... of localization of the nanovector Studies focusing on polymeric nanoparticles as nanovectors have included the use of poly( lacticco-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and polylactide (PLA) that can be selectively ... B., Levchenko, T S., and Torchilin, V P., Intracellular delivery of large molecules and small particles by cell-penetrating proteins and peptides, Adv Drug Deliv Rev., 57(4), 637–651, 2005 18 Luo, ... include micelles42,43 and dendrimers.44 For example, Pluronicsw (copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide) are capable of forming micelles, and some members of Pluronic copolymers can...
... impaired cell signaling and ultimately causing cell death (79) Normal cells are proficient in all forms of DNA repair; however, deficiency of a particular DNA repair pathway in cancer cells can lead ... glioblastoma human cancer cell line and to test their ability to enhance cytotoxicity of laboratory and clinical chemotherapeutic agents The survival of SF767 human glioblastoma cells will be monitored ... Figure 25: Cell survival analysis of SF767 glioblastoma cells after treatment with AR03, MMS and TMZ alone 88 Figure 26: Cell survival analysis of SF767 glioblastoma cells after treatment...
... efflux [18] Several polymers have been proposed as nanocarriers for drug delivery systems For example, poly( d ,l- lactic acid) and poly( ε-caprolactone) [PCL] have been extensively used as nanocarriers ... represent the fluorescence intensity of NCtreated wells, background wells (wells without cells), and positive control wells (cells treated with 1% of Triton X-100), respectively The fluorescence ... hydrolyzation and polymerization of poly( vinylalcohol) on the preparation and properties of poly( dl-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticle Inter J Pharm 1997, 149:43-49 Govender T, Riley T, Ehtezazi...
... other tumors including esophageal cancer [63], thyroid cancer [55], small cell lung cancerand non-small cell lung cancer [18,64,65], testicular cancer [15,66], OCA [6,15,67], breast cancer [14,59], ... investigators showed nuclear localization of PTTG1 predominantly in HeLa, Cos-7, and DU145 cells, but diffuse nuclear and cytoplasmic localization in A549, DLD-1, and NIH3T3 cells Chien and Pei [23] showed ... expression levels of PTTG1 increased during cell proliferation and in mitosis in a cell cycle-dependent manner, which indicates its role in regulation of the cell cycle [53] Although the expression levels...
... oral curcumin daily, and levels of curcumin and its metabolites measured by HPLC in portal and peripheral blood [21] Curcumin was poorly available following oral administration, with low nanomolar ... powder of co-polymeric nanoparticles Lyophilization Pure co-polymeric nanoparticles in aqueous medium Co-polymer in H2O+ Drug in solvent Drug loaded in copolymeric nanoparticles Lyophilization ... nanoparticles comprised of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAM), N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone (VP) and poly( ethyleneglycol) acrylate (PEG-A) We demonstrate the essential non-toxicity of the void polymeric formulation...
... (Table 2) • Analysis of morphological and structural alterations on MCF-7 and 4T1 cell lines MCF-7 cells have predominantly fusiform morphology (Figure 5A), while 4T1 cells presented both spindle ... absorbance of the tested sample and [A]control is the absorbance of control sample (containing only culture medium) • Cell morphology and ultra-structural analysis The morphology and ultra-structural ... L- a-lysophosphatidylcholine because the formed vesicles are smaller and this leads to an increase in the permeability of the liposomal formulation through the cells [50] Basically, 360 Lof an...
... Molecular weight PAC Paclitaxel, anticancer drug PEG Poly( ethylene glycol) PBS Phosphate buffered saline PI Propidium iodide PLGA Poly( L- lactide-co-glycolide) PLLA Poly( L- Lactide) RES Reticulo Endothelial ... Endothelial System RNA Ribonucleic acid Rnase Ribonuclease SDS Sodium dodecyl sulfate TRAIL TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand zVAD benzyoxycarbonyl valanyl alanyl aspartyl xix LIST OF PUBLICATIONS ... Dox-loaded micelle/TRAIL nanocomplexes for an additional or hours Nuclei were stained blue with DAPI, and cellular distribution of Alexa Fluor 647-TRAIL and Dox-loaded P(MDS-co-CES) nanoparticle...
... level of H19 RNA in different human ovarian cancer cell lines Total RNA was extracted from the cell cultures The levels of H19 transcripts were detected by RT-PCR analysis in the following cell lines: ... regulatory sequences was tested both in ovarian cancer cell lines and in a subcutaneous nude mice model for ovarian cancer The results showed high killing potential in ovarian cancer cell lines and ... thirds of the cells and (+3) more than two thirds of cells (I-indicates the intensity of the signal, Q-indicates the quantity of signal) Some samples could not be analyzed due to lack of material...
... development of a wide range of human malignancies Accordingly, destruction of the H19 and IGF2 expressing tumor cells not only will eliminate part of the tumor but will also diminish the supply of ... Materials and methods Cell culture The human bladder carcinoma cell line T24P was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC; Rockville, MD) The human bladder carcinoma cell line ... released DT-A toxin from the lysed cells will not be able to enter neighboring cells in the absence of the DTB fragment [39] This approach not only will insure high killing activity but will...
