... temporal and spatial accessibility and overall acceptability of NSP Intrinsic advantages of each can offset the shortcomings ofthe other Despite the relatively small volume of publications a clear and ... modes of NSP The most important advantage of dispensing machines is their anonymous and off-peak services when other outlets are closed The findings of French trials consistently found that these ... articles/reports on this topic and wrote the first draft ofthe manuscript KMC critically analysed the manuscripts, corrected and revised all the versions Both the authors read and approved the final manuscript...
... account for the dispersion and transport capacity of polluting emissions The model includes measures ofthe annual average and seasonal changes (measured as the standard deviation ofthe monthly ... to the regression Other diagnostic techniques and heuristic criteria were employed to ensure the goodness of fit ofthe model, and that the predictions ofthe model for all 3211 cities in the ... we propose that the log linear model of exposure andthe average of all years of available exposure be used, since the resulting estimate ofthe disease burden is likely to have the minimum measurement...
... University ofBirmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright ofthe author and/ or third parties The intellectual property rights ofthe author ... Country of origin Eight studies were conducted in the Netherlands, six in Italy, two in Sweden, two in Austria, and one each from Canada, Croatia, Israel, Northern Ireland, Finland, and England Recruitment ... including doctors (Booth, 1991) As such, they may eat gluten containing products to avoid the difficulties of others not understanding the importance ofthe diet, and to ‘fit in’ (Olsson, Hornell, Ivarsson,...
... Adults Prevalence Prevalence, the percentage ofthe population with a history of cancer, is a function of both new cases of cancer andthe survivability of cancer Over 5% of American adults—10.6 million ... with 3%, 2%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, of older men TheBurdenof Cancer in American Adults Two percent of middle-aged and 7% of older women have a history of breast cancer, the most common cancer ... respectively TheBurdenof Cancer in American Adults Mortality and survival Cancer mortality is a function of both the incidence and survivability of cancer Cancer is the second leading cause of death...
... 1980 for Germany, the Netherlands andthe UK; from December 1980 for Switzerland; and from January 1982 for Japan The Chi Square is reported on the vertical axis Germany The Netherlands 150 150 125 ... returns in both the domestic country andthe US for bonds Standard errors are reported in parenthesis J-Stat denotes the p-value ofthe Jstatistic to test the null hypothesis that the overidentifying ... J-stat The results refer to the estimation of system (14) by one stage GMM estimation with theoptimal weighting matrix being the unity matrix The estimated coefficients ofthe system of equations...
... burden by the IF Sensitivity analyses were done by calculation of lower and upper estimates oftheburdenof disease based on the confidence limits ofthe relative risk or on the assumption of different ... WHO was planned as one ofthe outputs ofthe GBD 2000 project to strengthen these aspects (WHO 2004b) In particular in the CRA framework: • Theburdenof disease due to the observed exposure distribution ... advise on the extent of effects of air pollutants on health in the UK including an estimate ofthe number of people affected 25 Theburdenof disease attributable to environmental pollution The estimates...
... fewer than 4% ofthe world’s new cases of each of these cancers occur in the United States In of these Asian countries, lung cancer has the highest incidence rate (age-standardized) of all cancers ... all countries ofthe world, maintained by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) The quality ofthe data varies by country, depending on the extent and accuracy ofthe locally available ... 48% ofthe world’s population (6.7 billion) • China and India together account for 37% of world population • The median age ofthe population varies widely among the countries, from a low of 19...
... theburdenof disease in the estimating theburdenof TB in the country4 The country the country, updating the technique followed heretofore, by incorporating the findings of JPR and multiple ... prevalence of bacteriological and radiological cases5, This, in the first place, was in recognition ofthe limitation ofthe yield of bacteriological cases by the investigation of only two samples of ... structure of 2000 A weightage was Government of India convened an 'Expert given for the size ofthe population covered in each Committee' in 2000 and assigned them the task of survey to estimate the burden...
... combination of these two impacts, auto-enrollment may not be in andof itself driving the ‘all-in’ fee lower Rather, the lower fee may be attributed to some other factors such as the age ofthe plan, the ... III describes the characteristics ofthe plan sponsors that participated in the survey Section IV explains the mechanics of how fees are charged andthe services that the plans and their participants ... accounts were offered by 15% of plans and accounted for 37% ofthe assets, while commingled trusts were used by 20% of plans and accounted for 24% of all assets The large amount of assets in separate...
