ultrasonography x ray and clinical examination with mri as standard reference method
Báo cáo y học: "Ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, and clinical assessment of inflammatory and destructive changes in fingers and toes of patients with psoriatic arthritis" pot
... ultrasonography, x- ray, and clinical examination, with MRI as standard reference method Sensitivities and specificities of US, x- ray, and clinical examination, with MRI as the standard reference method, ... x- ray, and clinical examination, with MRI as the standard reference method US sensitivity US specificity X- ray sensitivity X- ray specificity Clinical examination sensitivity Clinical examination ... exclusively, in PsA Observations by ultrasonography, MRI, and x- ray in the MRI- examined hand The observations by US, MRI, and x- ray in the MRI- examined hand are listed in Table Both US and MRI...
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báo cáo hóa học:" What do standard radiography and clinical examination tell about the shoulder with cuff tear arthropathy?" pptx
... patients as type 1, 53 patiens as type 2, 27 patients as type 3, 48 patients as type 4a, 94 patients as type 4b, 27 patients as type and 33 patients as centered omarthrosis (Figure 1) On CT- or MRI- ... uses in assessing rater reliability Psychological Bulletin 1979, 86:420-28 doi:10.1186/1749-79 9X- 6-1 Cite this article as: Middernacht et al.: What standard radiography and clinical examination ... measured between m and a line parallel with C drawn through point (Figure 2) The distance between point m and the D-line was also measured The upward migration index [17] was calculated; coracoid...
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báo cáo hóa học:" What do standard radiography and clinical examination tell about the shoulder with cuff tear arthropathy?" docx
... patients as type 1, 53 patiens as type 2, 27 patients as type 3, 48 patients as type 4a, 94 patients as type 4b, 27 patients as type and 33 patients as centered omarthrosis (Figure 1) On CT- or MRI- ... uses in assessing rater reliability Psychological Bulletin 1979, 86:420-28 doi:10.1186/1749-79 9X- 6-1 Cite this article as: Middernacht et al.: What standard radiography and clinical examination ... measured between m and a line parallel with C drawn through point (Figure 2) The distance between point m and the D-line was also measured The upward migration index [17] was calculated; coracoid...
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Báo cáo y học: "proximal interphalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparison with magnetic resonance imaging, conventional radiography and clinical examination" pdf
... between clinical examination and MRI on signs of inflammation) was 0.72 Grading of synovitis with ultrasonography and MRI exhibited moderate-to-good correlations, as expressed by ICCs (twoway mixed ... joints and 199 second to fifth PIP joints from 40 RA patients and 20 control persons were evaluated with ultrasonography, MRI and clinical examination Agreement between ultrasonography and MRI regarding ... patients with radiography, in 20 with MRI, and in 20 with ultrasonography (15 simultaneously with MRI) Eleven patients with erosions on radiography were identified as having erosions with MRI and...
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Báo cáo y học: " The Chinese version of the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised scale: Replication and extension to non-clinical and clinical individuals with OCD symptoms" pps
... validity and satisfactory convergent validity It has been shown to discriminate patients with OCD from non -clinical samples as well as from patients with anxiety disorder [9] In summary, the OCI and ... chi-square and degrees of freedom (c /d.f.)≦3, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)≦0.08; non-normed fit index (NNFI)≥0.95, and comparative fit index (CFI) ≥0.95 Cronbach’s alphas and correlation ... GDM and JJ designed the study, collected and analyzed the data, and wrote the first draft of the paper WHY collected the data and assisted data analysis RCKC conceived and designed the study, and...
