regulator of g protein signaling 4

... Desensitization of G protein Signaling ………………………… …… 24 1.2.3.1 The discovery of Regulator of G- protein signaling (RGS)……… 24 1.2.3.2 The mechanism of RGS function……………………… …… 26 1.3 G proteins in fungal ... Artemyev 2000) 24 1.2.3 Desensitization of G protein Signaling 1.2.3.1 The discovery of Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) Studies of the desensitization of G- protein- coupled signal transduction ... regulator of G protein signaling (RGS), leads to the replacement of GTP with GDP and reassociation of G with G γ heterodimer, leading to the termination of G protein- mediated signaling (Figure 3)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:13

... ESPRNTMQLVNLERDTETDKLSHDRATIEVIFRRFAGQDGPNVKSSISTSDSDSLSDYSN FQISRSSFFTLSKRGWDLVSWTGCKSNNIRAPNGSTIDLDFTLRGHMTVRDEKKTLDDSE Rgs1 Cprgs-1 FlbA Sst2 40 8 213 42 0 40 6 GLTGVKMAPERKVNGKIHKDTFTGK-AASEWLMDCCTTVDRREAVEIASLFVEYELIEAL GLTGVKMAAERKIGGKTYKETFTGK-AATDWLMDCSTTVDRRETVEIASYFVEFGLMECV ... FlbA Sst2 46 7 272 47 9 46 6 QQDRSHIQQFPGCQVFQPTKHAIYHMTSKGKDMINGSVPRGRASEGDATHSATHRHG-VA QQDRAYTAQYPGSQLFQPTKHSIYQITPNGKDLINGMNSRGRTSDAESTPRDHKPNEKLP QEDKGYPQPDASIVVFQPSKYAIYGITERGQRVCG -WIARDKSRETFYDNRGMP ... HPH1 RGS1 Figure 21 A rgs1D WT Rgs1 OP Complemented B WT rgs1D Complemented Rgs1 OP _ Figure 22 Inductive Non-inductive _ Figure 23 WT rgs1D Complemented Figure 24 Figure 25 Figure 26 Rgs1 MG00990...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:24

... Figure 28 Inductive Non-inductive _ Figure 29 Figure 30 Inductive Non-inductive _ Figure 31 B A Figure 32 A B Figure 33 A B Figure 34 mgb1D WT _ rgs1Dmgb1D magB G1 83Smgb1D Figure 35 Figure ... mgb1D WT _ rgs1Dmgb1D magB G1 83Smgb1D Figure 35 Figure 36 MG010315 MG010105 MG091 34 Control: Gamma actin MG03982 MG01173 MG01630 Figure 37 A B ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:39

... Figure 39 WT rgs1D Figure 40 Figure 41 Figure 42 _ Figure 43 - Gd + Gd, 1h + Gd, 0h + Gd, 2h + Gd, 0.5h + Gd, 3h _ Figure 44 A WT rgs1D Solvent Solvent 10mM 8-Br-cAMP 10mM 8-Br-cAMP _ B WT rgs1D ... + Gd, 3h _ Figure 44 A WT rgs1D Solvent Solvent 10mM 8-Br-cAMP 10mM 8-Br-cAMP _ B WT rgs1D Figure 45 Appressorium formation on inductive membrane (%) Appressorium formation on Noninductive membrane ... mscS1∆ 87 2.5 mscS2∆ 91 mscS3∆ 85 mscL∆mscS1∆ 86 mscL∆mscS2∆ 92 1.5 mscL∆mscS3∆ 88 mscS1∆mscS2∆ 84 mscS1∆mscS3∆ 85 mscS2∆mscS3∆ 89 ...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:53

