Thu nhập và chi tiêu của cư dân nông thôn trong bối cảnh đô thị hoá

THU NHAP VA CHI TIEU CUA CU DAN N O N G THON TRONG BOI C A N H DO THj HOA ThS Dd Thj L6 Hang Vien Tdm ly hgc TOM T A T Bdi viet lap trung vdo vice chi thu nhdp vd chi neu c iia cdc hp ddn Irong hoi cdnh dd tin hda Thu nhdp ciia ngifdi ddn tgi cdc diem khdo sdt cini yeu vdn Id til ndng nghiep Mile thu nhdp khdng eao, phdn ldn idc hp ddn ehi tieu hel sd lien thu nhdp dugc vd khdng cd lien tich luy TO khoa: Thu nhdp; Chi lien: Dd ini hda Ngdy nhdn bdi: 28/11/2012; Ngdy duyet ddng hdi- 25/2/2013 Dat van de Dd thi hda la mgt qua trinh tit yen cia tidn trinh phit tridn kinh te, xa hdi cia dit nude Lan sdng dd thj hda tai Viet Nam xui't hien tO liu, nhtmg nd thyc sy biing nd vao nhttng nam 2000 eua thd ky XX Thcri gian diu, dd thj hda xuit hien d cic viing ven dd thi Idi - Ha Ndi va thinh phd Hd Chi Minh Ddn dd thi hda md rdng, xui't hien tai hau he't eac tinh ca nude Dd thj hoa mang lai mdt dien mao mdi eho cie lang que Viet Nam Dd'i vdi ngudi ndng din, dd thj hoi dem lai nhOng so thay ddi vd ldi sd'ng, edng viec, nha cOa, mdi trudng, giio due nd tao ndn mdt khdng gian dd thj ndng thdn Khi dd thi hda xui't hien, dit dai lam ndng nghiep cia nhidu gia dinh bi thu hdi vi cic hd ndng dan nhan doge cic khoan tien den hi IcSn so voi thu nhip cia hg UucSc day Bio cao hd trg ky thuat nim 2011 ciia Ngin hang The gidi (trong bao cio Dinh gia dd thj hda tai Viet Nam) nhin djnh, dd thi hda chOa dyng sy chuydn ddi vd chuc nang va khdng gian can thidt dd tang cudng va phat tridn dii ban Td'c dg va each thOc dd thi hda ludn cd sy lidn he mat thiet vdi tinh luu dgng cia cac thj tru&ng san xui't vi mOc dg cung ci'p cac djeh vy ed ban Sy phit tridn kinh td eua dit nude tao mOc dd thj hda ndn nhihig thay ddi eia dd thj hay chuyen ddi co ciu kinh td xa hdi tai cac nude eung khic (World Bank, 2011) 82 TAP CHITAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 Dinh gii d6i sd'ng kinh td ciia ngudi ndng din bdi canh dd thj hda li didu cin thie't ddi vdi cic nhi nghidn cOu Bai vidt niy tip trung phan ti'ch cic kd't qua thu duge tO khao sit thye tidn nhim chi cic ngudn thu nhap cua ngo&i ndng din chu ydu tO dau? Chi tieu cua cae hd gia dinh tap trung nhidu vao nhttng boat ddng nao cudc sd'ng? Tit ci nhung dieu niy dugc xem xet bdi canh dd thj hda dang didn tai dia ban khao sat thyc dja Dja ban, khach the' va phuong phap nghien cifu Nghidn eOu dugc tidn hinh tren tinh Hi Ngi, Thii Binh, Hud, Cin Tho vi Long An dai dien eho cae ndng thdn midn Bic, Trung, Nam Tai mdi tinh chgn xa vdi td'c dd dd thj hda khdng tuong ddng Khao sit thye dja dugc thyc hidn tren 739 hd gia dinh thudc 10 xa vdi 3.503 nhin khiu, dd cd 2.226 ngu&i dd tudi lao ddng Mdi ngudi tra Idi dai didn cho hg gia dinh, Nhung ngodi duoc lya chgn tham gia tra ldi bang hdi nim rd tinh hinh kinh te, edng vide, thdi quen sinh boat cia gia dinh cung nhu eia cdng