... pressure An increase in the interestrate differential has therefore often coincided with a weaker exchange rate, while an interestrate increase may have prevented the exchangerate from falling even ... from non-stationary panel data, Working Paper 138, Bank of England Chrystal, K .A and R MacDonald (1995), Exchange rates, financial innovation and divisia money: The sterling/dollar rate 1972-1990, ... specifications Data sources All data are taken from KVARTS database, Statistics Norway We use quarterly data, and the estimation period is 1983Q1-2002Q2 The data series are (with name of variables...
... models that incorporate a gradual change in parameters and also include a large set of explanatory variables particularly well as far as the inflation forecast is concerned recording gains (over ... TVP-VAR (General) TVP-VAR (Standard) TVP-VAR (Homoscedastic) TVP-FAVAR TVP-FAVAR (Homoscedastic) FAVAR UC TVAR (GDP) TVAR (Inflation) TVAR (Rate) ST-VAR (GDP) ST-VAR (Inflation) ST-VAR (Rate) VAR ... Time-varying parameters, stochastic volatility, VAR, FAVAR, forecasting, Bayesian estimation JEL classification: C32, E37, E47 (1) External MPC Unit Bank of England Email: alina.barnett@bankofengland.co.uk...
... previous literature on de facto classi…cations on exchangerate regimes, some studies have analysed the behaviour of individual variables such as exchange rates and interest rates in EMEs against the ... December 1983 and as having a managed ‡ oat since 1974, and New Zealand is de…ned as having a managed ‡ oat since 1985 and a de facto moving band around the Australian dollar between 1973 and 1985 ... react to exchangerate movements with a lag.) In addition, Gerlach and Smets (2000) argue that exchangerate pass-through enhances the role ofexchange rates in the MCI if the central bank targets...
... behalf of the organisers) DETERMINANTS OF LENDING INTEREST RATES AND INTERESTRATE SPREADS Ljupka Georgievska Rilind Kabashi Nora Manova-Trajkovska Ana Mitreska Mihajlo Vaskov National Bank of ... calculated as a weighted average of the available interest rates on denar loans (enterprises and households) and interest rates on total foreign exchange loans (all maturities and sectors); and • for ... interestrate volatility are the main determinants ofinterestrate spreads, whereas according to Afanasieff at al (2002) macroeconomic variables appear to be the most important factors in the case of...
... needed fora proof of Theorem 3.2 Proposition 3.7 Let A be a compact convex subset ofa Banach space X and let a nonempty subset F ofA be a nonexpansive retract ofA Suppose a mapping U : A ® KC (A) ... doi:10.1016/j.jmaa.2005.03.055 Shahzad, N, Markin, J: Invariant approximations for commuting mappings in CAT(0) and hyperconvex spaces J Math Anal Appl 337 (2008) Dhompongsa, S, Khaewcharoen, A, Khaewkhao, A: ... Dhompongsa, S, Domínguez Benavides, T, Khaewcharoen, A, Khaewkhao, A, Panyanak, B: The Jordan-von Neumann constants and fixed points for multivalued nonexpansive mappings J Math Anal Appl 320,...
... hybrid methods for families of nonexpansive mappings in Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 341, no 1, pp 276–286, 2008 23 S Takahashi and W Takahashi, “Strong ... Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol 73, pp 591–597, 1967 33 W Takahashi, Nonlinear Functional Analysis, Yokohama Publishers, Yokohama, Japan, 2000 34 L.-C Ceng and J.-C Yao, A hybrid ... and S Suantai, A new hybrid algorithm for variational inclusions, generalized equilibrium problems, and a finite family of quasi-nonexpansive mappings,” Fixed Point Theory and Applications, vol...
... Banach spaces,” Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics, vol 225, no 1, pp 20–30, 2009 D Kinderlehrer and G Stampacchia, An Introduction to Variational Inequalities and Their Applications, ... programming in Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis, vol 6, no 1, pp 117–136, 2005 R Wittmann, “Approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive mappings,” Archiv der Mathematik, ... Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 1990 16 P.-E Maing´ , “Approximation methods for common fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in e Hilbert spaces,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and...
... class Σ, the perturbation theory can be combined with the above analysis Assume, for instance, that the linear dynamics of Σ is subject to εAc variations defined by a small parameter ε, Adc and ... Adc and Add are time-invariant, and Ac t for all t ≥ and Acd t ρ ε eεAc t with ρ ε ≤ ρ < ∞ for all ε ∈ 0, ε∗ Thus, a direct series expansion around εT of the state transition matrix of the continuous ... exponential stability ofa wide class of linear time-delay systems,” Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, vol 289, no 2, pp 456–476, 2004 11 C Chen and C Zhu, Fixed point theorems for...
... 346 of Grazer Mathematische Berichte, pp 43–52, Karl-Franzens-Univ Graz, Graz, Austria, 2004 21 L C˘ dariu and V Radu, A Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability theorem fora quartic functional equation,” ... Banach spaces,” Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan, vol 2, pp 64–66, 1950 14 Fixed Point Theory and Applications D G Bourgin, “Classes of transformations and bordering transformations,” ... transformations,” Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society, vol 57, pp 223–237, 1951 Z Gajda, “On stability of additive mappings,” International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, vol...
