... analysis and assisted inthe writing CIØ carried out the isolation and characterization ofthe cells GIN participated inthe oxygen measurements, as well as inthe determination of glucose and lactate ... reagent Authors' contributions IM and BS conceived ofthe study IM carried out most ofthe experimental work andthe writing AW and DGL participated inthe determination of fenestration parameters, ... ultrastructural characterization ofthe endothelial cell inthe rat liver sinusoid under normal and various experimental conditions, as a contribution to the distinction between endothelial and Kupffer cells...
... obtained indicate that the KIND2 domain is necessary and sufficient for the targeting of v-KIND to dendrites ofneurons To investigate the MAP2-binding characteristics ofthe KIND domain protein ... inthe central domain of MAP2 contain the v-KIND binding core module MAP2 consists of three main structural domains: the cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit RII binding domain, the ... inthe KIND2 domain of v-KIND contain the core MAP2 binding module To identify the core MAP2-binding site within the KIND2 domain (amino acids 456–620), we analyzed five EGFP-fused KIND2 domain...
... age and size at first reproduction, number and size of offspring, inter-clutch interval, and juvenile and adult survival The effects of changes inthe magnitude of each of these traits onthe others ... different kinds of organisms, depending in part onthe form in which they are stored (e.g structural carbon in plants, and calcium and phosphorus inthe shells of molluscs andthe bones of vertebrates) ... is the traditional Lindeman efficiency that has been the subject of so much discussion and investigation in ecology It is apparent from inspection ofthe above equations that the M3/4 scaling of...
... domain of each subunit contributes to the formation ofthe hydrophilic pore ACh binding protein has structural and functional homology to the extracellular ligand binding domain ofthe nAChR, and ... tissues The a4/7-conotoxins are the most common nAChR antagonists found in cone snail venoms Identification of further selective peptides, together with the investigation and understanding of their structure- activity ... application and served as an important tool inthe elucidation of nAChR subtypes andfunctioninthe dopaminergic system The following will focus onthe investigation of presynaptic nAChRs on dopaminergic...
... the interaction at the atomic level and understand the role ofthe threonine side chains in ice binding The contradiction between the higher activity demonstrated by the longer insert AFP isoforms ... inthe TXT motif are conserved, and that in solution these waters could be found onthe ice-binding face Fig Bound water molecules extend the ice-binding face of insect AFPs The position ofthe ... isoform CfAFP-501 using the main chain of residues Thr23fiAsn90 in isoform 337 and residues Thr54fiMet121 in CfAFP-501 (B) Overlap of isoforms 337 and 501 using the main chain of residues 4–33 in...
... determination The existence of two distinct sets of resonances for the minidomain allowed the determination of two families representing the two conformational states ofthe solution structureofthe ... NMR structureandfunctionofthe eRF1 C-domain codon recognition are in accord with the hypothesis that the C-domain could be involved inthe regulation of translation termination As Asp359 and ... detected Therefore, the sizes ofthe relative populations and possibly the rate of conformer interconversion are sensitive to the environment ofthe domain For the great majority ofthe residues in the...
... explanation for these results may be that the reaction of SDTG at the binding site of one subunit changes the conformation ofthe other subunit, thereby completely abolishing reaction of SDTG with the ... solutions andthe presence of electron-rich nitrogen sites onthe triazine ring, which increase the capability of forming additional hydrogen bonds with amino-acid residues within protein binding ... phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, onthe basis ofthe SDTG concentrations determined from the primary amine content Determination ofthe stability of SDTG The rate of decomposition of SDTG in a buffer identical...
... rates of oxygen consumption The maximum rate of oxygen consumption was induced by the addition of 50 nM SF6847, and this value was utilized as the noninhibited rate of oxygen consumption Inhibitory ... effects of DiS-C3(5) at low concentrations onthe progression of intrinsic oxygen consumption by mitochondria might reflect induction ofthe PT by endogenous Ca2+ So next we examined the validity of ... Inhibitory effects of a low concentration DiS-C3(5) onthe Ca2+-induced PT To examine the effects of DiS-C3(5) onthe Ca2+induced PT, we measured its effects onthe oxygen consumption of mitochondria...
... B-factor in one ofthe active sites of a tetramer and, as in our P212121 structure, they could see a few more residues ofthe loop, including the lysine pointing towards the active site The binding ... predicted inthe mutant First, there is an increase inthe negative charge inthe active site and, second, breaking the salt bridge would alter the quaternary structureofthe protein and therefore the ... determine the nature ofthe inhibition Surprisingly, both citrate and isocitrate acted as noncompetitive inhibitors (Fig 3), lowering the Vmax but not the KM ofthe lactonization reaction The KI...
... indicative, in our opinion, ofthe adequacy andthe basis of this orientation, onthe one hand, andthe destiny of linguistics, onthe other hand Of course, these implications might be too strong, but ... The shift between the development of modal logic since the beginning of this century (Von Wright 1951, among others) andthe special interest inthe notion of Modality in linguistics during the ... Arabic on one end, and SA onthe other end Each end contains the defining characteristics of each form, with various degrees of interaction in- between Standard Arabic is also in constant interaction...
