a methodology for eliciting valid data on thinking
A methodology for validation of integrated systems models with an application to coastal-zone management in south-west sulawesi
... variables No data Rational validation Stimuli MODEL SYSTEM Objective variables Available data Empirical validation Stimuli REAL SYSTEM Objective variables Figure 2.1 Conceptual framework of analysis ... quantitative tests for operational validation (or historical matching), given that the observed data are available The conceptual validity or structural validity, which is equally important for ... quantitative validation approaches based on the comparison between model output and observed data decreases This is due to the scarcity and uncertainty of field data for the model calibration and...
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Biostatistics A Methodology for the Health Sciences Second Edition pot
... authors and add the new authors in alphabetical sequence This second edition adds a chapter on randomized trials and another on longitudinal data analysis Substantial changes have been made in ... What conclusions might one draw from the study? To what population(s) is the conclusion applicable? The study is carried out and the data are collected The data are analyzed and conclusions and ... electronic formats Some content that appears in print, however, may not be available in electronic format Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Biostatistics: a methodology for the...
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Information security audit (IS audit) - A guideline for IS audits based on IT-Grundschutz pptx
... determined, and a detailed description of the facts found, as well as an evaluation of each fact for each safeguard tested Part This part contains the organisational information, for example the basis ... Audit and Control Association (ISACA), and international organisations such as the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board (IAASB) or the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) These ... information security management database, if available (e.g a GSTOOL database) - The security policy The management is responsible for the efficient and proper functioning of an organisation and...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " A Methodology for Rapid Prototyping Peak-Constrained Least-Squares Bit-Serial Finite Impulse Response Filters in FPGAs" pptx
... UK, August–September 1999 [12] S A Guccione, D Levi, and P Sundararajan, “JBits: Javabased interface for reconfigurable computing,” in 2nd Annual Military and Aerospace Applications of Programmable ... increased hardware utilization and hardware density Small size and similar shape means that space is not wasted due to gaps or irregular fit between adjacent bit-serial library components in a placement ... FPGA configuration bitstreams The Java language is used in conjunction with the JBits application program interface (API) and JBits runtime parameterizable (RTP) cores [11] to rapidly prototype a...
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Báo cáo lâm nghiệp: "Diagnosing plant water status as a tool for quantifying water stress on a regional basis in Mediterranean drylands" pdf
... A. , Nurlu E., Erdem U., Land degradation in relation to urbanisation and industrialisation in the West Anataolian region of Turkey, in: Kapur S (Ed.), International Conference on Land Degradation, ... water relations parameters, because in this month plants were actively growing and water availability was likely high after winter rains Total precipitation during March, April and May 1998 at ... trees) in an area As an example, at equal vegetation covers, a forest will show more PhA than a shrub or grass vegetation so that NDVI will be much higher in the former than in the latter case [7,...
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A METHODOLOGY FOR VALIDATION OF INTEGRATED SYSTEMS MODELS WITH AN APPLICATION TO COASTAL-ZONE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH-WEST SULAWESI " docx
... variables No data Rational validation Stimuli MODEL SYSTEM Objective variables Available data Empirical validation Stimuli REAL SYSTEM Objective variables Figure 2.1 Conceptual framework of analysis ... quantitative tests for operational validation (or historical matching), given that the observed data are available The conceptual validity or structural validity, which is equally important for ... quantitative validation approaches based on the comparison between model output and observed data decreases This is due to the scarcity and uncertainty of field data for the model calibration and...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 1 doc
... authors and add the new authors in alphabetical sequence This second edition adds a chapter on randomized trials and another on longitudinal data analysis Substantial changes have been made in ... What conclusions might one draw from the study? To what population(s) is the conclusion applicable? The study is carried out and the data are collected The data are analyzed and conclusions and ... of health care in the United States by means of a personal health questionnaire that is to be passed out at an American Medical Association convention In this case, the AMA respondents constitute...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 2 pptx
... mother The data and basic calculations are shown in Table 5.3 For purposes of this example, we assume that the sample standard deviations are, in fact, population standard deviations, so that Result ... these data on normal probability paper connecting the data points by straight lines Do the data seem normal? Estimate the mean and standard deviation from the plot Calculate the median and the ... section, as in Section 4.6.1, we assume that the population variance is known and that we want to make inferences about the mean of a normal population on the basis of a sample mean The basic strategy...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 3 pps
... than one random variable on each experimental unit Multivariate statistical analysis consists of data analysis of multivariate data The majority of data collected are, in fact, multivariate data ... flossing, and so on, the response of a person to each question is a separate variable, and thus one has multivariate data Strictly speaking, some of the two-way contingency table data we have looked at ... meaning “many,” and variate, referring to variables; the term refers to multiple variables at one time Definition 7.1 Multivariate data are data for which each observation consists of values for...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 4 pot
... State and Some Related Variables State Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Washington, DC Florida Georgia Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine ... experimentation, data collection, or data entry At any rate, a few outlying observations may have an extremely large effect Consider a one-sample t-test of mean zero based on 10 observations with ... 9.6 Data of Figure 9.1: 95% confidence bands for population means (solid) and 95% confidence bands for a future observation (dashed) 9.2.4 Analysis of Variance Consider Example 9.1 and the data for...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 5 pdf
