TAP CHi CQNG THUONG NANG CAO THU NHAP HO DAN SONG XUNG QUANH Rl/NG BAN THEO CACH TIEP CAN SINH KE BEN VCfNG (TRUdNG HOP NGHIEN ClfU DONG BANG SONG Cl/U LONG) • NGUYEN VAN HOA - DINH PHI H(5 - MAI VAN NAM TOM T.Vl: Bai \ let phan tich cdc \cu td tac dpng den thu nhdp bp dan difa tren each tiep can sinh ke ben vifng vd dng dung md hinh hdiquy tuyen tinh da bien vdi dif lieu khao sdt 210 hp dan sd'ng ven rifng ban d Dong bdng sdng Cdu Long Ket qua nghien edu xdc dinh cd yeu tdtdc dpng, bao gdm (i) vd'n tai ehinh; (ii) vdn xa hdi; (ni) vd'n ngifdi; (iv) vd'n vat cha't va (v) vd'n tif nhi^n Nghien edu cung difa cac hdm y tao ndn tang khoa hpc cho viec hoaeh dinh chinh sdch, ndng cao thu nhap cho hp ddn ndi ddy Tiif khda: Sinh ke ben vifng,rijfngban, md hinh hdi quy luyen tinh, hd dan sdng xung quanh rdng ban Ddng bdng sdng Cii'u Long LDdt vS'nd^ Khdi phyc bao \'e \a phdt trien rdng ban gid \ Ird quan trpng chien lifdc bao ve va phdt irien rifngngdp man \en bien ciia Qud'e gia Kinh nghiem tren ihe gidi \ a Viet Nam cho tha')' ngu'di la ye'u to'quyet dinh de thUc hien chidn ItfOc iia\' Nhij'ng hd dan sdng xung quanh cdc \iing rifngbanga'n lien cudc sd'ng cua hp vdi rdng \a bien ddng cua rifng Tuy nhien thdi gian qua chifa cd nghien edu ndo dddc thifc hien mdt each cd he Ihd'ng de giai thich cdc edu hdi dat ra: Yeu id ndo anh hddng de'n Ihu nhap cua cac hp dan sdng xung quanh rdng ban? De ndng cao thu nhap cho bd ddn can giai quyet nhu'ng \d'n de gi? Bai \iet idp trung vao ndi dung cbinh: (i) Xdc dinh cdc \ eu td idc ddng de'n thu nhdp cua hd ddn 66 So 10-Thang 5/2020 theo cdch lie'p can sinh kdn ben vifng; (ii) Gdi y chinh sdch nhdm tao dieu kien nang cao thu nhap cho hd dan sdng xung quanh rifng ban Nghien edu tidn hanh khao sat 210 hd ddn sd'ng xung quanh rifng bdn tap trung d DongbSng sdng Cdu Long (DBSCL) nham tao cd sd thifc tien cho mo hinh lu'dng Dia ban nghien cifu tren huyen Duyen Hdi Cii lao Dung, Tran De - thupc tinh Tra Vinh va Sdc Trang ndi tap irung id 570 den 1.500 rdng ban iir nhien va rt^ng bdn trdng Cdsdiy thuy^'t \a thifc nghidm 2.1 Vimg riing bdn Rifng ban la viing tieu bieu \di dac diem cay ban gia ket hdp vdi ri^ng ban non mdi phal trien, rat day, khdng cd cdc cay ri^ng khdL moc dan xen KINH TE Rifng bdn tao vdnh dai ri^ng ngap mdn de bao \c dc sdng, dn dinh bdt, giam thieu thien tai sat Id xam nhap mdn tao he sinh thai td nhien cho cpng ddngdancif tai dia phifdng (Hd Viet Hung 2007) Ngoiii sdn pham chinh la go rdng ban cdn cd cdc san pham phu nhif cd, tdm, cua ngheu dpng valcd vd, Ngoai cay ban cdn Id cay dddc heu, trdi ban Id ngudn thdc dn cho ca, nguyen lieu san xua't nUdc cdt ban, nifdc giai khat, chUng cai rddu Nhifng dai rCrng ban tao dieu kien thuan Ipi cho nudi trdng Ihuy san d vung dem va gid vai tro nhd nhiJng dai dem Ipc nddc ldn de nong dan ddn