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PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT (CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ CHỈ KẾT QUẢ) I Cụm từ kết (phrases of result) Cụm từ kết thường có TOO (quá) ENOUGH (đủ) TOO (quá không thể) S + be (look, seem, become, get ) + too + adj (+ for + O) + to-infinitive S + V(thường) + too + adv (+ for + O) + to-infinitive Ex: He is too short to play basketball Tom ran too slowly to become the winner of the race This book is too dull for you to read Lưu ý: Too thường dùng câu có nghĩa phủ định (quá không thể). ENOUGH (đủ để có thể) S + be + adj + enough (+ for + O) + to-infinitive S + V(thường) + adv + enough (+ for + O) + to-infinitive Ex: Mary isn’t old enough to drive a car She speaks Spanish well enough to be an interpreter It is cold enough to wear a heavy jacket II Mệnh đề trạng ngữ kết (Adverbial clauses off result) Mệnh đề trạng ngữ kết mệnh đề phụ dùng để kết hành động mệnh đề gây SO THAT (quá đến nỗi) S + be + so +adj main clause S + V (thường) + so + adv+ + that + S + V adverbial clause of result that + S + V Ex: It was so dark that I couldn’t see anything The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class Lưu ý: Nếu động từ mệnh đề động từ chi tri giác look, appear, seem, feel, taste, smell, sound, …, ta dùng công thức với động từ to be Ex: The little girl looks so unhappy that we all feel sorry for her The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more - Nếu sau so có many, much, few, little ta có cấu trúc: S + V + so + many/few + plural countable noun + that + S + V (danh từ đếm số nhiều) Ex: The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team I had so few job offers that it wasn’t difficult to select one There are so many people in S + V + so + much/ little + uncountable noun + that + S + V (danh từ không đếm được) the room that I feel tired Ex: He has invested so much money in the project that he can’t abandon it now The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat Một cấu trúc khác SO THAT S + V + so + adj + a + singular countable noun + that (danh từ đếm số ít) Ex: It was so hot a day that we decided to stay indoors It was so interesting a book that he couldn’t put it down SUCH THAT (quá đến nỗi) S + V + such + (a/ an) + adj + N + that + S + V Ex: It was such a hot day that we decided to stay at home She has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her There are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one It is such an intelligent boy that we all admire him This is such difficult homework that I will never finish it EXERCISES I Use SO or SUCH The sun shone brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses Dean was a powerful swimmer that he always won the races There were few students registered that the class was cancelled We had wonderful memories of that place that we decided to return We had good a time at the party that we hated to leave The benefit was great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it It was a nice day that we decided to go to the beach Jane looked sick that the nurse told her to go home Those were difficult assignments that we spent two weeks finishing them 10 Ray called at an early hour that we weren’t awake yet 11 The book looked interesting that he decided to read it 12 He worked carefully that it took him a long time to complete the project 13 We stayed in the sun for a long time that we became sunburned 14 There were many people on the bus that we decided to walk 15 The program was entertaining that nobody wanted to miss it II Make sentences with SO THAT The lesson is very difficult Nobody can understand it The work is very hard I can’t finish it on time This novel was very interesting I couldn’t put it down This song is very simple All of us can sing it My brothers and sisters were very excited about the trip They couldn’t sleep III Make sentences with SUCH THAT The house is very expensive Nobody can buy it The boy is very nice We all like him The weather was very cold We couldn’t go out The room was very dark I couldn’t see anything The day was nice We decided to go to the beach IV Combine two sentences, using so THAT or SUCH THAT The sun shone brightly Maria had to put on her sunglasses Dean was a powerful swimmer He always won the races There were few students registered The class was cancelled The house was beautiful I took a picture of it This coffee is strong I can’t drink it This is a good film I want to see it again and again There was a lot of food Everyone ate too much There were a lot of guests There wasn’t enough food I ate a lot of sandwiches I felt uneasy 10 David has a lot of work to He can’t come tonight 11 He was very sick He was sent to the hospital 12 It was very dark He couldn’t see anything 13 He has very wide knowledge We can’t help admiring him 14 His conduct is very good All his teachers love