Quản lý hoạt động kiểm tra, đánh giá kết quả học tập các môn chuyên ngành của học viên ở học viện an ninh nhân dân theo định hướng phát triển năng lực TT TIENG ANH

1 INTRODUCTION Reason for choosing thesis topic Testing and assessing learners' outcomes is a regular work in the training process, a very important part of the teaching process, and an inevitable trend of modern education with its great significance for teachers, learners as well as educational management agencies Accordingly, managing the testing and assessment of learning outcomes is an essential job, meeting the requirements of education and training reform, and contributing to the training of high-quality human resources for the Public Security Testing and assessment of learning outcomes is defined as the process of assessing learners on their knowledge level, creative thinking ability, and practical application relation of learners after studying and researching subjects, is an important tool, mainly to evaluate the results of learners' achievement of learning goals according to the output standards of the training program It is considered as an important foundation for competent authorities to advise on renovating training programs and contents, renewing teaching methods, testing and examination methods to improve the quality of education and training The Resolution of the Eighth Conference of the Central Committee of the Party (term XI) affirms the goal: “For tertiary education, focus on training highly qualified human resources, fostering talents, developing the quality of capacity for self-study, self-enrichment of knowledge, and learners’ creativity" The resolution also states: “Assessment of university training results in the direction of focusing on analytical, creative, self-updating and knowledge-renovation capabilities; professional ethics; scientific and technological research and application capacity; practical capacity, organizational capacity and adaptability to the working environment” [6] In order to fulfil this goal, besides innovating programs, contents, methods, means, forms of teaching organization, etc., the testing and assessment of learning results in general and learning outcomes of subjects must be carried out The student's particular specialty is an important step Activities of testing and evaluating learners' learning results in specialized subjects are associated with the objectives and content of training specialized subjects By testing and evaluating learners' learning outcomes, managers determine the level of achievement of training goals, thereby taking timely measures to adjust teaching and learning activities in specialized subjects In the face of the aforementioned trend, the People's Public Security Schools, including the People's Security Academy, are currently organizing a strong implementation of the fundamental and comprehensive renovation of Education & Training Of which, it needs to conduct the following tasks: "Research and innovate examination forms and methods, test and evaluate education and training results to ensure honesty, objectivity, and correct assessment of cadets' learning outcomes It needs to complete the system of documents and instructions in the exam, testing and evaluating training quality Strengthening testing, supervision and application of information technology in management and monitoring of training quality in order to create a drastic change in teaching, learning and management activities in academies and public people's security schools.” [6] However, testing and evaluating the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy only focuses on assessing the knowledge of the subject, not focusing on developing the capacity for learners, especially the capacity formed through studying specialized subjects at the Academy Besides the content, the training program is also heavily theoretical, lacks practical environment, the teaching methods of the lecturers has not been really innovated, the management of testing activities, and the assessment of learning results The specialized subjects are not strict, consistent, etc is also the cause of the low quality of learning specialized subjects In order to overcome the above situation, it is necessary to have studies on the management of examination and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development at academies under the Ministry of Public Security in general and at the People's Security Academy in particular This is one of the bases to innovate and improve the quality of training at the People's Security Academy, meeting the task of Education & training in the People's Public Security in the new period There have been several studies on the management of testing and assessment of learning outcomes of cadets by domestic and foreign authors However, there are no systematic studies in terms of management of testing and assessment activities oriented towards capacity development, especially capacity development in specialized subjects of cadets with specific characteristics such as the current People's Security Academy Therefore, the PhD candidate decides to choose the topic entitles "Management of testing and assessment activities of cadets' learning outcomes of specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development" as her doctoral thesis of Educational Management 3 Aims and objectives of the study Aims By studying the theory, practice management of testing activities, assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development, proposing measures to manage testing activities, assess the learning results of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development in order to objectively and comprehensively assess cadets' capacity and capacity development during the training process , contributing to improving the quality of comprehensive education of the Academy, meeting the training requirements of the people's police force in the current period Objectives - Giving an overview of the situation related to the thesis topic - Forming a theoretical basis for management of examination and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development - Conducting related surveys, analysing and evaluating the current status of learning activities and results and the current status of management of examination and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy according to the orientation of capacity development in recent years - Proposing measures to manage the examination and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development - Conducting a test of the necessity and feasibility of the proposed measures and test a measure General object, object, and scope of the study General object Management of teaching activities at the People's Security Academy Object Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Scope