Câu 34: Đáp án A “The loss of ozone layer”: Mất đi tầng ozone Câu 35: Đáp án B Dùng đại từ quan hệ “which” để thay thế cho danh từ chỉ hiện tượng “acid rain” trước nó “as acid rain which[r]
ĐỀ THI THỬ THPT QG 2018 – ĐỀ 13 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Câu 1: A accompany B category C shortcoming D newcomer Câu 2: A caring B sacrifice C hand D panda Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions Câu 3: A architect B electric C mineral D luxury Câu 4: A imagine B horizon C property D computer Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Câu 5: Assessment instruments in nursery schools they feature (A) items and other materials (B) different from those (C) on elementary school tests (D) A they feature B other materials C from those D school tests Câu 6: Migrant workers live (A) in substandard (B) unsanitary (C), and dilapidated housing and often are lacking (D) medical care A workers live B substandard C unsanitary D are lacking Câu 7: For thousands of years, man (A) has created sweet-smelling (B) substances from wood, herbs, and flowers and using them (C) for perfume or (D) medicine A man B sweet-smelling C using them D or Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Câu 8: - “I’m going out now.” - “ _ you happen to pass a chemist’s, would you get me more some aspirins?” A Should B Had C Were D Did Câu 9: By the year 2050, many people currently employed _ their jobs A have lost B will be losing C will have lost D are losing Câu 10: Simple sails were make from canvas _ over a frame A was stretched B a stretch C it was stretched D stretched Câu 11: A cooperative program between China and Germany on building Yangshow, a famous ancient city, into a(n) _ city has proceeded smoothly since it started in September last year A ecological-friendly B friendly ecology C ecology-friendly D friendly-ecological Câu 12: I know you didn’t see me yesterday because I was in Hanoi You _ me A may not have seen B mustn’t have seen C shouldn’t have seen D can’t have seen Câu 13: Governments should _ international laws against terrorism A bring up B bring about C bring in D bring back Câu 14: She had just enough time to _ the report before the meeting A dip into B go into C turn around D get through Câu 15: Students can _ a lot of information just by attending class and taking good notes of the lectures A absorb B provide C read D transmit Câu 16: “Have you _ this contract yet?” – “Not yet I’ll try to read it this weekend.” A looked over B looked out C looked up D looked into Câu 17: He left the country _ arrest if he returned A in fear of B under threat of C with fear of D with threat of Câu 18: He was a natural singer with a voice that was as clear as _ A a bell B a mirror C a waterfall D a lake Câu 19: We never expected that we would come up _ so many problems at the very start of our business A with B against C for D to Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges Câu 20: – “What you for a living?” – “ _” A I work in a bank B I want to be a doctor, I guess C It’s hard work, you know D I get a high salary, you know Câu 21: –: “Excuse me I’m your new neighbor I just moved in.” – “ _” A Sorry, I don’t know B I’m afraid not C Where to, sir? D Oh, I don’t think so Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Câu 22: Mr Young, general manager of the emergency response division of AMSA, said that the debris was spotted along a busy shipping route and could be containers that had fallen off cargo vessels A seen B collected C shot D analyzed Câu 23: Ten years ago the Republic of Ireland became the first country in the world to lay down a workplace smoking ban A expose B suggest C introduce D purpose Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Câu 24: He was so insubordinate that he lost his job within a week A fresh B disobedient C obedient D understanding Câu 25: I am afraid t haven’t allowed him enough initiative, said Father Payne; that’s a bad habit of mine A determination B encouragement C beginning D cowardice Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions Câu 26: My cousin shows a desire to put aside the status of the school child A The status of the school child makes my cousin happy B My cousin is determined to put up with the other school children C My cousin decides to play down the status of the school child D My cousin doesn’t want to be a school child any more Câu 27: It appears that the harvest workers think they were maltreated A The harvest workers seem to think they were maltreated B The harvest workers claim to