Một số yếu tố tác động đến khả năng nhận biết của người cao tuổi ở khánh mậu, yên khánh, ninh bình

Nghign ctiu Gia d i n h vA Gi6i S^ - 2 Mgt so yeii to'tdc flgng Sen kha nang nh^n biet cua nguoi cao tuoi A Khinh Mdu, Yen Khdnh, Ninli Binh Lo Viet Phuong Vi$n Gia dinh vd Gidi Tdm tat: Dua tren dff li^u ciia nghien cffu "Khao sat ve Sffc khoe vd Phuc Idi cila ngUdi cao tuoi Vitt Nam" dUdc thUc hien tai xa Khanh M,ui, huy?n Yen Khanh, tinh Ninh Binh nam 2010, bdi Viet xem x6t cdc yeu to^ tac dpng den kha nflng nhdn biet cila ngUcii cao tuoi qua phUdng phap phan tfch hai biffn vd hoi quy logistic Ket qua nghien cffu cho thd'y kha nSng nhan biet cila ngUcli cao tudi chju sU tac dong ciia cac yeu to' nhu mffc sdng, dp tuoi, sffe khoe lh§ chdt va hoat dpng thUdng Nhffng ngUdi cao tuoi cl nhdm tudi 60-69 nhffng ngUcri c6 mffc sdng kha vd nhflng ngUdi tich cffc tham du cac buoi hop thon, x6m c6 kha ndng nhdn bi^t to't hOn so vdi nhflng ngUcri cao tuoi nhfim ddi chffng Tir khoa: NgUdi cao tuoi; Sffc khoe tinh th^n; Kha nfing nh&n biet ciia nguoi cao tuoi Dat van de Sffc khde tinh thdn Id mdt edu phdn quan trpng sffe khde tdng thd Theo dd, sffc khde linh thdn Id trang thdi khde manh cua mdi ca nhdn d l hp nhdn bifi't dupe kha ndng eua ban thdn cd thi duong dau vdi nhffng cdng thdng Ihdng thudng cudc sdng cd thi Idm viec va hpc tap mdt each ed hieu qua va ed ihl tham gia gdp phdn vao eae hoat ddng ciia cdng ddng (WHO 2003:4) Sffc khde tinh thdn Id mdt khai nidm rdng, khdng 1-^6 Viat PhUrfng 27 Ihl tach rdi sffc khde ndi chung, nhien nd dupe coi Id ydu id quan trpng nhd't dl mang lai cam giac hanh phuc cho mdi ngudi Sffe khde tinh thdn eua ngudi eao ludi cd y nghia thuc tiln viCc ndng eao chd't lupng co ed'u ddn sd vd vd'n dl ndy da vd dang ddt nhffng nhu edu nghien cffu Cho ddn cac nghifin cffu vl sffe khde tinh thdn ciia ngudi cao tudi d Vifit Nam thudng quan tdm dfi'n su rdi nhilu tdm trf su cd dcfn, cae chung bfinh tdm thdn (theo edch tifi'p edn y hoc) hodc Id cdc hoat ddng sinh hoai van hda linh thdn cua ngudi eao tudi (theo each tifi'p can vdn hda) (Ld Vifit Phucmg 2011) Bfin canh dd kha ndng nhdn bifi't la mdt nhirng bidn sd ludng vl sffc khde linh thdn Nghifin cffu vl kha ndng nhdn bifi't cua ngudi eao tudi vd cac yeu td lae ddng gdp phdn mang lai nhdn thffc day du hon vo vd'n dl sffc khde tinh thdn eiia ngudi gid la nhdm ddn sd dac bifit, qua dd cac vifin gia dinh vd xa hdi se CO nhimg each ffng xu day cam thdng va su chdm sde phu hop de ngudi cao tudi ludn cam thd'y lae quan irong eude sd'ng Dua trfin kfi't qua nghifin cffu cua "Khao sat vl Sffc khde va Phiic loi cCia ngucri cao lull d Viet Nam" dupe thuc hifin tai xa Khanh Mau, huyen Yfin Khanh linh Ninh Binh ndm 2010 bai vifi't tap trung phdn tfch cac ydu td tac ddng dfi'n kha nang nhan bifi't eua ngudi cao tudi Cd 288 ngudi cao tudi tff 60 tudi trd 16n tdng sd 407 ngudi tra Idi dupe su diing 1dm mdu phdn lich cho bdi vifi't Trong nghien cffu kha nang nhdn bifi't eiia ngudi cao ludi (NCT) duoc kiem chffng qua mpt kifi'm nghiem nhd Ngudi cao