ddng Dd liy dugc y kid'n da dang tO nhidu dd'i tugng khic edng ddng khao sit, chung tdi lya chgn miu nghien cOu cd ti'nh den cic khia canh gidi ti'nh, dd tudi, nghd Nghidn eOu su dung bang hdi la cdng cu thu thap thdng tin chi'nh Ngoai ra, nhdm nghidn eOu cdn sO dung eac cdng cu thu thap thdng tin khac nhu phdng vi'n siu, thio luin nhdm nhim mang lai nhung thdng tin da chidu dd giai thich cho nhOng sd lidu dinh lugng tO bing hdi Dgc diem mdu nghien cdu cu the nhu sau: - Gidi tinh: 49,8% sd ngudi doge hdi la nO gidi vi 50,2% la nam gidi Nhdm tudi: Nhttng ngodi dodi 40 tudi chiem 30,7% mlu khao sat Khoing gin 60% miu nghidn cOu thudc nhdm 40 - 59 tudi, 21,8% thugc nhdm tO 60 tudi trd len (do phin ldn nhiing ngudi tre tudi di lam an xa) - Trinh dp hgc vdn: Cd 15,6% trinh tidu hge, 44,1% trinh phd thdng eo sd, sd cdn lai li cd trinh dd tO hgc sinh trung hgc phd thdng trd ldn - Nghe nghiep: 71,9% ngudi cho bid't cdng vide hidn tai cia hg li lim ndng nghiep, sd cdn lai hien dang lim nhttng cdng vide khdng lien quan dd'n ndng nghidp nhu kinh doanh, lam thud, cin bd cdng chOc Ke't qua vd thu nhip vi chi tieu duge tinh toin trdn co sd tien hinh thu thip cung nhu xO Iy sd lieu nhu sau: - Ydu ciu ngudi tri l&i liet ke tdng sd tidn hg nhin dugc 12 thang qua Dd'i vdi ngudi Viet Nam ri't khd khan dd hdi vd thu nhap Dieu hoan toan dung vdi ngudi ndng dan bdi Ie ngodi ndng din vdi die thu cdng vide nen cd nhidu khoin thu khic Do viy, sd lieu thu duge ehi mang ti'nh tuong TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 83 ddi vd dd chinh xic so vdi thyc td niy Dd ban chd didu nay, qui trinh phin ti'ch, chung tdi ed su dung them sd lieu cua Tdng cue Thd'ng ke vd thu nhip trung binh cia ngudi ndng din - Dd cho viec tinh thu nhip va ehi lidu dugc tip trung, chung tdi da loai cae bidn ngoai lai nhu mtte thu nhip/chi tieu qui thi'p dudi 100 nghin ddng hoac qua cao ddn 100 trieu ddng - Sd lieu lidn quan ddn thu nhip vi chi tidu dugc phin tich theo don vj hd gia dinh Thu nhap va chi tieu ciia cu dan nong thon bdi ciinh thi hda Khi xem xet mOc dd dd thj hda anh hudng nhu thd nio ddn ddi sdng cia ngudi ndng din, cin chu y den thu nhip vi chi tieu trung binh cia gia dinh hg Sd ueu thu dugc cho thi'y thu nhip trung binh/hd tai eac didm khao sit la 4.562.130 ddng/thing vi mOc chi li 4.584.780 ddng/thang Cd thd thi'y ngudi ndng din tai cic didm khio sit cd mtte chi tidu cao hon so vdi mOe thu nhap khoang 200 nghin ddng/thang Didu eho thay kha nang cd tidn tidt kiem cia ngudi ndng din miu nghidn cOu li khdng nhidu Kdt qua nghien cOu ettng cho thi'y, thu nhip binh quin cia cac hd gia dinh tip trung nhidu mOc 3.000.000d/thang Thu nhip binh quin/thing gitta cae hd ed khoang each chdnh Idch Cu the cd 23,4% sd hd thu nhip dudi 2.000.000d; 39,8% - thu nhip tO tren 2.0o6.000d den 4.000.000d; 20,6% - thu nhip to 4.000.000d ddn 6.000.000d; 11,3% thu nhip tO 6.000.000d ddn lO.OOO.OOOd; 4,8% - cd