NỘI DUNG ÔN TẬP HỌC KỲ I – TIẾNG ANH Năm Học : 2018- 2019 I/ BASIC TENSES 1.The present simple tense: Form: - Động từ “ to be” : S + am/ is/ are… S + am / is/ are + not… Am / Is / Are + S … ? - Động từ khác: S + v1 / vs / ves … ( v1 : bare infinitive) Use: - Diễn tả thói quen hành động lập lập lại hiên Ex: I get up early everymorning Nga usually goes to school by bicycle - Trong câu thường có trạng từ tần suất như: always , usually , often , sometimes , occasionally , seldom , every day/ week/ month, once a week, twice a year - Diễn tả chân lý thật hiển nhiên Ex: The sun rises in the East and sets in the West - Nhận thức , cảm giác tình trạng Ex: I smell something burning 2.The present progressive tense: Form: S + am / is / are + v-ing… Use: -Hành động thực diễn lúc nói Ex : I am studying English -Trong câu thường có trạng từ thời gian như: now, right now , at present, at the moment Ex: I am reading an interesting book at the moment -Hành động xảy tương lai gần Ex: He is coming tomorrow 3.The present perfect tense: Form: S + have / has + PP (v3 / ved ) … Use: -Hành động vừa xảy Ex: I have just seen my old friend in the street -Hành động diễn khứ không xác định rỏ thời gian Ex: I have visited Ha Noi -Hành động xảy nhiều lần khứ hành đơng cịn đươc lặp lại hoăc tương lai Ex: She really loves that film She has seen it eight times -Hành động xảy khứ kết Ex: Tan lost his keys, but now he has found it Các từ cụm từ thường dùng với hồn thành: already , never , ever , for six days, for a yeear , for a long time , since 1999 , sice January , since last year , since eight o’clock, yet, just , recently, lately… 4.The past simple tense: Form: - Động từ “tobe”: S + was / were… S + was / were + not… Was / Were + S ………? - Động từ khác : S + v2 / ved S + did + not + V1…… Did + S+ V1……? Use: -Hành động bắt đầu kết thúc thời điểm cụ thể khứ Ex: Tom went to Paris last summer Trong câu thường có trạng từ thời gian : last week/ month/ year, ago , yesterday -Hành động xảy suốt quãng thời gian khứ , hoàn toàn chấm dứt Ex: He worked in that bank in four years -Hành động đươc lăp lăp lại xảy thường xuyên khứ Ex: He always carried an umbrella 5.The past perfect tense: From: S + had + P.P (V3/ed) + Use: -Hành động xảy kết thúc trước hành động khứ khác ( hành động xảy trước dùng past perfect , hành động xảy sau dùng past simple) Ex: After the children has finished their homework, they went to bed -Hành động xảy kéo dài đến thời điểm khứ Ex: By the time I met you I had worked in that company for five years 6.The future simple tense: Form: S + Will / shall + v1 ……… Use: Diễn tả việc xảy tương lai câu thường có trạng ngữ thời gian : tomorrow , next week/ month/ year / summer , in 2015… Ex: I will visit you tomorrow NOTES: THE PRONUNCIATION OF –“ED” AND “ S / ES”: 1.Cách phát âm “ ed” : Đi “ed” có cách phát âm : /d/ , /t/ , /id/ /d/: Sau phụ âm hữu ( voiced consonants): b, g,m,l,v,z… tất nguyên âm( vowels) a ,e ,i ,o ,u Ex: tried , cleaned , robbed , clothed , failed , played , saved , used /t/ : Sau phụ âm vô ( unvoiced consonants) p , f , s , k… Ex: stpped , passed , laughed , looked , watched, finished /id/: sau t, d Ex: ended , started , decided , invited 2.Cách phát âm s/es: Đi s / es có cách phát âm : /z/, / s/, / iz/ /s/: sau phụ âm vô : t , p , k… Ex: stops , sits , takes , gets , looks , ropes /z/: sau phụ âm hữu : b ,d , g , m ,n , l , v , nguyên âm Ex: hides , knows , sees , sings , saves ,travls /iz/: sau âm xuýt ( sibilant sounds): s, z … Ex: watches , washes , buzzes , loses , kisses, edges • II/ THE PAST SIMPLE WITH “WISH” * Form: S1 + wish(es) + S2 + V2/ed … To be: were * Động từ “ Wish” thường đươc dùng để diễn tả ước muốn tưởng tượng khơng có thât 1) Diễn tả ước muốn tưởng tượng khơng có thật sau “ wish” ta dùng động từ simple past Nếu động từ “ to be” dùng “ were” cho tất ngơi Ex: I wish I were at the seaside now I wish my parents gave me a motorbike I/ Rewrite the following sentences , beginning with “ I wish” 1) I can’t go to the seashore this weekend 2) She doesn’t want to take part in the game 3) I don’t know many people and I’m lonely 4) I don’t have a key and I need one 5) Helen isn’t here and I need to see her 6) It’s cold and I hate cold weather 7) I have to work tomorrow but I ‘d like to stay in bed 8) I don’t know anything about cars ( and my car has just broken down) 9) I’m not lying on a beautiful sunny beach ( and that ‘s a pity) 10)I live in a big city ( and I don’t like it) III/CONDITIONAL SENTENCES