... GlcNAcb13Galb1-4GlcNAcb-pNP was measured by HPLC as described in the Analytical methods Materials and methods Analytical methods Materials Endo-b-galactosidases from E freundii and B fragilis were from Seikagaku ... UDP-GlcNAc and UDP-Gal were kind gifts from Yamasa Corporation (Choshi, Japan) All other chemicals were obtained from commercial sources Enzyme assay b-D-Galactosidase, b-D-glucosidase and b-NAHase activities ... the same way, compound was obtained in a 71% total yield (13.2 mg) based on the acceptor from and UDP-Gal H and 13C-NMR data of and are summarized in Table Preparation of GlcNAcb1-3Galb1-4GlcNAcb-pNP...
... Cornacchia C, Mollica A, Iannitelli DAE, Cataldi A, Zara S, Nasuti C, Di Stefano A: Ibuprofen and Glutathione Conjugate as a Potential Therapeutic Agent for Treating Alzheimer’s Disease Arch Pharm ... the data and wrote the manuscript; XL performed cell culture, western blot analysis, ELISA assay and NO measurements; RL and LS helped in performing NO measurements All authors read and approved ... Neuroinflammation, represented by activated microglia and astrocytes, isa prominent pathological feature that contributes to neurodegeneration in AD In AD brain, activated microglia release a variety...
... Yamaguchi H, Sasaki K, Satomi Y, Shimbara T, Kageyama H, Mondal MS, Toshinai K, Date Y, Gonzalez LJ, Shioda S, Takao T, Nakazato M, Minamino N Peptidomic identification and biological validation of ... 29 Chakraborty TR, Tkalych O, Nanno D, Garcia AL, Devi LA, Salton SR Quantification of Vgf- and pro-SAAS-derived peptides in endocrine tissues and the brain, and their regulation by diet and cold ... Cruz Biotech, CA) The assay was developed using a stabilized HRP substrate All samples were analyzed in the linear range of the ELISA using over-expressed human Vgf as a standard Assessment of...
... for caspases and 7; Ac-YVAD-AMC isa substrate for caspase 1; Ac-IETD-AMC isa substrate for caspase and 10; Ac-LEHD-AMC isa substrate for caspases 2, 4, and Ac-DVPD-AMC, Ac-DPSD-AMC and Ac-ESQD-AMC ... (RFU) and the standard deviation are plotted on the y-axis and the migration of protein standards of known molecular mass are shown above the relevant fractions Fig Caspase and KIPase activity ... duplicate The preferred substrate (bar A) for each was as follows: caspase 1, WEHD-AMC; caspase 2, VDVADAMC; caspase 3, DEVD-AMC; caspase 4, WEHD-AMC; caspase 5, WEHD-AMC, caspase 6, VEID-AMC; caspase...
... compilation ª 2008 FEBS C Papin et al Zealand), followed by affinity purification The antibody against Xenopus CPEB is an affinity-purified rabbit polyclonal antiserum [20] The RPA and AuroraA antibodies ... New England Biolabs (Ipswich, MA, USA) (9106S) The b-tubulin and HA antibodies were obtained from E7 (Iowa Hybridoma Bank, Iowa City, IA, USA) and 12CA5 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) hybridomas, respectively ... critical reading of the manuscript, and J M Donnay and G Herrada for technical assistance This work was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and the Association pour la Recherche...
... CTTTTTAGAACGACATGCAGCTGAAGCTTCGTA CGC-3¢ and disRAS1rev CAAAACCATGTCATAT CAAGAGAGCAGGATCATTTTCAACAAATTATGC ATAGGCCACTAGGGATCTG-3¢ YEp351-SUT2 was constructed to contain SUT2 as the only open reading frame present ... CGCTGGCTTCCAAACCCTTATCGATACCGTCGA CCC-3¢ and SUT-GFPrev 5¢-AACAATTTCACACACA GGAAACAGCTATGACCATGATTACGCTATAGG GCGAATTGGGTA-3¢, respectively YEp351-SUT2 was linearized with SphI and co-transformed ... The cassette was amplified from the plasmid pUG27 [13] using the primers disSUT2fwd 5¢-TGACGCTCACCAAGCTATTGGTTT GTTTGGATCAATCGTCAGATATGAAGGCATAG GCCACTAGTGGATCTG-3¢ and disSUT2rev 5¢-TAT TAATATTCCTATATTTTACATAGGAGGAAATTA...
