... positive, if the associated synapse is excitatory and it is negative, if the synapse is inhibitory. Thus, signal xi at the input of synapse i, connected to neuron j, is multiplied by the synaptic ... Section 8.6 and on the so-called self-organizing map [263] constitutes a model-free classifier, thus requiring a long training period and large networks. The schematic of the RBF equalizer ... (8.68) where ci, i = 1,2, . . . , M, is the set of RBF centres to be determined. Thus, with the aid of Equation 8.67 and Equation 8.68 we have M F*(x) = CW~G(X; ci) Gill)....
... mode is employed, in order to provide an acceptable BER, when the chan- nel exhibits a deep fade. Thus, adaptive modulation is not only used to combat the fading effects of a narrow-band channel, ... we observe that the transmission blocking mode was dominant in the SNR range of OdB to 4dB and thus the mean BER performance was not recorded in that range of SNRs in Figure 9.9(b). Comparing ... scheme with and without transmission blocking, if the channel SNR is in excess of about 22dB. Thus, the advantage of using an adaptive scheme with transmission blocking 9.4. JOINT ADAPTIVE...
... all modulation modes was obtained according to Equation 9.15 and Equation 10.15, respectively. Thus, we have the estimated short-term BER of the received data burst before and after decoding ... However, for NO TX bursts, where only dummy data are transmitted, turbo decoding is not necessary. Thus, for NO TX bursts we use the short-term BER before decoding as the switching metric. scheme ... addition, a subtraction, a table look-up and a max operation according to Equa- tion 10.1, thus reducing the computational complexity. The term 1n(Eizl exp(wi + Vil,)) requires 3M -...
... RBF TURBO EQUALISER PERFORMANCE 463 increases. Observe in Figure 1 1.4 that as a rule of thumb, the feedforward order of the Jaco- bian RBF DFE must not exceed the CIR length (L + 1)...
... 4. The throughput performance values were normalized to the minimum throughput of 68 kbits/s, thus giving minimum and max- imum normalized throughput values of 1 and 4, respectively. We...
... By using a shorter DFT for this reference symbol pair, the subcarrier distance is increased and thus the frequency error es- timation range is extended. Clal3en [442,443] proposed to use binary ... reference, encoding information in the phase difference between consecutive modulated symbols. DPSK is thus only affected by the differential channel phase distortion between two consecutive symbols ... can be usefully employed, however, to make an OFDM system more robust to time misalignments and thus to simplify the task of the time-domain FFT window synchronization system. 13.5 Synchronization...
... Côngsuất dàn PMT tính ra Wp sẽ đợc xác định theo công thức: C(Wp) = [W x Eo] / [E x ] (2) Trong đó C = côngsuấtphát ra của dàn PMT đơn vị Wp, Eo = 1000W/m2 là cờng độ bức xạ mặt trời ... Xác định nhu cầu tiêu thụcôngsuất của hộ gia đình 17 III.3.2 Xác định côngsuất trạm pin mặt trời hộ gia đình 18 III.3.3 Xác định dung lợng ăc quy cho trạm pin mặt trời hộ gia đình 19 III.3.4 ... khá cao do phải nhập từ nớc ngoài. Tính đến nay, số lợng trạm pin mặt trời đợc lắp đặt và khai thác ở Việt Nam vẫn còn rất khiêm tốn. Tổng công suất khai thác năng lợng bằng trạm pin mặt trời...