... model; the body segment inertial parameters; kinematic behavior ofthe joints; the bony geometry and muscle attachment locations; the mathematical model of muscle force generation; the muscle force ... function such as the aggregate deviation from a given motion Each of these choices has the potential to affect the performance ofthe simulation and thus may also affect the validity of clinical applications ... energy and restrains the forward motion ofthe trunk; soleus has the opposite effects In late stance, the initiation of swing was found to be due to gastrocnemius alone Anderson and Pandy [37]...
... equations of three and four variables The aim of this paper is to present the generalization of this functional-analytic method forthestudyof linear and nonlinear partial difference equations of p ... see [11] andthe references therein) Also, by assuring the existence of a solution of a difference equation in the space or , we obtain information regarding the asymptotic behavior ofthe unknown ... fixed point theorems) from the wealth of operator theory, in order to assure the existence of a unique solution ofthe operator equation in H or H1 In the case of linear equations, we use the following...
... Table listing the identity ofthe PCR primers used forthe production ofthe amplicons, their exact coordinates on the genomes, the sizes ofthe probes generated andthe success ofthe amplification ... calculated for both the experimental and control andthe ratio of these was used as a scaling factor to adjust the values of all fluorescence measures forthe viral genes represented on the array Forthe ... data and printed the arrays NM printed the arrays and participated in some ofthe expression studies AP performed many ofthe expression studies andthe ChIP-chip analysis VL performed the ChIP-chip...
... is the range ofthe amorphous Pearson profile Rpb is the range ofthe channeled Pearson profile σ a is the standard deviation ofthe amorphous Pearson profile σ b is the standard deviation ofthe ... channeled and amorphous Pearson profiles, respectively, ratio is the ratio ofthe dose ofthe amorphous profile to the total dose and u is the coordinate along the depth A final profile will take the ... channeled Pearson profile γ a is the skewness ofthe amorphous Pearson profile γ b is the skewness ofthe channeled Pearson profile β a is the kurtosis ofthe amorphous Pearson profile - 28 - b β...
... of reward value andthe awareness ofthe emotional state The cortical processing ofthe magnitude ofthe reward ofthe stimuli to be aesthetically judged probably corresponds to activity in the ... Vartanian and Goel (2004), and has been related with the assessment ofthe relevance of motivational and emotional information andthe regulation of emotional responses (Bush et al., 2000) The studies ... involved in aesthetic preference The orbitofrontal cortex has often been related with the representation ofthe reward value of stimuli and with the integration of affective information relayed...
... letter describes the work and transmits the final report ofthe Committee on Proposal Evaluation for Allocation of Supercomputing Time fortheStudyof Molecular Dynamics, Second Round The committee ... of experts to evaluate the proposals submitted in response to the aforementioned RFP The committee of 17 was chaired by Dr Robert L Jernigan, Director ofthe Baker Center for Bioinformatics and ... the areas of protein-lipid interactions and channel functions and who provided the committee with an initial assessment of a subset ofthe proposal submissions The goal ofthe second RFP for Biomolecular...
... depends on the kind of data used (e.g the level of detail andthe amount of inherent ambiguity) andthe sampling method ‘Geometric’ methods might limit the number of orientations selected for docking ... In the docking literature one often finds the distinction between ‘bound’ and ‘unbound’ docking: the former refers to docking using the structures ofthe single proteins as they are present in the ... assessment of which residues ofthe labeled molecule are perturbed by the formation ofthe complex One then repeats this procedure with the second molecule labeled Under the assumption that the perturbed...
... 10 11 12 13 The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions BS and VT participated in the design ofthe study, performed the experiments and drafted the manuscript ... 4B shows that the majority of Huh7 cells were positive forthe HCV E2 glycoprotein and that the entire aggregate was permissive for HCV infection rather than just the cells at the periphery, ... Relevant to thestudyof HCV, expression ofthe HCV receptors CD81 and SR-B1 were both diffuse and poorly organized in 2-D cultured Huh7s cells, while their expression was increased and localized...
... 10 11 12 13 The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions BS and VT participated in the design ofthe study, performed the experiments and drafted the manuscript ... 4B shows that the majority of Huh7 cells were positive forthe HCV E2 glycoprotein and that the entire aggregate was permissive for HCV infection rather than just the cells at the periphery, ... Relevant to thestudyof HCV, expression ofthe HCV receptors CD81 and SR-B1 were both diffuse and poorly organized in 2-D cultured Huh7s cells, while their expression was increased and localized...
... Comparison of animal models forthestudyof retroviral infection The identification of HIV-1 as the causative agent of AIDS was followed only a year later by the recruitment of chimpanzees forthepurpose ... as the liver, lungs, and brain The uniqueness of this model is derived from its lack of NK cells; therefore, the lack of innate immunity allows forthe presentation of a susceptible model forthe ... development over the past 30 years The bottom half ofthe timeline denotes the emergence of key humanized mouse models The top half ofthe timeline denotes the application ofthe models to HIV-1 and HTLV1...