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Báo cáo y học: "Natural history and clinical significance of MRI-detected bone marrow lesions at the knee: a prospective study in community dwelling older adults" pot
... Southern Tasmania (population 229,000), with an equal number of men and women The overall response rate was 57% The study included a baseline examination and followup examinations at approximately ... population based sample using a quantitative measure; and 2) examine the clinical correlates of BMLs, including pain, function, and stiffness scores and total knee replacement surgery Materials and methods ... Height was measured to the nearest 0.1 cm (with shoes and socks removed) using a stadiometer Body mass index (BMI) was calculated (kg/m2) Magnetic Resonance Imaging An MRI of the right knee was acquired...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 1 docx
... concentrated and possibly monochromatic X- ray beams As a result X- ray optics has grown rapidly in recent years as an important branch of physics and technology The phrase X- ray optics” encompasses ... sciences and cultural heritage as well as the more obvious physical and biological sciences Although for quantitative as well as qualitative investigations, X- ray microanalysis is an established method ... future X- ray and neutron sources – Better cooperation between national groups of researchers in the design and application of X- ray and neutron optics will lead to improvements in many key areas...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 2 pptx
... pinhole at a point (x, y) with respect to the same axis (Fig 3.1): x = x0 + x = x0 + l tan x y = y0 + Δy = y0 + l tan δy (3.1) The speed components with respect to the reference axis are connected ... neutron beam phase space in real space is defined as the flux distribution with respect to five parameters: two positional (x and y with respect to the beam axis or a laboratory reference axis), two ... Methods for a X- Ray and Neutron Optics SPIE-Proceedings, vol 5536, 2004, pp 61–70 13 A Erko, in X- Ray Optics; Raytracing model of a Zoneplate, ed by B Beckhoff et al Handbook of Practical X- Ray Fluorescence...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 3 doc
... for XUV and X- ray beamlines The effect of diffraction gratings can also be included in PHASE as a phase shift across the wavefront SRWP was designed for “normal incidence” geometries, and has been ... 79 the stationary phase approximation [10] and it is justified as long as (1) the optical element does not scrape the beam and (2) the principle rays with identical source and image coordinates ... external magnetic field In the linear approximation this gives T (5.5) (xe , xe , ye , ye )T ≈ A · (xe0 , xe0 , ye0 , ye0 ) + B, where (xe0 , xe0 , ye0 , ye0 )T is the four-vector of initial and...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 4 potx
... function M (x, y) can be expressed asymptotically as a sum of two terms M1 (x, y) ≈ ky π 2x exp i −i πk 2x M2 (x, y) ≈ π 2x θ2 exp ik(θc y − c x) + i πk θc x2 − y , (6.21) θc x( θc x − y) The first ... distribution at the exit of the WG, and Fig 6.7c, d the cross-section profiles just at the WG exit at a distance x = xdif for X = Xmin and X = Xmin /2, respectively As can be seen, for X = Xmin the WG ... Fig 8.4 The X- ray optical properties of the grating structures with the permittivities εA and εB of material A and B are introduced by ε (x, z) = εA p (x, z) + εB q (x, z) (8.11) with p (x, z) = 2L...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 5 doc
... and the extended shear angle difference method (ESAD) [10, 11] These methods are based on the principle of direct measurement of slope deviation and curvature and, in contrast to Slope Error and ... the expanded form of the matrix equation given by dA(z) = M A(z), dz (8.38) where M denotes a complex general matrix, which includes the X- ray optical parameters of the grating as well as the ... than the matrix solution, which runs fast on a standard PC The matrix formalism presented here is therefore superior for studying the diffraction properties of diffractive X- ray optics and for optimizing...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 6 pptx
... → −− −→ −− −→ (y,z) (x, z) (y,z) y and kij and θij = kij , kij , with kij − → the respective projections of kij onto the (X, Z) and (Y, Z) planes – where Δxij = xij − x0 and Δyij = yij − yij represent ... the following expressions: ⎧ 0 0 ⎨S x = tan x = dW (xij ,yij ) = λ dϕ(xij ,yij ) ij ij dx 2π dx (15.2) 0 dW (x0 ,yij ) ⎩ y y ij λ dϕ(xij ,yij ) Sij = tan θij = = 2π dy dy where W (x, y) represents ... detector is based on a fast Fourier transform calculation The software has been developed using Labview R as programming language and can be easily adapted for specific needs In the standard measurement...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 7 doc