nddc sach vdo hay lpc nifde thdi tiT cac vtmg nudi trdng thuy ,san 2.2 Thu nhgp hg ddn Theo Singh va cdng sd(l986), Ihu nhdp cua hd gia dinh gdm thu nhap tiJr ndng nghiep va phi ndng nghipp Tdng cue Thdng ke Viet Nam (2015) xdc djnh cu the hdn: Thu nhap cua hd gia dinh la loan bp so'tien va gia tri hien vdt quy tidn sau da tru" chi phi sdn xua't ma hp va eac thdnh vien cua ho nhdn difdc mpt thdi gian nha't dinh Trong nghien cdu nay, tdng thu nhdp ctia hp dan sdng xung quanh rifng ban bao gdm ca ihu nhap cd difdc tif Siin pham ciia rifng ban 2.3 Sinh keben viing Theo Chambers va Conway (1992) smh ke bao gdm cac kha ndng, tai san (ca ve vat cha'l \d cdc ngudn life xa hpi) va cac hoat dpng can thie't cho mot phu'dng tien sinh sd'ng Mdt sinh ke'difdc gpi la bdn vifng ed the u'ng phd va khdi phue iCf nhiJng bien ddng vd nhiJng cu sdc tif nhien, Iri hay tdng cddng ndng life vd tai san ciia minh irong khdng lam ton hai de'n tai nguyen thien nhien, Hdn nifa, nd cung ca'p cd hdi sinh kd ben vifng cho cdc Ihd he kd tie'p cung ca'p idi ich den sinh ke khde d cap dia phddng va loan cau irong nga'n ban va dai ban Tinh quan trpng ciia dinh nghTa sinh ke Id hddng sif chu y den cdc lien kdt gida cdc tai san hd gia dinh, cac Ida chpn hoat dpng cua hp va kct qua cd dUcfc tir nhdng ngudn life dd (Ellis, 2000) 2.4 Cdch tie'p can sinh keben viing Scoones (1998) va DFID (1999) cho rang, kha nan" theo dudi cac chien lu'Oc sinh ke khac phu Ihudc \ dieu kien \ai chd't va xa hdi tai san \d hinh \a hdu hinh ma moi ngifdi cd difdc Cac ngudn life bao gdm: \d'n lU nhien vd'n ngddi vd'n \a hdi vd'n vat chai \a vd'n tai chinh Vd'n ty nhien I Natural capital) bao gdm da't nu'dc va cac ngudn idi nguyen smh hpc dddc siJ dung bdi ngu'di de tao phifdng lien cho sir tdn tai Dieu Id quan trpng dd'i \di nhCfng ngifdi nhan dddc ta't ca hay mdt phan sinh ke ciia lip lij' tai nguyen thien nhien difa tren cdc hoal dpng nhu'ndng nghiep ddnh ba't thiiy hai san, thu nhdp Id rifng Cdc qua trinh ty nhien - nhd hoa hoan 10 Iiii ban hdn sdng va bao ihddng • de gdy sy ton thifdng Do dd cd md'i quan he chat che gida vd'n ty nhien va bdi cdnh dd bi ton ihu'dng Vd'n ngu'di (Human capital) de cap de'n ngudn lyc lao ddng sdn cd ctia hd gia dinh Nd kbdng chi difdc bang sd Iddng lao ddng ma bdngca cha't lUdng lao dpng nhd: k\ ndng, irinh dp hpc vdn syc khoe anh hu'dng ddn cdch ma hp gia dinh thuc hien cac chidn lifdc sinh kdde dat ke't qua sinh ke Vdn \a hdi (Social caipiial) bao gdm cdc ngudn Idc xa hpi (cac mang Iddi, eac yeu cau xd hpi, quan he xa bpi, dang phai, hiep hpi) ma ngddi ihiet ke theo dudi chien lu'dc sinh ke khde ddi hdi hiinh ddng phdi hdp Vdn \a hdi dddc xem nhir ngudn lyc quan trpng giup cdc ho gia dinh ddi phd vdi cdc cii sd'cty nhien va kinh te Ngoai ra, thdng qua cac mang xa hdi hp gia dinh cd the phdt trien