... Two-Way ANOVA from Means and Standard Deviations As in the one-way anova, a two-way anova can be reconstructed from means and standard deviations Let Y ij be the mean, sij the standard deviation, ... that the data are paired and thus may indicate a certain type of experiment Similarly, a partitioning of total variation in a regression situation implies that two variables measured are linearly ... variances The log-linear models of Chapter are an example of a weighting procedure The data are “transformed” to make the assumptions valid Typical transformations are: √ These transformations...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 6 potx
... equation, is nonsignificant, we may accept the quadratic equation as appropriate Figure 11.5 is a scatter diagram of the data as well as the linear and quadratic curves Note that the quadratic ... longer statistically significant This example shows that for causal analysis of observational data, any factors that are associated with treatment and associated with the outcome need to be considered ... predictive variable and a second regression using both age and VO2 MAX as the predictive variable These runs give the following data: for Y = duration and X1 = age: Covariate or Constant Age Constant...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 7 potx
... 13.4.4 Akaike’s Information Criterion Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) [Akaike, 1973] is an asymptotic estimate of expected loss for a particular loss function, one that is proportional to ... Calculate and plot the probability of CHD for the woman in part (c) as a function of age 13.7 In a paper that appeared four years later, Halperin et al [1971] reexamined the Framingham data analysis ... as well as discrete or categorical variables such as cigarettes per day (0 = never smoked, = less than one pack a day, = one pack a day, = more than a pack a day) and ECG (0 = normal, = certain...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 8 ppt
... Paul SMSA, state of Colorado, and the San Francisco–Oakland SMSA The information used in this chapter refers to the combined data from the Atlanta SMSA and San Francisco–Oakland SMSA The data ... estimated by L itself Let CL λ= n i=1 Oi where C is a constant that standardizes the hazard rate appropriately Table 15.4 Stanford Heart Transplant Data i Date of Transplantation Date of Death ... rate, we again assume that L in equation (7) has a Poisson distribution So conditional on the total observation period, the variability of the estimated hazard rate is proportional to the variance...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 9 pps
... visits apart have correlation ρ2 , and in general all pairs of observations that are k visits apart have correlation ρk A banded correlation matrix will have a total of n−1 correlation parameters ... discontinue follow-up, a naive analysis may provide summaries that are not representative of the original target population Analysis of correlated data Statistical analysis of longitudinal data ... deviations determine the correlations These data have a correlation for measurements that are one year apart of 0.734, 0.733, and 0.806 For measurements two years apart, the correlation decreases...
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A Methodology for the Health Sciences - part 10 pps
... for variables in each of the data collection areas [Fisher and Zeh, 1991] The job perception and psychological areas are about as important as the medical history and physical examination areas ... log(mortality rate on day t) = α(t) + β fine-particle concentration The smooth function α(t) absorbs all the seasonal variation and leaves only the short-term day-today fluctuations for evaluating ... psychological areas contribute the same order of magnitude as the more classical medical history and physical examination variables The relative lack of overlap in predictive information means that at...
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A framework for program reasoning based on constraint traces
... Program verification is also amenable to data structure verification, such as using separation logic [166] The reason is that any constraint, including those that are statements on state of data structures ... an array update using a function aupd : A × Z × Z → A , takes as its arguments an array a, position i and argument e, and it maps these arguments to a new array a which satisfies the conditions: ... interpretation, program verification, and compositional (e.g., multiprocedural) program reasoning is simply the location at which abstraction is applied In traditional abstract interpretation, abstraction...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A spoken dialogue interface for TV operations based on data collected by using WOZ method" pptx
... eyes and enters a state that can perform various operations For example, the IFR can assist the user search for a program, can present information about any program on the television screen, and ... used as a basis for generating television operation commands and search expressions to access the TV program database Response statements to input statements may take various forms depending on ... experience and appropriate environment configuration Spoken dialogue interface system for TV operations Based on the results of the data analysis, we built a prototype system that enables television...
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A VIETNAMESE ENGLISH CROSS CULTURAL STUDY ON GESTURES FOR GREETING
... gesture can express a feeling more gracefully than words Take a handshake between Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat and Israeli Prime Minister Yitzak Rabin as an example Via international television, ... quantitative All the considerations and conclusions are largely based on the analysis of the statistic data and references The major approaches are: - Reference to publications - Survey questionnaires ... survey questionnaires it is found that such parameters as occupation and area of living appear almost constant in all situations Thus, I have decided to ignore them and focus only on age and gender...
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Tài liệu Infrastructure Solutions for High-Performance Data Networks A Planning Guide for Network Managers docx
... this standard Somewhat aware; we are aware of TIA-942 but have been waiting for the standard to be finalized before taking action Not aware; we, as an organization, are not aware of this standard ... a challenge, but one that we are usually able to deal with With great difficulty; our data center is close to full capacity and any space reallocation is a major headache Cable Management What ... easily are you able to reallocate space within the data center to respond to changing requirements? Very easily; space reallocation is rarely a challenge Adequately; space reallocation is always...
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