... lines differed from gene to gene ranging from 128 lines (64%) in ScCbf11 to 198 (98%) in ScVrn1 Missing amplification products in individual lines were most likely the result of SNPs/Indels in ... of all cold-induced Cbf genes at the frost tolerance locus Fr-H2 in barley are significantly higher in lines harbouring the vrn1 winter allele than in lines harbouring the Vrn1 spring allele [19] ... genome In addition, higher levels of LD are observed in self-pollinating species compared to outcrossing species, indicating that mating systems play a role [23] Since rye is an outcrossing species,...
... Unique infected leaf R infected stem R Infected shoot R non-infected leaf R non-infected stem R non-infected shoot R infected leaf S Infected stem S Infected shoot S non-infected leaf S non-infected ... Osmotin-like protein TPM-1 precursor (PR P23) (Fragment) NP24 protein precursor (Pathogenesisrelated protein PR P23) Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase MAPKK Metallothionein-like protein SOS2-like ... susceptible infected libraries The resistant stem infected library had transcripts encoding PR protein such as β 1–3 glucanase and 14 kDa proline-rich protein, primary cell wall modifying proteins such...
... expression of 150 genes inresponse to wounding and insect feeding was carried out [58], finding that some of the responding genes, for which the inducing stimulus was unclear in these processes, ... stresses in sunflower Among them, many genes potentially encoding components involvedin photosynthesis, such as photosystem proteins, chlorophyllbinding proteins, Rubisco and light harvesting proteins ... stresses including drought, high salinity and cold [9-12] Transcriptome analysis using microarrays have proven to be a powerful tool for discovery of many stressed-induced genes involvedin stress response...
... protein kinase and woundinduced protein kinase, two MAPKs in group A, were activated by inoculation with the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) [10] Their orthologs in other plant species, including MPK3 ... and MPK6 in Arabidopsis (group A MAPKs), SIMK and SAMK in alfalfa, and LeMPK1 ⁄ (Lycopersicon esculentum SA-induced protein kinase) and LeMPK3 (L esculentum woundinduced protein kinase) in tomato, ... abiotic stresses (A) Virus infection-induced H2O2 accumulation detected by DAB staining (B) Abiotic stress-induced H2O2 and OÀ accumulation detected by DAB staining and NBT staining, respectively WT,...
... the increase in intracellular cAMP induced by dibutyryl cAMP and forskolin treatment increased relaxin-3 promoter activity These increases were inhibited by pretreatment with the protein kinase ... facilitate water intake as well as relaxin, suggesting that RXFP1 was involvedin this action [35] Concerning the chronic administration of relaxin-3, intracerebroventricular injection for 14 ... relaxin-3 is considered to be different from that of other relaxin proteins involvedin the growth and remodeling of reproductive and other tissues during pregnancy [10] In the mouse and rat brain,...
... of very-long-chain fatty acids involvedin hypersensitive cell death [16]; AtMYB96, an ABA/auxin cross-talker, mediating ABA signaling during drought stress and involvedin promoting pathogen resistance ... 15-day-old pVvMYB60:GUS seedling (E) Magnification of leaf primordia in (D), showing staining of differentiating stomata (F) Detail of a pVvMYB60:GUS mature leaf, showing staining of fully differentiated ... Histochemical analysis of GUS expression in pVvMYB60:GUS leaves inresponse to ABA (H) GUS staining of stomata in a control leaf (I), GUS staining of stomata following hours of exposure to 100 μM ABA...
... strain with a C6L gene deletion has shown an enhanced immune responsein vivo (manuscript in preparation), indicating that this protein may also be involvedin the regulation of the host immune response ... cell death interacting protein (PDCD6IP/ALIX), which has been involvedin apoptosis regulation, cytokinesis and HIV-1 budding VACV C6 also interacted with keratin (KRT4) and troponin I, skeletal, ... that participates in the regulation of the movements of phospholipids in membranes, and valosin containing protein p97/p47 complex interacting protein (VCPIP1), a deubiquitinating enzyme required...
... mM Herbimycin A inhibits nitric oxide production induced by BCG and SP-A-BCG complexes Activation of intracellular protein tyrosine kinases is a common pathway involvedin signalling induced by ... kinases in controlling microbial infection are the findings that pathogenic strains of various bacteria block inflammatory mediator production through inhibition of MAP kinases [21-23] Following ... extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/ 2), c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (JNKs), and p38 MAP kinase have been reported to be involvedin inflammatory mediator production inresponse to a wide variety...
... NM_014393 ▲ 1.52 regulation of transcription protein binding double-stranded RNA binding DNA binding ▼ 5.02 protein binding NM_001149 NM_004242 ▲- increased ▼- decreased Validation of microarray ... ethanol-induced expression and activation of cytokines and chemokines in monocytes and macrophages (including Kupffer cells) [41, 42], and ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal ... Interestingly, HMGN3 has been found to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs including vinblastine, topotecan, paclitaxel and doxorubincin in human hepatocellular carcinoma derived...
... to inhibit phase I and induce phase II carcinogen metabolizing enzymes that initiate carcinogenesis They also inhibit the promotion stage of carcinogenesis by inhibiting oxygen radical-forming ... this kind of information are found in Ody (1993) and Moore (1995) 14.2 Inadequate Testing of Herbal Medicine Products Many medicinal herbs have not yet been subjected to testing in human clinical ... making it less effective Ginger taken with anticoagulants may increase the risk of bleeding Ginkgo taken with anticoagulants or with aspirin or other NSAIDs may increase the risk of bleeding Ginkgo...
... mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (Shapiro et al 1998; Zecevic et al 1998) play a role in the spindle checkpoint (Table 1) Table Proteins involvedin mitotic spindle checkpoint regulation Protein Proposed ... binds to Bub1 and BubR1 Protein kinase, essential for establishment and maintenance of the spindle checkpoint Protein kinase, binds to INCENP, other substrates: CENP-A, Rec8, vimentin, desmin, ... vimentin, desmin, the kinesin MCAK, histone H3 Protein kinase, binds to INCENP and Aurora B Protein kinase Identified in Drosophila, binds to Zw10 Identified in Drosophila, binds to Rod Mad2 BubR1...
... processing operations Assign a disaster team Once this has been done, you should then develop disaster recognition and initial-reaction procedures At a minimum, these must include the following: Initial ... procedures You should take into consideration the following aspects: Procedures for ensuring and maintaining physical security Coordination of restoration for the original site Restoration of electronic ... plan are outlined in Fig 2.1 Figure 2.1: The basic steps of a typical disaster recovery plan Emerging Technologies for Disaster- Recovery Solutions In traditional disaster- recovery planning, a complete...
... camera, you’re taking the first step to becoming interested You can become interested in what you’re about to study in the same way you became interested in the waiting-room magazine Use your hidden ... has an interest in it! You can become interested in a subject when you involve yourself in it, even when you’re just role-playing (See Chapter 5, “Learning by Doing,” for more on role-playing and ... TO STUDY find yourself getting into the magazine so much that you’re almost disappointed when it’s time for your appointment You become interested in something new—something you haven’t learned...
... suggesting that the heterologous expression of genes encoding metalloproteins can lead to incorrect metal ion incorporation This is observed in rubredoxin and desulforedoxins where zinc, instead ... & Kalinowski J (1993) Genetic Engineering of Gram-positive bacteria In Genetic Engineering of Microorganisms (Puhler A ed), pp 83–133 ¨ Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 17 Elhariry H, Kawasaki H & Auling G ... ammoniagenes restricts the incorporation of iron into R2F in vivo, even in the absence of manganese, and it is the availability of manganese that is the limiting factor determining the amount of functional...
... implicated in other protein–protein interactions, a STAT protein DNA-binding domain and an SH2 domain, which binds phosphorylated tyrosine residues in the context of a longer peptide motif within a ... domains, including an N-terminal STAT protein interaction domain, which strengthens interactions between STAT dimers on adjacent DNA-binding sites, a coiled-coil STAT protein all-alpha domain, ... STAT protein all-alpha domain, STAT protein DNA-binding domain and SH2 domain of stat6, and the zinc-finger domain, leucine-zipper domain and fork-head domain of foxp3 In addition, for stat6 and...
... lending rates in the case of monetary tightening In the second period, the only asymmetry is detected in the response of the lending rate to a deviation in the long run relationship between the interest ... banking industry in the 1990s should have led to a faster adjustment of bank interest rates to monetary policy changes compared with the 1980s, when a certain degree of stickiness in bank interest ... an increase in competition in the 1990s In particular, the lower values of the loadings in the first part of the sample period indicate a more sluggish reversion to the long-run equilibrium in...
... Crassostrea gigas [5] Interestingly, this protein, named C gigas chitinase-like protein (CgClp1) was found to be involvedin the control of growth and remodelling processes in a manner similar ... blocked by incubating sections in 0.3% hydrogen peroxide in methanol for 30 at room temperature Slides were then washed and incubated in a blocking solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions ... finding that certain mammalian CLPs such as CLP-1 and MGP40 are specifically expressed during mammary gland involution [23,24] Considering Cg-Clp2 patterns of expression, this protein could be involved...
... Glutamine was effective in protecting the enzyme from inactivation and its effect was again dose-dependent, suggesting that inhibition by DON occurs at the active site or the glutamine-binding ... to participate in the metabolism of nucleotides In this context, the assertion that pyridoxine may be the precursor of the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin in yeast is intriguing [27] In fungi, pyroA ... respectively Identity of each protein was confirmed by N-terminal sequencing; the sequences were correct at least to the 9th cycle from the N-terminus including the initiating Met: MHKTHSTMS for Sno1p...
... a protein with covalently attached flavin, synthesized only in bacteria grown in the presence of nicotine The DNA carrying the sarcosine dehydrogenase-like ORF63, corresponding to a protein of ... isoalloxazine ring (Fig 5B, broken line, number 3) Phe in place of Trp66 resulted in a protein with noncovalently bound FAD, again showing no enzyme activity, and isolation of the flavin cofactor ... Organization of the genes involvedin dimethylglycine and sarcosine degradation in Arthrobacter spp implications for glycine betaine catabolism Eur J Biochem 268, 3390–3398 Minnaert, K (1965) Measurement...
... potentially involvedin proteinprotein interactions [13] This method indicates that among other candidates, residues Lys128 and Arg197 may be involvedin protein protein interactions These residues being ... directed against recombinant C reinhardtii CP12 (1 : 2000) or a rabbit antiserum directed against recombinant C reinhardtii GAPDH (1 : 5000) Antibody binding was revealed using alkaline phosphatase ... previously shown that proteinprotein interactions can result in information transfer, imprinting effects and can modify the regulatory properties of the enzymes involvedin this complex [1620] GAPDH...