thu nhip tren lO.OOO.OOOd Nhttng hg gia dinh cd thu nhap thi'p li nhung hg ngodi gii, neo don, khdng cd kha ning lam viec, cudc sd'ng chi ydu phu thugc vio trg cip eua dia phuang, ty eung ty ci'p cic thye phim eho gia dinh NhOng noi dd thi hda manh, thu nhap trung binh cia cic hg ndng dan cao hon so vdi nhung dd thj yen gan 1,8 trieu ddng/thing Tuy nhien, mOc chi trung binh hing thing d nhOng vung khu vyc dd thj hda manh lai thi'p hdn so vdi noi dd thj ye'u Sy chenh lech khdng cd y nghTa vd mat thd'ng ke, nhung nd dat cho cic nha nghidn cOu tidp tue tim hidu vd co ciu ehi tieu tai khu vyc vdi mOc dd thj hda khac Xem xet lech chuin cua trung binh thu nhip theo mOc dd thj hda eho thi'y cd sy phin hda tucmg dd'i rd ret nhttng vung cd mOc dd thj hda manh Dieu niy dugc hidu li tai nhung vung cd mue dd thj hda manh, khoang each thu nhap gitta eie hd Idn hon khoang cich Ihu nhip d vung dd thj hda yeu Tuy nhien, xem xet trung binh chi tieu cho thi'y co ci'u ehi tieu giua vung dd thj hda Ii gin tucmg ddng MOe thu nhip hai vung dd thj hda li khdng nhu nhau, nhung mOc chi tieu lai tuong ddng cho thi'y TAP CHi TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), 3-2013 Idi sdng eua ngu&i ndng din, hg khdng mud'n khae biet vdi mgi ngudi xung quanh Ldi sd'ng niy hoin loan khic vdi ldi sdng cia ngudi dd thj - ludn thd hidn sy ndi trdi vcfri nhiing ngucri xung quanh Bdng 1: Thu nhgp trung binh vd chi lieu trung binh hdng thdng ciia ede hp ddn khu vuc dd thi hda MOc thi hoa (DTH) Thu nhap trung binh ciia gia dinh/ thing (ddng) Do lech ehuan (DLC) (ddng) Chi trung binh cua gia dinh/ thing (ddng) Do lech ehuan (DLC) (ddng) Chung 4.S62.130 3.727.S68 4.584.780 3.352.836 DTH manh 4.676.120 4.294.281 4532.510 3.416.165 DTH ye'u 4.497.300 3.367.056 4.617.800 3.316.414 - Trung binh cua long thu nhdp Id long sd lien thu dugc cda hd Irong tiidng chia cho long sd' ngudi trd Idt: • Trung binh cua ldng chi lieu la trung binh cua tdng sd lien dd chi thdng chia cho long sd ngudi trd ldi cd chi d bdt ciimuc ndo Thu nhip trung binh theo diu ngudi la 1.073.626 ddng/ngu&i/thing vdi dd lech ehuin li 1.056.139 ddng/ngu&i/thing Ke't qui tuong ducmg vdi sd lieu cua Tdng Cue Thdng Ke, theo dd, thu nhip binh quin diu ngudi d cie vung ndng thdn khoang 1.070.000 ddng/ngu&i/thing (Theo Tdng Cyc Thd'ng Ke, 2010) Trong nghien eihi niy, 50% sd hd din cd mOc thu nhip trung binh dudi 800.000 ddng/ngu6i/thing Vdi sd niy, chung ta thi'y thu nhip binh quan diu ngudi miu nghidn cihi cao hdn nhidu so vdi mOc ngheo va can ngheo theo Chuin ngheo mdi ap dung cho giai doan 2011 - 2015 Theo dd, d khu vyc ndng thdn, nhung hd cd thu nhap binh quin tO 400.000 ddng/ngodi/thang trd xudng vi khu vuc thinh thj, mOc thu nhip binh quin tO 500.000 ddng/ngu&i/thing trd xudng dugc xem la hd ngheo; Hd cin ngheo la nhflng hd cd mOc thu nhip binh quin tO 401.000 ddng dd'n 520.000 ddng/ngu&i/thing (khu vyc ndng thdn) va ttt 501.000 