... multilayer, as proven by AFM measurements The XRR scan was measured with a BEDE-D1 X- ray diffractometer with a Cu-anode X- ray tube as source The Cu Kα X- ray line is filtered by a Si Channel-Cut crystal and ... such as the ESRF, the APS and Spring-8 with X- ray beams of high brilliance, low divergence and high coherence has made possible efficient X- ray focusing and imaging The main emphasis is on those methods ... transmitted X- rays and the image is built up pixel (picture element) by pixel The focused X- ray probe can also be used to excite other processes such as photoelectrons and fluorescent X- rays The...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 8 doc
... experimental techniques, such as the X- ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) and X- ray fluorescence analysis (XRF) XAFS is generally divided into two parts: a near-edge region within some tens of eV above ... edge and an extended region well above the edge Near-edge X- ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS), also known as X- ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES), requires high-energy resolution within ... flux through the pinhole was compared with the direct flux without the capillary Comparative XANES and EXAFS spectra measurements of test objects consisting of microparticles of Sn, Mn, Fe, and...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 9 potx
... the exposed areas become insoluble to the solvent and they will be hardened even further when focusing X- ray beams, while plexiglass will be slowly destroyed For plexiglass and for silicon D, as ... nonplanar geometry and shaped surfaces According to our experience, any kind of multifoil X- ray optics, which was already manufactured and tested in both visible light and in X- rays, exhibits the worse ... slightly asymmetric one, as seen in Fig 20.2 Asymmetry of the focal spot was studied and a simulation for the circular source was compared with the measured data The ratio between the small and the...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 10 doc
... steps and with a duration of h at each step was applied to the sample with the nominal ML period of nm After each annealing, the sample was cooled down in vacuum and measured at RT The XRR and GIXDS ... starting with Sc The thermal treatment was done in a vacuum of 10−4 Pa 24.3 Sample Measurements and Characterization The specular XRR and grazing-incidence X- ray diffuse scattering (GIXDS) coming ... roughness σ and mixing quantified as σeff − σ being minimized at 80◦ C Examples of the XRR and GIXDS simulations are shown in Fig 24.1 with the simulation parameters gathered in Table 24.1 An asymmetry...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 11 docx
... conditions for the extreme value to be a maximum, to discard minima or saddle points If 0 x0 max,L = xmax,1 , xmax,2 , , xmax,m (25.16) is the point at which the first-order expansion of the first ... similar to standard two-material multilayers: • In the standard case, one full period is completed after two layers; whereas in SQWMs, it is completed after L layers • In the standard case, the ... complex numbers, and in the ˜ 418 J.I Larruquert et al ñ0 ñ1 x1 ñ2 = ñ1+Δñ1 x2 ñ3 = ñ2+Δñ2 x3 ñ4 = ñ3+Δñ3 x4 ñm + Fig 25.10 Incident and reflected rays on a general multilayer most general case,...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 12 pps
... following form: df (x) /dx = Bf (x) /x (26.13) The angle α is here taken as negative Thus b > and B < The solution of this differential equation is f (x) = CxB (26.14) where B is negative and the second ... synchrotrons, storage rings and X- ray lasers in the future, and on the methods of microelectronics technology that enable fabrication of structures of X- Ray electronic devices with submicron or nanometer ... surface and volume acoustic waves A Bragg–Fresnel grating is a basic optical element for the construction of a variety of X- ray optical devices including fast X- ray modulators Understanding its...
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Modern Developments in X-Ray and Neutron Optics Episode 13 doc
... value of extinction depth, tz Extending the definitions, one ext can introduce an extinction depth value for the grating along the X direction, which could be defined as tx ≈ ext tz ext ··· sin(ΘB ... a lateral grating is less than tx For example, a W/Si multilayer ext 28 Volume Modulated Diffraction X- Ray Optics 483 with a period of nm and γ = 0.3 has an extinction depth on the order of 50 ... Θi as well as the diffracted 2Θi angle was measured and plotted As an example, Fig 28.7 represents the results of the grating measurements in the detector scan mode for the 230 nm profile depth and...
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