information technology and the us economy

... below the world average. Sub-Saharan Africa and North Africa and the Middle East languished far below the world average. Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union lost enormous ground during the ... S. Ho, and Kevin J. Stiroh (2005), Information Technology and the American Growth Resurgence, Cambridge, The MIT Press. Jorgenson, Dale W., and Kazuyuki Motohashi (2005), Information Technology ... Timmer, and Ypma (2003, updated 2005). 15 See Jorgenson and Motohashi (2005). 16 WITSA stands for the World Information Technology and Services Alliance. Other important sources of data include the...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 05:21

... than a thousand companies and reveals some interesting results. The third essay applies the model developed in the second essay to study the difference in the adoption and pay-off of the Internet ... which uses its Web store front to take customer orders, but which must rely heavily on people and manual processes to fulfill the order efficiently and to the satisfaction of the customer. Thus ... involves processes and strategies both inside and outside the organization. These firms and their trading partners must deploy new business models, redesign the entire set of business processes...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... in the late 1970s. The difference between the FAO projection 60 The Frictionless Economy and the Forest Industry Hub In a connected economy practically everything can be marketed and sold using ... Recommended catalogue entry: Information Technology and the Forest Sector. Report by the IUFRO Task Force on Information Technology and the Forest Sector,” jointly organized by the International Union ... problem, and there are technical and practical limits to using recovered paper. Moreover, recovered paper will also inevitably end up in the landfill. Besides the landfill problem, there are all the...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 05:20

... strategic high- growth industry because of the fundamental role they play in information technology and high -technology weaponry. They view the development of the semiconductor industry as being vital ... passenger trips between the offshore islands and Fujian Province, including 144,234 from the offshore islands to the mainland, and 8,200 from the mainland to the offshore islands as of February 29, 2004 ... between the two offshore islands and the mainland. As part of that expansion of the mini-three links, the Taiwanese government also expanded the list of products that the offshore islands can...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 22:20