... AGTCAACACTATTTGAGTTTGACATTTGGC GAGAGAATTCGGGGGACCGTCAGTCTTCCT CTTCCCCC TTCCGAATTCTCATTTACCCGGAGACAGGG CCCCGCGGCCGCTGACACCGATTATTTAAA TTTTGAGCTCGGAGCCATAATGACAGCAGT TTTTGTCGACATGGCGCAACACGATGAAGC CGTAGACAAC GGGGGGATCCTTACATAAGCGTACAACAAA ... CACTATTTGATTTCGGCGCCTGAGCATCA TTTAGCTTTTT TTTTCTCGAGAAAGATGCCGATTTGGGCGC GGGGCTCGAGGTTTTATATTTGTTGTAAAA GCCCCTCGAGATATTATATATATATATAGG TAAAGGATCCCTTGTCATCGTCATCCTTGT AGTCAACACTATTTGAGTTTGACATTTGGC GAGAGAATTCGGGGGACCGTCAGTCTTCCT ... GCCCGGATCCTGATAGTAATAGAATCCAAA CCCCGAATTCAAATTATAGAAAGCAGTAGA AAGGCTCGAGAGATCTGTTTAGCTTGCCTC AAAAGTCGACGAGCTCGTTTTCGACACTGG TTTTGTCGACATGGCGCAACACGATGAAGC CGTAGACAAC GGGGGGATCCTTACATAAGCGTACAACAAA...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... [56,185,2 24, 225] [39,226–231] Gs Gq RLXN, Cyt, GI CXN CLT1R ET-A/B EDG 1–7 EP2 H1 histamine IP Prostacyclin [232–236] [237– 242 ] [38, 243 – 245 ] [20, 246 , 247 ] [ 248 , 249 ] [41 ,250] Gq Gq Gq, Gi, G1 2/13 Gs Gq Gs ... recently discovered RGS (regulators of G protein signaling) proteins [107] Experimental manipulation of RGS protein expression can alter GPCR signaling, but the physiologic role of RGS proteins is unclear ... CXN, GP CXN, GP GS, Cyt RLXN, GI, Cyt CXN, GP GI m2 muscarinic m3 muscarinic NK-1/2 PAR-1,2,3 [21,251,252] [251–256] [257–260] [ 34, 261,262] Gi Gq Gq Gq, Gi, G1 2/13 unclear CXN, GP CXN, GP GS, GP...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... fluorescence (fold) RGS1 RGS2 RGS3 RGS4a RGS5a RGS6a RGS7a RGS8a RGS9 RGS10 RGS11 RGS12 RGS13a RGS 14 RGS16 RGS18 RGS19 RGS20a 49 2 1872 172 13 8 11 10 105 1535 14 39 2 24 26 292 691 42 0 149 152 11 9 107 ... muRGS1 5¢-TCTGCTAGCCCAAAGGATTC-3¢ (sense), 5¢TTCACGTCCATTCCAAAAGTC-3¢ (anti-sense); muRGS2 5¢-GAGAAAATGAAGCGGACACTCT-3¢ (sense), 5¢-TTG CCAGTTTTGGGCTTC-3¢ (antisense); muHPRT as housekeeping gene ... h Gene Control relative fluorescence LPS relative fluorescence (fold) RGS1 RGS2 RGS3 RGS4a RGS5 RGS6a RGS7a RGS9a RGS10 RGS11a RGS 14 RGS16 RGS17a RGS18 RGS19 RGS20a 168 1532 153 8 63 2161 20 247 ...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 13:20

... triple-mutated GIRK1F137S*** protein (C) Statistics of the effects of cAMP on basal currents of heterooligomeric GIRK1 ⁄ GIRK4, homooligomeric GIRK1 and homooligomeric, mutated GIRK1 (the cAMP ... Healthcare Europe GmbH, Vienna, Austria); PKA-cs (1529 307; Boehringer Ingelheim GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany; 40 0 mU per 80 mL) All other reagents used were of reagent grade throughout if not stated ... Intracellular regulation of inward rectifier K+ channels Pflugers Arch 44 1, 1–11 11 Mao JZ, Wang XR, Chen FX, Wang RP, Rojas A, Shi Y, Piao H & Jiang C (20 04) Molecular basis for the inhibition of G protein- coupled...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... stage of C elegans as a template with the following primers: M2-goa1-s, 5¢-CATTATAAGA ACATAGGCGCTACAAGGATGGGTTGTACCATGTC ACAGGAAG-3¢; M2-goa1-PstI-as, 5¢-CCAATGCATTGG TTCTGCAGTTAATACAAGCCGCATCCACGAAGA-3¢ ... conditions Human GPCR activates nematode G protein construct, pPAK-M2–Gai1 [25], as a template with the following primers: M2-myc-EcoRI-s, 5¢-CAGAATTCatg gagcagaagctgatctccgaggaggacctgctgGTGAACAACTCCAC ... 1986 [23] Although Gb and Gc are essential for Ga activation by GPCR [10], GPCR can activate Ga without Gb and Gc in some GPCR::Ga fusion proteins [ 24] Muscarinic-agonist-dependent Ga activation...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 11:20