... F-actin in a direct manner Formation of higher order actin structures, such as bundles and cables, is crucial to stabilize the organization of transvacuolar strands and maintain overall cellular ... complementary (5¢-CACCGCAGTGCCATGGAAGGAGTTTC CACACGAATGTGGAAACTCCTTCCATGGCACTG-3¢) according to the manufacture’s protocol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) Transfections with various DNA constructs ... mutations into each LIM domain: LIM1(10Cys fi Ser, 13Cys fi Ser):5¢-GGA GGCGCAAAATCTGGAGCCTCTGAAAAGACCGTCTA C-3¢; LIM2(120Cys fi Ser, 123Cys fi Ser): 5¢-GAGAGTCC GAGAAGTCCCCTCGATCTGGCAAGTCAGTCTATG-3¢...
... car that travels faster, farther and wastes less energy The most common area where surface friction will occur is between the axle and the chassis The interface between the axle and the chassis ... of all right triangles Ancient mathematicians found that all right triangles are proportional by ratios of their sides and angles These ratios times the angle are known as sine, cosine, and tangent ... chassis is called the bearing A plain bearing can be as simple as an axle turning in a drilled hole A bushing isa smooth sleeve placed in a hole that gives the axle a smother rubbing surface, which...
... 5¢-GACTCGCAGACAATGATGG TC-3¢ and 5¢-GCAAACTCATCATGGGCACC-3¢ The results were normalized with b-actin, for which the primers were 5¢-ATGGTGGGAATGGGTCAGAAG-3¢ and 5¢-CA CGCAGCTCATTGTAGAAGG-3¢ Another ... pcDNA3.1-GST-Nur77 plasmid pSilencer-shNur77 was prepared by overlapping strategy with primers 5¢-gacGGATCCgcagtccagccatgctccttt caagagaaggagcatg-3¢ (with BamHI), 5¢-cggAAGCTTtATC GATccaaaaaacagtccagccatgctccttctcttg-3¢ ... CCTCCAAAAAGCACACAGA-3¢ for St-182 and St-93/ -182, 5¢-AGAAATTATCATCTTTTCCAGTCCGAGA-3¢ for St-93 and St-93/-182, and 5¢-TGGTCTTGAACTCCT CGTGATCTGCCCA-3¢ for Lst-595 pcDNA3.1-Nur77 expression plasmid...
... 5¢-CGATCCAAGCTTTAAGGAGG AAtagGAAATGGAATTCATCGAAAAAATCCG-3¢ antisense primer, 5¢-TGCATCCATCTAGAGCATTCA GC-3¢ The amplified PCR product was digested with HindIII and XbaI, separated by agarose gel ... ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and o-phenanthroline and/ or activated by divalent cations (Table 4) Comparison of the characteristics of LaaA with those of the other L-amino acid amidases suggests that LaaA is ... sulfate fractionation and DEAE-Toyopearl and ButylToyopearl column chromatographies (Table 2) The final Fig SDS/PAGE of LaaA Lane 1, molecular mass standards [phosphorylase b (94 kDa), BSA (67 kDa),...
... N-terminal S- and HIS- tags and C-terminal HIS- and HSV-tags The fragments were over expressed in E coli and purified using Ni-NTA agarose (Qiagen, Valencia, CA, USA) CSB ATPase activity The ATPase activity ... and buffer Aand dissolved in · SDS loading buffer, boiled and analyzed by SDS ⁄ PAGE and western using HA and HSV antibody [Y11 (1 : 2000), Santa Cruz Biotechnology, and HSV-tag monoclonal antibody ... CSB at this position (Fig 3, compare fractions 25 and 27) This suggests that CSB is only active as an ATPase when it isa dimer Also, we did not detect a peak in DNA-dependent ATPase activity at...
... Briefly, DNA was double-digested with DraI and HpaI, incubated with T4 ligase (Promega) to create intramolecular ligations, and amplified with a primer pair 158F and 86R Amplification and sequence ... 90) is probably the translational start site because it is followed by a typical signal peptide motif with a basic residue (lysine) anda hydrophobic region (rich in valine and alanine) and matches ... Kel, A. E., Kel, O.V., Ignatieva, E.V., Ananko, E .A. , Podkolodnaya, O .A. , Kolpakov, F .A. , Podkolodny, N.L & Kolchanov, N .A (1998) Databases on transcriptional regulation: TRANSFAC, TRRD, and COMPEL...