tudi tra Idi eho cau hdi 1- "Bdy gid dang la mua gi?", - 'Ten huyen ndy la gi?", 3'Trung thu vao ngdy nao?" vd 4- "Dpc lai dung thff tu tff: mat trdi, chifi'c giay, bac sy" Kfi'i qua thu dupe cho thd'y, kha ndng nhdn bifi't cua NCT d Khanh Mau kha tdt dd'i vdi cdc su kien don le, cd tfnh true tiep Cu thi nhu ira Idi cho ede edu hdi "Bdy gid la mua gi?" - cd tdi 89,5% ngudi tra Idi cho bidt la miia he - dd cung la thdi dilm diln dieu tra, cd 7.3% ngudi tra Idi sai va 3,1% khdng the tra Idi mde du thdi difi'm diiu tra la ndng ndng dat cue difi'm cua nam 2010 vd d xa Khanh Mau ludn d tinh trang mat dien Ty lfi cho edu tra Idi d edu hdi "T6n huy6n la gi?" cung cho kfi't qua tuong duong Khi phai gdn su kifin vdi mdt dfl lidu cu the nhu "Trung thu vao nao?" ly le ngudi cao tudi tra Idi sai cao hon mdt chut (10,1%) so vdi hai edu hdi tren edu hdi eudi eiing, NCT edn lap lai dung thff tu eiia tff md didu tra vifin dpc (mdt trdi, chifi'c gidy, bdc sy) thi cd Idi 25,3% ngudi cao ludi tra Idi sai d edu hdi nay; chi cd 58,3% NCT tra Idi dung va 28 Nghioncffu Gia dinh vA Gidi Quy^n 22, s6'6, tr 26-37 ty Ifi khdng thi ira Idi eung khd cao (1 d.3%) Nhu vdy, kha ndng nhdn bidt eua NCI d Khanh Mdu td't d eae su kidn cd tfnh true tidp, cdn nhflng su kifin cdn su liCn kdt lifin tudng Ihl ty lfi NCT ludn cam thd'y lung tiing hodc dua phuong an tra Idi khdng chinh xac eao hon khd nhilu D6 cd Ihl plidn tich sdu hon bifi'n sd kha ndng nhdn bidt dupe xdy dtmg mdi vdi hai phutTng an tra Idi Id: "tdt" vii "khdng tdt" tren eo sd kdt qua ciia bdn edu hdi da dupe dua Ddi \di nguoidi cao tudi cd kha nang nhdn bici tdi thi nhd't Unci phdi o'l dap :in diing ddi vdi cau "dpc lai dung thff tu cua iff mat trdi, chific gidy va bdc sy" eung vdi en dap dn dung dd'i vdi Irong edu hdi trfin Kcl qua sd lifiu eho ih.iy cd 52.1 ^ NCI ed kha ndng nhdn blot idi va ty Id cdn lai dupe eho la cd kha ndng nhan bill khdng idi (47.'J%) Hdu hei nhuTig ngudi eao tudi cd dap dn diing d cau hdi thff (dpc lai ihff tu dung cua iff cho siin) thi ludn ed dap an diing d edu hdi edn lai Cac yeu to tac dong den kha ndng nhan biet cua ngodi cao tuoi Ddc diem cd nhdn Dd'i vdi ngudi cao tudi, ngudi ban ddi khdng chi la ngudi chdm sde ma thuc su cdn Id ehd dua vimg chde vl tinh thdn, su cd don dfi dang xdm ehifi'm nfiu nhu ho khdng sd'ng cung ban ddi hode eon chau Theo tidp cdn phdn tich vl co edu xfi hdi, su tuong tde giffa eae mdi quan hd 1dm cho chii ihfi cdc md'i quan hfi bdc Id nhffng ddc dilm rieng ciia minh Bfin canh dd theo tifi'p can cua phdn tfch vc tudi gia theo sinh hpc vd vdn hda yfiu Id quan trpng nhd't tao khuynh hud^g cd Idp \d hdi cua ngudi Idn tudi Id edi chfi't cua ngudi ban ddi (John J Maeionis 10S7' 431) Kci qua so lieu eho thd'y nhdm NCF hien sd'ng cung vp/chdng cd ly 16 ed kha ndng nhan bie't cdn tdt cao hon dang kc so vdi nhdm NCT hi6n khdng sdng cung vp/ chdng (ly 16 tuong ffng 64.9^; \'a 45.7'";p) Cd 74.9% NCT d nhdm 60-69 tudi cd kha ndng nhdn bidt td't ly Ifindy dnhdmtff SOiudi trd Ifin la 19.6% Vdi mffc y nghia quan hfi chdt che (P