ddng dd'n 650.000 ddng/ngudi/thang ddi vdi khu vyc thj Tuy nhieu, ndu chung ta coi nhttng didm nghien cOu niy li ndng thdn thi cd khoing 18,2% hd din cd mOc thu nhip tO 400.000d/ngudi/thing trd xud'ng thude hd ngheo va 9,6% hd cin ngheo Ngugc lai, neu cot cic dia bin niy li thinh thi, thi khoang 27,8% hd din hd thude dien ngheo vi 19,8% hg gia dinh thudc dien cin ngheo TAP CHI'TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 85 Cich nhin cho chung ta thi'y nhOng ngudi dan cic khu vuc dd thi hda rit cd thd se ddi mat vdi viec hg se la nhttng hd ngheo thi Bdng 2: Thu nhgp vd ehi lieu hdng thdng theo dia bdn nghien cdu Thu nhap binh quan ngudi theo thiing Trung binh chi lieu hO gia dinh theo thang Thu nhap trung binh cia hd gia dinh theo Ihang Tinh SO luong Trung binh DLC Ha Tay 114 981.5466 675.688 Thai Binh 130 1.125.678 1.040.682 Hud 145 1248.054 1.510.654 Cin Tho 121 970.941 1.029.526 Long An 121 1.001.479 638.515 Tdng 631 1.074.271 1.056.852 2.130.563 Ha Tay 113 3.979.730 Thai Binh 131 4.377.020 3.066.670 Hue' 136 5.453.680 4.487.585 CSnTho 102 4.379.360 3.567.919 Long An 124 4571.900 2.739.244 Tdng 606 4.584.840 3.355.605 HaTSy 114 4176.320 2.845.779 Thai Binh 131 3.951.150 3.141.108 Hue 149 5.537.580 4.959.205 CSnTho 122 4664.750 3.980.031 Long An 123 4.291.540 2.725.311 Tdng 639 4.563.000 3.730 421 Ghi chu: Thu nhdp trung binh ngudilthdng = Thu nhdp Irung binh hdllhdng chia cho sd ngudi hp gia dinh MOe dd thi hda it nhidu ed anh hudng de'n thu nhip cua ngucri din tai khu vye dd Thu nhap binh quan diu ngudi d nhttng khu vyc dd thi hda manh la 1.145.945 tridu ddng/thing, DLC = 1.129.886 trieu ddng/thing, cao hem so vdi khu vuc ed mOc dd dd thj hda thi'p (1.033.646 trieu ddng/thang, DLC = 1.012.290 tridu ddng/thing) Sy chenh Idch thu nhip giua nhdm din cu niy khdng nhidu, nhung cd y nghTa vd mat thd'ng ke (p = 0,00001) TAP CHI TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), 3-2013 Khi so sinh mOc thu nhip theo dja ban nghien cOu, kdt qua thu duge cho thiy Hud la noi cd thu nhip binh quan theo thing cung nhu theo diu ngu&i uong hd gia dinh cao hon so vdi khu vye edn lai Dac biet cao hon Thii Binh gin 1,5 trieu ddng/thing Khic biet niy ed thd tai thdi didm khio sat, ngucri din Hud dang qua trinh nhin tidn ddn h i di't Hg coi tidn ddn bu di't li khoan thu nhip, didu lam thu nhap va chi tidu cua ngudi din tai diy cao hon ding kd so vdi cic khu vye lai Bdng 3: Nghe nghidp vdi thu nhgp vd chi tieu ciia ngudi ddn khu vuc dd thi hda Nghe Thu nhap trung binh ciia gia dinh Thu nhap DLC (dong) trung binh (ddng) Chi trung binh cua gia dinh Thu nhap DLC trung binh (dong) (ddng) NOng nghiep 4.071.680 3.209.940 4.006.020 2.540.709 Nghd phu 6.305.560 6.797.791 6.090.590 6.255.503 BuOn ban vat 4.029.170 4.630.004 4815.910 4.559.304 Kinh doanh 7.566.670 5.095.049 6.467.860 3.180.204 Lam thue 6n dinh 6.687.500 4.712.730 4.925.000 2.824131 Lam thue khOng dn