have been maltreated C It is thought that the harvest workers were maltreated D It appears that the harvest workers think of being maltreated Câu 28: A simplified edition is easier to read than the original: it’s shorter A A simplified edition which is shorter than the original is easier to read B A simplified edition, which is shorter than the original, is easier to read C The original, which is shorter, is easier to read than a simplified edition D The original is longer than a simplified edition, and it is difficult to read Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Câu 29: The flood may rise higher We have to move upstairs A We’ll have to move upstairs soon if the flood rises any higher B Unless the flood rises any higher we won’t have to move upstairs C If we don’t move upstairs, the flood may rise higher D We have to move upstairs in case the flood rises any higher Câu 30: People live together in one place They form a community A When people form a community, they live together in one place B In order to live together in one place, people form a community C People form a community when living together in one place D Forming a community, people live together in one place Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to The (1) _ of the earth is caused by exhaust gas from automobile engines, factories and power stations Carbon dioxide goes up into the atmosphere, and it forms a kind of factories that keeps or rather allows the sunshine in but stop the earth’s heart (2) _ getting out It works like a greenhouse, that’s why we call it the Greenhouse Effect Because of this effect, the earth is getting warmer all the time This (3) _ in temperature will cause big changes to the world's climate The sea level will rise, the ice covering the poles will melt and cause the sea level to rise The second problem is the (4) _ of the ozone layer Certain chemicals float up to the sky and react with the ozone layer, and they make holes in it Because of these holes the ultraviolet rays can shine directly to the earth Many people are now starting to suffer from skin cancer The sulfurous smoke from factories and power stations mixes with rain clouds and gets blown by the wind and then falls as acid rain (5) _ destroys lakes and forests These three problems threaten our environment at the end of the twentieth century Unless we something about them quickly, we, human race, may disappear from the face of the earth Câu 31: A heating B warming C poisoning D harming Câu 32: A against B up C from D away Câu 33: A rise B raise C.fall D drop Câu 34: A loss B lose C losing D lost Câu 35: A it B which C what D they Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to The election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency in 1928 marked the political ascendancy of the “common man” in American politics Whereas all previous presidents had been Easterners from well-to-do families, Jackson was a self-made man of modest wealth from the West Born in 1767, Jackson fought in the American Revolution, in which many of his relatives died Afterwards, he studied law and moved to the Western District of North California When that territory became the state of Tennessee, Jackson was elected the state’s first congressman His name became a household word during the war of 1812, when, as a U.S Army major general, he led troops against the Creek Indians in the Mississippi Territory and later defeated the British at New Orleans After his presidential inauguration, Jackson rode on horseback to the White House to attend a private party Crowds of well-wishers suddenly appeared at the reception and nearly destroyed the White House as they tried to glimpse the new president The common man had made a dramatic entrance onto the national political scene Jackson’s two terms moved American society toward truer democracy Many states abandoned property requirements for voting Elected officials began to act more truly as representatives of the people than as their leaders As president of the common man, Jackson waged a war against the Bank of the United States, vetoing the bill that re-chartered the institution, declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few Although he had built his reputation as an Indian fighter during the War of 1812, Jackson was not an Indian hater He adopted what was at the time considered an enlightened solution to the Indian problem-removal Many tribes submitted peacefully to being moved to the West Others were marched by force to the Indian Territory, under brutal