... one strand and two AG steps in the other The mdm2 target, whose interaction with p53 was most strongly affected by DNA cis-platination, contains GG, GGG and AG motifs in one strand and GG and GTG ... resulted in elimination of the most reactive GG doublets and the introduction of less reactive AG and ⁄ or GNG motifs [26] In p21b, the GGG triplet in the bottom strand was replaced by GAA, which ... the fate of the cell The first 4702 involves cell cycle arrest via p21WAF1 ⁄ CIP1 induction and activation of DNA repair processes that, in general, confer chemoresistance to cancer cells The other...
... easier handling of the cells, treatment was performed on HeLa cells instead of CHO K1 cells Cells were then incubated with of lgámL)1 Tat±GFP fusion protein or with lM ¯uorescein Tat peptide and ... was observed for all cell lines (Fig 2A) In order to minimize cell handling prior to FACS analysis, no ®xation step was included Avoiding cell ®xation and working on living cells eliminates potential ... use Cells andcell cultures HeLa cells were cultured as exponentially growing subcon¯uent monolayers on 90-mm plates in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco) supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum and...
... tissue and liver Its target gene products are involved in lipid catabolism such as fatty acid uptake, storage and oxidation (in peroxisomes and mitochondria), and in lipoprotein assembly and transport ... essential for normal distribution and morphology of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria in mammalian cells Mol Biol Cell 10, 4403–4417 100 Smirnova E, Shurland DL, Ryazantsev SN & van der ... and cancer, which explains the high interest in pharmacological control of these proteins A clear-cut evaluation of PPAR effects, however, is hampered by species differences between rodents and...
... was incubated in binding buffer in the absence (lanes and 3) or presence of 75 lM ssDNA (lanes and 5) and mM ATP (lanes and 5) for h at 37 °C and then subjected to partial digestion with trypsin ... Disassembly and recruitment of hRad51 and hRad52 proteins shorter and thicker nucleoprotein filaments when ssDNA is added [28] Tumour suppressors BRCA2 and p53 interact with the ... in lanes and with those in lanes 3, and reveals that the FEBS Journal 273 (2006) 199–207 ª 2005 The Authors Journal compilation ª 2005 FEBS 203 Disassembly and recruitment of hRad51 and hRad52...
... within the liver and kidney of Agxt) ⁄ ) deficient mice 4768 ´ J R Hernandez-Fernaud and E Salido compared with wild-type controls by 2-DE separation and MS The analysis of specific subcellular fractions ... peroxisomal (P) and cytosolic (C) fractions C C C C C C C C ML P P C ML ML Fraction ´ J R Hernandez-Fernaud and E Salido Proteome changes in primary hyperoxaluria 4771 ´ J R Hernandez-Fernaud and E Salido ... by silver staining F protein spots and lower reproducibility than that based on subcellular fractionation, and was not pursued further However, for each subcellular fraction studied, more than...
... mono- and diubiquitinated during import and is degraded in a proteasome-dependent manner [60] Polyubiquitination of Pex5p is detectable in pex1, pex6, pex4 and pex22 mutants of S cerevisiae and ... in the cytosol and are imported post-translationally into preexisting peroxisomes which then start to grow and multiply by division A major implication of this 2366 I Heiland and R Erdmann model ... (1989) A conserved tripeptide sorts proteins to peroxisomes J Cell Biol 108, 1657–1664 2368 I Heiland and R Erdmann 16 Lametschwandtner G, Brocard C, Fransen M, Van Veldhoven P, Berger J & Hartig...
... especially the analysis of membrane proteins and intracellular protein trafficking, and for monitoring and manipulating various aspects of cellsignalingandcell physiology Included in this volume ... development and utilization of a handful of techniques and approaches for manipulating DNA These methods include, most prominently, D N A cloning, D N A sequencing, the polymerase chain reaction, and ... (B) Similarly, pRS551 and pRS550 are the same plasmid with the MCS in opposite orientations, and so on Plasmids pRS415 and pRS551 (and the corresponding plasmids pRS528 and pRS550) are designed...