dinh 4.700.000 4933.927 4.731.820 5.175.049 Dich vu 6.750.000 4596.194 7.175.000 5.409.367 Can bo nha nude 5.667.500 3.487.515 6.494.640 3.523.720 Khac 5.656.760 3.480.465 5.520.290 3.275.807 Co su khac gitta mOc thu nhip vi mOc ehi tidu cua cie hg din theo nghd chi'nh cua ngu&i tra ldi Lim ndng nghiep, budn bin vit vi Iim thud khdng dn dinh Ii nhOng cdng vide mang lai thu nhip thi'p hdn so vdi nhung cdng vide khic Thu nhip trung binh cua ba nghe niy khoing trieu ddng/ thing, frong cic edng vide eon lai nhu Iim nghd phu, kinh doanh, cin bd in luong nhi nude mang ddn mOc thu nhip eao hon Sy khac biet vd thu nhip giua eac nghe mang y nghTa thd'ng kd p = 0,00001 MOc chi cua eac hd din theo tinh chi't cdng viec eung khic biet cd y nghTa p = 0,00001 Vdi nh'ong ngo&i cd thu nhip thi'p tO nhttng cdng viee lam ndng nghiep, budn ban vit va lim thud khdng dn dinh, mtte chi gin vdi mOc thu nhip Su khic biet vd mOc thu nhap theo nghd nghidp d day phan nao phan TAP CHi TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 87 inh xa hdi dang dat trgng vio nhOng cdng viec kinh doanh budn bin Trong dd, Viet Nam la mdt di't node cd ldi thd vd ndng nghidp, nhung hidn vide phat tridn ndng nghiep tai Vidt Nam dang gap nhidu lung tung Khi dd eip de'n Tdi sdn mem cua Viet Nam (httv:lllitunvieiiiam.nell 20I2-()9-2H-tai-san-mctn-eua-vict-tiain) TS Alanh Phan (2012) cho ring Viet Nam cd thd din diu cic nude khu vyc ASEAN ndu bid't phat tridn ddng bd ndng nghidp vi cdng nghe thdng tin Didu dng mudn dd cip d diy la Viet Nam cin phat tridn ndng nghiep edng nghe cao dd tao nhung san phim sach, an loan eho tieu dung dam bao chi't lugng qudc tc quy djnh Vide so dung cdng nghe thdng tin vi tri thOe tre dd quing bi chit ludng se tao bd mat miii cho ndng thdn Viet Nam Bang sd lieu dudi diy cho ching ta thi'y cu thd cic khoin chi thing cia cic hd gia dinh Bdng 4: Cde khodn chi trung binh I Ihdng gia dinh Sdluong Trung binh cac khoiin chi theo thang (ddng) DLC (ddng) An udng 580 2.006.290 384.100 Sinh hoai phi 566 402.610 371.875 Hoc tap 438 1.162.440 1.176.867 Vui choi giai tri 194 391.570 524 798 SOc kh(3e 475 393.280 400.908 Ddng gdp cho cOng ddng 474 426,820 419.746 Mua sam 373 507.910 511.439 Tift kiem 144 1.131.940 1.512.554 Khac 76 752.500 1.256.841 ThO bac chi tieu Ghi chit Trung binh chi d cdc ngi dung chi cu the Id Irung binh chi ctia sd ngudi trd ltd co chi cho npi dung - Khoan chi cia cae hg dan miu nghien cOu tip trung nhidu nhi't vao khoan an udng vi giio due Cd thd thi'y chi tieu cua cic hd din vin la phuc vu nhu ciu thidt ydu eho gia dinh Ndu edng ea sinh boat phi vi an udng cia cic hd gia dinh lai, thi ti le chi cho nhu ciu thidt ydu phuc vu sinh boat cia gia dinh chidm gin 60% tren tdng thu nhip trung binh cua hd, chi tieu cho giao due ehie'm 33% Trong mgt nghien ettu cua Ngin hang Thd gidi nam 2008 vd TAP CHi TAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), 3-2013 Chuang