... action: ratio ofthe concentrations ofthe free receptor [R] andthe free ligand [L], to the concentration ofthe complex [RL] The concentrations ofthe free components are then given by the total ... Chapter Theory and Setup Here, Q is the product ofthe absorption coefficient andthe molecular quantum yield ofthe fluorescent species κ is the detection efficiency ofthe instrument including the detector ... constant k, the absolute temperature T andthe friction coefficient f Forthe case of a spherical molecule, f = 6πηr (2.20) where η is the viscosity ofthe solvent, and r is the radius ofthe sphere...
... asthma The protease activity ofthe allergen allows the allergen to penetrate through the epithelium Activation of PRRs on the dendritic cells lead to the maturation ofthe dendritic cells and antigen ... reserved for endogenous antigens DCs can be found in the upper layers ofthe epithelium and lamina propria ofthe airways These DCs are at an immature state Therefore, at steady state, uptake and ... IL-13) These mediators can profoundly affect the permeability ofthe vascular endothelium, allowing the migration of circulating immune cells to migrate through the endothelium into the site of inflammation...
... waste Thepurposeof this study is to document how the local people came to use the biogas plant for sanitation purpose, and to clarify the performance ofthe biogas plant forthe reduction ofthe ... know the benefit of having the connection of their latrines to biogas plants At the installation, the community agreed to share the 20% ofthe installation cost andthe 100% of cleaning cost of ... because the people were involved from the beginning ofthe installation and they understood the benefit ofthe option from the combination of hygiene education and their experience from the test...
... optimize the efficiency ofthe drive In this work, we will show how an extension ofthe Park transformation will lead to the 'jxeudo-dq" components ofthe electric variables The electric equations of ... electrical equations ofthe machine can therefore be written as follows : are the backemf (p is the number of pairs of poles ofthe machine, is its instantaneous position and Cl is the rotor r a " PW ... reduced by the use of look-up tables The aim of this study was to reach an efficient control ofthe instantaneous torque of a non-sinusoidal brushless DC motor The classical ways of traclang off-line...
... The last ofthe four kinds of parts is found in the center ofthe flower, and is called the pistil It is this part which forms the fruit and incloses the seed The stamens andthe pistil are the ... little studyofthe roots of trees is practicable, some knowledge of their forms, varieties, and parts is important The great office ofthe roots of all plants is the taking in of food from the ... other time ofthe year The plan of branching, the position, number, size, form, color, and surface of buds, as well as the arrangement ofthe leaves within the bud andthe peculiarities ofthe scales...
... Standing before one of my historical vestiges, how can I tell my tourists about the history of my country andthe courageous struggles of my people during the period of founding the nation and ... in the “Every man’s English Pronouncing Dictionary” by Daniel Jones, a very precious dictionary for English beginners Being aware ofthe preeminence ofthe English language in every aspect of ... important meetings and conferences or in summit talks between leaders of powerful countries To acquire correct and fluent English I should learn the basic rules of English Grammar and practice speaking...
... evaporated from the solution and NaOH in the solution is concentrated, resulting in the formation of chitosan due to the deacylation process, which may occur in the solution Thepurposeofthe demineralizing ... is the amount of metal ions adsorbed onto unit amount ofthe adsorbents (mg/g), Co and CA are the initial and final concentrations of metal ions (µg/ml), respectively, V is the volume ofthe ... (ml), and m is the weight ofthe chitin or chitin-dithizone adsorbents The effect of adsorbent mass on the amount of adsorbed Cd(II) ion was investigated using the same procedure, but the weight of...
... selection of patients for Page of 10 APBI [22,23], and these guidelines formed the basis for patient selection in the EBT multicenter study [20] Ofthe 65 patients that met the initial screening ... 2007 to March 2008 The Institutional Review Board at each ofthe 10 study sites approved thestudy protocol Thestudy was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and all applicable ... patients and tumors omitting critical surgical aspects ofthestudy [20] Herein we evaluate characteristics of both the ineligible andthe eligible patients, the complete listing of adverse events and...
... specificity ofthe autoantibody response is predictive ofthe specificity ofthe overall autoimmune response at the level of whole autoantigens Further studies will be necessary to determine whether ... profiling using antigen microarray technology does not provide direct information about the specificity ofthe T cells that mediate autoimmunity Although there are examples of discordance ofthe ... spreading ofthe autoantibody response may represent a common harbinger of more severe and progressive autoimmunity, providing the clinician with valuable prognostic information to guide the use of...
... one ofthe therapy optimizing study trials ofthe GPOH The documentation of radiotherapy is performed through local http://www.ro-journal.com/content/3/1/10 radiotherapists; the documentation forms ... reviewed and collected in thestudy centre in Münster In addition, the names of children who receive radiotherapy are collected from the therapy study centres ofthe GPOH study trials The documentation ... organs, the dose-volume histograms have to be characterized forthe lungs, the heart, the liver andthe kidneys In case ofthe thyroid gland andthe testes, dose measurements have to be performed...