... administration of DTC and zinc ions did not change protective effect of DTC on the two lymphatic organs of zinc ions and DTC not only counteracted the suppressive action of stress on the proliferative ... Germany), and L-glutamine (Serva, Germany) at a concentration of 30 mg/500 ml, and gentamycin (Sigma, USA) at a concentration of 50 mg/ 500 ml of the medium The viability of each thymocyte suspension ... with zinc ions interaction on the total number of thymocytes and splenocytes and weight of the thymus and spleen in restrained mice As reported in Table 1, the total number of thymocytes and splenocytes...
... language and target language by way of not only informants but also mutation and observation, and theoretically we are keen on identifying the conditions or justification of translation equivalence ... system may on the other hands, be considered as production of action andon the other as conditioning element of further action" (1952: 181) Culture is defined by Scollon as "Culture is any of the ... principle rule of the construction and development of Vietnamese nation is to strengthen the nation's position and protect the construction and defense has become the symbol of the patriotism of Vietnam...
... 2000-2013, Ministry of Culture, Sport & Tourism - Vietnam National Administration of Tourism Y Yoon and M Uysal, “An examination of the effects of motivation and satisfaction on destination loyalty: ... this destination [25]-[27] While destination expectations are formed by visitors’ past experience, recommendation of friends and family, tourist information and promises of destination marketers ... Rudatin, and T Rimenta, “Roles of motivation and destination image in predicting tourist revisit intention: A case of Bandung – Indonesia,” International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology,...
... bioconcentration factor and exposure concentration for metals: implications for hazard assessment ofmetals in the aquatic environment Environ Toxicol Chem 22:1017–1037 OECD (Organisation for Economic ... behavior ofmetals in aquatic and terrestrial environments These processes include speciation, complexation, precipitation, and transformation/dissolution ofmetals in the soil, water column, and ... reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use Information contained herein...
... and IMPT for Patient Dose distributions in axial coronal and sagittal views for RA, HT and IMPT for Patient Figure Dose distributions in axial coronal and sagittal views for RA, HT and IMPT for ... distributions in axial coronal and sagittal views for RA, HT and IMPT for Patient Dose distributions in axial coronal and sagittal views for RA, HT and IMPT for Patient Figure Dose distributions in ... Dose distributions in axial coronal and sagittal views for RA, HT and IMPT for Patient conformity index inferior to 1.3 Page of 19 (page number not for citation purposes) Radiation Oncology 2009,...
... Effect of Orientation on Properties 111 Deformation at Lower Temperatures 116 Deformation at Higher Temperatures 124 On the Composition of Superalloys 129 Rafting 130 Effect of Composition and Temperature ... The deformation of a metal specimen begins with the application of a load There are two kinds of high-temperature strain, namely, deformation under constant stress σ (i.e creep) and deformation ... physical mechanism of deformation and a strain rate equation are considered Data are presented on the connection between meansquare amplitudes of atomic vibrations in the hardening phase and the creep...
... Investigation Technique consists of a frame and an electronic valve (a so-called diode mechanotron) Deformation of the frame because of stress is transmitted through the screw 10 to the stem of the ... of a diffraction curve usually takes from to 10 and is repeated three times In Fig 2.2 the formationof diffracted radiation is presented Sections of the Evald sphere are shown A projection of ... substitutional solid solutions and superalloys Metals with face-centered and body-centered crystal lattices were examined: nickel, copper, iron, vanadium, niobium and molybdenum Nickel andiron are...
... distribution in the size of these values, however, one may consider the mean values The accuracy of the method is of concern We have used the t-distribution for evaluation of the relative error of the ... kinks and loops that have been observed in this work for different metals show convincingly that the formationof jogs takes place during high-temperature deformation Assuming that the kinks and ... slows the dislocation and lags behind Even the highest resolution of the electron microscope is not sufficient for direct observation of jogs, since their length is of the order of one interatomic...
... primary stage of deformation and the role of sub-boundaries as obstacles for slipping dislocations increases At the end of the substructure formation the dislocation arrangement is ordered and a steady-state ... generation of vacancies near jogs (energy of activation Ed ); the diffusion of vacancies along the dislocations (energy of activation Ud ); transition of vacancies to the volume (Udv ); diffusion of ... interaction of dislocations having the same sign is facilitated by the high-temperature conditions and applied stress These conditions make it easy for dislocations to move andfor the edge components...
... Simulation of the Evolution of Parameters during Deformation 5.1 Parameters of the Physical Model In the previous chapter the physical model of the high-temperature dislocation deformation in metals ... numerical solution over an interval by combining the information from several Euler-style steps (each involving one evaluation of the right-hand side of equations) and then using the information obtained ... cause of the formationof dislocation walls is the interaction between dislocations of the same sign resulting in a decrease in the internal energy of the system At the end of the substructure formation...