... (nucleotides 1–26, sense, initiating ATG underlined) in combination with antisense primers introducing a stop codon sequence: mGRK6-A M2: P2, 5¢-CTAGTCGC TGGAGTTCCCAGAGGAATCTTGGCG-3¢ (nucleotides 1677–1706, ... P2, 5¢-ACTGTCGCTGGAGTTCCCAGAGGAATCTTGG CG-3¢ (nucleotides 1677–1709, antisense) Complementary DNAs encoding the C-terminal mGRK6-A mutants M2 and M3 were prepared either from the mGRK6-A mutant ... [7] Analysis of the genomic organization of the mouse GRK6 gene showed that the four mRNAs are generated by alternative RNA splicing from a single gene Three of the GRK6 isoforms, GRK6-A, -B and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... 2939–2 946 ª 2005 FEBS R Maggio et al Function and pharmacology of hetero-oligomers A B H GPCR GPCR H GPCR H H β-arrestin H GPCR H H GPCR GPCR H GPCR GPCR β-arrestin No effect No effect H GPCR H GPCR ... Cheng ZJ, Harikumar KG, Holicky EL & Miller LJ (2003) Heterodimerization of type A and B 2 945 Function and pharmacology of hetero-oligomers 40 41 42 43 44 cholecystokinin receptors enhance signaling ... emerging concept for G protein- coupled 2 944 12 13 14 15 receptor ontogeny and function Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 42 , 40 9 43 5 Jordan BA, Trapaidze N, Gomes I, Nivarthi R & Devi LA (2001) Oligomerization...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... Scott PD, Upton GJ, Howe TJ & Reynolds CA (2001) FEBS Journal 272 (2005) 2926–2938 ª 2005 FEBS M Filizola and H Weinstein 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 Dimerization of G- protein- coupled ... receptors J Med Chem 44 , 45 95 46 14 Moller S, Vilo J & Croning MD (2001) Prediction of the coupling specificity of G protein coupled receptors to their G proteins Bioinformatics 17, S1 74 S181 Oliveira ... oligomerization: implications for G protein activation and cell signaling Circ Res 94, 17–27 Bai M (20 04) Dimerization of G- protein- coupled receptors: roles in signal transduction Cell Signal...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... higher concentration of G protein provided in the membranes by the : GPCR : G protein stoichiometry of the fusion proteins allowing the G protein fused to one receptor to interact with the G protein ... performed in cells expressing increasing concentrations of GPCR– Rluc and GPCR–GFP2 while maintaining a constant GPCR–GFP2 : GPCR–Rluc ratio of 1 In the case of specific GPCR dimers, BRET levels ... 2, 2 74 286 11 George SR, O’Dowd BF & Lee SP (2002) G- proteincoupled receptor oligomerization and its potential for drug discovery Nature Rev Drug Discovery 1, 808–820 12 Milligan G (20 04) G protein- coupled...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 22:20

... regulate the activity of downstream effectors GTP on G is hydrolyzed to GDP by its own GTPase activity as well as GTPase-activating proteins, such as regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins ... 0.1 11 S S1000 T T150 T300 0.8 0 .4 44 0.8 0 .4 0 .4 25 0.5 0.2 0.1 11 0.5 0.25 0.25 0.8 0 .4 44 0. 04 0. 04 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.8 40 0 100 40 0 100 40 0 .4 20 0 .4 20 G Protein Subunit Purification from ... Harris, B A (1999) Regulators of G protein signaling and Purification of complexes with G 5 and assessment of their effects on G protein- mediated signaling pathways J Biol Chem 2 74, 31,087– 31,093...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 22:24

... the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein- dye binding Anal Biochem 1976, 72: 248 -2 54 36 Perreira M, Jiang JK, Klutz AM, Gao ZG, Shainberg A, Lu C, Thomas ... (20 g of protein) , 50 μL of agonist radioligand, and 50 μL of increasing concentrations of the test ligands in Tris-HCl buffer (50 mM, pH 7.5) containing 10 mM MgCl2 The concentration of the ... coupling of 1a through a long-chain PEG spacer group of ten units present in Das et al Journal of Nanobiotechnology 2010, 8:11 http://www.jnanobiotechnology.com/content/8/1/11 Page of 19 Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 00:22