... little morebrightly.Theseare the employeesof the automaker beingrefreshedwithnewlight.Anothertransferofwealth hastakenplace. The autoworkersinturnmakepurchases fromotherbusiness,small and large, and the lightcontin- uestoparadethrough the tunnel. We also know that behind the walls of the tunnel there are more businesses and interconnections ... way “takingover.”There is little attention given to the more mundane and immediatethreatsto the jobmarket and the overall economy.  Perhaps the technologists just assume that once the technology ... ob- viouslydon’tcaterdirectlyto the globalmassmarket,theyarenone- thelessintegratedinto the activitythatoccursin the tunnel, and they are heavily impacted by the overall health and vitality of the mass market. THE LIGHTS IN THE TUNNEL / 12 CopyrightedMaterial–Paperback/Kindle...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... biotechnology and genetics could be considered a type of information science because it is focused on cataloging and understanding the information inourDNA. THE LIGHTS IN THE ... were the firstcommerciallyavailablepersonalcomputerstohavea graphical interface and a mouse. The university had pur- chaseddozensofthesenewcomputers, and studentswere now using them in their courses rather than the main- frame. The original ... are growingdark.Nowweseethatmanyof the verybrightest lightsin the tunnelfinallyfeel the impact and alsobeginto losetheirlight. The ownersof the businessesin the tunnel areseeingmuchoftheirwealthgraduallydrainaway. The ...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... madeeven morechallengingby the factthat the objectscouldbein manypossibleorientationsorconfigurations.Consider the simplecaseofapairofsunglassessittingonatable. The sunglassesmightbeclosedwith the lensesfacingdown,or with the lensesup.Orperhaps the glassesareopen with the lenses oriented vertically. Or maybe one side of the glassesisopen and the other closed. And, ofcourse, the glassescouldberotatedinanydirection. And perhapsthey are ... securities werethensoldtobanks and financialinstitutionsallover the world,with the understandingthattheywereverylow riskinvestments. When the subprimeborrowersstarteddefaulting, the valueof the mortgage-backed securitiesplunged, and the derivativesdidnotworkasexpected.Inmanycasesitwas difficultorimpossibletocalculatetheirvalue.Inaddition, financialinstitutionshadengagedinmanyothercomplex interrelationships ... has quicklyattracted the noticeof the Securities and Exchange Commission and mayresultinnewregulation. Astheseexamplesshow,wecanexpectthat the rate ofchange and the volatilityofnearlyeverythingaround us will...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... food—all of these and countless thousandsofotherstructures and chemicalsthatcomprise ourbodies and make us functionareproteins. And they areallconstructedthroughnanotechnology. Itislikelythat the coming“nanotech”revolutionwill begin ... demand will in- crease, and the economy will therefore produce more goods and services.Inotherwords, the samenumberof workerswillbeemployedbuttheywillproducemore. 32  The ... the checkoutislealtogether. The specterofnearfullyautomatedsupermarkets and chainretailstoresiscauseforgenuineconcern.Theseare now the jobsoflastresort.Theseare the jobsthatworkers displacedfromotherindustriestakebecausethereisnoth- ingbetteravailable.Lookbackat the tableonpage59.We havealreadymentionedthat3.5millioncashiersarepoten- tiallyatrisk. The tableshowsanother4millionretailsales- persons and 2.3millionlaborers and freight,stock and ma- terialmovers,aswellas1.7millionstockclerks and order fillers.Whatnewjobscouldwepossiblyfindforallthese people? Readanyarticlein the popularpressabout the fieldof robotics and itspotentialfutureimplications, and youwill almostinvariablyfindasentencepointingoutthat“in the future,...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... bysix monthsorso.Likewise,recoveryfromarecessionisvery oftenprecededbyarisein the stockmarket. This predictive feature also applies to all the other various markets with which we interact, including the housingmarket, the jobmarket, and the massmarketfor goods ... purchasing the goods they are producing. Or eveniftheycanaffordtobuythoseproducts,theyareun- likelytodo sobecausetheyaremuchmoreinterestedin THE LIGHTS IN THE TUNNEL ... within their capabilities, then how will they acquire the income necessary to create the demand thatinturndrivesproduction?Ifweconsider the singular- ityinthiscontext,thenisitreallysomethingthatwillnec- essarilypush us forwardexponentially?Orcoulditinac- tualityleadtorapideconomicdecline? *    * The technologistswhospeculateabout the singularitydon’tseemtoo concerned...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... to decline.Rememberthatwearetalkinghereaboutaverage workers.Toget the graphabove,youmighttake the dis- tributionofincomesin the UnitedStates and thenelimi- nateboth the richest and the poorestpeople.Thengraph the averageincomeof the remaining“typical”people (the bulk of consumers) ... by industries,productionbecomesmoreefficient.Thisresults insomelossofjobs,butitalsoresultsinlowerpricesfor goods and services.Inotherwords,itputsmoremoneyin consumers’ pockets. These consumers then go out and buyallkindsof things, and so the resultisincreasedde- mandfor the productsproducedbyalltypesofindustries. Some ... the advancednationsof the worldrich. The reasonforthisgoesbackto the economists’ex- planationfor the “Ludditefallacy”whichwediscussedin the previous chapter. As new technology is adopted by industries,productionbecomesmoreefficient.Thisresults insomelossofjobs,butitalsoresultsinlowerpricesfor goods and services.Inotherwords,itputsmoremoneyin consumers’...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... the name,butofwhich theywillhearagreatdealin the yearstocome—namely, technologicalunemployment.Thismeansunemploymentdueto ourdiscoveryofmeansofeconomising the useoflabour outrunning the paceatwhichwecanfindnewusesforla- bour. *   Keynesrecognizedthat,in1930,technologicalunem- ploymentwouldbeatemporaryphenomenon and that the economy wouldeventuallyabsorb the excessworkers. The mainthrustofhisessaywastoattempttolookmuchfur-   * Today,wheneconomistsdiscuss the causesof the GreatDepression, they tend tofocusalmostexclusively on the monetary policyof the FederalReserve.Whilethereislittledoublethat the overlyrestrictive policies ... Amazon ronment:includingtoxicpollution,overuseofpublicre- sources, and,  of course, the climate change effects asso- ciated with the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhousegasses. 3. Technology Productionisalsolimitedby the sophisticationof the ma- chines,processes and techniquesthatareavailable.Ihave arguedherethat,as technology advances,itwillultimately becomeindependentoflabor.Machineswillevolveto the pointwheretheyarenolongertoolsusedbyworkers,but insteadautonomousproducers. 4. ... which meansdesireforaproductorservicecombinedwith the ability and willingnesstopayforit.Nobusinesswillinvest in production unless there is either existing market de- mandor the reasonableexpectationofsuchdemandin the foreseeablefuture. The idea that...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... wisdom isthatafencehasbeenerectedwithinoursociety.On the lush, garden side of the fence, are workers who have strongeducations and training.Thesepeoplearebeneficia- riesof the information age.On the toxicwastelandsideof the ... Wecanexpectthattechnologicaladvancewillgiveriseto entirelynewindustriesin the future.However, the reality isthatfewifanyofthesearelikelytobelaborintensive. Bytheirverynature,thesenewindustrieswilltendtorely on information technology ... the case?Isthereafundamentalreasonwhyacceleratingtech- nologyshouldimpactnearlyeveryaspectofourlives—but notimpact the way the economy works?AsIpointedout inChapter2,advancing information technology because itenabled the creation and distributionoffinancialderiva- tives—hascertainlyplayedanimportantrolein the severi- tyof the currenteconomiccrisis.Isuspectthatthisisjust a...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... 1 LarryPageonAIatGoogle:Web:http://news.cnet.com/2100- 11395_3-6160372.html video:http://news.cnet.com/1606-2_3- 6160334.html?tag=mncol;txt  2 Kurtzweilhasa$20,000betwithMitchKaporthatacomputerwill pass the “TuringTest” and thusexhibithuman-likeintelligence(see lastsectionof the Appendix)by the year2029.Web: http://www.longbets.org/1 Chapter 1: The Tunnel 3 US CensusBureau,2004,web:http://www.census.gov/Press- Release/www/releases/archives/education/004214.html  4 Percentageofworld’spopulationinpoverty,see the graphbasedon WorldBankdataat http://www.globalissues.org/article/26/poverty-facts -and- stats .Myfocushereisnotonextremepoverty,whichismeasuredat 1-3dollarsperday,butonanincomelevelthatpreventspeoplefrom beingviablemassmarketconsumers. 5 DorisKearnsGoodwin,TeamofRivals: The PoliticalGeniusofAbraham Lincoln,Simon and Schuster,2005,p77. 6 “Howdeeply the curseofslavery…”,LetterfromWilliamH.Seward toAlbertH.Tracy,June25,1835.AlbertH.TracyPapers,NewYork StateLibrary,AlbanyNY(ascitedinTeamofRivals,p77). ... acentrallyplanned economy,  and perhaps most chillingly, the overthrow of govern- ments and a“dictatorshipof the proletariat.”In the wake of the collapse of communism, these ideas ... Thisbookhasprimarilybeenconcernedwith the potential economicimpactofwhatresearchersin the fieldofartifi- cialintelligencewouldcallnarrowAI.Inotherwords,ma- chines and softwarethatarecapableofsophisticatedanal- ysis,decisionmaking and reasoningwithinarelativelynar- rowfieldofapplication.Suchmachinesarenotreallyintel- ligentinanymeaningfulsense—buttheyarehighlycom- petentatperformingspecificcomplextasks and maywell exceed the capabilityofahumanworker. NarrowAIapplicationsarealreadyinwidespreaduse; expertsystemssuchas the softwarethatcanautonomous- lypilot and landairliners and manyof the advancedfea- tures built into Internet search engines and multiplayer role playing...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 21:20

