a fluorescence images of the glass beads after silanization at different apes concentrations as indicated in the numbers below the scale bar is
Efficient progressive collapse analysis for robustness evaluation and enhancement of steel concrete composite buildings
... (Kaewkulchai and Williamson, 2006) Underlying assumptions on simulating impact are that the falling beam is assumed as point mass, and impacted beam is initially at stationary state, and full plastic ... behavior of concrete along multiple radial paths, including uniaxial, biaxial, and triaxial tension and compression The formulation also employs a damage index that accumulates as a function of ... equivalent static analysis for robustness evaluation of building In the study, comparison between the results of equivalent static analysis, codified static analysis and nonlinear time-history analysis...
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Tài liệu Design of Feedback Control Systems for Stable Plants with Saturating Actuators ppt
... compensator states for the simulation of the system with saturation, it is clear that he states of the compensator not remain within the BA,C set When the controls are saturated the direction of the ... trajectory of the compensator states for the simulation of the linear system Note that the states of the compensator not remain within the BA,C set so there is a potential for the controls to saturate ... shows the compensator state trajectory for the simulation of the system with saturation and the EG operator The states of the compensator remain within the BA,C set so control saturation is not...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Insights into the design of a hybrid system between Anabaena ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase and bovine adrenodoxin pot
... the ET reaction In this case an increase in the kobs value would be expected with increasing Adxox concentration, finally leading to saturating conditions that would be associated with an asymptotic ... with the exception of that at an Adxox:FNRrd : ratio, with kobs values decreasing with increasing Adx concentration, whereas the calculated V0 values increase with Adx concentration Such observations ... FNR (data not shown), is noticeable For this reaction a lag phase with no absorbance changes (200 s) is observed before the reaction is initiated, indicating that the accumulation of an obligatory...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "User studies and the design of Natural Language Systems" doc
... told them that an English interface to a database was run3.1 Preliminary analysis and filtering ning on the machine and that the database contained information about paintings by Van Gogh and other ... from the "database" about a set of paintings which possessed certain characteristics The database contained information about Van Gogh's paintings including their age, theme, medium, and location ... such as spreadsheets or graphics packages Of the remainder, had some experience with using databases and one of these had participated in the design a database None of them was familiar with the...
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surface production operations - design of oil handling systems and facilities
... Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Application submitted British Library Cataloguing -in- Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 978-0-7506-7853-7 ... Featured in this text are such important topics as gas– liquid separation, liquid–liquid separation, oil treating, desalting, water treating, water injection, crude stabilization, and many other ... understand the uncertainties and assumptions inherent in designing and operating the equipment in these systems and the limitations, advantages, and disadvantages associated with their use Preface...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Optimal Design of Noisy Transmultiplexer Systems Huan Zhou1 and Lihua Xie2" docx
... bands (thereby permitting crosstalk), we can eliminate the crosstalk in a manner analogous to aliasing cancellation in maximally decimated filter banks by a careful choice of transmitters and receivers ... are the state-space matrices of Ec,i as defined in (36) and (38) Remark Note again that (41) is linear in receiver parameters and can be solved using convex optimization With Theorems and 3, the ... That is, it will lead to the optimal solution rather than a suboptimal solution Problem formulation As stated before, the leakage from one band to another is known as the crosstalk which is the...
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Part 4: Code of practice for design of composite slabs with profiled steel sheeting ppt
... should be taken as the “bare metal thickness” of the sheets excluding any protective or decorative finish such as zinc coating or organic coating The nominal bare metal thickness of the sheets ... concrete in accordance with BS 8110-2:1985) taking As as Ap, d as ds and b as Bs) 6.5.2 Punching shear capacity The punching shear capacity Vp of a composite slab at a concentrated load should ... preparation iii BS 5950-4:1994 Apart from the above changes, the technical content of the standard is unchanged It has been assumed in the drafting of this British Standard that the execution of...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 1 pps
... processes are not discussed in this volume Natural gas produced from a well is usually saturated with water vapor Most gas treating processes also leave the gas saturated with water vapor The water vapor ... necessary for heating and cooling the gas, as well as for regenerating the various substances used in gas treating and processing This chapter discusses the procedures used to calculate the rate at ... northern areas of the U.S and Canada the gas contracts require lower dew points or lower water vapor concentrations in the gas Water vapor concentrations of 2-4 Ib/MMscf are common, If the gas is...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 2 doc
... be in the form of sensible heat, latent heat, or both Sensible Heat The amount of heat absorbed or lost by a substance that causes a change in the temperature of the substance is sensible heat ... It is called sensible heat because it can be measured by the change in temperature it causes For example, as heat is added to a piece of steel the temperature of that steel increases and can ... from the Gas Processors Suppliers Association's Engineering Data Book and gives an approximate value of U for shell and tube heat exchangers It can be seen from the table that exchanging water...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 3 pps