... the method of choice for identifying and aligning templates for homology modeling [ 14] These 44 TP DUY, A GIORGETTI, NHH CHUONG, P CARLONI, H ZUNG methods are used by many of the best protein structure ... modeling of GPCRs at different activation states, and docking odorant ligands II WEB-BASED SERVER FOR AUTOMATICALLY HOMOLOGY MODELING AND LIGAND DOCKING Homology modeling is process consisting of ... performed high-throughput screening of 93 odorants against 46 4 ORs expressed in heterologous cells and identified agonists for 52 mouse and 10 human ORs [11] They used the resulting interaction profiles...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2015, 10:39

... nucleotide-bound state of the G- protein a-subunit In the GDP-bound form, the G- protein a-subunit caused 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 320 340 360 380 40 0 42 0 44 0 Wavelength (nm) B 10 CD (mdeg) Stains-all as ... of G- proteins, or does the G- protein binding lead to release ⁄ uptake of Ca2+ by Calnuc? To help reach our goal of understanding the physiological role of the interaction between Calnuc and G- protein, ... effector of G- proteins, its function being governed by whether the G- protein is in an ‘on state’ [being activated by receptors, e .g OA1 G- protein- coupled receptor A (GPCR)], or in an ‘off state’...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... receptor, GABA binding in the GABAB1 VFT leading to activation of the GABAB2 HD Although GABAB1 VFT binds the agonist and the GABAB2 HD couples to G- protein, a chimeric construct composed of these ... functioning of these receptors offers a number of possibilities for allosterically regulating 2953 Class C G- protein- coupled receptors their activity using compounds acting at various sites of the ... Charnet A, Guillon G & Pin J-P (20 04) Locking the dimeric GABAB G- protein coupled receptor in its active state J Neurosci 24, 370–377 Yu L, Liang S, Liu X, He Q, Studholme DJ & Wu Q (20 04) NCD 3G: a...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... designed as follows: PSAG with a C-terminal hexa-histidine tag (PSI -G- HisTerm), 5¢-GCGGAGCTCAT GGCCACAAGCGCATCAGC-3¢ and 5¢-GCGGCATGCT CAGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGGTGTCCAAAGAAGCTTG GGTCGTAT-3¢ (His-tag underlined); ... CACCACCACCACGAAGCTGGAGATGATCGTGCT-3¢ (His-tag underlined) or 5¢-TGGAGCCACCCGCAGTTCG AAAAAGAAGCTGGAGATGATCGTGCT-3¢ (Strep-tag underlined) and 5¢-GCGGCATGCTCATCCAAAGAAGC TTGGGTCG-3¢ The two amplified fragments ... 5¢-GCGGAGCTCATGGCCAC AAGCGCATCAGC-3¢ and 5¢-GTGGTGGTGGTGGTGG TGGAAATGGGTTTTTCCGTTCTGC-3¢ (His-tag underlined) or 5¢-TGGAGCCACCCGCAGTTCGAAAAAGAA GCTGGAGATGATCGTGCT-3¢ (Strep-tag underlined), then a secondary...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... PPP6C-siR-Top GACGGCTCGAGGACCAAGGGGCTGTATGCAC GCCAGAAGCTTCCTGCCCTGTTCATCTGCAGG CGGGATCCTCTTGTATTACCCTCTA GCGAATTCTCCATCGTGCC TTTTTATTGTGGAGTATGCTGCTGAAATG ATTTCAGCAGCATACTCCACAATAAAAAG GATCCGCTTTGTGTAAGTAATTTGATTCAAGAA ... GATCCGCTTTGTGTAAGTAATTTGATTCAAGAA TCAAATTACTTACAAGTTTTTTGAATTCTCGAGA AGCTTCTCGAGAATTCAAAAAACTTTGTGTAAGTAATT TGATCTCTTGAACAAATTACTTACACAAAGAG AGGGAATTCATGGCGCCGCTAGACCTGGC GAGGCCTCGAGTCAAAGGAAATATGGCGTTG PPP6C-siR-Bottom ... above; b-actin sense, 5¢-CGTGACATTAAGGAGAAGCTG-3¢; and b-actin antisense, 5¢-CTAGAAGCATTTGCGGTGGAC-3¢ PCR cycles were as follows: 94 °C for min, followed by 40 cycles at 94 °C for min, 56 °C for...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 23:20