... for defining and capturing the essence of ‘quality’ Among the earliest and most prominent are Donabedian’s explorations of a definition andofthe process involved in the provision of quality care’ ... in the following manner: f i e Concept of ‘Structure’: was considered to encompass the stable features ofthe providers of reproductive care, the tools and resources at their disposal, andthe ... manage the technical and personal aspects of health The Concept of ‘Outcome’:includes two elements: the direct impact of treatment on the current or future health of a woman or her newborn, and the...
... outcome ofthe model, as shown in Table 3.2 These are the ecotoxicity and bioaccumulation, the speciation and partitioning reactions among water, sediment, and soil, andthe role ofthe biota ... level is and that the fraction ofthe compound available to enter the environment is 100% For assessingthe hazard of metal substances, the model requires specification ofthe loading to the system ... result, the conclusions that are drawn are often of questionable validity Compounding all of these problems is the failure ofthe classical PBT approach to consider, in any way, the quantity of the...
... had concerns with the quality of advice in the other quarter In 11% of mystery shops we felt the advice was unsuitable for the customer and in a further 15% the adviser did not gather enough information ... services and remuneration with the customer The adviser went through the contents ofthe firm’s ‘Keyfacts about our services and costs’ document with the customer at the beginning of their first ... concerned 12 Assessingthe quality of investment advice in the retail banking sector Section – Key causes of poor advice about these failings as the majority ofthe mystery shops based upon the short,...
... envisioned in the Programme of action Olsen and Zeckhauser (1966) were the first to check whether there exist in the practice ofthe NATO some form of ‘exploitation’ by the small countries ofthe large ... consisting ofthe level of literacy, life expectancy and GDP per capita To get a clear picture of what might be at stake the gap variable is split up by the HDI of both the donor andthe HDI ofthe ... programs and can therefore not neglect the efforts of others if they want to achieve goals that are in line with the agenda set by the participants ofthe Cairo conference They are dependent on others...
... on the PSSA It therefore has an ASA of 80 The school with the lowest level of student achievement across all tests has an average of 13% of its students achieving proficiency on the PSSA It therefore ... schools and K-8s in Pittsburgh We separately examine feeder schools and magnet schools, and separately examine the achievement of black students and white students (because the population ofthe ... PPS uses the Pennsylvania System of Student Assessment (PSSA) in grades 3, 5, 8, and 11, andthe Terra Nova and New Standards Reference Exams interspersed in other grades (see Gill and Engberg,...
... health and education combined.(2,99) On average 15% ofthe GDP the early nineties, and has taught local cardiologists how to theof African states is in the form of foreign aid, yet the cost of ser- ... Organisation The WHO Global Programme for the prevention of RF/RHD Report of a consultation to review progress and develop future activities 2000 (WHO document WHO/CVD/00.1) 62 Bertrand E Theburdenofthe ... prominent “youth bulge” of developing nations The bulk ofthe population is under 25 years old, the age group most affected by the twin epidemics of acquired (rheumatic) andcongenital heart disease...
... possible risk The attributable fraction of disease burden in the population is determined by the prevalence of exposure to the risk factor in the population andthe relative risk (RR) of disease ... across the range 0.4 - 0.8 For the RR input variables we specified a normal distribution, with the natural logarithm ofthe published RR estimates as the entered means ofthe distribution andthe ... older, to the total attributable burden is shown in Fig Theburdenof disease attributed to the use of household solid fuels is dominated by theburden caused by ALRIs in children under years of age,...
... (information “nuggets”) in different summaries on the same topic, and whether they annotate them consistently This can be done using the “autoannotate” function ofthe Pyramid process, where all SCU contributors ... consider the 2011 assessor consistency data in Table and Figure If we exclude topics by the worst performing assessor from each of these categories, recalculate the summarizer rankings, and then ... on the performance of automatic evaluation metrics, which might be unfairly penalized by their inability to emulate random human mistakes Table shows ROUGE-2 (Lin, 2004), one ofthe state -of -the- art...
... study.4 The results of our study are of twofold interest First, they provide guidance for the developers of reference resolvers who might prioritize the scope of their systems to make them more ... form the dependency representation ofthe bridging relation Br and must be provided by the interface between the discourse andthe inference systems Clearly, their exact form depends on the set of ... useful for handling pronouns (14% of all substitution instances), the replacement of named entities by synonymous names (32%), the replacement of other NPs (38%), andthe substitution of verbal...