... calculate sensible heat for both the gas and liquid phases of each component The sum of all the latent and sensible heats is the approximate total heat duty Heat Lost to Atmosphere The total heat ... bath heaters can be a coil of a hot heat medium or steam, waste heat exhaust from an engine or turbine, or heat from electric immersion heaters An example of a bath heater is an emulsion heater-treater ... exchanger, and the third letter designates the back, or the rear, of the heat exchanger An AES classification for a heat exchanger means that the heat exchanger has a channel and removable cover...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 4 pdf
... directing the flow patterns, the plate gasket keeps the fluids retained within the plate pack Figure 3-13 shows a plate-and-frame exchanger Major advantages of plate-and-frame exchangers include the ... the heater and heat the process fluid in the tubes The principal classification of fired heaters relates to the orientation of the heating coil in the radiant section The tube coils of vertical ... separated and retained across gasketed surfaces, they are limited to moderate temperature and pressure applications In addition, some operators not allow the use of plate-and-frame exchangers in...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 5 pps
... condensing as the gas is processed, it is necessary to dehydrate the gas (that is, remove water vapor) until the amount of water vapor remaining in the gas is less than that required to fully saturate ... temperature, the amount of water vapor contained in the gas will decrease That is, water will condense The temperature at which water condenses from natural gas is called its dew point If the gas is ... is saturated with water vapor, it is by definition at its dew point The amount of water vapor saturated in the gas is given Hydrates 99 Table 4-1 Calculation of Temperature for Hydrate Formation...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 6 potx
... heaters, the coils are immersed in a bath of water The water is heated by a fire tube that is in the bath below the coils That is, the fire tube provides a heat flux that heats the water bath The ... greatly with weather conditions and is usually the greatest in heavy rain and extreme cold As an approximation it can be assumed that the heat lost from the heater to the atmosphere is less than ... that the greater the LMTD between the gas and the bath temperature, the greater the heat transfer per unit area, that is, the greater the LMTD, the smaller the coil surface area needed for the...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 7 ppsx
... cost and operating complexity associated with an LTX unit CHAPTER Acid Gas Treating * In addition to heavy hydrocarbons and water vapor, natural gas often contains other contaminants that may have ... fresh SulfaTreat® material reloaded to be placed into operation as the lag unit without gas flow interruption Removal of the spent SulfaTreat® material and the reload of the fresh material could ... pressure is measured according to 138 Design of GAS-HANDLING Systems and Facilities a specific ASTM testing procedure A sample is placed in an evacuated container such that the ratio of the vapor volume...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 8 doc
... following are some of the proprietary processes for hot potassium carbonate: Benfield: Several activators Girdler: Alkanolamine activators Catacarb; Alkanolamine and/or borate activators Giammarco-Vetrocoke: ... corrosion and MEA losses, Diethanolamine Systems Diethanolamine (DBA) is a secondary arnine that has in recent years replaced MEA as the most common chemical solvent As a secondary amine, DEA is a weaker ... use either an atnine or carbonate solution Amine Processes Several processes are available that use the basic action of various amines These amines can be categorized as primary, secondary, or...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 9 pdf
... convention in the remainder of this chapter Design Considerations Inlet Gas Temperature At constant pressure, the water content of the inlet gas increases as the inlet gas temperature increases For example, ... space at the reboiler or into a separate separator This creates a "cold finger" in the vapor space The hydrocarbon liquid and vapor phases along with the glycol/water phase are separated in a three-phase ... its viscosity and encourage easier separation of condensate and gas The gas from the glycol/condensate separator can be used for fuel gas, In many small field gas packaged units this gas is routed...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 1 Part 10 pdf
... most desiccants than when drying partially saturated gases However, in most field gas dehydration installations the inlet gas is saturated with water vapor and this is not a variable that must be ... temperature increases The temperature of the regeneration gas that commingles with the incoming wet gas ahead of the dehydrators is also important If the temperature of these two gas streams differs ... desiccant turns to steam and is absorbed by the natural gas This gas leaves the top of the tower and is cooled by the regeneration gas cooler When the gas is cooled the saturation level of water vapor...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 2 Part 1 docx
... if the towers are insulated internally Regeneration Gas Heater Assume the inlet temperature of regeneration gas is 4QO°F In the beginning the initial outlet temperature of the bed will be the ... towers packing is used instead of trays Manufacturers supply data for their packing material which indicates the amount of feet of packing required to provide the same mass transfer as a standard ... cycle, the regenerator gas heater must be sized for Regeneration Gas Cooler The regeneration gas cooling load is calculated using the assumption that all of the desorbed water is condensed during a...
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ARNOLD, K. (1999). Design of Gas-Handling Systems and Facilities (2nd ed.) Episode 2 Part 2 pps
... that R < For initial calculations it can be assumed that ratio per stage is equal for each stage • Next, calculate the discharge gas temperature for the first stage If the discharge temperature ... clear from Figure 10-12 that because of the cooling that occured in the interstage (A to D) the gas at C is cooler than it would have been at point B The discharge temperature for any single stage ... be decreased, increase the number of stages by one and recalculate the discharge temperature • Once the discharge temperature is acceptable, calculate the horsepower required, and calculate suction...
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