va chia se kien thdc cbo Vd'n vat chat (Phisical capital) bao gdm nhdng gi dirpc lao liJqud irtnh san xua't nhu'dien tich da't ndng nghiep lam nghiep nudi trdng thiiy san, kenh mddng thiiy Idi du'dng giao thdng, mdy mdc cdc phu'dng tien khde (md hinh san xua't - kinh doanh da dang hda sinh ke) giup ngifdi dat hieu qua hdn irong qua trinh san xuat - kinh doanh Vd'n tai chinh (Financial capital) lien quan ddn gia iri tien md hd gia dinh cd the gia tang Ngudn chii yeu cd dUdc td tidt kiem va tie'p can tin dung du'di hinh thdc cho \ a \ Vd'n tdi chinh sinh kd hd gia dinh khdng chi la lien, ma cd the ldn tai dudi hinh thtfc cac idi san kbdc nhd vat nudi, cd sd vdt chat, phddng tien di lai cac ngudn vdn thddng \u\en - bao gdm ca thu nhap cd dddc lu'dng hu'u lien gdi nhan tif ngddi thdn irong va ngoai niTdc So 10-Thang 5/2020 67 TAP GUI CONG THIfllNG Dya tren each tiep can sinh ke ben \flng md binh nghien cdu cho thu nhap hp dan sd'ng xung quanh rdng ban d DBSCL nhir sau: (Hinh 1) Hinh I: Mo h/nh tigfiien cdu Chambers va Conway 1992; Rcardon \ a cpng sif, 1992: Scpones, 1998; Ellis, 2000; \N uiiers \d cpng sy 2001; Sesabo va Toi, 2005; Karltunen 2009: Pham Hat Bdu va cdngsy 2010: Vd Van Tuan va Le Canh Dung, 2015; Wan vd cdng sd 2016: Luu Tien Dffng, Dinh Phi Ho va cdng sy (2018) Tong hdp cdc ydu to' anh hifdng den thu nhap difdc trtnh bay Bang I Lfng dung md hinh hdi quy tuydn tinh da bien y =B., + J^l^BX-i-it Thi6't kc' nghien cii'u vd diT li^u thu thap 3.1 Md hinh liiifng Tir Ihap nien 90 den nui\ nhieu nghien cdu dp dung each tidp can smh ke ben vijng nhan dien cdc yeu tdanh hu'dng den thu nhdp hd dan viing ndng thdn (Mincer 1974; Singh \a cdng sU 1986; vdi ham so' khdi qudt: Trong dd: B(i: Hdngsd'; B|:Tham sd'; X, Cdc bien doc lap; i = I ddn 11 'i • Bien phu thupc; u; Phan dif, 3.2 Cd mdu vd phidfng phdp thu thgp dii lif u Theo Green (1991) dd'i vdi md hinh hdi quy, cd mdu tdi thieu: n > 50 + kP; dd: n: cd mau; P: sd bien ddc lap; k = S Bang Cdc yeu to anh hUdng de'n thu nhqp hp dan BIg'n Ky hl$u bien / Bien phu thu^ Y Mots Don V] tinh Ky vpng Thu nhap ciia hp gia dinh Tneu dong / nam / ngUdi hd XI Hoc van cua chu ho Ldp 1-12 (Nam hoc) + X2 Gidi tinh chu hp Nam=1; N0 = + "X3 Thanh phan dan too ciia chu hd Dan tpc Kmh =1; Dan tpc khac = + X4 Quy md hg Ngt/di X5 Ty le phu thupc (So ngudi dudi dp tudi lao dpng va dd tudi khong cd kha nang lao ddng/ nhan khau hd) % 11 Bien d ^ l$p von ngudi X6 Dien tich dat san xuat 1.000 met vuong + X7 Thu nhap td san pham rdng ban Cd = 1; khdng = + X8 So boat dpng san xuat - Kinh doanh tao Ihu nhap Sd hoat d d n g ( , , ) + Vdn xa hdi X9 Tham gia to chifc, doan the dia phiiong Cd=1; + Vdn tu nhien X10 Cii soc ty nhien (hoa hoan lu lut han han,song va bao} Co =1; khdng = Vdn tai chinh X11 Tiep can lin dung (vay tii cac dmh che tai chinh-DCTC) Cd