... leaf biomass was calculated by summing monthly leaffall To quantify the phenological pattern of leaffall and the corresponding phenological structureofthe canopy, annual leaf biomass was divided ... stand characteristics because we had no plot replicates Instead, we focused on the effect of leaf biomass and phenological structure, which were likely a ected by disturbance (thinning and insect ... effects of thinning and insect outbreaks, relative LB2 may be a ected by yearly climatic differences that shift the timing of leaffall We examined whether yearly changes in climate conditions a ected...
... establish the factors that protect and damage the patency of veins Modifiable protective factors could inform safer injecting advice The average length of time of groin injecting amongst the sample ... heroin and crack cocaine The remaining four injected heroin and amphetamine Three people injected three main drugs into the groin and for all these were heroin, crack cocaine and amphetamine No other ... remaining case being amphetamine However ofthe remaining 49% (n = 23) who injected more than one drug, 19 were injecting crack cocaine Cocaine is a potent local anaesthetic and could potentially increase...
... explicitness that is unusual for the great majority of mathematical proofs A Survey ofthe System gtructure Storage Allocation In the classical yon Neumann machine, information is identified bythe ... to the fact that in a single sequential process (such as ca~ be performed bya sequential automaton) only the time succession ofthe various states has a logical meaning, but not the actual speed ... machine code Reprogramming on account ofa change of specifications has been rare, a circumstance that must have contributed greatly to the feasibility ofthe "steam method." That the first two stages...
... coordination around the metal cofactor The absence of an anomalous Fourier map demonstrated that the active site in apo-ApeSOD did not contain a metal cofactor (Fig 3C) However, the side chains and ... 1B) The tetramerization buried 13% ofthe accessible surface area of each dimer Neighboring tetramers came into loose contact with each other in the crystal packing Similar molecular arrangements ... in the cambialistic SOD from P shermanii (Fig 3E), which exhibits almost the same activity in the presence of Mn and Fe as cofactors [24] Thermophilic bacteria, as well as thermophilic archaea,...
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... liquidity ofthe local capital market, thestructureofthe corporate sector and other reasons) Charts 2.3.8 and 2.3.9 contain more statistics on the total balance sheet and the level of bank loans and ... sector, EU financial fragmentation, and macroeconomic imbalances, the European Council of June 2012 asked for a road map for the achievement of such a genuine Economic and Monetary Union As a ... (2 011) Chart 3.3.2: Total loans made by large, medium and small EU banks (2 011) Source: ECB consolidated banking data Source: ECB consolidated banking data There is a clear difference in the activities...
... Neu5Aca2-6Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-2Mana16(Neu5Aca2-3Galb1-3(Neu5Aca2-6)GlcNAcb1-4(Neu5Aca26Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-2)Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4GlcNAc-PA were obtained from Takara Bio Inc (Otsu, Shiga, Japan) Other PA glycans were prepared ... monitored bythe fluorescence intensity at 400 nm (excitation at 320 nm) Tetrasialyl PA glycan Neu5Aca2-6Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-6(Neu5Aca2-3Galb1-3(Neu5Aca2-6)GlcNAcb1-4(Neu5Aca2-6Galb14GlcNAcb1-2)Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4GlcNA-PA ... (Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-2 Mana1-3)Manb1-4GlcNAcb1-4(Fuca1-6) GlcNAc (code no 210.4) GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-6(GlcNAcb1-2Mana1-3) Manb1-4(Xylb1-2)GlcNAcb1-4 (Fuca1-3)GlcNAc (code no 210.1FX) Starch of higher plants...
... structureofthe catalytic domain of DESC1 Scheme Domain organization of human DESC1 membrane region The extracellular part of DESC1 consists ofa 120-amino acid SEA domain followed bythe C- terminal ... site cleft of DESC1 toward plasma and ⁄ or extracellular spaces and away from the cell surface and ⁄ or the extracellular matrix The SEA domain may also contribute to the adhesion properties of ... Journal compilation ª 2007 FEBS O J P Kyrieleis et al Crystal structureofthe catalytic domain of DESC1 Fig Structure- based sequence alignment ofthe human DESC1 catalytic domain with human DESC2...
... types of GAB catalysis have been identified to date [12] which are based either on a single, bifunctional GAB catalyst or on a GAB catalysts pair The available biochemical data on MshB and LpxC are ... hydrolases with deacetylase activity Hexamerization may affect substrate selectivity and specificity The zinc ion is buried at the bottom ofa cavity which is located at the surface ofthe hexamer ... Model ofthe BcZBP–GlcNAc complex Stereoview ofthe energy minimized putative BcZBP–GlcNAc complexA slice through the active site cavity shows the quality of fit ofthe N-acetylglucosamine molecule...
... intermediate is monitored by respective speci c absorption bands Heme catabolism by HOs of mammals, pathogenic bacteria, cyanobacteria and probably insects is considered to have a similar mechanism, ... absorption bands of oxyheme appeared at 540 and 579 nm Then, a broad band appeared at around 660 nm, and was maximal 9–12 after initiation ofthe reaction The spectral features ofthe final reaction mixture ... steric conditions ofthe distal heme pocket could also affect Kazide Polar residues might either stabilize the azide coordinated to heme or facilitate the access of anionic azide to the heme, and...