... [5] V Azhmyakov, Stable Operators in Analysis and Optimization, Peter Lang, Berlin, 2005 [6] C Baiocchi and A Capelo, Variational and Quasivariational Inequalities Applications to Free Boundary ... is a real Banach space Suppose that R(Ꮽ)⊥ = {0} Then, for each a ∈ X, (4.7) has a unique solution Sometimes the closedness of GA for an operator A : X → X characterizes the continuity ofA An ... is a linear subspace of X This shows that R (A (x0 )) is also a Banach space By the Banach open mapping theorem, the operator (A (x0 ))−1 is linear and continuous Recall the definition ofa linear...
... Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India E-mail address: mhimdad@yahoo.co.in Ladlay Khan: Department of Mathematics, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India E-mail address: ... 546–560 A Ahmad and A R Khan, Some common fixed point theorems for non-self-hybrid contractions, J Math Anal Appl 213 (1997), no 1, 275–286 N A Assad and W A Kirk, Fixed point theorems for set-valued ... Pant, Common fixed points of noncommuting mappings, J Math Anal Appl 188 (1994), no 2, 436–440 H K Pathak, Fixed point theorems for weak compatible multi-valued and single-valued mappings, Acta...
... problems fora class of second-order differential equations, J Differential Equations 82 (1989), no 2, 314–321 Gennaro Infante: Dipartimento di Matematica, Universit` della Calabria, 87036 Arcavacata ... to appear in J Dynam Differential Equations K Q Lan and J R L Webb, A fixed point index for weakly inward A- proper maps, Nonlinear Anal 28 (1997), no 2, 315–325 , A- properness of contractive and ... and T(x) = y T is A- proper on a set K if it is A- proper at all points of K A- proper alone means A- proper on X In a similar way, fora fixed γ ≥ 0, T is said to be Pγ -compact at a point y ∈ X with...
... pharmacy fora mean of 23.0 years (sd = 11.6; range = 12–51 years) and at that particular pharmacy fora mean of 13.7 years (sd = 10.3; range = months-44 years) They had been part of the needle exchange ... important part of the overall national needle exchange programme, and it is essential that issues facing service providers are monitored and managed Studies of the activities of pharmacy-based ... ofa national office to (a) operate collection and destruction service for sharps waste generated by the needle exchange programme (NEP) and (b) to generally co-ordinate, liaise and disseminate...
... resuscitation was performed Statistical analysis The results are presented as mean values ± standard deviations Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism version 4.03 for Windows (GraphPad ... design of the study, analysis and interpretation of data and revision of the manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Acknowledgements We acknowledge the partial financial support ... Statistical significance was accepted at p < 0.05 The reported P values are two-tailed Results Before initiation of resuscitation all animals had a severe lung injury and a stable haemodynamic...
... the relationship between inflation, real interest rates and nominal interest rates - The nominal interestrate equals the real interest rates plus the expected inflation rates - If nominal interest ... interest rates is also = differences in expected rates of inflation International Fisher Effect (IFE) - a link between nominal interestrate and exchangerate - countries, the spot exchange rates change ... interestrate is constant, real interest rates will fall as inflation increases - i = r + I => r = i – I In a world of countries and unrestricted capital flows, the real interest rates will be the same...
... volatilities for both interestrate and stock return will be adjusted for the interestrate risk and systematic volatility risk Standard approaches for pricing systematic volatility risk, interestrate ... option valuation and at the same time allows interest rates to be stochastic In addition, we model the short-term interestrate dynamics and stock return dynamics simultaneously and allow for asymmetry ... negative nominal interest rates are ruled out by a simple arbitrage argument The interestrate model admits meanreversion in the drift and allows for stochastic conditional volatility We could also incorporate...
... to alternative assets The quantity demanded of an asset is negatively related to the risk of its returns relative to alternative assets The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related ... alternative assets Theory of Asset Demand The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related to wealth The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related to its expected return relative ... have fallen and the interestrate has increased Interest Rate Changes from Expected Inflation II Response to a Business Cycle Expansion I During a business cycle expansion: • Income and Wealth...
... to explain all three facts Term Structure ofInterest Rates – Fact Expectations Theory • The interestrate on a long-term bond will equal an average of the short-term interest rates that people ... liquidity and tax considerations – Upward-sloping short-term rates – Flat long-term rates are above short- and long-term rates are the same – Inverted long-term rates are below short-term rates Empirical ... Risk and Term Structure ofInterest Rates • The risk structure ofinterest rates looks at bonds with the same term to maturity and different interest rates • The term structure ofinterest rates...
... the expectations of the application of four fundamental design goals: • Application high availability • Application scalability • Data and application security • Application performance This ... Edge WAN Agg WAN Agg WAE Farm WAE Farm Edge CAS Core Layer Edge CAS Aggregation Layer Layer Tunnel Data Center Hub Hub Data Center Mailbox Mailbox Hub Hub Mailbox Mailbox 222766 Access Layer Integrating ... geographical load balancing between sites In addition to being an ideal candidate for server and site load balancing, the CAS role can additionally take advantage of network optimization services and...
... these data are available only at an annual frequency Hannan and Prager (1998) find no significant impact of bank mergers on certificate of deposit rates 4 Mergers and deposit rate dynamics: a simple ... metropolitan statistical area (MSA) Previous research has already argued that the traditional definition ofa local bank market as limited to the MSA may not be valid nowadays, because telecommunication ... Focarelli and Panetta (2003) Focarelli and Panetta (2003) examine the level of deposit rates relative to the reference rate rather than just the change of deposit rates12 Focarelli and Panetta also...