vay tien td dmh che tin dung chinh thdc = 1: Khdng = Von v$t chat So 10^ Thang 5/2020 khdng = + KINH TE Md hinh nghien cdu cd 11 bien dpc lap Nhd vay, cd mau td'i thieu can: n>50-i-kP = 50-K8)ll = 138 C9 mau td'i Ihieu la 138 quan sat Cdn cd vdo khd ndng ngudn lUc cdng tac vien khao sdt va Idi chinh cbo phep nhdm nghien cdu chpn n = 210 quan sdt, phu'dng phdp thu thap mdu theo thuan lien, dia ban khao sat tren huyen thuoc tinh dai dien cho cdc tieu vung rdng ban tap trung d DBSCL, bao gdm: Huyen Duyen Hai ndm d cda Dinh An phia Bde sdng Hau thupc tinh Tra Vinh va huyen Cu Lao Dung, Tran De ndm phia Nam Clin sdng Hau thupe tinh Sdc Trang Dif lieu dddc thu thap thdng qua phdng van trye tidp 210 hd ddn sd'ng xung quanh ryngban td thdng de'n thang 12 ndm 2019, theo phu'dng phdp la'y mau phi xdc sua't thuan lien bdng bang cau hdi chi tiet de kiem dinh md hinh Ke't qua va thao luSn 4.1 Mo td dgc diem hi) ddn - Gidl tinh vd thdnh phan dan tpc ciia chii hd: Trong 210 hp khdo sdt, gidi linh nam chiem 83.87r Hinh 2: Gidi tinh cua chu hg (%) Hd dan chu ye'u la ngifdi Kinh i7L4Vf) (Hinh Hinh 3) - Tmh trang dddng ddu vdi cu sd'c Id nhien va tiep can tin dung (Hinh Hinh 5) Hinh cho tha'y phdn ldn cdc hd dan viing xung quanh riJng ban phai dddng dau \dicu sd'cty nhien nam i84.3'"f) Ty le hd tidp can tin dung chinh thdc ia 677r (Hinh 5i Trong Bang trinh dp hpc van ciia chii hd Id ldp7; so'nhan khau tnmg binh Id ngddi/hp; Dien tich da't (dd't san xua't ndng nghiep \a dd'i ryng biin quan ly) Id 42.000 m- Ty le ngifdi sdng phu thupc ciia hd dan cao (75%) Bang C d c d q c trifng khde Tmng binh Trinh dp hoc van (Nam hoc) Quy md nhan khau hd (ngudi) Dien tich dat san xuat (1.000 m 42 Ty le phu thuoc (%) 75 Hinh 3: Thanh phan dan toe chu hg (%) Nii 16-2 71.4 Dan tpc Kinh Dan tpc khac 28.6 20 Hinh 4: Ty le hg dildng ddu vdi cii soc (%) 40 Hinh S: Ty le hg Hep can von vay (%) 67.1_ Co vav lirDCCT JfTT Khong CO cu soc tg nhien 60 Khong vay Co 20 40 60 30 So 10-Thong 5/2020 69 U P CHICONG THIfdNG mnhj^dcau thu nhgp ta rCIng bdn (%) Luong khoan lii amg, Thu nhSp trung binh cua hp tir rirng ban irong nam lit 18,174 Irieu dong/I Trong do, chu >cu den tLf san pham thuy san \a san pham phu {trai bSnchin, cui) cua rirng ban duoc aiao khoan quan ly (95%)._ 4.2 Kel qua pliaii lich lioi guy (Bang 3, Bang Bang 5) Theo Hair va cong sir (2006), Bang 1> cho ket qua CO 10 bien dam bao c6 y nghia tho'ng ke \ ili lin ca\ tren 947r {Ngoai trif bien X."^); R2 hieu chinh = 69,7'> (69,7% thay doi thu nhap duoc giai thich bdi 11 bien doc lap): Theo Fomby \a cons: sir ( lyS4i gia Iri Ihong ke Durbin - W.ilson = 1.429 < ^ (Khdng CO hien urong Iir tirOng quan phan dir); NIF < 10 (Khong co hien lUOng cong luyen cua cac bien doc lap), DOI \di phUOng sai phandu nghien ci'ru sijldung kiem djnh White (1980) Mo hinh hiii quy phu ciia While cd dang; USQUARE = b|, + b|Xl + b,X2 + b,X3 + b,.