trinh so sinh Qude td da ehia ehi tieu ca nhan trdn loan ciu thinh 11 nhdm chi Tap chi Forbes da trich mdt bOc tranh vd sy phin cip tieu dung tai 18 nude, dd phin bd chi tidu ei nhin cia ngudi dan Vidt Nam cho cie phin chi bit budc nhu ciu td'i thidu (in udng, sinh hoat phi va tidu dung cho quin io, giiy ddp) chidm khoang 50% tieu ding ea nhin, dd, cic nude phat tridn la 25% (My), 35% (Nhit), 33% (Phin Lan, tJc) (din theo Phan Thj Mai Huong, Vien Tim ly hgc, 2012) - Khoan chi it nhi't mi cic hd gia dinh sO dung la chi eho cic boat ddng vui chdi giii trt, trung binh Ii 391.570d Dd lech chuin khoan ehi vui ehoi giai trt cho thi'y cd so phin hda ehi tieu eho hoat ddng niy, cd nhung ngudi khdng chi tidn cho boat ddng niy, hay ndi cich khae, hoat ddng vui chdi giai trt khdng nim ke hoach chi tidu hang thing cia mdt sd hd eu din ndng thdn bd'i canh dd thj hda Bdng 5: Ti le cdc khodn ehi tieu so vdi trung binh thu nhdp Sdluong Ti le (%) An udng 550 0,5260 DLC (%) 0,31018 • Sinh hoat phi 538 0,1069 0,09536 Giao due 418 0,3314 0,41238 Vui choi giai Iri 186 0,0760 0,08840 SOc khde 452 0,1097 0,12133 Ddng gdp cOng ddng 450 0,1158 0,12154 Mua sdm 356 0,1228 0,14292 Tidl kiem 139 0,1530 0,13848 Khac 70 0,1167 0,11896 Ghi dm: Ti le chi d cdc ndi dung chi cu the so vdi thu nhdp trung bmh cda hp gia dinh - Ti Ie ngu&i cho ring gia dinh hg cd dd dinh tidn tidt kidm ttt thu nhap cia gia dinh chi chiem 1/4 (24%) miu nghien cOu, vdi mOc tidn tidt kidm trung binh khoang 1,1 trieu ddng/thing Sd tidn tidt kiem trung binh ehi tinh rieng eho nhttng nhttng hd cd khoan ehi niy, cdn nhttng bd khdng cd khoan chi niy thi khdng dua vio phin ti'ch Gii tri dd lech chuin tidn tiet kiem eho thiy, cd sy khae biet 16n gitta cic hd gia dinh viec dd danh tidn tidt kiem Cd nhttng ngudi dd danh duge rit nhidu nhung cd nhttng ngu&i dd danh dugc ri't It TAP CHi TAM ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 Kdt qua nghien cOu khdng cho thiy cd su khac biet ed y nghTa thdng ke vd chi tieu gitta cac nhdm theo cic tieu cht nhu nghd chi'nh eua gia dinh, mOe dd dd thj hda Bdng 6: Cde khodn chi theo mice dp dd thi hda DTD manh DLC •So Trung binh (ddng) cac khoan Immg chi theo thang (ddng) DTH yeu Sd Trung luong binh cac khoiin chi theo thang (ddng) 359 DLC (ddng) An udng 1.892.530 221 1.196.700 2.076.320 Sinh hoat phi 404 540 216 458.155 401.41 350 1.485.055 307.515 Hoc tap 1.182.840 169 1.143.877 1.149.630 269 1.199.062 Vui choi giai tri 367.920 77 433.670 407.140 117 578.270 SOc khoe 441.900 179 477.268 363.890 296 344.251 Ddng gdp cho cOng ddng 420,410 184 437.250 430.900 290 408.968 Mua sam 561,330 150 660.032 471.970 223 377,744 Tiei kiem 021.000 70 1.753.077 1.106.390 83 1.234.914 Khac 507.740 31 647.424 921.110 45 1.528.238 Ghi chii: - Trung btnh chi d cdc npi dung chi cu the Id trung binh chi ctia sd ngudi cd chi cho not dung dd: - Trung binh cua long chi lieu la trung btnh cda ldng