Real condition in the present or future: Tình xảy tương lai If clause Main clause If + S + V1 / Vs / Ves …… S + Will + V1 If + S + am / is / are …… Ex: If it stops snowing , we can go out If you study hard , you will pass your exams I/ Complete the sentences Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form: 1) If you lose your credit card, we (send) …………… a new one within 24 hours 2) If you ( require) ………… … medical help, we ( contact) …………… a local doctor or hospital 3) However, we (lend) ……………… you the money for the fine if you ( not have) ……………………… enough 4) If the earth ( get) ……………… warmer , the sea ( get) ………………… warmer 5) If I see Henry, I (give ) …………………… him your message 6) If the weather (be) ……………… nice tomorrow , we’ll go to the beach 7) He never does his homework, if he (do) …………………… his homework , he ( not worry) ……………………………… about his exams IV/PASSIVE VOICE * Công thức chung: ACTIVE: S + V + O PASSIVE: S + be + pp ( v3 / ved) + by + O * Cách đổi: có bước Đem túc từ (O)câu chủ động làm chủ từ (S) câu bị động Động từ câu chủ động thì động từ “ tobe” chia , cịn động từ chuyển sang ( v3 / ved ) Đem chủ từ (s) câu chủ động xuống làm túc từ đặt sau chữ “ by” * Công thức riêng thì: Passive voice of the present simple tense: S + am / is / are + v3 / ved + by + O Passive voice of the simple past tense: S + was / were + v3 / ved + by + O Passive voice of the present perfect tense: S + have / has + been + v3 / ved + by + O Passive voice of the present continuous tense: S + am / is /are + being + v3 / ved + by + O Passive voice of the past continuous tense: S + were / was + being + v3 / ved + by + O 6.Passive voice of modal verbs: * MODAL VERBS: can , could , will , would , shall, should , may , might , must S + V ( modal) + be + v3 / ved + by + O * NOTES: - Các chủ ngữ I , You , he , she , it , we , they , people , someone , somebody câu chủ động thường đươc bỏ , không dùng câu bị động - Vị trí trạng từ cụm trạng từ câu bị động: + Trạng từ cách thức thường đứng be khứ phân từ ( pp) Các trạng từ khác thường đứng sau trợ động từ + Trạng từ cụm trạng từ nơi chốn đứng trước by + O + Trạng từ cụm từ thời gian đứng sau by + O Change the following sentences into passive voice: 1/ The zoo keepers feed the animals twice a day 2/ The lava has destroyed thousands of homes 3/ The volcano will affect the Earth’s climate 4/ Mai doesn’t write this letter 5/ They have built our school library for three months 6/ Somebody is cleaning the classroom at the moment 7/ They have changed the date of the meeting 8/ She hasn’t finished the letter yet 9/ The doctor ordered him to take a long rest 10/ Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party 11/ The mechanic is repairing Judy’s car V/REPORTED SPEECH ( INDIRECT SPEECH) A: STATEMENTS: 1.Đổi động từ giới thiệu sans “ said” “ told” 2.Khi đổi câu trưc tiếp ( statements) sang gián tiếp, ta đổi yếu tố ngơi , động từ trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn a) Ngôi: - Đổi thứ phù hợp với chủ từ mệnh đề - Đổi thứ phù hợp với túc từ mệnh đề - Ngơi thứ khơng đổi b) Thì động từ: DIRECT SPEECH 1.Present simple : V1 2.Present progressive: am/ is /are + ving 3.Present perfect : has/have + pp( v3/ved ) 4.Past simple : v2/ ved 5.Past progressive: was/ were + ving 6.Past perfect: had + v3 7.Future simple: will/ shall + v1 can 9.may 10.must REPORTED SPEECH 1.Past simple: V2/Ved 2.Past progressive: was/were + ving 3.Past perfect: had + v3 Past perfect: had + v3 5.Was/ Were + Ving 6.Past perfect: had + v3 7.Would/ should + V1 could 9.might 10.had to c) Trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH 1.today/ tonight that day / that night yesterday the day before last week the week before ago before now then tomorrow the following day next week the following week this that these those 10 here 10 there Ex: He said to me , “ I and you will go with her father next week He told me (that ) he and I would go with her father the following week S + said ( to + O ) that + S + V… S + told + O + that + S + V……… B YES / NO QUESTIONS: 1.Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang : “asked” 2.Thêm if whether vào trước câu gián tiếp 3.Đổi câu hỏi thành câu xác định Khi đổi câu có/ khơng ( Yes/No Questions ) sang gián tiếp ta đổi yếu tố ngơi, động từ trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn Ex: He said to me “ will you go with her father next week?” He asked me if/ whether I would go with my father the following week S + asked + O + if/ whether + S + V…… C: WH- QUESTIONS 1.