\4 + b,X5 + b,,X6 + b^X7 + bgXS + b„X^' + b|„XIO+b||Xll + b | , \ l S + b|,,X2.S + bijX.IS + b,i.\4.S + b|sX5S + b|-X6.S + b|sX7S + b|.,X,S.S + b,„X9S + b,,X10S + b;,X IS + b,,CROSP Bang He so hoi q u y I H$ so chua chuan hoa (Unstandaidized Coefficients) i Std Enor (Constant) Thffng ke c^ng tuyffn (Collinearity Statistics) Beta 1,929 10,808 0,000 Tolerance VIF 0,093 0,117 2.955" 0,ol)4" 0,929 1,077 0,838 0,081 1,946 0,053"" 0.841 " lj89' 0.636 0,074 1,925 0,056 0972" 0,27o 43,085 -1,975 0,050 0.788^ 1,268 0,005 -0.031 -0,810 0,419 0.962^ 1,039 0.028 0113 2.825" 0,005"" 0.907" 1,102 0,651 0.077 1.994" 0.048 0,968 1.033 0,126 0,086" 2,227 0,027 0,971 1,030 0,877 0.149 ^.525" 0.012 0,417 2.400 12,240 0,812 4),Tl0" -2,760 11,460 0,994 0.725 11 527 2.215 • 0,697 70 H$ so chuan hoa (Standardized Coefficients) s5 10-Thcing 5/2020 0.006 0.918 1,090 0,000 367 2,723 KINH TE Trong dd USQUARE- Phan ddbinh phddng XIS: \ l binhphi/dng; X2S: X2 binh phddna IIS CROSP: Tich eheo (XT X2"X3^X4*X5^X6 X7-X8'-X9-^X10^Xtl, Ghi chu: Theo NoruMs 11993) md hinh hdi quy danh gia mdc dp tac ddng cua cac he so hdi quy nen sii" dung he sd' Beta Betak: He sd' Beta ciia bien ddc lap thd k: B^^ He so hdi quy chua chuan hda cua bien ddc lap thd k; S)^: Do lech chuan (Standard Deviation) ciia bien Bang Ket qua mo hinh h6i quy phu R I Square 0,448 0,2 Change Statistics Adjusted R Square ' Std Enpr of (R^ hi$u chinh) | the Estimate Estimate I R square Change F Change Sig F Change j -Watson ^ 0,129 Bien phu thuoc USQUARE He sd White = n^^R- hieu chinh = 2IOi0.129 = 27.09 Tra biing so'Chi binh phddng vdi 23 bien ddc lap va mdc tin cay 95% gia in thd'ng ke bang = 35,17 Khdng cd hien phu'cfng,sai phan dd thay doi vl be sd'White nhd hdn gid tri ihd'ng ke bang Thdng qua kiem dinh tren md hinh khdng dinh cd 10 ye'u to'anh hifdng de'n thu nhap hd dan sd'ng xung quanh rdng ban: Xi X2 X3 X4 X6 X7.X8.X9.X10, XII Bdng Mufc d o tde dpng c u a c d c y e u to Cac bien d$cl$p Gia tri tuy$t doi Beta % Vitrl lac d$ng X1 0,117 7.2 X2 0,081 5.0 X3 0,074 4.6 10 X4 0,085 5.3 X6 0.113 7.0 X7 0,077 4,8 X8 0.086 5.3 X9 0.149 9.2 X10 0,110 6.8 XII 0.725 44.8 Tong 1.617 100 dpc lap thd k: S.,: Dp lech chuan ciia bicn phu thupc 'i' Hcki, = n-' • Mdc dp lac dpng theo thd Id td ldn de'n nhd nha't: Tie'p can vd'n va> td cac dmh che chinh thdc: Tham gia to' chdc doan the dia phddng; Hoc vii'n; Dien tfch diii ,san xuat: Cu sdc td nhien; Sd' boat ddng san xua't - Kinh doanh tao thu nhiip Quy md hp: Gidi tinh chii hd: Thu nhap l\i siin phii'm rifng ban: Thanh phiin diin tde cua chu ho Ke't lu^n va ham < chi'nh sach Trong dieu kien rifng ban d DBSCL nghien cdu \i\c dinh cac ye'u td anh hu'dng den thu nhap hd dan sd'ng xung quanh rifng ban, bao gom: (i) vd'n tai cbinh; (ii) vd'n