and limitations In terms of content: the thesis focuses on research on the management of testing and assessment of learning results in specialized subjects of the regular training system at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 4 In terms of general object: the thesis focuses on surveying the management staff, lecturers teaching specialized subjects and cadets of the People's Security Academy In terms of time: the research data used for the thesis research is surveyed, investigated and synthesized from 2015 to present Scientific hypothesis Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development plays an important role in ensuring the achievement of educational goals & training of the Academy However, the theory and practice of this issue have not been studied systematically; the implementation process at the Academy remains certain shortcomings Therefore, if appropriate measures can be proposed, such as: Building and perfecting a system of regulatory documents on management of testing and assessment activities learning results of cadets in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development; Organize the development of criteria for assessing the competence of cadets in specialized subjects according to the orientation of capacity development; Organize training to improve the capacity of management subjects in the management of examination and assessment of learning results in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development; Directing the application of information technology in activities of learning results and managing activities of testing and evaluating cadets' learning results in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development; Strengthening supervision and assessment of the effectiveness of management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development will improve the quality of management of testing and assessment activities of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects, contributing to improving the training quality at the People's Security Academy today Methodology and research methods Methodology The thesis is carried out basing on the scientific methodology of Marxism - Leninism, Ho Chi Minh thought; resolutions, directives, undertakings and policies of the Party and State on education and training innovation and education and training management In the research process, the topic applies the following approaches: system structure approach; practical approach; functional approach and development approach to clarify theoretical and practical issues of the thesis 5 Activities approach: Review and manage testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development as activities with members of the People's Security Academy and operating according to the laws of activity The elements of the management of testing and assessment activities such as planning, determining objectives, choosing methods of testing and evaluating forms, etc have a dialectical relationship with each other Accordingly, it is essential to link the elements of the activity in management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy Systemic - structured approach: testing and assessment is a stage of the training process, existing in a unified relationship, mutually supporting each other with other components, so testing and assessment it is necessary to put in relationship the stages from determining training objectives, selecting training content, methods and forms of training to measures to ensure training quality Practical approach: It is conducted on the practice of testing and evaluating learning outcomes of specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development, the general conditions of testing and assessment of learning results and characteristics of activities of testing and assessing learning results of specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development Accordingly, the thesis solves the problem of managing activities of testing and assessing learning results of specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development in the most consistent relationship with educational development and educational management and training at the People's Security Academy Functional approach: The functional approach in this study is the review and application of the basic functions of management to deploy activities to test and evaluate the learning outcomes of specialized subjects Capacity Development On that basis, the contents and measures to manage the examination and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development are considered flexibly in terms of methods of educational management function, the management stages and the output standard requirements of the Academy Competency approach: It is done on the theory of formation and capacity development as a methodological basis for determining measures to manage activities of testing and evaluating the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 6 Development approach: Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is not a static issue but always changes under the influence of objective and subjective factors Thus, it is vital to have a development perspective when recognizing, evaluating and promptly supplementing aspects of management of examination and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the orientation of capacity development and factors affecting it to promptly propose appropriate management measures *Research Methods Group of theoretical research methods: The study is conducted using a combination of the following methods: Analyse, synthesize and generalize documents on management theory and educational management of domestic and foreign authors Analyse and synthesize directives and resolutions on education reform, training and education and training management of the Party and State Study documents on education and training, especially on educational management of academies under the Ministry of Public Security; thereby drawing conclusions related to the management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Accordingly, it helps graduate cadets generalize, evaluate and interpret views and ideas related to the thesis Group of practical research methods: Method of survey questionnaire Conducting opinion polls on the basis of posing questions and options to answer issues directly related to the research problem From there, summarize the results of research on the current situation and feasibility of the measures proposed by the PhD candidate in the thesis Methods of discussion and interview Talk, exchange and interview with educational administrators (Directors, lecturers, officials of functional agencies such as the Department of Training Management and Advanced Training, Examination and