conditions, along what the Cherokees called the Trail of Tears One of Andrew Jackson’s most enduring legacies was the Democratic Party, which under him became a highly organized political party In opposition to the Democrats were the Whigs, a party that attracted supporters of the Bank of the United States and opposed the tyranny of the man called “King Andrew” A less specific but more basic legacy is the populist philosophy of politics that still bears the name “Jacksonian Democracy.” Câu 36: The author’s perspective toward Andrew Jackson could be best described as _ A critical B emotional C personal D historical Câu 37: The author suggests that Jackson’s election and inauguration _ A destroyed the White House B brought a new style to the presidency C made a lot of common people angry D put a military man in the White House for the first time Câu 38: The word “institution” in paragraph refers to _ A the presidency of the United States B American society C The Bank of the United States D democracy Câu 39: According to the passage, why did Jackson oppose the Bank of the United States? A He thought it benefited only rich people B It started a war C It opposed electing him “King Andrew” D It opposed giving common people the right to vote Câu 40: According to the passage, Jackson’s policy toward American Indians was _ A developed during the War of 1812 B forceful and cruel C considered his greatest achievement D considered progressive at the time Câu 41: The word “brutal” in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A tearful B abrupt C humane D harsh Câu 42: Which of the following could NOT be inferred about Andrew Jackson? A He served his country throughout his life B He supported democratic reforms C He inspired populist politics D He was president during a violent war Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work Câu 43: When the the farming communities developed, women worked _ A critical B emotional C personal D historical Câu 44: The author suggests that Jackson’s election and inauguration _ A destroyed the White House B brought a new style to the presidency C made a lot of common people angry D put a military man in the White House for the first time Câu 45: The word “institution” in paragraph refers to _ A the presidency of the United States B American society C The Bank of the United States D democracy Câu 46: According to the passage, why did Jackson oppose the Bank of the United States? A He thought it benefited only rich people B It started a war C It opposed electing him “King Andrew” D It opposed giving common people the right to vote Câu 47: According to the passage, Jackson’s policy toward American Indians was _ A developed during the War of 1812 B forceful and cruel C considered his greatest achievement D considered progressive at the time Câu 48: The word “brutal” in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A tearful B abrupt C humane D harsh Câu 49: Which of the following could NOT be inferred about Andrew Jackson? A He served his country throughout his life B He supported democratic reforms C He inspired populist politics D He was president during a violent war Câu 50: What women have done for the economic development have changed over time due to _ A their role in the home B their marital status and their husbands C the different factors of the society D the Industrial Revolution Đáp án 1-B 11-C 21-A 31-B 41-D 2-A 12-D 22-A 32-C 42-D 3-B 13-C 23-C 33-A 43-B 4-C 14-A 24-C 34-A 44-C 5-A 15-A 25-D 35-B 45-A 6-D 16-A 26-D 36-D 46-C 7-C 17-B 27-A 37-B 47-D 8-A 18-A 28-B 38-C 48-C 9-C 19-B 29-D 39-A 49-C LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT Câu 1: Đáp án B ‘o’ từ “category” phát âm âm câm, từ cịn lại /ʌ/ Category: /ˈkỉt.ə.ɡri/ Accompany: /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, shortcoming: /ˈʃɔːtˌkʌm.ɪŋ/, newcomer: /ˈnjuːˌkʌm.ər/ Câu 2: Đáp án A “a” từ “caring” phát âm /e/, từ cịn lại /ỉ/ Caring: /ˈker.ɪŋ/ Sacrifice: /ˈsæk.rɪ.faɪs/, hand: /hænd/, panda: /ˈpæn.də/ Câu 3: Đáp án B ‘electric’ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, từ lại âm tiết Electric: /iˈlek.trɪk/ Architect: /ˈɑː.kɪ.tekt/, mineral: /ˈmɪn.ər.əl/, luxury: /ˈlʌk.ʃər.i/ 10-D 20-A 30-C 40-D 50-C Câu 4: Đáp án C ‘property’ trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết 1, từ lại âm tiết Property: /ˈprɒp.ə.ti/ Imagine: /ɪˈmædʒ.