... especially the analysis of membrane proteins and intracellular protein trafficking, and for monitoring and manipulating various aspects of cellsignalingandcell physiology Included in this volume ... the transferrin receptor (TR), sialyltransferase, fucosyltransferase, Lgpl20, and TGN 38 have all been successfully expressed in a variety of cell types (including HEP-2, HeLa, and MDCK cells, and ... Staining of Cells, Tissues, and Embryos By JOHN G FLANAGAN, MITSUHARU HATTORI, HWAI-JONG CHENG, DAVID A FELDHEIM, QIANG Lu, and PIERRE VANDERHAEGHEN Introduction Polypeptide ligands and their cell surface...
... for diverse cellular functions, including cell- cell interactions, cell adhesion, cell aggregation, cell migration, cell cycle progression, differentiation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and maintenance ... well-coordinated expression of ITB5 andcell adhesion molecules that are crucial for endothelial cell motility and intracellular signaling pathways (p = × 10-5) Our bioinformatics and statistical analyses ... PKC-alpha/beta and MAPK in prostate and breast cancers, downregulates VEGF isomer D pathways and reduces tumor cell proliferation [93] Downregulation of both VEGF and VEGFR in our HIVinfected cells could...
... kinases and inhibits their activity, regulates DNA repair, and directly blocks DNA replication by inhibiting the proliferating cell nuclear antigen [5], thus inhibiting cell- cycle progression and ... of p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 in the 181 pairs of tissues was analyzed by IHC As shown in Figure 2, p53, p21/WAF1, and MDM2 were mainly located in the nuclei of the cancer cells and highly expressed ... activity and sup- presses tumor cell growth, which probably results in increased expression of the protein so as to control the abnormal cell- cycle progression and suppress the replication of tumor cells...
... neurons of the hippocampus, cortex, and spinal cord anterior horn, with microgliosis, neuronophagia, and inflammatory cell infiltration [1-4] On the other hand, TO subgroup strains cause a biphasic ... synthesized with the same kinetics as capsid proteins and is not incorporated into the virion L is synthesized in the cytoplasm of host cells and, in part, transferred into the nucleus [37] The data suggest ... (which persists in the CNS) and GDVII (which does not persist) strains in J774-1 cells, a representative mouse macrophage cell line, since macrophages are the target cells for virus persistence,...
... TLR4 signaling [28], and TLR4deficient mice challenged with RSV exhibit impaired NK celland CD14+ cell pulmonary trafficking, deficient NK cell function, impaired interleukin-12 expression, and ... infection of MLE-15 cells and IFNα, IFNβ and SOCS1 and SOCS3 mRNA expression was examined at 48 h pi At 48 h pi, ΔNS1/2 virus infected MLE-15 cells had significantly (p < 0.01) higher IFNα and IFNβ mRNA ... uninfected Vero cell lysate, or incubated in the presence of media alone At 24 and 48 hours pi, cells supernatants were collected, centrifuged to remove potential cell contamination and debris, and used...
... PNH, PR0, PR1 and PR2 proteins (Figure 1), Sm and dsDNA (ELISA and Farr assays) were measured in sera from 163 SLE patients, 210 disease controls and 100 healthy donors to define and compare the ... membranes of different cells, including lymphocytes [11] Further, the aRibPs are able to bind and penetrate T -cell lines [44,45], and especially aRibP R can induce apoptosis in Jurkat T-cells [46] In ... subunits P0, P1 A) and P2, there were considerable differences in the cutoffs and in sensitivities for the detection of aRibP N H, aRibPR0, aRibPR1 and aRibPR2 (Table 1), with outstanding results...
... RmRE in human and mouse cells A Reporter activity in Jurkat T cells B Western blotting of Rem and Rec expression in Jurkat cells Results using antibodies specific for GFP (upper panel) and actin ... and Vietnamese women Clin Cancer Res 2003, 9:1118–1120 Liu B, Wang Y, Melana SM, Pelisson I, Najfeld V, Holland JF and Pogo BG: Identification of a proviral structure in human breast cancerCancer ... retroviruses and are not detectable in breast cancercell lines or biopsies Virology 2004, 318:393–404 Indik S, Gunzburg WH, Salmons B and Rouault F: Mouse mammary tumor virus infects human cells Cancer...