Quality Assurance of training courses, expert from the Department of Training - Ministry of Public Security) Methods of studying products Studying the summarizing reports on education and training, the contents of examination and assessment management, thereby having a practical basis to evaluate the management of examination activities and assessment of learning results of specialized subjects of cadets at academies under the Ministry of Public Security in the direction of capacity development in the most accurate and complete way Method of pedagogical observation Observe the process of regular testing and assessment and the endof-semester and academic year examination and assessment at the People's Security Academy Method of summarizing educational management experience and cadet management Methods of expert’s consultancy Conduct exchanges with managers and lecturers who have extensive experience in educational and training management activities, especially experienced and dedicated lecturers At the same time, consult experts of some scientists in the field of education and training management; manage the examination and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects according to the orientation of capacity development at academies under the Ministry of Public Security On that basis, complete the research contents of the thesis Method of pedagogical testing The PhD candidate conducts experiments with the measures proposed by the thesis at the People's Security Academy From there, comments and assessments are drawn as the foundation for conclusions and recommendations Methods of supportive group Methods of mathematical statistics: Using statistical mathematics to synthesize and process data collected during the research process Methods of using informatics software: Using computer software to represent data in the form of: Tables, charts, etc to affirm the accuracy and reliability of the results New contributions of the study The thesis helps to enrich the theoretical basis in the direction of research on teaching activities, management of teaching activities, including management of testing activities, assessment of learning results of specialized subjects of cadets at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Conduct related surveys and assess the status of testing activities, assessing the learning results of specialized subjects and the current status of managing the status of testing activities, assessing the learning results of cadets in specialized subjects at the University People's Security Institute 8 Analyse strengths, weaknesses and causes of the current situation of management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy Propose a system of scientific and feasible measures to manage the examination and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy Theoretical and practical significance of the study Theoretical significance The thesis interprets scientific basis of testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Practical significance The thesis can be used as references for management research and teaching in academies and schools under the Ministry of Public Security at present Structure of the study The thesis includes: Introduction, overview of the research problem, chapters, conclusions, recommendations, list of scientific works of the author, list of references and appendices Chapter LITERATURE REVIEW 1.1 Studies on testing and assessing learning outcomes in the direction of developing cadets' competencies 1.1.1 Studies by foreign authors Typical foreign authors include: J.A Comesnky; Ralph Tyler; W.James Popham; Robere Glarer; Norman E Gronlund; B.S Bloom; George F Madaus; V.M Palonsky; G.V.Axacliac; A.M Levitov; A.E Xalovicov; Anthony J Nitko; Shirley Fletcher; Wiggins; Jon Mueller; Reynolds, Livingston & Willson These authors mentioned the goals, contents, forms and methods of testing and assessing cadets' learning outcomes 1.1.2 Studies by Vietnamese authors Typical authors: Lam Quang Thiep; Tran Thi Tuyet Oanh; Dang Thanh Hung; Tran Xuan Bach; Bui Quang Dat; Nguyen Cong Khanh; Nguyen Thanh Ngoc Bao; Pham Do Nhat Tien; Pham Van Hien, etc These authors mentioned the role of testing and assessment, the forms of testing and assessment methods being applied with high efficiency in our country; On the basis of assessing the current status of testing and assessment in a number of higher education institutions, the authors have proposed measures to improve the quality and efficiency of testing and assessment, including measures to control check and evaluate according to capacity 1.2 Studies on management of testing and assessment of learning outcomes in the direction of capacity development 1.2.1 Studies by foreign authors Typical works by the British Educational Accreditation Agency (QAA) (Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education); research project: “Monitoring Educational Achievement” by UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization); AUN (Asean University Network), in the study of the set of criteria for assessment management, testing, assessment of learning outcomes, etc., has set out specific goals and solutions for management and assessment of cadet learning outcomes 1.2.2 Studies by Vietnamese authors Typical authors: Dang Ba Lam; Ngo Quang Son; Do Ngoc Thong; Mai Van Hoa; Tran Dinh Tuan; Can Thi Thanh Huong; Pham Thanh Trung; Tran Duc Hieu; Tran Trung Dung; Chu Van Hac; Nguyen Van Dong; Tran Thi Phuong Diep; Do Anh Dung; Nguyen Ngoc Linh; Tran Thi Bich Ngoc These authors have researched from many different angles; all affirm the important position and role of testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment activities On the basis of theoretical and practical interpretations, diverse and comprehensive solutions have been proposed to manage cadets’ testing and assessment activities 1.3 Overview of the results of the previous works and the problems need further addressing in the thesis 1.3.1 Overview of the results of the previous works Firstly, although these works touched upon the problem from many different directions, there is one thing in common of the above studies, which all agree to affirm the necessity of managing activities to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes Secondly, each study, based on the situation, characteristics and tasks of the training institution, delves into specific issues with specific characteristics, making certain contributions in terms of theory and practice on testing activities, assessing learning outcomes and managing testing activities, assessing cadets' learning outcomes in the direction of capacity development Thirdly, testing activities, assessing learning outcomes and managing testing activities, assessing cadets' learning outcomes have been paid attention