... TAATACGACTC ACTATAGGGATCGAATTCTGGGTTCAAAACGTAA) contains, in order, a T7 RNA polymerase promoter (nucleotides 117 ), a six-nucleotide transcription enhancer, an EcoRI restriction site, 14 nucleotides ... Cr.LSU based on site-specic cleavages at pH > [38] These sites all contain the sequence GAAA, and cleavage occurs between G and AThe cleavage efciency, however, varied between sites, and correlated ... it can attack a phosphodiester that becomes properly positioned in the catalytic center [9,10] Owing to the complexity ofthe ribozyme reactions and the polyanionic nature of RNA, the catalytic...
... was increased by comparison of back-calculated spectra with the experimental data [24,25] Based on a preliminary structure, the NOESY spectra were simulated using the relaxation matrix approach ... First of all, these differences and the corresponding amino-acid changes generate a characteristic protein interaction site in each ofthe domains Secondly, they cause differences in the mode of ... describe the solution structureof MAR-BD and show that its C- terminal portion contains an amphipathic helical coil, a2 /a3 This helical coil mainly contributes to the surface opposite to the DNA...
... pp 115 ±154 Marcel Dekker Inc., New York 11 Brade, H & Galanos, C (1982) Isolation, puri®cation, and chemical analysis ofthe lipopolysaccharide and lipid Aof Acinetobacter calcoaceticus NCTC ... Holst, O & Brade, H (1997) Structural and serological characterization ofthe O-speci c polysaccharide from lipopolysaccharide of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain (DNA-group 1) Eur J Biochem 243, ... 167±173 Haseley, S.R., Holst, O & Brade, H (1997) Structural and serological characterization ofthe O-antigenic polysaccharide ofthe lipopolysaccharide from Acinetobacter haemolyticus strain ATCC...
... polysaccharide after acid hydrolysis revealed glucuronic acid (GlcA) and galacturonic acid (GalA) in the ratio : Analysis on an amino-acid analyser showed the presence of 2-amino-2-deoxygalactose ... confirmed bythe 1 3C NMR chemical shift data (Table 1, compare to published data [23]) C6 Significant downfield displacements ofthe signals for C3 of GalNAcI, C4 of GlcA, C4 and C6 of GalNAcII to d ... which could be assigned to GalNAcII H1/GlcA C4 and GlcA H1/ GalNAcI C3 correlations In addition, GalA C1 /GalNAcII H4 and GalNAcII C1 /GlcA H4 cross-peaks were present at Fig 500-MHz 1H NMR spectrum...
... failure ofthe approximation ofa rigid molecule and because of inaccuracies in the starting structure Although mathematical convergence may be achieved by iterative calculations, the accuracy ofthe ... calculated approximately from the exponential ofthe matrix of theoretical cross relaxation rates These values may be replaced by scaled experimental values and the logarithm ofthe matrix may ... each case, chemical shifts were calculated using the program TOTAL [57] and averaged over the 10 best structures The limits ofthe estimated accuracy ofthe calculation are indicated by dashed lines...
... recombinant proteins For recombinant GST-GFP-NES-NLS, synthesized oligonucleotides for RevNES (5¢-GATCTCCTCTTCAGCTA CCACCGCTTGAGAGACTTACTCTTGATTGTAACGA GGATA-3¢ and 5¢-AGCTTATCCTCGTTACAATCAA GAGTAAGTCTCTCAAGCGGTGGTAGCTGAAGAGG ... 5¢-GCAGCAUCUUUAAUGAAUAdTdT-3¢ and 5¢-AUAAGUAAUUUCUACGACG dTdT-3¢; Nup358, 5¢-CCAGUCACUUACAAUUAAAd TdT-3¢ and 5¢-UUUAAUUGUAAGUGACUGGdTdT-3¢ (siNup358-1), 5¢-UGAAGCACAUGCUAUAAAAdTdT-3¢ and 5¢-UUUUAUAGCAUGUGCUUCAdTdT-3¢ (siNup358-2)] ... GDP, across the nuclear envelope regulates the binding and release of cargo by transport factors RanGTP is abundant in the nucleus as a result ofthe activity of RCC1, a guanine nucleotide exchange...
... the active site [10–12] Class aaRSs are characterized bythe amino acid sequence motifs HIGH and KMSKS, and by having a catalytic domain with a classical Rossmannfold topology [13–16] Class aaRSs ... the catalytic domain, the CP domain, the KMSKS domain and an anticodon-binding domain (anticodon domain) The catalytic domain contains the binding pockets for the substrates methionine, ATP and ... face-to-face stacking against Trp294, end-to-end stacking against the two histidines 19 and 22, and close-packing interactions to Gly21 Analysis ofthe catalytic-site amino acid sequences General analysis...