... section ask about the presence ofthe symptom during the past month and then there is a more detailed assessment ofthe presence, frequency, duration, and severity ofthe symptom during the past seven ... at the time ofthe design ofthe study Schools were selected according tothe following rules: a) all senior high schools ofthe major cities in the North-Western Part of Greece (Regions of Epirus ... and Aetoloakarnania) due tothe proximity with the University of Ioannina, b) all senior high schools in one randomly selected district ofthe Athens Greater Area (the district of Kallithea was...
... synthesized within viroplasms, which led tothe hypothesis that the entering viral particles could serve as points of nucleation for the formation of viroplasms [8] In this work, the dynamics of ... in the number of viroplasms and in the amount ofthe NSP2 protein was observed The size of viroplasms was observed to increase when higher MOI’s were used There are several possibilities to explain ... observed, however, only ofthe viral particles observed colocalized with viroplasms, while the rest appeared independent of each other in the cell cytoplasm Discussion The formation of viroplasms has...
... to embryo-larval stagesof fish Toxicity of atrazine to embryo-larval stagesof fish Toxicity of Capacitor 21 to embryo-larval stagesof fish •••• Toxicity of chlorobenzene to embryo-larval stages ... acid (2,4-0) to embryo-larval stagesof fish Toxicity of dioctyl phthalate (DOP) to embryo-larval stagesof fish Toxicity of malathion to embryo-larval stagesof goldfish •• Toxicity of trisodium ... embryo-larval stagesof fish • • • Toxicity of chloroform to embryo-larval stagesof rainbow trout Toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenol (DCP) to embryo-larval stagesof fish • • • • • • • • Toxicity of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic...
... the enrichment of histone-associated mono- and oligonucleosomes released into the cytoplasm by measuring the absorption at 405 nm The enrichment factor was proportional tothe number of apoptotic ... rich in cholesterol tothe destabilizing effects ofthe aggregates, and totheearly upregulation of Bcl-2, possibly counteracting the initial formation of MAC in the outer mitochondrial membrane ... resistance tothe destabilizing effects ofthe aggregates can also be hypothesized These considerations may explain the lack of activation ofthe apoptotic extrinsic pathway and cell recovery after the...
... sensitivity tothe pro-inflammatory effects of DE Subchronic DE Exposure Modifies the Pro-inflammatory Profile ofthe Midbrain In an effort to further address the degree of sensitivity ofthe midbrain to ... regions: the olfactory bulb, the frontal lobe, the temporal lobe, the midbrain, and the cerebellum were assessed for levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines and markers of neurodegenerative disease ... enhancement of inflammatory markers in the brains of apolipoprotein E knockout mice J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2009, 9:5099-5104 Tonelli LH, Postolache TT: Airborne inflammatory factors: “from the nose to the...
... upon the insertion level ofthe bud, the best time for pruning shifted from late June for the lower buds to late July for the upper ones Results The terminal buds of spurs began to form in early ... midMay toearly July appeared to increase node formation within the bud Nevertheless, branch ringing and fruit suppression needed to be combined to obtain over 90% flowering (Fig 1, bottom) The ... separately (Fig 3, top) and, together with ringing and fruit removal, enabled full completion of floral initiation (Fig 3, bottom) However, when applied too early, pruning made the uppermost buds...
... understanding ofthe initial mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of RA would permit the development of strategies to impede the manifestation ofthedisease In numerous organ pathologies, the activation ... JN, Maini RN: The transfer of a laboratory based hypothesis to a clinically useful therapy: the development of anti-TNF therapy of rheumatoid arthritis Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2004, 18:59-80 ... Leucocytes adherent tothe endothelium of postcapillary synovial venules Shown are the numbers of leucocytes adherent tothe endothelium of postcapillary synovial venules (cells/mm2 endothelial surface)...
... specificity To test the activity ofthe selected MSP regulatory sequences in vivo, approximately kb upstream genomic fragments were amplified for each ofthe genes and cloned into the GATEWAY-compatible ... analyzed normalized transcriptomic datasets We compared the expression profiles of all gametophytically expressed genes with those expressed in the sporophyte The male gametophyte microarray data ... broad activities in other sporophytic tissues can be detrimental toearly vegetative development prior to gametophytic development Moreover the use of well characterized male-gametophyte-specific...
... which is then directed tothe A site ofthe ribosome The EF-G protein is then required to translocate the newly formed peptidyl-tRNA from the ribosomal A-site tothe Psite Although the sco1-1 ... the margin ofthe cotyledons and in the upper hypocotyl (Figure 3G) The extent of this sectoring phenotype varied from seedling to seedling In the absence of supplemental sugar, over 80% ofthe ... TargetP, their targeting sequences may allow for dual targeting ofthe proteins tothe mitochondria and plastids During the course of Arabidopsis development, SCO1 is the most highly expressed of the...