from many perspectives to manage test activities and assess cadets' learning outcomes, these studies can be applied to the management of testing activities and assessment of cadets' learning 10 outcomes in academies, universities in general and at the People's Security Academy in particular Fourthly, these studies go into the direction of research on management of testing activities and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes with a process approach or a functional approach, but there are not many works towards cadets’ capacity development Fifthly, the studies on management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in the direction of capacity development are currently mainly associated with a certain subject, there are very few works associated with a specific activity in the teaching and learning process In particular, there are insufficient studies on the management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in the direction of capacity development in training institutions and academies under the Ministry of Public Security Thus, this is seen as one of the scientific "gaps" for the thesis author to conduct his study 1.3.2 The problems need further addressing in the thesis By analysing and synthesizing the results of related research works and from the purpose and research tasks of the topic, the thesis focuses on solving the following basic problems: Firstly, the thesis inherits the research results of related works, the thesis will clarify the theoretical basis of the thesis topic, which research and solve specific problems such as: Building concept manage the testing and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development; clarifying the nature of activities of testing and evaluating the learning results of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development and management of testing and assessment of cadets’ learning results of specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Identify characteristics in testing activities, assess cadets' learning results in specialized subjects and manage testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at Security Academy people in the direction of capacity development; summarize, explain the characteristics of management of testing activities, evaluate the learning results of cadets' specialized subjects Point out the factors affecting the management of testing activities and assessment of cadets’ learning results of specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Secondly, the thesis studies on the current status of testing and assessing cadets' learning outcomes at academies under the Ministry of Public Security have been conducted at various times, with different approaches However, in those studies, there has not been any work to clarify the characteristics and evaluate the current status of management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy according to capacity development Therefore, the thesis will continue to solve this problem to propose the development of measures to manage the testing and assessment of cadets' learning results in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy according to capacity development 11 Thirdly, the thesis proposes, analyses and clarifies measures to manage activities of testing and evaluating the learning results of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy according to capacity development This is considered a core issue, not only contributing to improving the quality of management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects, but also directly contributing to improving the quality of training at the university The People's Security Academy meets the requirements of fundamental and comprehensive innovation in education and training Fourthly, the thesis conducts a test of the necessity and feasibility of the proposed measures and conducts a test of a measure that has a fundamental impact on the stages of the process of organization, testing, and assessment Conclusion of chapter The overview of domestic and foreign studies related to the thesis topic shows that the works on testing activities, assessment of learning results and management of testing activities, assessment of learning outcomes of cadets at universities in general, there have been many research works following different approaches Yet, up to now, there has not been any research on the basic and systematic study of the management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy according to capacity development Therefore, it can be affirmed that the topic entitles: "Management of testing and assessment of cadets’ learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development" is original with its urgent significance Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS FOR MANAGEMENT OF TESTING AND ASSESSMENT OF CADETS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES AT THE PEOPLE'S SECURITY ACADEMY IN THE DIRECTION OF CAPABILITY DEVELOPMENT 2.1 Theoretical issues on testing and assessment of cadets’ learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.1.1 Testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes 2.1.1.1 Concept of testing Testing is seen as an activity to measure or determine the level of knowledge, skills and attitudes that cadets achieve after a certain process of learning 2.1.1.2 Concept of assessment 12 Assessment in the teaching process is the systematic process of taking measures to determine the level of achievement of cadets according to the teaching objectives, through which it is possible to make judgments about learning outcomes and the quality of training products, contributing to improving the quality of training 2.1.1.3 Concept of learning outcomes Learning outcomes are the system of knowledge, attitudes, skills, and techniques acquired by cadets in a learning process, which are quantified by scores or letters, which are shown specifically through testing and assessment (qualification test score, final exam score) and final testing and assessment (graduation exam outcomes, graduation thesis) 2.1.1.4 Concept of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes Testing and assessment of cadet learning outcomes are measures taken systematically to determine cadet learning outcomes compared to teaching objectives, thereby controlling and adjusting the teaching process in the right direction, contributing to improving the quality of education and training of the school 2.1.2 Development and assessment of capacity of university cadets 2.1.2.1 Concept of capacity and orientation of capacity development in education - training Capacity is defined as a combination of knowledge, skills and attitudes of a person that can meet a certain job; this is also one of the important factors for an individual to fulfil a certain