... molecular weight and ligand attachment can be easily achieved The most widely studied polymers for gene therapy include poly (L- lysine) (PLL) and polyethylenimine (PEI) The nature of PEI polymers ... successive additions of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes including an incorporation of ligands into the DNA-polyelectrolyte shells which were mixed with Pluronic F127 gel and polyethylenimine [65] ... following cessation of the electrical field, these pores would close and the molecules would be trapped in the cytoplasm without causing cell death [25] Typically, milli- and microsecond pulses...
... delivery of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) This illustration depicts the cellular uptake of plasmid transferrin–polyethylene glycol–polyethyleneimine (Tf–PEG–PEI) nanoparticles and the mechanism of ... complexes increase the viscoelastic nature of the pericellular matrix, creating a highly malleable extracellular environment that supports the cell shape change necessary for cancer cell proliferation ... hallmarks ofcancer Cell 100, 57–70 Kroemer G & Pouyssegur J (2008) Tumor cell metabolism: cancer s Achilles’ heel Cancer Cell 13, 472–482 Wang F, Hansen RK, Radisky D, Yoneda T, Barcellos-Hoff...
... antigens, physiologically involved in cell-growth regulation, represents a complex role of these molecules in the tumor pathogenesis and the underlying molecular mechanisms are often only poorly understood ... against clonally expressed immunoglobulin on lymphoma cells, target antigens are generally not tumor-specific but also expressed on subsets of normal cells The overexpression of cell-surface ... describes the temporal sequence of the distribution and metabolism of a molecule in the body Molecules with low molecular weights undergo ultrafiltration from the plasma in the glomerulum of the kidney...
... camptothecin, paclitaxel, and platinate) and four polymers (N-(2-hydroxylpropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer, poly- Lglutamic acid, poly( ethylene glycol) (PEG), and Dextran) have been repeatedly used ... nanoparticles can be made from synthetic polymers, including poly( lactic acid) (PLA) and poly( lactic co-glycolic acid) 65, or from natural polymers such as chitosan66 and collagen67 and may be ... Currently, natural and synthetic polymers and lipids are typically used as drug delivery vectors; clinically approved formulations are listed in Table 1 The family of nanocarriers includes polymer...
... Fibroblasts CD8+ T cell Tumor cells CD4+ T cell Pericyte Tumo r capsu le ECM Endothelial cells Leukocytes Figure Schematic of the tumor microenvironment, including tumor cells, endothelial cells, ... proteolysis Integrins Role in attachment of endothelial cells to basement membrane, extracellular membrane, and other endothelial cells Multiple different and redundant factors are involved in ... internal fragment of plasminogen (kringles 1–4); kringles 1–3 and kringle also active 26-kD carboxy-terminal noncollagenous domain of a1 chain of Type IV collagen; inhibits endothelial cell (EC)...
... of McClelland RA, Finlay P, Walker KJ, Nicholson D, Robertson JF, Blamey RW, Nicholson RI: Automated quantitation of immunocytochemically localized estrogen receptors in human breast cancerCancer ... doi:10.1186/1477-7819-9-101 Cite this article as: Agrawal et al.: Clinical relevance of “withdrawal therapy” as a form of hormonal manipulation for breast cancer World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2011 9:101 Submit ... therapy allows resurgence of estrogenic stimulation leading to restoration of sensitivity to letrozole on its reintroduction In locally advanced and advanced breast cancer, ideally, inhibitors of the...
... metronomic use of prolonged, low oral doses of cyclophosphamide and methotrexate as palliative breast cancer treatment [10] While an example of new applications for relatively old and less expensive ... trial of low-dose gemcitabine in prolonged infusion and cisplatin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer Anticancer Drugs 2005, 16:1129-1134 Lassarat S, Jootar S: Ongoing challenges of a global ... achieving large scale feasibility in quality control, we suggest working at the small scale level to test random samples or pilot settings upon invitation from the local authorities in some developing...
... treatment of upper abdominal disease [11,12,35] However, optimal strategy of selection and delineation of the subclinical regional disease in clinical target volume (CTV) in the Figure Frequency of lymph ... cardial lymph Sun et al Radiation Oncology 2010, 5:28 http://www.ro-journal.com/content/5/1/28 Page of 13 Figure Flowchart of studies to final number of eligible studies Table Classification of ... regional lymph nodal stations was calculated and analyzed by Japan Pancreas Society (JPS) Classification [14] For all 5954 patients with pancreatic cancer (including head and body/tail of pancreas),...
... detail, the problem has some degree of complexity, since the relative position of a leaf to the closely following backup-jaw will influence the gradient of the penumbra as well as inter-leave-leakage ... – right oblique anterior and left oblique anterior, partially wedged beams (290°, 0°, 70°), the lower volume by left oblique anterior, left lateral and left oblique posterior, partially wedged ... means of amorphous silicon flat panel imaging (EPID) Because different collimator rotations (0°, ± 90°) will be applied in clinical cases for optimal MLC coverage and/ or to allow the insertion of...