xa hpi; (iii) \6'n ngUdi; (iv) vd'n vat chat; (\') vd'n td nhien De nang cao thu nhap cho hd dan cd van de can dddc quan tam giili quye't: Mdt Id nang cao nang li/c vd'n tiii chinh cho cac hd dan thdng qua tao dieu kien cho hd tie'p can nguon vd'n vay tif cac ngan hang (Ngan hang Ndng nghiep \ii Phat trien ndng thdn Ngiin hang Chinh sdch xii hpi) cung nhdcdc Quy tai trp phat trien va bao \ e rifng ngap man ven bien Dac biet la, cai thien cac phdOng dn khai thac thuy san va phu pham rdng biin cd hieu qua kinh leva giin vdi ciin bang sinh thai HiH Id md rdng \dn xa hdi cho cdc hd dan thdng qua tac dpng cua Hiep hoi Ndng diin Trung tam Khuven ndng Trung tiim Khuye'n liim bang So 10-Thang 5/2020 71 TAP C l l CONG TItfONE CJC hinh ihdc; Cau lac bp tap huan cac mo hinh ^an xua'l hieu qua k> thuat mdi ihdng lin Uij tnrdng bien ddng cua mdi tnrdng rirng ngap man Ba Id tri nang Idc vd'n ngddi thdng qua cdc chinh sach nang cao diin tri cho em hd diin nhif: [y le sinh hdp 1>' \ai ird phu nil iham gia san thdng qua vice ap dung md hinh thiim canh rirng da dang cSc loai hinh san xual ndng - lam - nudi irdng thiiy siin d vung dem \a che bien san phiini til ban dich vu du lich sinh thai rifng biin \'din Ui tich ci/c ciing cd vd'n id nhien thdng qua dii> nhanh lien dp thdc hien cacdu" an b.io \c.kh6i xua'l - kmh doanh Dac biet can quan tam den ddng biio diin loc va ngu'di \ cu ihe xa hpi B('>n Id nang cao vd'n vat cha'l cho cac hp dan phue \a phdt trien rdng ngiip nh^m han che id'i da nhiing cii sdc tif nhien anh hddng de sinh kc cua cdc hd dan song xung quanh vung rCfng ban • TAI I I l l THAM KHAO: Chambcr.'i, R and Conway G.R (1992) Sintaiiiahle niral livelihoods: pnieucal concepts for the 21st ecnliiry Insliiiiii,-ul Duwlopnicni Studies Eliis F, (20(X)) Kiinil Lvelih(HHl\ and Diversitv in De\elopiiiK Countries New York I_ SDA, Oxford Univeniily Press Fomby T.B Hill, k C" and Johnson SR ll9S4i lihuiuej VerUiii Lcommieiric Meihoch 'Voi )iuH'SA Springer- Ciiccn S.B (19911 How Many Subjects EXK'S ll Take To Do A Regression An.iKsis Uiilm.inaie Beliav Res 2(H.l).4W-.slO Hair J Aderson R Tailium P and Biack NN (2006) \liilii\unuie Data Analysis Prentice - 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296 12 Scwne- I (I99.S) SiC'iainahle Rmal lj\tUhooils: A Framework for Analysis (IDS Working Paper 72) Institute of Development Siudies Lini\cr-.il> ol Sussex 13 Scs.ilHi K and Toi R.S.J (20051 FueU'r\ affecting income siniiegies among households in Tanzanum coastal vilunes- ImpbciUions for dcvelopmeni-consenadon iniliaii\e\ iNNorking Paper INL -7l)i Singh I., Squire L and Strauss J (U)S(ii Agneultunil household ininleh: CKiemums applications, andpolic\ Baltimore .MD USA' The Johns Hopkins Univcrsii\ Press 14 Tong cue Thdng ke (20151 So liiu nhdn Umi - xd hor \lih sdng dan cU Truy cap lif < hup://ww'A.gso.gov.vn/ defauli_on-.isp\'iabid=4"h.»