task Orientation to promote cadet's capacity is a system of measures to change, increase, and improve cadets' psychological and physiological qualities to a new level higher than before learning through faculty members in the teaching process to meet their training requirements and to help them act effectively in the rich situations of professional practice after graduation 2.1.2.2 Capacity that need to be formed and developed for cadets at the People's Security Academy include: General capacity; capacity belongs to the individual; social competence and specialized competence 2.1.3 Testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.1.3.1 Concepts and characteristics of cadets' specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy The specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy are the research subjects on the conspiracy, the mode of operation of each 13 system, the type of object that violates the national security, and the measures to prevent and fight against activities of the Vietnamese security agency Specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy contain the following features: This is a system of subjects belonging to the specialized knowledge block in the training program, usually taught in a concentrated way near the end of the course, after having completed the basic knowledge The theoretical system of the major is highly independent, organized and built separately for each system, type of object, target, area, and field The content of specialized subjects is a scientific and professional system of security built through the process of summarizing theory and practice of the People's Security force The organizational form of learning specialized subjects is usually arranged on a small scale 2.1.3.2 Concept of testing and assessing learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is to synthesize the effects to collect, analyse and process information in order to determine the degree of achievement of cadets' learning outcomes compared to the teaching goals of each major, thereby developing cadets' capacity and improving the quality of education & training of the Academy The objectives of testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of specialized subjects in the direction of developing cadets' competencies at the People's Security Academy are to collect detailed and systematic information about cadets through the learning process and to use that information to accurately determine the level of achievement of cadets' competence, as a basis for decision-making to effectively implement the objectives of studying The main subjects of this activity are lecturers and cadets In testing and assessment of specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development, cadets are not only assessed but also actively evaluated through self-assessment activities The object of testing and assessment is cadets’ knowledge and capacity The principle of testing and assessment is objective, fair, comprehensive and systematic 14 2.2 Theoretical issues about management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.2.1 Concept of managing activities of testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is a process of organized impact, planning, purpose, connection and directly by the managing subject for all activities of testing and assessing cadets' learning outcomes in the direction of capacity development in order to ensure that testing and assessment activities achieve their goals and requirements *The purposes of management are to ensure that the school's management activities achieve quality, consistency and efficiency; cadets achieve their learning goals and at the same time develop their full potential in the process of studying and working * The subjects of management and organization of assignment and decentralization in the management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The level and force of management of testing and assessment of learning outcomes in specialized subjects of the first and direct cadets who are lecturers and cadets; Management level of the faculty teaching specialized subjects; Department of Training Management and Advanced Training, Department of Testing and Training Quality Assurance, Department of Cadet Management; The Board of Directors of the People's Security Academy is responsible for managing and operating of schools’ activities 2.2.2 Features of management activities, management, testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.2.2.1 Features of management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.2.2.2 Features of the management method of testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 15 2.2.3 Contents of management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.2.3.1 Planning activities to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 2.2.3.2 Organizing and implementing activities to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 2.2.3.3 Organizing forces to conduct testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 2.2.3.4 Managing content, methods, test standards, and assess cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of competency development 2.2.3.5 Supervising the activities of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 2.3 Factors affecting the management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 2.3.1 Impacts from the requirements of international integration and the actual struggle to protect national security and ensure social order and safety 2.3.2 Impacts from education and training reform requirements in Vietnam and in the People's Public Security force 2.3.3 Impact from changes in regulations and regulations in training 2.3.4 Impact from the subject that manages the testing and assessment of learning outcomes 2.3.5 Impacts from technical facilities and application of technology in management activities Conclusion of chapter Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is an important function and task of the management subjects; contribute to improving the quality of education & training of the Academy in the current context Management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development under many factors Therefore, management entities need to promote positive impacts, limit negative ones, and ensure the activities of testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development in order to obtain the goals set out Chapter 16 PRACTICAL BASIS OF MANAGEMENT OF TESTING AND ASSESSMENT OF CADETS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES IN SPECILIZED SUBJECTS AT THE PEOPLE'S SECURITY ACADEMY IN THE DIRECTION OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT 3.1 Overview of the People's Security Academy 3.1.1 Functions and tasks of the People's Security Academy 3.1.2 Organizational structure of the People's Security Academy 3.2 Conduct surveys and assess the current situation * Purposes of investigation and survey: In order to fully and comprehensively assess the status of testing activities, evaluate learning outcomes and manage testing activities, evaluate learning outcomes of cadets' specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy, thereby proposing measures to manage the testing and assessment of the learning outcomes of cadets at the People's Security Academy according to the orientation of capacity development .