Đổi động từ giới thiệu sang “asked” Giữ nguyên nghi vấn từ: Who / What/ Where/ How…… 3 Đổi câu hỏi thành câu xác định Khi đổi câu hỏi ( Wh- Questions) sang gián tiếp , ta đổi yếu tố ngơi, động từ trạng từ thời gian nơi chốn Ex: He said to me , “ Why did you go with her father last week?” He asked me why I had gone with my father the week before S + asked + O + wh- + S + V…… Change these sentences into Reported Speech: 1/ Nam said “ I am told to be at school before o’clock” 2/ Thu said “ All the students will have a meeting next week” 3/ The man said to us “I have worked here for ten years” 4/ The teacher said “ We collect old book for the poor student” 5/ She said “ She doesn’t buy this book” 6/ “Do you wear uniform to school?” He asked me 7/Nga said to me, “ Will you engage in our school activities?” 8/ “ Are you fond of pop music, Mai?” said Hoa 9/ She asked me,“Will you go with me?” 10/ He asked “How long is this river?” 11/ I said to my father, “When will you leave for Ha Noi?” 12/ “What are you doing now?” Mary asked Tom 13/ Mrs White asked him, “How you go to school?” 14/ “What subject are you interested in , Tom?” said Anne VI/ TAG QUESTIONS: Câu hỏi đuôi câu hỏi ngắn, thường đặt cuối câu Có dạng câu hỏi đuôi Câu khẳng định + đuôi phủ định Ex: It’s very cold, isn’t it? They go to school by bus, don’t they? Câu phủ định + đuôi khẳng định Ex: I shouldn’t this, should I? They don’t like it, they? * Lưu ý: a) Dùng aren’t I không dùng am I not? Ex: Iam late, aren’t I? b) Dùng câu yêu cầu đề nghị Ex: Close the door, will you? Don’t ever that again, will you? Câu yêu cầu khẳng định Ex: Do me a favour, could/ can you? c) Let’s …… , shall we? Ex: Let’s go for coffee, shall we? Complete the sentennces with the correct tag questions: His mother is very proud of him,………………? The lift isn’t working today,………………? You are afraid of dogs,……………? She doesn’t believe you,…………….? I haven’t met you before,…………….? The childdren weren’t surprised,…………… ? Your sister can speak English well,…………….? He didn’t wake you up this morning,……………? VII/ GERUND AFTER SOME VERBS Like, dislike, love, hate, avoid, enjoy, finish, mind, suggest, stop, consider, deny, miss, keep on …+ Ving (gerund) Put the verbs in brackets into the gerund: a) I don’t enjoy (go) ……… to the dentist’s b) I love (stay) ………… in bed and (read) ……… a novel on a rainy day c) She likes (watch) ……… cartoon film d) She likes (listen) ……… to music on the way to school e) He dislikes (wash up)…………on winter day VIII/ ADVERB CLAUSES OF RESULT SO + RESULT… Vì vậy, thế… Exercise Join the sentences using “so”: Ex: They didn’t have enough money.They didn’t buy the house They didn’t have enough money, so they didn’t buy the house a) The traffic was heavy It took me one extra hour to get to the office b) It was very noisy She couldn’t sleep c) The film was boring I decided to go home e) She’s very hard working All of us like her IX/ PREPOSITIONS OF TIME Teacher asks Ss to tell some prepositions and its usage, then the exercise Exericise Fill in the blanks with the correct preposition: a) Most flowering trees bloom………………….April b) The film started ………………….seven thirty c) Leaves turn color ………………….the autumn d) This city looks very myterious ………………… night e) Most college football games are ………………….Saturday f) It happened ………………… Monday night g) The most dangerous earthquake in Japan occurred ………………… 1923 h) I often take a nap ………………… noon IIX/SPEAKING - Teacher gives Ss some topics as the tittle of each unit and asks Ss to study new words and prepare some possible answers in order to answer teacher’s questions - The exam consists of two steps: o Students choose a topic to present The partner listens and asks questions o Students answer the questions A visit from a pen pal Clothing A trip to the countryside Learning a foreign language The media ... dùng với hồn thành: already , never , ever , for six days, for a yeear , for a long time , since 199 9 , sice January , since last year , since eight o’clock, yet, just , recently, lately… 4.The past... I ‘d like to stay in bed 8) I don’t know anything about cars ( and my car has just broken down) 9) I’m not lying on a beautiful sunny beach ( and that ‘s a pity) 10)I live in a big city ( and... he (do) …………………… his homework , he ( not worry) ……………………………… about his exams IV/PASSIVE VOICE * Công thức chung: ACTIVE: S + V + O PASSIVE: S + be + pp ( v3 / ved) + by + O * Cách đổi: có bước