... proteins, a cellular lysate (C), and extra-cellular virus (V) detected Immunoblot of SGG1 (Gag), 15E10 (RT), and 3E11 and Immunoblot of a dilution series of recombinant Gag and Pol proteins, a cellular ... centrifugation through a sucrose cushion and a linear gradient made of iodixanol BHK-21 cells were infected with the supernatant from transfected 293T cells and cell- free virus was harvested when productive ... present in FV infected cells In addition, we determined the sensitivity of the MABs in detecting Gag and Pol protein species A cellular lysate was prepared from BHK-21 cells lytically infected...
... conserved among organisms A, B and C whereas a second kinetochore protein is well-conserved only in species A and B and undetectable in C (and multiple related species) , a tentative conclusion ... with 46%, 87% and 33% similarity and hsChl4R shares conserved blocks of 20 and 50 amino acids with 45% and 40% similarity (Figure 5) The potential human orthologs of S pombe Fta1 and Sim4 were ... albicans and fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana, and metazoans such as Drosophila melanogaster and Homo sapiens, are longer and more complex and exhibit...
... generation of active oxygenspecies (oxidative burst) (Wojtaszek, 1997) by producing reactiveoxygenspecies (ROS), superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals and nitrous oxide (Baker ... oxidase rbohD and rbohF (rbohDF) double mutants and in two ethylene response mutants (etr1-1 and ein2-1 mutants), implicating NADPH oxidase and ethylene signaling in the generation and transduction ... pathogenesis-related (PR) genes and heat shock (HS) genes (Whitham et al., 2003) HSP perform diverse tasks in response to cellular stress as well as in normal growth and development, and diverse DNA and RNA viruses...
... Xie and Dr Mohan Balasubramanian at the ex-Institute of Molecular Agrobiology, for their guidance and patience I acknowledge the Institute of Molecular andCell Biology for financial support and ... machinery and target mRNA for decapping and Xrn1 digestion without poly(A) tail shortening (Lejeune and Maquat, 2005; Muhlrad and Parker, 1999) Alternatively, mRNA can undergo rapid deadenylation and ... Lykke-Andersen 12 and Wagner, 2005) HuR is another ARE-binding protein but plays an antagonizing role It binds to ARE and poly(A) regions of target mRNA and prevents it from degradation (Brennan and...
... (EGF) and serum, via EGFR, erbB3 and possibly other cell- surface receptors to changes in phosphoinsitide 3-kinase, Akt, paxilin and Rac activities and interactions In the Tcell lymphoma and other ... enable PTKs possessing them to recognize extracellular ligands, in particular, various peptide growth factors Specific ligands and intracellular signaling pathways induced by them have been 13 ... primitive unit -cell and the bigger unit -cell in some selected crystal systems is called a centered unit -cell The geometry of a unit -cell is defined by three non-coplanar axes (a, b, c) and their inter-axial...
... CRYSTALLOGRAPHY 1.3.1 1.3 Unit celland lattices 1.3.2 Symmetry, point group and space group 1.3.3 Crystals and X-rays 1.3.4 X-ray diffraction 1.3.5 Bragg’s law 1.3.6 Reciprocal lattice and Ewald sphere 1.3.6.1 ... in a large proportion of cutaneous T -cell lymphomas and other transformed T- and B -cell populations Brk also has conferred in vivo oncogenicity on the BaF3 cells Furthermore siRNA-mediated inhibition ... ROLES OF PEX8 AND PEX20 IN PICHIA PASTORIS 23 2.2.1 Peroxisome biogenesis and degradation 23 2.2.1.1 Peroxisomal constituents and its functions 23 2.2.1.2 Basic views of Lipid and Protein Import...