... rate of the preliminary de- formed nickel specimens versus applied stress Temperature 873K B, without deformation; C, deformation 3%; D, deformation 7% 79 80 Simulation of the Parameters Evolution ... ρ1 and ρ2 are almost constant, hence the rates of the mobile dislocation generation andof the dislocation annihilation (immobilization) are equal The sum of the positive terms on the right-hand ... Dislocations during Stationary Creep At the steady-state deformation the rates of the dislocation generation and annihilation seem to be equal and the parameters λ and D are constant Thus, we should...
... High-temperature Deformation of Superalloys Manonukul et al [37] have proposed an expression for the dependence of the strain rate on the volume fraction of the γ phase of the form f (c) = (4π/3c)1/3 ... diffusion-controlled movement of dislocations in the ordered γ phase seems to be the most probable one There is good reason to believe that, in these conditions, the slip of the deforming dislocations ... the activation energy of generation and migration of vacancies in the ordered phase The sum of these values is known to be the energy activation of diffusion in the γ phase The value of area A...
... Deformation of Single-crystal Superalloys at Lower Temperatures and Higher Stress Single-crystal superalloys have salient features in response to the applied stress conditions The deformation ... High-temperature Deformation of Superalloys An energetically efficient mechanism of an elementary diffusion event in the γ phase consists of a certain cycle of a vacancy shift The nodes of both sublattices ... properties of a new superalloy This approach does not take into account the physical processes The structure of alloys, solution and precipitation of phases, the influence of elements on interatomic bonds,...
... to a deformation on the {111} < 112 > slip system After some deformation and a lattice rotation the strain is associated with at least two slip systems of type {111} < 112 > The influence of stress ... boundaries In the conditions under consideration the γ phase, being a soft constituent, is the source that generates deforming dislocations The precipitates are permitted to deform only elastically, ... activated The lattice rotation which occurs is considered to be a superposition of the deformation associated with two or more {111} < 112 > slip systems 7.2 Deformation at Lower Temperatures The...
... strength of alloys: P = T [15 + log t1% ]103 (8.1) where T is temperature of the tests, t1% is the time of 1% deformation of a specimen, 15 is an empirically determined value 149 150 Deformation of ... dislocation In the general case one may consider the edge and screw components of the mixed dislocation In reality dislocation lines can have any shape, they can form loops and networks and they ... dislocation tension (Remember, the bowing of the dislocation creates more dislocation line and increases the energy of the system) The dislocation is able to continue slipping and a dislocation loop...
... mechanism of strain 96–98 – prediction of properties 106–108 – trends of development 129 v vacancies – energies offormation 46, 52 – energy of diffusion 46, 47, 52 – loops and helicoids 39 velocity of ... physical model i interaction of dislocations with particles 89–94 j jogs in dislocations – formation 55, 56 – in crept metals 36–38 m metals – copper 27, 28, 30 – iron 31–35 – molybdenum 146–151 ... calculation for pure metals 51–53 – equations 49, 51–53, 95, 96, 100, 137–140 – structural peculiarities 40 d deformation map – iron 64 – molybdenum 150 – nickel 63 – niobium 145 density of dislocations...
... bioconcentration factor and exposure concentration for metals: implications for hazard assessment ofmetals in the aquatic environment Environ Toxicol Chem 22:1017–1037 OECD (Organisation for Economic ... uses of hazard information: • • • • • environmental hazard classification of substances; ranking and/ or selection of priority substances; Selection of contaminated sites for further evaluation; ... reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use Information contained herein...
... concentration will remain constant The uptake and elimination rate constantsformetals are conditional constants that vary with the exposure conditions However, ku can vary with speciation, and ... nature of the gill and gut environment The gill environment reflects the composition of the external solution to a certain extent although gradients in proton and other ion concentrations exist ... phase and include generic background concentrations formetals (except for TBT which are [in μg/l] for Cd, 0.08; for Hg, 0.01; for Tl, 0.04; for Pb, 0.2; for Cu, 0.4; for Zn, 2.8, andfor Ni,...
... 2003 Inverse relationship between bioconcentration factor and exposure concentration for metals: implications for hazard assessment ofmetals in the aquatic environment Environ Toxicol Chem 22:1017–1037 ... given for information purposes only 5.7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Based on the basic principles associated with toxicity testing and data interpretation for metals, there is clear need for ... Environ Contam Toxicol 41:8–21 Janssen CR, Heijerick DG 2003 Algal toxicity testing for environmental risk assessments of metals: physiological and ecological considerations Rev Environ Contam...
... Information regarding the relative importance of aging reactions for different metalsand metalloids is limited Aging reactions can affect both partitioning ofmetals in soil and assessment of ... validity of a threshold-ranking approach for hazard assessment 6.6 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Ranking of critical loads ofmetals differ, depending on the consideration of either steady-state concentrations ... useful for ranking the hazard posed by metals, due to homeostasis for essential metals or nonlinear concentration-uptake relationships for nonessential metals, and because food concentration does...