him 15 Mary has a beautiful voice We all like to hear her sing 16 John is still very weak He can’t walk without a stick 17 My father has a very good health He seldom takes any medicines 18 There is too much noise We can’t learn our lessons 19 My friend is very strong He can lift up the table by himself 20 Bill is an intelligent boy He is always at the top of his class V Use SUCH instead of SO to rewrite the sentences below He is so clever that he can answer all my questions Mr Keller is so rich that he can give the charitable society one million dollars This city is so large that I’ve got lost That day was so nice that all of us went out for a walk This shop is so small that we don’t take notice of it That fish was so big that it could weigh fifty kilos The test we did yesterday was so difficult that we couldn’t finish it an hour The play we saw yesterday was so bad that we went out by halves The story he told us was so funny that I couldn’t help laughing 10 Jane’s conduct is so good that everybody likes her 11 Mary’s voice is so beautiful that we all like to hear her sing 12 Miss Snow’s ring is so valuable that she keeps it very carefully 13 Your dog is so fierce that nobody dares to approach it 14 His house is so beautiful that he doesn’t want to sell it 15 Our car is so old that we must repair it three times a month VI Complete the following sentences That lesson was so difficult that The goods were so good that We enjoyed the music so much that He is such a busy man that They are such big shoes that He spoke so fast that He worked so hard that Distances are so great that The mountains are so high that 10 I have so many things to that 11 This is such a heavy package that 12 It is such a warm day that 13 That was such a good movie that 14 We had such a good time that 15 This is such a difficult lesson that 16 There is so much noise here that 17 That book is so interesting that 18 They are such high mountains that 19 She speaks with such speed that 20 She is such a busy person that VII Use the construction TOO + to-infinitive to rewrite the sentences below It was so cold that we didn’t want to go out 2 Mr Pike is so weak that he can’t walk without a stick The ground is so hard that we can’t dig it The elephant is so big that it can’t run fast Your handwriting is so bad that I can’t read it This man is so old that he can’t work These shoes are so big that I can wear them These goods are so expensive that they can’t be sold quickly She walked so fast that her younger sister couldn’t follow her 10 I got up so late that I didn’t have time to eat breakfast VIII Rewrite the sentences below, using ENOUGH instead of TOO He is too old to wear this coloured shirt She is too weak to carry this bag This pen is too expensive for me to buy Bill is too foolish to understand what I say This bag is too heavy for her to carry The test was too difficult for them to That sentence was too long for me to memorize The land is too poor to grow crops The room is too noisy for us to study 10 This book is too dull to read 11 We were too late to get good seats 12 Jack is too lazy to make progress in his study 13 I’m too poor to help you with the money 14 These oranges are too sour for us to eat 15 The shelf is too high for the boy to reach 16 This road is too dangerous for her to go at night 17 The water in this pool is too dirty to drink 18 Martha is too ugly to have a boyfriend 19 This room is too dark for us to study 20 He studied too badly to pass his exam IX Fill in the blanks with SO MUCH or SO MANY We have problems that we can’t go to bed early Why have you got furniture? There was food that everyone ate too much There were guests that there wasn’t enough food Why did you buy beer? Doctor Simmon has patients that he’s always busy I ate sandwiches that I felt ill My father has work to that he can’t come back home tonight Why did he drink wine? 10 They drank wine that they couldn’t walk 11 His mother asks him to take things that he can’t put all of them into his suitcase 12 There are places of interest in London that Jane can’t decide where to go first 13 It took Jane time to listen to her roommate 14 There was noise in the room that I couldn’t work 15 There are planets in the universe that we can’t count them ... that we decided to return We had good a time at the party that we hated to leave The benefit was great a success that the promoters decided to repeat it It was a nice day that we decided to go... brightly that Maria had to put on her sunglasses Dean was a powerful swimmer that he always won the races There were few students registered that the class was cancelled We had wonderful memories of. .. were few students registered The class was cancelled The house was beautiful I took a picture of it This coffee is strong I can’t drink it This is a good film I want to see it again and again
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