... prefiltering was performed using the Bioconductor genefilter package, eliminating probes with raw signal intensity less than 100 on all microarrays, and eliminating probes with an interquartile intensity ... grown in long days for 14 d Seedlings were stained for 15 h for GUS activity in staining buffer containing mM 5bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-b-D-glucuronide Scale bars mm 4G) The treatments with ACC ... correlations with the phenanthrene treatment were found for treatments with abscisic acid, the auxin transport inhibitor triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), brassinolide, cytokinin, the auxin indoleacetic...
... careful interpretation to collect convincing evidence of aliphatic hydrocarbon contamination of oysters originating from an actual crude oil sample from Gulf of Mexico and consequent PAH contamination ... composition of other samples of crude oils is illustrated in Figure again indicating differences in profile Similarly the pattern of PAHs found in crude oil is very characteristic as shown in Table with ... ofhydrocarbon contamination 10.2 PAHs The occurrence of one or more of any of the 16 PAHs of food safety concern is indicated by the presence of transition ions (quantifier and qualifier) as indicated...
... shown that interactions between KCs and endotoxin comprise the initiating event leading to hepatotoxicity in liver injury, including endotoxemia and ischemia ⁄ reperfusion injury [14] In our studies, ... performed in accordance with the guidelines of the National Institutes of Health Treatment with GdCl3 and experimental groups For depletion of KCs in vivo, 7.5 mgÆkg)1 of GdCl3 was injected via ... MA, USA) Binding of all of the antibodies was detected using an ECL detection system (iNtRON Biotechnology, Seoul, Korea) in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions The intensity of the...
... immunodeficiency virus SHIV89.6-induced protection against intravaginal challenge with pathogenic SIVmac239 is independent of the route of immunization and is associated with a combination of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ... well as NK cells, the relative contribution of each cell type could not be determined CD8+ T cells and NK cells inhibit virus replication in vitro through a variety of mechanisms, including cytolytic ... ADCVI-mediating antibodies can be found early during HIV-1 infection and reduce HIV-1 yield both by lysis of infected target cells and by the release of betachemokines from NK effector cells [27,28] In...
... defective in growth in the cultured tissues First, viral infection in the tissues was studied by examining hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissues and visualizing GFP expression in infected cells At ... strains (Toledo, Towne, and TowneBAC) in cultured cells (A) and cultured gingival tissues (B) Growth of different HCMV strains (Toledo, Towne, and TowneBAC) in cultured cells (A) and cultured gingival ... fication, Hematoxylin and eosin staining of EpiGingival tissues (magniHematoxylin and eosin staining of EpiGingival tissues (magnification, ×400) Upon arrival, the tissues were cultured for 12 hours...
... frequency of endocrine cells, immunoreactivity to antisera against mammalian insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and PP, in the pancreas of teleosts, localization of endocrine cellsin the principal ... secretion of the gastrin, cholecystokinin, secretin, glucagon, insulin, motilin and gastric acid (Kitamura et al., 1984) and the absorption of amino acid, glucose and fatty acid in the gastrointestinal ... Somatostatin-immunoreactive cells were observed in the central regions, intermingled with insulin-immunoreactive cells (E and F) Bovine pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells were situated in the...
... and gelatinous layers (pale stained inner wall layers) close to the cambium, even in dividing cells, PATAg staining, electron micrograph Bar = 2.5 µm 681 Staining with KMnO4 revealed that in the ... proteinate) and KMnO4 staining, immunogoldlabelling of the most represented lignin sub-units in combination with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as UV-microspectrophotometry of individual ... embedded in Spurr’s epoxy resin Ultrathin transverse sections were cut, placed on copper grids, stained with KMnO4 according to Donaldson [10] and examined with a Philips CM12 TEM at an accelerating...
... synovial lining cells, B cells and T cellsin the pathogenesis of CIJD (for a recent review on this, see [2]) R442 The cytokine profile in the serum of patients with inflammatory joint disease ... pre-activated T cellsin pathogen-induced chronic inflammatory joint diseases Any diseases inflammation will cause the induction of chemokine and cytokine production in several tissue-associated cellsin ... protein 60 [62] Relevance of the findings The question of whether our findings are of any significance for the understanding of CIJD is justified and needs answering TLR ligands are found in the...
... extended the findings of our previous study to investigate, within induced sputum, the number and cytotoxic function of the three main classes of human killer cells; CD8 + T lymphocytes, NK cells and ... was no difference in the proportions of CD56dim CD16+ NK cells and CD56 brightCD16- NK cells expressing only perforin and no granzyme B Examining the proportion ofcells expressing only granzyme ... significant difference in smoking history between COPD subjects and healthy smokers Comparison of constituent cellsin induced sputum The viability of the cells (% total) in induced sputum did not...
... remodeling However, a systematic examination of pulmonary MCs in clinical and experimental PH and an elucidation of the role of MCs in animal model of progressive PH are still missing In this ... population of interest, was prevalent in MCT-rats (p < 0.05 versus healthy rats) Interestingly, there was about 9-fold increase in the number of MCs around the intra-acinar vessels (20-50 μm in diameter), ... of pulmonary MCs in MCT-rats Lung tissue from healthy and MCT-rats (that received single injection of saline and monocrotaline, respectively) were stained with toluidine blue (TB) The arrow indicates...