... availability of excitation energy inthe canopy and not by altered organization of thylakoid membranes Later inthe growing season, the chloroplast ultrastructure acclimated to decreased light (Fig 2B) and ... to ageing, since the area of plastoglobuli of chloroplast area increased (data not shown), which is known to be an indication of ageing (Hudak, 1981) .The pattern of thylakoid organization at ... a tion was found between negative correla- N P andthe ratio ofthe length of appressed to nonappressed thylakoid membranes (Fig 2A) and between the ratio ofthe length of appressed to non-appressed...
... between the genetic information encoded inthe cell’s DNA and its intracellular information-processing infrastructure (RNA and proteins) Thestructureandfunctionof this information-processing ... challenge of characterizing cellular information processing arising from biology’s use of poly-functional components inthe name of “economy.” The conversion of DNA information into mRNA information ... representation of information inthe form of Qbits onthe DHD The generation of various types of RNA from the DNA code convert the coded information into a poly-functional format for use throughout the...
... consist of well-conserved AdoMet-binding domains responsible for cofactor binding and methylation; and a second highly variable substrate-binding domain responsible for the substrate binding The ... intrinsically unstructured proteins and explains how the unstructured proteins gain structure upon binding with its partners Chapter provides the conclusion and future direction for part II of ... divided into two groups The first one comprises a benzoquinone termed ubiquinone or coenzyme ubiquinone The second group contains 15 naphthoquinones – menaquinone and demethylmenaquinone (DMK)...
... regions of active genes in human T cells [124] In a study in yeast, mutations were introduced alone or in combination in lysines 5, 8, 12 and 16 inthe gene for histone H4 [125] Of these, the only ... transcription elongation in mammalian cells [153] Phosphorylation of histone H3S10 by Pim1 kinase enables the recruitment of both MOF and P-TEFb via interactions involving the adaptor protein 14-3-3 and ... both the disruption and ejection of nucleosomes within the enhancer andthe mobilization of nucleosomes inthe flanking sequences AP-1 function is dependent upon the SWI ⁄ SNF family protein Brg1...
... domain, where the C-terminal portion of one saposin is linked to the N-terminal portion ofthe other saposin Hence, the PSI is not a true saposin but a swaposin [25,38,42] (Fig 3) The functions of ... C-terminal domain in red (B) Ribbon representation ofthestructureofthe PSI domain of barley prophytepsin [25] (N-terminal domain, blue; C-terminal domain, red) (C) Model structureofthe PSI ... cDNA of an AP was cloned from Chlamydomonas Fig The ‘saposin fold’ (A) Ribbon representation ofthestructureof NK-lysin, a saposin-like protein [26] The N-terminal domain is shown in blue and...
... result inthe truncation ofthe TLP at the N-terminus This truncation has no effect on amino acid residues known to be involved inthefunctionofthe protein, but result inthe deletion ofthe ... on interactions ofthe N-terminal region of OHCU decarboxylase with the receptor kinase brassinosteroid-insenitive-1, rather than interactions made by TLP Furthermore, their conclusion that the ... recent findings regarding the identification and distribution of TLP genes in nature, the structural and functional characterization ofthe TLP from various organisms, andthe evolution of TLP and transthyretin...
... inand across the groove between the a1-helix and a2helix andthe b2-strand of KH1 Intimate contacts between protein and RNA continue across the cusp ofthe KH1 and KH2 domains C46 binds to the ... orientation, inthe groove between the a1-helix and a2-helix plus the GXXG loop on one side, andthe b2-strand andthe variable loop onthe other The center ofthe groove is hydrophobic, andthe edges ... sidechains onthe protein andthe phosphate backbone ofthe nucleic acid Poly(C)-binding proteins Poly(C)-binding proteins (PCBPs) contain three type I KH domains, which appear to function independently,...
... within the ATP-binding subdomains, indicating a common structureofthe ATPbinding sites ofthe two enzymes Interestingly, five ofthe six cysteines of GlcNAc kinase had an equivalent cysteine in ... three-dimensional model of glucokinase was used [23] Based onthe sequence alignments of glucokinase and GlcNAc kinase andthe common ATP-binding domain, the GlcNAc kinase was fitted into the glucokinase ... pocket inthe adenosine subdomain andthe sugar pocket onthe opposite side within the b-sheet II [25] The positions ofthe cysteines of GlcNAc kinase are displayed in Fig 5B Cysteines C211 and...
... the molecules once pass into one end (inner) ofthe pore would only come out from the other end (outer) ofthe pore without diffusing out from the middle ofthe pore-tunnel The relationship of ... separation application as it helps to maintain the mechanical integrity ofthe tube during processing, handling and filtration Conversely, a smaller tube wall thickness strengthens the rate of fluid ... causes a decrease in nanohardness The decrease in nanohardness confirms the domination of dissolution rate as the anodization continues As mentioned previously, the increase in oxidation rate is believed...
... growing filaments They also confirm the suggested role of D-loop in stabilization of both the longitudinal subdomain 2/1 contacts andofthe cross-strand contacts in F-actin F1-012P The dynein light ... A structureof a truncated version ofthe reverse direction myosin motor, myosin VI that contains the motor domain and binding sites for two calmodulins Surprisingly, thestructure reveals only ... change onthe secondary structureof blg-A upon interaction with concentrations of 15.54 and 35.8 mm of Pb2+, while far CD studies show considerable change inthe secondary structureof blg-B by increasing...