... securities werethensoldtobanks and financialinstitutionsallover the world,with the understandingthattheywereverylow riskinvestments. When the subprimeborrowersstarteddefaulting, the valueof the mortgage-backed securitiesplunged, and the derivativesdidnotworkasexpected.Inmanycasesitwas difficultorimpossibletocalculatetheirvalue.Inaddition, financialinstitutionshadengagedinmanyothercomplex interrelationships ... madeeven morechallengingby the factthat the objectscouldbein manypossibleorientationsorconfigurations.Consider the simplecaseofapairofsunglassessittingonatable. The sunglassesmightbeclosedwith the lensesfacingdown,or with the lensesup.Orperhaps the glassesareopen with the lenses oriented vertically. Or maybe one side of the glassesisopen and the other closed. And, ofcourse, the glassescouldberotatedinanydirection. And perhapsthey are ... has quicklyattracted the noticeof the Securities and Exchange Commission and mayresultinnewregulation. Astheseexamplesshow,wecanexpectthat the rate ofchange and the volatilityofnearlyeverythingaround us will...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

... food—all of these and countless thousandsofotherstructures and chemicalsthatcomprise ourbodies and make us functionareproteins. And they areallconstructedthroughnanotechnology. Itislikelythat the coming“nanotech”revolutionwill begin ... the checkoutislealtogether. The specterofnearfullyautomatedsupermarkets and chainretailstoresiscauseforgenuineconcern.Theseare now the jobsoflastresort.Theseare the jobsthatworkers displacedfromotherindustriestakebecausethereisnoth- ingbetteravailable.Lookbackat the tableonpage59.We havealreadymentionedthat3.5millioncashiersarepoten- tiallyatrisk. The tableshowsanother4millionretailsales- persons and 2.3millionlaborers and freight,stock and ma- terialmovers,aswellas1.7millionstockclerks and order fillers.Whatnewjobscouldwepossiblyfindforallthese people? Readanyarticlein the popularpressabout the fieldof robotics and itspotentialfutureimplications, and youwill almostinvariablyfindasentencepointingoutthat“in the future, ... accidents; howeverovertimetheycouldevolveinto technology ca- pableofdriving the carautonomously—justasjetairliners nowroutinelyfly and landwithoutassistance. While the technology forautomated...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 18:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 18:20