* Contents of investigation and survey: conducting surveys and evaluating the current status of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy; the current status of management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy; Overall assessment, draw the cause of the advantages and limitations * Participants, location, time of investigation and survey: 480 people, including: 55 lecturers; 35 managers and 390 cadets of the People's Security Academy It is conducted from September 2019 to February 2020 * Methods of investigation, survey and data processing: Researching documents, resolutions, summaries of education & training of the People's Security Academy; Survey by questionnaire (anket); attend testing and assessment hours; organize in-depth interview and statistical and mathematical methods are used to process necessary data 3.3 Current situation of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 3.3.1 Current situation of implementing the objectives of testing and assessing the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The survey outcomes show that the majority of administrators, lecturers and cadets rate the achievement of the test objectives and assess the cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at a high level with the highest score of is 3.17 points 17 3.3.2 Current status of the form of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The majority of administrators, lecturers, and cadets appreciate the flexible and appropriate form of testing and assessment of learning outcomes 3.3.3 Current status of methods of testing and evaluating cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The majority of comments highly appreciated the implementation of the methods of testing and assessing learning outcomes with an average score of 3.10 points 3.3.4 Current status of content of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Current situation of the content of testing and assessing the learning outcomes of cadets at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is assessed at a high level with the average score of 3.18 points 3.3.5 Current status of activities of subjects in testing and assessing the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development * Current situation of building exam questions for specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development * Current situation of testing, marking, grading and announcement of test scores of specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The survey outcomes show that the majority of administrators, lecturers and cadets believe that the subjects have been proactive in developing exam questions, reviewing and marking exams, ensuring testing and evaluating learning outcomes to achieve the set goals 3.4 Current situation of managing activities of testing and evaluating the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 3.4.1 Current situation of planning activities to test and evaluate the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Current situation of planning activities to test and evaluate learning outcomes received a high rating with an average score of 2.68 points However, there are also comments that some units and individuals have not been very proactive 18 3.4.2 Current situation of organizing and implementing activities to test and evaluate the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The organization and implementation of testing and assessment activities are carried out at a high level with an average score of 3.05 points However, there are limitations such as having testing officials and lecturers who often overlook minor violations and are insufficient 3.4.3 Current situation of force management to test and evaluate the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The survey outcomes showed that the trainees managed well the managers and lecturers participating in the testing and assessment, but there were also opinions that the organization of coordination and synergies between the participating forces Test and assessment is not very good 3.4.4 Current status of content management, methods, test standards, and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The survey outcomes show that the current situation of content management, methods, test standards, and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development is determined by performance assessment was at a high level with an average score of 3.07 points 3.4.5 Current situation of supervising the testing, assessment and management of post-test outcomes, and assessing the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development The majority of administrators, lecturers and cadets highly appreciate the supervision of testing and assessment activities and the management of outcomes after testing and assessment The People's Security Academy has maintained the order of supervision of testing and assessment activities, ensuring quality and efficiency of testing and assessment activities 3.5 Current status of influence of factors affecting the management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Impacts from the subject of testing and assessment of learning outcomes was assessed by administrators, lecturers and cadets as having the highest level of impact with an average score of 3.21 points Content: The impact from material and technical facilities, application of technology in management activities received a low rating from administrators, lecturers and cadets with the average score of 3.06 points Most people think that: Currently, the People's Security Academy 19 has been invested in quite modern facilities Modern teaching techniques have been widely used in all forms of teaching organization 3.6 General assessment of the current situation and causes of the management of testing and assessment activities in specialized subjects of cadets at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 3.6.1 General assessment of current situation * Advantages: The Academy has developed a reasonable and scientific plan to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes; The Academy has organized to carry out testing and assessment of specialized subjects seriously and in accordance with regulations; building the organizational