... determined by flow cytometry after surface staining or intracellular staining with anti-human-specific Abs conjugated with either phycoerythrin or fluorescein isothiocyanate These human Abs included ... Differentiation of Th17 Cells and Tregs in MPE Purified naïve CD4+ T cells (5 × 105) were cultured in ml of complete medium containing human IL-2 (2 ng/ ml) in 48-well plates and stimulated with plate-bound ... Consistent with our previous findings [14], we noted that percentages of Th17 cells represented the higher values in MPE (3.7 ± 0.4%), showing a significant increase in comparison with those in the...
... likely since the inflammatory response to epithelial damage was also attenuated in the γδ T cell deficient mice Our findings are consistent with a role of γδ T cellsin determining the magnitude of ... the inflammatory response to acute epithelial injury and in maintaining and repairing the epithelial barrier [16] Chen et al have found that a deficiency of γδ T cells rendered the intestinal ... pictures showing PCNA immunostaining in airway epithelial cells before (a) and day after exposure to 400 ppm Cl2 gas (b) in wild type mice Panel B Numbers of epithelial cellswith positive staining for...
... expression of a4b7 integrin is regulated in a homeostatic relation with the surface expression of a4b1 integrin on T -cells since high expression of a4b1 integrin resulted in a loss of a4b7 integrin With ... tyrosine kinase) which is involved in BCR signaling, but also in the regulation of integrin activation [44] Moreover, recent work indicates that Syk is involved in CXCL12- and a4b1 integrin-induced ... the b1 integrin on the surface of B -cells In this regard, integrin complexes are composed of b and a subunits and form unique molecules, and b7 integrin essentially competes with b1 integrin for...
... In the course of the disease, increases in levels of γδ T cells were correlated with an increased expression of stress markers in the intestinal epithelia It has been demonstrated in vitro that ... probably involved in mitigating the damage to epithelial cells As outlined briefly at the beginningof this review, in adult mice the vast majority of γδ T cells express either Vγ4 or Vγ6 Vγ6+ cells ... predominant population of pulmonary γδ T cells, at least in BALB/c mice We have recently confirmed the predominance of this subset in the normal lung of several mouse strains by antibody staining...
... virus In these studies, the depletion of CD8+ T cells resulted in increased viral replication of either the challenge strain or the vaccine strain [27-33] Finally, the importance of CD8+ cellsin ... of CD8+ cells results in higher levels of viral replication during the Page of 13 acute SIVagm infection of AGMs, suggesting a role of cellular immune responses in controlling infection in natural ... fever after infection with SIVagm.sab No clinical signs of primary infection, weight loss, opportunistic infection or increase in size of LNs were observed during the acute phase of infection or...
... continuously in the lining of the sinusoidal capillaries of the liver (Figure 2G,H,I) Some of these smaller microspheres were found within F4/80 labelled cells, but as shown in higher magnification of ... the injection The two injection procedures resulted in very similar distributions of labelling within the liver, with evidence of red fluorescent microspheres within green F4/80 immunoreactive cells ... following IV injection B: hr following injection C: week following injection D: weeks following injection Calibration bar in ‘D’ = 50 μm for all images Development of microsphere labeling of Kupffer...
... 66 2.13.1 Preparation of tissues for immunofluorescence staining 66 2.13.2 Immunofluorescence staining 66 2.13.2.1 Immunofluorescence staining with primary and/or secondary antibodies ... Immunofluorescence staining with biotin-conjugated antibodies 67 2.13.2.3 Immunofluorescence staining with anti-mouse CD138 antibodies 67 vii 2.13.2.4 Revealing EdU+ cells ... secreting cells (ASCs) in plasma and spleen of apoE-/- mice, respectively, was also accompanied with an increased population of oxLDL-specific ASCs in the bone marrow, suggesting their migration into...
... plasma cells as an additional parameter when examining plasma cellsin the bone marrow To begin our investigation into ASCs in the bone marrow of apoE-/- mice, we maintained apoE-/- mice with thymidine ... thymidine analog, BrdU in drinking water for one month The administration of BrdU on apoE-/- mice facilitates the detection of non- 124 proliferating plasma cellsin the bone marrow Indeed, ... plasma cellsin the bone marrow of apoE-/- mice Because we maintained the mice on BrdU in drinking water for one month, the result is also indicative that these plasma cells accumulated in the...
... fall into the state of anergy However, it remains to be determined if APOE protein is crucial in maintaining the anergy state of B cells 4.7 Role of B cell subpopulations However, it remains unclear ... clearer picture in our experimental settings of the onset of initiating humoral responses against oxLDL in vivo in the context of atherosclerosis 4.15.2 Importance of 7α, 25-OHC in mediating extrafollicular ... response in lymph node In our studies, we observed LN hypertrophy, which is indicative of immunological response In both skin draining and aorta draining LNs of apoE-/- mice, we found GC center reactions...