... and risk tiring your readers. Avoid unnecessary words. You should have less than 20 words per sentence on the average; avoid more than 35 words in the longest sentence. Sentences like this ... (expectation) and common sense (error bars are Guide for writing technical reports 14 4 Language aspects 4.1 Concise and simple sentences The writing style should be precise, clear and scientific. ... overstressed construction, which happens for example when too many words are squeezed in-between the subject and the related verb. Keep related words together. Instead of: The lab equipment that we borrowed...
... and the formal writing down of a new government'sprinciples.Because words must constantly be adapted to a changingworld, no neat one-to-one correspondence exists between words and meanings. ... compound is always designated in words by sodium chloride. The common term salt, in contrast,has a number of meanings, and we must depend on the con-text (that is, the words around it) to clarify ... cosine. We may think ofsuch words as small and nucleus, so to speak.They have no circle of connotations aroundConnotation looms larger than denotation in other cases.Some words have large and diffuse...
... than by any single word. Each of these phrases is dead: Writing poetry requires experience as well as sensibility. A prereq-uisite to writing poetry is being able to write prose. dislike television. ... remember that extremecaution in writing is more often a vice than a virtue.A false sense of what is significant, confusion about whatyou want to say, ignorance of words, and timidity, then, aresome ... spendstwenty words explaining what kind of music he means. Howmuch easier to have begunPopular music is similar to dress fads. . . .Sometimes deadwood stems from ignorance of words. That's...
... Vocabulary:DictionariesVocabulary is best extended by reading and writing. Memo-rizing lists of words has dubious value. The words are ab-stracted from any context, so that while you may learn ... last knownexample in the case of obsolete words or meanings). The datedcitations make the OED indispensable for scholars studyingthe history of words or ideas.On the other hand, the OED is ... means stringing together anumber of words, all the same part of speech and grammati-cally parallel, that is, connected to the same thing. Most com-monly the words are a series of verbs serving...
... Cataloging-in-Publication DataHancock, Elise.Ideas into words: mastering the craft of science writing / Elise Hancock.p. cm.ISBN 0-8018-7329-0 — ISBN 0-8018-7330-41. Technical writing. I. Title.T11 .H255 2003808′.0665—dc21 ... intentionally left blank
... Elise’s “educated curious”; this made it “science writ-ing,” not “scientific writing or “technical writing. ” Science writing is so hard to do well because it dares aim intellectu-ally formidable ... material you shouldhold off writing, think things through first; begin writing only “when you’re clear enough that you won’t go wrong.” Inever get that clear. I use the act of writing itself to find ... ad-vice that a title came last, after the hard work of writing. Yethere Elise reveals it for the profound compositional trick itreally is. Writing a headline, she writes, “will force you toget...
... language writing: Assessment issues. In B. Kroll(Ed.), Second language writing (pp. 69-86). Cambridge: Cambridge UniversityPress.Hamp-Lyons, L. (1991a). Reconstructing academic writing ... vagueness in academic writing. In E. Ventola & A.Mauranen (Eds,.), Academic writing (pp. 1-18). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Myers, G. (1999). Interaction in writing: Principles ... Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Dong, Y. R. (1998). From writing in their native language to writing in English: WhatESL students bring to our writing classroom. College English, 8(2), 87-105.Dudley-Evans,...
... impersonally. When writing subjec-tively, he or she is no longer an impartial observer, but ratherenters into what is perceived. Point of view—in most cases—becomes personal; and words have overtones ... Thesaurus of English Words andPhrases, Classified and Arranged so as to Facilitate the Ex-pression of Ideas and Assist in Literary Composition. Rogetdevised a system of grouping words in numbered ... of descriptive writing must fall. Most de-scriptions involve both, in varying degrees. Generally, how-ever, one mode will dominate and fix the focus. In scientificand legal writing, for instance,...
... encumbered by her luggage, so I offered to carry two of her bags.)enervate (v.) to weaken, exhaust (Writing these sentences enervates me so much that I will have to take a nap after I finish.)enfranchise ... characterized by sick sentimentality (Although some nineteenth- century critics viewed Dickens’s writing as mawkish, contemporary readers have found great emotional depth in his works.)maxim ... aversion to autumn, winter, and cold climates in general.) The 1000 most common sat words SAT Vocabulary A abhor (v.) to hate, detest (Because...
... network connecting English and for-eign words. We use this network to iden-tify the semantic orientation of foreign words based on connection between words in thesame language as well as multilingual ... has17561 unique words and 7822 synsets. The HindiWordnet (Narayan et al., 2002; S. Jha, 2001) has56,928 unique words and 26,208 synsets.In addition, we used three lexicons with words la-beled ... source of seed labeled words. The lexicon con-tains 4206 words, 1915 of which are positive and2291 are negative. For Arabic and Hindi we con-structed a labeled set of 300 words for each language0102030405060708090100Arabic...
... coherent scene; the words in a segment a~e linked together via lexical cohesion relations. LCP records mutual similarity of words in a sequence of text. The similarity of words, which represents ... cohesive). LCP V ~ LCP olo o o o olo[o o ] words Figure 2. Correlation between LCP and text segments. 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 loo 2;o 4oo i (words) Figure 3. An example of LCP (using rectangular ... determined not only by reiteration of words but also by lexical cohesion. Morris and Hirst (1991) used Roget's the- saurus to determine whether or not two words have lexical cohesion. Their...