... studies [10 ,23] US and MRI showed high concordance (85% to 10 0%) for all destructive changes and a more moderate concordance (73% to 10 0%) for the inflammatory pathologies This lower agreePage of 13 ... 38% (6 of 16 ) and Wakefield and colleagues [16 ] in 1% (1 of 10 0) of the examined MCP joints Five of the erosion-like changes found in our study were located at the radial or ulnar side of the ... reference method for the calculation of the sensitivity and specificity of US, x-ray, and clinical examination [12 ] The statistical software used was SPSS version 12 .0 for Windows (SPSS Inc., Chicago,...
... Middernacht et al Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2 011 , 6 :1 http://www.josr-online.com/content/6 /1/ 1 an acetabularization of the acromion [11 ], an excavation or thinning of the acromion ... (208) 0,003 (12 1) 0, 519 (10 0) (10 0) 0,052 (66) 0,002 (55) 0,547 (10 3) 0,092 (65) 0,004 (45) 0,432 (76) 0,548 (72) 0,548 (72)
... Middernacht et al Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2 011 , 6 :1 http://www.josr-online.com/content/6 /1/ 1 an acetabularization of the acromion [11 ], an excavation or thinning of the acromion ... (208) 0,003 (12 1) 0, 519 (10 0) (10 0) 0,052 (66) 0,002 (55) 0,547 (10 3) 0,092 (65) 0,004 (45) 0,432 (76) 0,548 (72) 0,548 (72)
... the Chinese version of the OCI- Peng et al BMC Psychiatry 2 011 , 11 :12 9 http://www.biomedcentral.com /14 71- 244X /11 /12 9 Page of Completely standardized factor loading from the confirmatory factor ... Obsessive-Compulsive-InventoryRevised (OCI-R): validation of the German version in a sample of Peng et al BMC Psychiatry 2 011 , 11 :12 9 http://www.biomedcentral.com /14 71- 244X /11 /12 9 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Page of patients with OCD, ... Total score 16 .53(8.76) 22.52 (12 .43) 4 .10 ** Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-YW-R -13 1 & KSCX2-EW-J-8), and a grant from the National Science Fund China Young Investigator Award ( 810 880 01) to Raymond Chan...
... Professor Alan G Michette University of London, King’s College London, Department of Physics Centre for X-Ray Science Strand, London WC2R 2LS, UK E-mail: alan.michette@kcl.ac.uk ISSN 0342- 411 1 ... 2 01 12 .1 Introduction 2 01 Contents XI 12 .2 High Accuracy Metrology and Shape Optimization 2 01 12.3 High Accuracy Optical Elements ... ar a Czech Republic mikulik@physics.muni.cz Marco Matteucci Sincrotrone Trieste S .c. p.A S.S 14 km 16 3.5 in Area Science Park 34 012 Basovizza (TS) Italy marco.matteucci@elettra trieste.it Christian...
... size of 10 0 mm down to 10 mm typically increases the flux by a factor 10 and increases the vertical divergence by a factorof 10 Two possibilities can be considered to shape the phase space: reduce ... a geometrical optical approach, which neglects the expansion of the zone structures along the direction of the optical axis [3] More accurate dynamical calculations of the diffraction of zone plates ... 50% 1 A 1 A 20–50%
... diffraction efficiency (five layer, 30% line-to-space ratio) plotted as a function of the maximum efficiency error of a layer Volume Effects in Zone Plates 17 1 We conclude that an overlay accuracy of ... 316 , 10 3 (19 81) 20 D Weiss, M Peuker, G Schneider, Appl Phys Lett 72 (15 ), 18 05 (19 98) 21 D Hambach, G Schneider, J Vac Sci Technol B 17 (6), 3 212 (19 99) 22 B Kaulich, Dissertation, University of ... 20 15 10 −5 10 15 height [nm] 17 8 18 0 16 0 14 0 12 0 10 0 80 60 40 20 Slope Profile Height Profile 50 10 0 15 0 200 250 300 x - position [mm] Fig 9.2 Result of a direct slope measurement (NOM-scan):...
... Dec 19 89 S .C Irick, W Mckinney, D.J Lunt, P.Z Takacs, Rev Sci Instrum 63, 14 36 (19 92) http://www.oceanoptics.com/ G Sostero, A Bianco, M Zangrando, D Cocco, Proc SPIE, 45 01, 24 (20 01) D Cocco, ... amplitude [arcsec ] 1, 0E- 01 NOM -LTP NOM -ACT 1, 0E-02 1, 0E-03 1, 0E-04 1, 0E-05 1, 0E-06 1, 0E-07 0,0 01 0, 01 0 ,1 spatial frequency [1 / mm] 10 Fig 11 .6 Power surface density (PSD) curve of NOM-ACT and ... They consist of a periodic structure on a substrate which can be completely constant along the grating surface or can change according to a particular polynomial law In this second case, the groove...
... transfer for 10 0 nm structures are of the order of 10 :1 15 :1: for wet etching Si – 15 :1 [10 0]; for reactive ion etching Ni, W – 10 :1 [89]; for electroplating, Au – 16 :1 [88] Recently, microfabrication ... transmission electron microscopes Such types of microscopes use optical elements like Fresnel zone plates or refractive optics as objective 17 Hard X-Ray Microoptics 257 Fig 17 .1 Optical schematic of (a) ... X-ray microscopy Soft X-ray scanning microscopy SR, Lab Lab Magnified projection (no optics) Soft X-ray microscopy SR In-line imaging Source SR, Lab Contact Type of microscopy Micro-radiography...
... focusing was performed Sub-micrometer focusing was measured in the energy range from 40 to 15 0 keV [14 1, 14 2] Recently, holographic or kinoform optical elements (Fig 17 .11 ) with a combination of ... example of such a development Recently, microelectronics planar fabrication technology has been applied to create silicon-based devices [12 8 13 5] One-dimensionally focusing parabolic refractive ... Aachen 274 A Snigirev and I Snigireva Table 17 .5 Parabolic CRLs from RWTH Aachen used at the ESRF beamlines Beam line ID1 ID10A ID10B ID 11 ID 11/ ID15 ID13 ID22 ID18F ID32 ID14 MOTB/BM5 MPI/ID15...
... of such sources include proximity X-ray lithography, soft X-ray contact microscopy, or micromachining of polymers by direct photoetching Grazing incidence X-ray optics can be used to collect the ... increased focused flux 19 .3.2 Manufacture of Microstructured Optical Arrays Because of the necessity for high aspect ratios, techniques such as the Bosch process [22] of deep etching in silicon are ... = 12 0 nm according to ( 21. 6) By use of ( 21. 4) the long focal length can be reduced in a stack of several lenses The combination of two clessidra lenses is shown in Fig 21. 3a, which can be converted...
... 26, 12 39 (19 69) 48 A.M Afanas’ev, V.G Kohn, Acta Cryst A27, 4 21 (19 71 49 N Kato, J Phys Soc Jpn 18 , 17 85 (19 63) 50 N Kato, J Phys Soc Jpn 19 , 67 (19 63) 51 N Kato, J Phys Soc Jpn 19 , 9 71 (19 63) ... Diffraction X-Ray Optics 499 11 P Vincent, in Electromagnetic Theory of Gratings, ed by R Petit Topics in Current Physics, vol 22, (Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 19 80) pp 10 1 12 1 12 E ... in reciprocal space is achieved with crystal X-ray optics based mainly on Bragg diffraction from perfect crystals such as silicon and germanium Si (11 1) double crystal monochromators for synchrotron...