^klmiJ=4.vl[emID=L^475> l.s N o \ j n T u : i n \ : i Le Canh Diing; 2015i Cac >e'u to anh hirdng den ke'i qua smh kO'cua ndng hod DBSCL Tu/Jcfti KhoahneTndmgDHCimVu'.^^.nO-U^ 72 So 10-Thang 5/2020 KINH IE 16 White H.l 1980) .\ HeU-'rosdasncity Consisienl Variance Matrix Esiimaloranda DireclTeslof Heleriisdusiiciu Evtmtmwtrica, 4K| 4), 817 - ,^.^S 17 Winters P., Da\is, P , and Cental, L (2001) Assets, activities and income generation in nirai Mexico; Faclonnj; in social capital and public capital /V;'""/I"™' Economics 27,139 - 151 18 Wan J Wang W , Li, R and Liti, Z (2016) Income Diversiification -A Straleg)' lor Rural Region Risk Management 5ia7«t?i(f/w7('n' S( 10), 1-13, Ngay nh^n bai: 17/4/2020 Ngay phan bi^n danh gia va siiTa chu'a: 27/4/2020 Ngay chap nhSn dang bai: 7/5/2020 Tlionfi lin Idc gid: 1, ThS N G U Y I N V A N H O A Biio hiem Xa hOi Vi^t Nam - Chi iiiianh Soc Trang 2, PGS.TS, DINH PHI HO Dai hpc Phan Thie't 3, PGS.TS MAI VAN NAM Dai hpc Can Thd INCREASING THE INCOME OF HOUSEHOLDS LIVING AROUND SONNERATIA FORESTS UNDER THE SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD APPROACH: CASE STUDY OF THE MEKONG DELTA • Master NGUYEN VAN HOA Department of Social Insurance - Soc Trang Province • Assoc.Prof.Ph.D DINH PHI HO Pfian Ttilet University • Assoc.Prof.Pti.D MAI VAN NAM Can Tiio University ABSTRACT: This research analyze.s factors affectint! the income of households living around Sonneratia forests' under Ihe sustainable liNclihood approach This research uses a multivariate linear recession model to analyze data collected from 210 households living nearby Sonneratia forests in the Mekong Delta This research finds out that (i) financial capital, (ii) social capital, (in) human capini (iv) physical capital and (v) natural capital are factors affecting die income of these households The research also provides policy implications, creating a scientiflc basis for policy raakin" in order to increase the income of households living around Sonneratia forests Keywords: Sustainable livelihoods, Sonneratia forest, linear regression model, households living around Sonneratia forests, the Mekong Delta So 10-Ttiang 5/2020 73 ... Hau thupe tinh Sdc Trang Dif lieu dddc thu thap thdng qua phdng van trye tidp 210 hd ddn sd'ng xung quanh ryngban td thdng de'n thang 12 ndm 2019, theo phu'dng phdp la'y mau phi xdc sua't thuan... phdp thu thap mdu theo thuan lien, dia ban khao sat tren huyen thuoc tinh dai dien cho cdc tieu vung rdng ban tap trung d DBSCL, bao gdm: Huyen Duyen Hai ndm d cda Dinh An phia Bde sdng Hau thupc... dinh Trong nghien cdu nay, tdng thu nhdp ctia hp dan sdng xung quanh rifng ban bao gdm ca ihu nhap cd difdc tif Siin pham ciia rifng ban 2.3 Sinh keben viing Theo Chambers va Conway (1992) smh