... primer (5¢-aaatgtcttgaccagccgtc-3¢) and Chip2dw primer (5¢-gaaacaaaggcctctcccag-3¢); Chip3up primer (5¢-gctttgcagtcagaatggtc-3¢) and Chip3dw primer (5¢-ctgagcactgactacgaaac-3¢) The Chip1up and Chip1dw ... Seattle, WA, USA) that targeted a conserved sequence in rat, mouse and human CUX1 was kindly provided by Dr Julian Downward [50] Two bases (in capitals) were further mutated (5¢-aagaaga acaGAccagaggattt-3¢) ... MG_U74Av2 GeneChips (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA, USA), followed by microarray analysis as described elsewhere [51] Microarray Analysis Suite 5.0 (MAS, Affymetrix) was used to quantify microarray...
... the nucleus basalis reduced ChAT in the cortex (Nabeshima and Nitta, 1994; Yamaguchi and Kawashima, 2001; Harkany et al., 1999), and enhanced AChE activity (Shin et al., 2005) In this connection, ... maze was made of black painted wood; each arm was 40 cm long, 12 cm high, cm wide at the bottom and 10 cm wide at the top The arms converged at an equilateral triangular central area that was ... behavioral test The behavioral study began on day after A i.c.v infusion, and carried out sequentially All mice were sacrificed immediately after behavioral tests For histological analysis, animals...
... 5a and b These metal nanoposts and nanoholes can be potentially applied into photonic crystals, and also for further processing using as metal masks Conclusions We have demonstrated anovel maskless ... produced a large area of highly uniform hexagonally packed gold nanoposts and nanoholes in gold thin film 123 using the uniform HCP nanoholes and nanopillars of photoresist for lift-off process, as ... nanospheres and applies them into the maturely developed photolithography system It is simple, fast, economical, and compatible with current photolithography sources and photoresists, and hence it can...
... TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTCGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTCGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTTGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC TCTCCCTCCGAGCAGGTTGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC t p.G60V ... Gorilla gorilla Pongo pygmaeus Macaca mulatta Callithrix jacchus TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTCGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTCGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC TCTCCCTCCAAGCAGGTCGAAGAAGGGGGCAAAGCAGACACCCTGAGCTCC ... manuscript SL and TS evaluated and interpreted SNP microarray and aCGH data All authors read and approved the final manuscript for publication Acknowledgments We thank the heterotaxy patients and families...
... research, and analyzed the data HH, KItoh, and JF designed the research, contributed vital new reagents, and analyzed the data TU analyzed the data, drafted the paper, and organized the research For ... research, performed research, contributed vital new reagents, analyzed data, and wrote the paper ATK designed research, analyzed data, wrote the paper, and organized the research KS, KIo, and ... resistance and immune escape More recently, Nathans et al have reported a small molecule that specifically antagonizes Vif function and inhibits viral replication by targeting the A3 G/Vif axis...
... calcium channels and the subsequent release of calcium (Ca2+) This release of Ca2+ allows EGFR to activate Ca2+-dependent pathways such as Ra (one) and NFκB pathways (Hofer et al., 1998; Sun and ... engagement of other signaling pathways such as JNK and MAPK pathways (Marais et al., 1998; McClellan et al., 1999) In addition to its function as a PKC activator, DAG is also suggested to be a ... multiple signaling pathways can be elicited from the activated EGFR The major signaling pathways activated by EGFR are the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/PDK1/Akt, PLCγ/DAG/IP3 and JAK/STAT pathways All of...
... 1145-9 Tamura N, Ogawa Y, Chusho H, et al Cardiac fibrosis in mice lacking brain natriuretic peptide Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97: 4239-44 Mukoyama M, Nakao K, Saito Y, et al Human brain natriuretic ... and EH Acknowledgments We would like to thank Dr Y Watanabe and Dr Y Izumi for collecting the samples, and Ms H Tobe, M Nakamura, and K Sugama for their technical assistance This work was supported ... 5’-AAGGAGGCACTGGGAGAGGGGAAAT-3’ (bases -1323 to -1299) and antisense, 5’CCCCACCAAGCCAACACAGGATGGA -3’ (bases -919 to-895) were used to amplify a 429-bp product from genomic DNA (Fig 1A) The PCR products...