structure of the testing and assessment apparatus and selecting managers and lecturers with sufficient capacity and quality to participate in testing and assessment activities; The Academy has gradually innovated forms and methods of testing and assessment in the direction of cadets' capacity development * Some limitations and shortcomings Firstly, the system of legal documents on testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment of learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development is not very complete; organize and direct the development of criteria for assessing capacity with limitations; a number of managers and lecturers teaching specialized subjects are not really knowledgeable about testing and assessment activities oriented to developing cadets' capacity; the application of information technology in testing and evaluating learning outcomes still has limitations; There are also shortcomings in monitoring the testing and assessment of learning outcomes 3.6.2 Causes of advantages and limitations * Causes of the advantages The Party Committee, Board of Directors of the Academy at all levels, party organizations have proposed many measures to organize the effective implementation of testing and assessment of learning outcomes; The Academy has well ensured the conditions for testing activities, assessment and management of testing activities, assessment of learning outcomes; The Academy has promoted the active and creative role of the management staff and lecturers * Causes of limitations Some officials, lecturers and cadets have not fully understood the position and importance of testing and assessment activities; and the coordination between the forces is inadequate Conclusion of chapter The survey outcomes show that the testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment activities of cadets in specialized 20 subjects at the People's Security Academy are oriented towards capacity development, but also many limitations and difficulties, it is necessary to find ways to promote the advantages and overcome the limitations for testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects to achieve the goals set out Chapter MEASURES AND TESTING MEASURES OF MANAGEMENT OF TESTING AND ASSESSMENT OF CADETS’ LEARNING OUTCOMES OF SPECIALIZED SUBJECTS AT PEOPLE'S SECURITY ACADEMY IN THE DIRECTION OF CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT 4.1 Measures to manage testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development 4.1.1 Formulate and complete a system of regulatory documents on management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development Formulate and promulgate a system of legal documents has a very important position, is a matter of principle, decisive to the quality of management Thus, management subjects must review and thoroughly grasp the content of superior documents and internal documents of the Academy; proceed to develop and issue new documents and correct outdate documents 4.1.2 Provide criteria for assessing the competence of cadets in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development On the basis of the specialized output standards, the management subjects need to determine the number and levels of the central competencies that need to be assessed to build and complete the criteria for assessing the competence of specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 4.1.3 Conduct training to improve the capacity of management subjects in managing activities of testing and evaluating cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development This is considered as the basic measure, which includes: fostering knowledge on management of testing and assessment activities; knowledge to develop trainee's capacity according to training objectives; experience in handling situations according to their responsibilities and tasks; management and administration skills; skills in planning and implementing test plans and assessment 4.1.4 Direction on application of information technology in testing, assessment and management activities of testing and evaluating cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development 21 The application of information technology in testing and assessment activities is a breakthrough to ensure accuracy, professionalism, modernity, and efficiency in education and training management in general, management and assessment of learning outcomes in particular The management process requires the application of information technology in a scientific and synchronous manner 4.1.5 Strengthen supervision and assessment of the effectiveness of management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development Monitor and evaluate the quality of management of testing and assessment of learning outcomes and manage testing and assessment of learning outcomes in order to assess the advantages, disadvantages and causes of management Accordingly, it corrects and learns from experience, amending and supplementing management measures The relationship within measures: Measures to manage the examination and assessment of learning outcomes of specialized subjects of the Academy at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development are a unified whole with its dialectical relationship 4.2 Testing and testing measures 4.2.1 Testing the necessity and feasibility of measures 4.2.1.1 Purposes of experiment: To confirm the necessity and feasibility of the measures, thereby perfecting the measures to suit reality * Subjects of testing: Conduct a poll of 195 people, including: 25 managers; 50 lecturers and 120 cadets * Method of processing data: Evaluate the criteria according to levels: Necessity: Very necessary (3 points); necessary (2 points); unnecessary (1 point); Feasibility: Very feasible (3 points); feasible (2 points); not feasible (1 point) * Analyse test outcomes + Assessment of the necessity: Measures to manage activities of testing and assessing learning outcomes of specialized subjects of academia at the People's Security Academy in the direction of developing necessary competencies high with an average score of 2.21 points and relatively even + Assessment of the feasibility: Measures have a feasibility level with an average score of 2.10 points, the distance between the average score values is not too far apart and is relatively even + Evaluate the correlation between the necessity and feasibility of the measures With the correlation coefficient R = 0.90, it shows that there is a positive and close correlation between necessity and feasibility 22 The correlation between necessity and feasibility is shown in the following chart: Chart: Correlation between necessity and feasibility 4.2.2 Experiment with suggested measures 4.2.2.1 General problems of testing * Purposes of experiment: The