sdtten ddchi ihdng chia cho tdng so ngudi lid ldi cd chi d bdi ctf muc ndo Ttt nhttng phin ti'eh tren diy, cd thd rut vai didm die trung thu nhip vi ehi tidu tien eia ngudi din ndng thdn bdi canh dd thj hda Khi dd thj hda didn ra, thu nhap cua ngudi din dja bin cia nghien cttu niy kha da dang, ddn tO nhidu ngudn khic Thu nhip binh quan ngudi theo thing tuang duong sd lieu thdng ke eia Tdng cue Thd'ng ke 2010 vd mOc thu nhip vung ndng thdn, nhung mOc chi tieu theo mOc cua dd thj Vdi mOc thu nhip va mOc ehi tieu cic gia dinh thudc dien khao sat, hg cd nguy co trd nhttng hd ngheo cua dd thj Vi didu niy tao khoang cich thu nhip gitta cic hd din ngiy cang eao MOe thu nhip thi'p, ndn cic hd gia dinh tho&ng chi tieu he't hoac nhidu hon so vdi thu nhip cia hg Do viy, ti le ngu&i ed tien tie't kidm khdng nhidu 90 TAP CHITAM Ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 Dd d6i sd'ng cua ngucii ndng din bdi canh dd thj hda dugc nang cao va dn dinh, doi hdi cac cip, cie nganh tO dja phoong ddn trung uong cin cd chidn luge tao nghd bdn vttng eho ngu&i ndng din budc vao dd thj hda Chii thi'ch Bai vidt niy la mdt phin kd't qua nghidn cttu cua dd tai "Ddc diem ldm ly xd hdi cua cpng ddng citddn ndng thdn bdi cdnh dd tin hda" tac gia cung vdi nhdm nghidn cOu cua PGS.TS Phan Thi Mai Huong tidn hinh Tai lieu tham khao Toan bd sd lidu dugc sO dung bai vidt dugc liy tO dd tai Nghien ciru ldm ly xd hpi cda citddn ndng thdn bdi cdnh dd thi hda PGS.TS Phan Thi Mai Huong, TS Ld van Hao, ThS Dd Thi Ld Hang va nhttng ngudi khac tien hanh nam 2011 2012 Vidn Tam ly hge, Bao cao tdng kd't dd tai cap Bd: Dgo ddc Idi sdng nien hien nay, Dd tai dugc thuc hidn bdi TS Nguydn Thi Hoa, ThS Dd Thi Ld Hing, PGS.TS Phan Thi Mai Huong, ThS Td Thuy Hanh va Ld Thi Thu Hien, 20i2 Chi thi sd 1752/Cr-TTg 21 - - 2010 cua Thu tudng Chinh phii vd Chuin ngheo mdi ap dung cho giai doan 2011 - 2015 Ngan hang thd gidi, Bdo cdo dd thi hda d Viet Nam, Bio cao hd trg ky thuat, thang 11/2011 TrSn Kidu, Vu Trgng Ry, Ha Nhat Thang, Luu Thu Thuy, Thuc trgng vd gidi phdp gido due dgo difc, tu tifdng chinh tri, Idi sdng cho nien hgc sinh, sinh vien Iro chie'n luge phdt trien todn dien ngifdi Viet Nam thdi ky cdng nghiep hda, hien d hda ddt nude, NXB Van boa - Thdng tin Ha Ndi, 2001, tr 10 TAP CHiTAM ly HOC, Sd (168), - 2013 91 ... 1.528.238 Ghi chii: - Trung btnh chi d cdc npi dung chi cu the Id trung binh chi ctia sd ngudi cd chi cho not dung dd: - Trung binh cua long chi lieu la trung btnh cda ldng sdtten ddchi ihdng chia cho... Khac 76 752.500 1.256.841 ThO bac chi tieu Ghi chit Trung binh chi d cdc ngi dung chi cu the Id Irung binh chi ctia sd ngudi trd ltd co chi cho npi dung - Khoan chi cia cae hg dan miu nghien cOu... khoan thu nhip, didu lam thu nhap va chi tidu cua ngudi din tai diy cao hon ding kd so vdi cic khu vye lai Bdng 3: Nghe nghidp vdi thu nhgp vd chi tieu ciia ngudi ddn khu vuc dd thi hda Nghe Thu