... and to exclude the involvement of other molecules on the SupT1/R5 cells, we performed studies using the mAb 1048, known to block the binding ofthe complement factor C3 d to CR2 [67], and the ... activity (Figure 7) The heterologous C’-ADE profiles show that the pattern of C’-ADE over time was a property ofthe serum whilst the magnitude ofthe C’-ADE was a property ofthe virus The MM27.28 virus ... and allows the data to be presented only in terms ofthe additional effect ofthe HIV-specific antibodies All High-level enhancement ofearly patient isolates by early autologous sera The primary...
... genetic factors can affect an individual's susceptibility to diseases, these inherited factors are not the entire story Witness the fact that immigrants tend to acquire thedisease rates of their ... on how the rings are hooked together Glucose, sucrose, fructose, maltose, and lactose are common sugars The body can covert all of these sugars directly into energy, or it can use them to make ... Institute of Medicine The Institute of Medicine was chartered in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to enlist distinguished members ofthe appropriate professions in the examination of policy...
... infection to help the cell to survive the stress induced by the infection The success of an infection depends on the messages that the two players -the bacterium and the host cellsend to each other The ... critical in earlystagesof bacterial invasion, this study aimed to focus on the effect of MorA signaling on these factors The specific aims of this study were i) To understand the role of MorA in ... its ability to coordinate the expression of many genes in response tothe wide range of environmental demands to which the organism is exposed to (Stover et al., 2000) The regulatory genes involved...
... that contains 50% ofthe values The whiskers extend from the box tothe highest and lowest values The line across the box indicates the median Kruskall-Wallis test was used to evaluate differences ... in the design ofthe study and helped to draft the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Acknowledgements The authors thank the Netherlands Brain Bank for supplying the ... that activation of microglia or astrocytes cause neuronal expression of COX-2 and ppRb in AD Although the involvement of activated glia in the initial upregulation of these factors seems unlikely,...
... finished product, then adjustments will have to be made tothe product's design Similarly, market research, which examines the extent and nature ofthe demand for products, has the role of guiding product ... not only the result of product research, but is also influenced by testing and market research If the testing stage (after assembly and inspection) reveals unacceptable problems in the finished ... design to suit consumer demands which may change with time Market research, while influenced by product sales, also serves to foster future sales by devising suitable advertising for the goods...
... compounds Most of these natural products are generally not essential for the basic metabolic processes ofthe plant but are often critical tothe proper functioning ofthe plant in relation to its environment ... establishing the pathways at the level of intermediates and enzymes that catalyze their formation The subsequent step is the selection of targets for further studies at the level ofthe genes This ... “FlavR Saver.” This tomato has two distinct advantages over other tomato cultivars: first, it has a longer shelf life in storage, and second, the fruit of this tomato could be left on the plant until...
... results The effect ofthe timing ofthe birth in the year and the business cycle around the birth year The first column of Table presents estimates ofthe PH model where the transitory component of ... changes with the cyclical indicator ofthe business cycle at birth Their data are from the Netherlands and contain the social class ofthe parents at the moment of birth They conclude that there are ... light on these by studying the importance ofthe timing ofthe macro fluctuations around the year of birth and by interacting the effects with regional indicators and the degree of urbanization The...
... theearly history of Rome, one ofthe most successful imperial powers of world history Although the story told here ends with the subjugation of Italy and thus does not treat the great wars of ... commodities of one sort were exchanged for others The concatenation of these factors brought into being the first towns ofthe Near East; and in the course of time human settlement along the great ... conclusions about the overall character of these languages and their historical links to one another.1 Before Latin began to drive the other languages of ancient Italy into extinction during the first...
... able to identify cytotoxic responses to several HSV antigens[14,15]; however, in humans there has been no correlate ofthe specificity of immune responses with the control ofthediseaseOfthe ... be monitored to differentiate the effect of therapy on pre-existing responses Furthermore, since IFN-γ is an important cytokine for the control of HSV-2 disease [18,19], the measurement of IFN-γ ... grouped by rate of recurrences Data is the same as Table but subjects have been organized into groups based on the rate of recurrent disease For CD4 responses, the total ofthe number of ELISPOTs...
... (iii) (iv) the totalised values for area Atotal , Stotal , and time Ttotal ; the time based degree of parallelism γt the ranks of all vertices; the density ρ ofthe system graph These values ... (compare to Figure 1) This modification was mandatory for the comparison tothe partitioning techniques of Wiangtong et al [9] and Kalavade and Lee [8] Tothe best of our knowledge, Wiangtong et ... has to meet 4.1 Revision of system graph structures The very first step to design a new algorithm lies in the acquisition of a profound knowledge about the problem A review ofthe literature in the...
... From Ptolemy to Newton It took humankind until the dawn ofthe New Age to put basic pieces together and to accept proof over belief and superstition The geocentric concept of Claudius Ptolemaeus, ... was the recognition that the color index is a good indicator ofthe color and thus the temperature of a star The use of photoelectric devices to perform photometry was first pursued in theearly ... attempt is made to relate theearly history of our Sun and the Solar System tothe current knowledge of star formation and early evolution by investigating the T Tauri heritage ofthe Sun Last but...