test is to test the effectiveness and feasibility of the measures to manage the testing and assessment of learning outcomes in specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development, proving the correctness of the new contributions of the thesis * Hypothesis of experiment: If the management subjects are regularly fostered knowledge and skills in managing testing activities and evaluating the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development, will improve the management capacity of the management subjects, contributing to the strict and effective management of education & training activities in general, testing and assessment of cadets’ learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development in particular * Content of experiment: Due to legal conditions and research time, the thesis only tested content of measure 3: "Organize training to improve the capacity of management subjects in manage activities of testing and evaluating cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development * Subjects of testing are some managers in specialized faculties; managers of the Department of Advanced Training and Retraining; Department of Examination and Training Quality Assurance; Cadet Management Department of the Academy, including 35 people * Time of test is from November 10, 2019 to October 25, 2021 23 * Criteria for assessment: Evaluate the progress of managers according to criteria of knowledge, skills in managing testing activities, and evaluating cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development with indicators * Principle of testing: the test is conducted according to the principle of experimental test 4.2.2.3 Processing and analysing test results * Analysing the results in terms of quantity: After the effects of testing, the management knowledge of good managers increased from 2.91% to 12.00%, while the average level decreased from 5.71% to only 12.00% 0.05%; the good level increased from 25.14% to 33.14% and the good level decreased from 65.71% to 54.28% Management skills of good managers increased from 5.14% to 12.57%, while the average level decreased from 13.14% to only 0.00% (after the test effect, no managers were injured assessed with average or weak management skills); good increased from 20.00% to 29.14%, good decreased from 62.28% to 58.28% * Analysing the results in terms of quality: Through direct observation, and after the experiment, it was shown that: the management staff of the Academy have mastered professional knowledge and management skills; skills in planning activities to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development; skills in organizing activities to test and evaluate cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects in the direction of capacity development have markedly improved; The Academy's managers know how to effectively apply management knowledge and skills to their operations Conclusion of trial and experiment: From the test and experiment outcomes, it shows that the proposed measures are necessary, feasible and bring high quality and efficiency in testing and assessment of cadets’ learning outcomes of specialized subjects of at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development Conclusion of chapter The thesis proposes measures to manage the examination and assessment of the learning outcomes of specialized subjects of the Academy at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development These measures have a close relationship with great harmony In order to verify the measures, the measures and test a content of the measure are tested The results of testing show that the proposed measures are highly appreciated in terms of necessity and feasibility The results of experiment have affirmed that the proposed method is appropriate to the reality CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusions 24 Being aware of the position, role and importance of testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes, several authors in the world as well as in the country have thoroughly studied this problem from different angles Those studies were initially applied and deployed to help test and evaluate cadet learning outcomes more closely and scientifically In the past time, activities to test and evaluate learning outcomes in general, and to test and evaluate cadets’ learning outcomes of specialized subjects at the People's Security Academy in particular Directly, closely supervise to ensure that the activities of testing and evaluating the learning outcomes of cadets in specialized subjects are scientific, objective, accurate and effective, contributing to improving the quality of education and training at the Academy However, besides the achievement, testing, assessment and management of testing and assessment of cadets' learning outcomes in specialized subjects remain certain limitations The thesis proposes measures for testing and assessment of cadets’ learning outcomes at the People's Security Academy in the direction of capacity development These measures are in great harmony with their dialectic relationship, which requires synchronous and complete application These measures are general and have a dialectical relationship with each other The results of experiment show that these measures are necessary, feasible and consistent with the current education and training practice at the People's Security Academy presently Recommendations * For the People's Security Academy: It needs to raise awareness for the forces about testing, assessment and management of testing activities, assessing cadets' learning outcomes in the direction of development capacity; step by step implement the process of test management, and assessment of learning results * For specialized faculties: They need to foster and improve the capacity of teachers to conduct tests and evaluate learning outcomes In addition, they need to manage the stage of planning, building a bank of exam questions and answers * For units of cadet management: They need to master and check the grasp and implementation of exam regulations, testing, fighting with deviant expressions, negative phenomena, cheating in exams, testing, and assess learning results  ... authors: Dang Ba Lam; Ngo Quang Son; Do Ngoc Thong; Mai Van Hoa; Tran Dinh Tuan; Can Thi Thanh Huong; Pham Thanh Trung; Tran Duc Hieu; Tran Trung Dung; Chu Van Hac; Nguyen Van Dong; Tran Thi Phuong... forms and methods of testing and assessing cadets' learning outcomes 1.1.2 Studies by Vietnamese authors Typical authors: Lam Quang Thiep; Tran Thi Tuyet Oanh; Dang Thanh Hung; Tran Xuan Bach;... on management theory and educational management of domestic and foreign authors Analyse and synthesize directives and resolutions on education reform, training and education and training management