ɪn/, horizon: /həˈraɪ.zən/, computer: /kəmˈpjuː.tər/ Câu 5: Đáp án A Sửa they feature -> feature, bỏ “they” Câu 6: Đáp án D Sửa are lacking -> lack Câu 7: Đáp án C Sửa using them -> used them Câu 8: Đáp án A Cấu trúc đảo ngữ câu điều kiện: Loại 1: If + S + V(hiện tại)…, S + will/ may/ can + V = Should + S + V…, main clause Loại 2: If + S + V(quá khứ)…, S + would/ could + V = Were + S + to V…, S + would/ could +V Loại 3: If + S + had + Vpp/_ed…, S + would/ could + have + Vpp/_ed = Had + S + Vpp/_ed…, S + would/ could + have + Vpp/_ed Tuy nhiên câu này: “would you get me more some aspirins?” => nghĩa nhờ cách lịch => câu điều kiện loại 2, câu điều kiện loại dựa vào ngữ cảnh Tạm dịch: - “Bây tơi ngồi.” - “Nếu bạn ngang qua tiệm thuốc bạn giúp tơi lấy thuốc khơng?” Câu 9: Đáp án C Dùng tương lai hồn thành: hành động kiện xảy trước thời điểm tương lai, đến thời điểm tương lai, hành động việc diễn kết bao nhiêu/ kết Cấu trúc: S + will/ shall + have + Vpp/_ed Tạm dịch: Trước năm 2050, nhiều người thuê làm việc việc Câu 10: Đáp án D Dạng câu rút gọn mệnh đề: động từ chủ động -> V_ing động từ bị động -> V_ed Câu đầy đủ: Simple sails were make from canvas which was stretched over a frame => Rút gọn: Simple sails were make from canvas stretched over a frame Câu 11: Đáp án C Cách tạo tính từ ghép: N + adj -> adj Tạm dịch: Một chương trình hợp tác Trung Quốc Đức việc xây dựng Yangzhow, thành phố cổ đại tiếng thành phố thân thiện với môi trường tiến hành suôn sẻ từ bắt đầu vào tháng năm ngoái Câu 12: Đáp án D Cấu trúc: - may/ might (not) have Vpp/_ed: diễn đạt suy đoán khơng chắn, khơng có sở q khứ - can + have + Vpp/_ed: dùng để diễn tả suy đốn có sở q khứ - should + have + Vpp/_ed: lẽ nên, không nên làm (diễn tả trích, hay hối hận việc xảy ra) Tạm dịch: Tơi biết hôm qua bạn không gặp tơi Hà Nội Chắc bạn khơng gặp tơi -> suy đốn có sở khứ Câu 13: Đáp án C bring in: (v) đưa vào, giới thiệu luật Câu 14: Đáp án A dip into: (v) đọc lướt qua, xem qua Tạm dịch: Cơ có đủ thời gian để xem qua báo cáo trước họp Câu 15: Đáp án A Absorb: (v) hấp thụ, tiếp thu, nắm = takei in Câu 16: Đáp án A - look over: xem xét, kiểm tra, đọc, nghiên cứu - look out: coi chừng, cẩn thận, tìm - look up: tra từ (từ điển) - look into: điều tra, khám xét = investigate Tạm dịch: “Bạn xem hợp đồng chưa?” “Chưa, cố gắng đọc cuối tuần Câu 17: Đáp án B - under threat of: bị đe dọa - for fear of st/ for fear that: để đề phịng, sợ Câu 18: Đáp án A Tạm dịch: Anh ca sĩ bẩm sinh với chất giọng dễ nghe Câu 19: Đáp án B Câu 20: Đáp án A Cấu trúc: for a living: làm nghề để kiếm sống Tạm dịch: “Bạn làm nghề để kiếm sống vậy?” “Tơi làm ngân hàng.” Câu 21: Đáp án A “Xin lỗi bạn Mình hàng xóm Mình chuyển đến đây.” “Xin lỗi Mình khơng biết.” Câu 22: Đáp án A - spot (Vpp: spotted): nhận ra, phát = see (Vpp: seen): nhìn thấy, nhận Tạm dịch: Ơng Young, giám đốc phận phản ứng khẩn cấp AMSA nói vật thể phát dọc theo tuyến đường hàng hải đơng đúc công-ten-nơ không ăn theo tay lái tàu chở hàng hóa Câu 23: Đáp án C - lay down: đề ra, giới thiệu, tuyên bố = introduce: giới thiệu, đề Tạm dịch: Cách 10 năm nước Cộng hòa Ai-len trở thành nước giới đề việc ngăn cấm hút thuốc nơi công sở Câu 24: Đáp án C - insubordinate: (a) không chịu phục tùng, không chịu lời >< obedient: (a) lời Câu 25: Đáp án D - initiative: (n) dũng khí, sức mạnh để làm >< cowardice: (n) tính nhút nhát, nhát gan Câu 26: Đáp án D Cháu mong muốn học sinh Câu 27: Đáp án A Dường bác công nhân nghĩ họ bị ngược đãi Câu 28: Đáp án B Một đơn giản hố dễ để đọc gốc: ngắn Sử dụng đại từ quan hệ khơng giới hạn để nối hai câu Câu 29: Đáp án D Nước lũ dâng cao Chúng ta cần phải di chuyển lên cao Câu 30: Đáp án C Mọi người sống nơi Họ tạo thành cộng đồng Câu 31: Đáp án B “The warming of the Earth”: nóng lên trái đất Câu 32: Đáp án C “stop the earth’s heart from getting out”: ngăn cản khơng cho sức nóng trái đất thoát Câu 33: Đáp án A “This rise in temperature will cause big changes to the world’s climate”: tăng nhiệt độ gây thay đổi lớn khí hậu giới Câu 34: Đáp án A “The loss of ozone layer”: Mất tầng ozone Câu 35: Đáp án B Dùng đại từ quan hệ “which” để thay cho danh từ tượng “acid rain” trước “as acid rain which destroys lakes and forests”: mưa axit, tượng phá hủy ao hồ rừng Câu 36: Đáp án D Tác giả viết đoạn văn mang tính lịch sử Câu 37: Đáp án B Thông tin nằm câu đầu đoạn 1: “The election of Andrew Jackson to the presidency in 1928 marked the political ascendancy of the “common man” in American politics.” Câu 38: Đáp án C ‘institution’ đề cập tới ngân hàng Hoa Kỳ xuất trước Đoạn 3: “Jackson waged a war against the Bank of the United States, vetoing the bill that re-chartered the institution, declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few.” Câu 39: Đáp án A Thông tin nằm đoạn 3: “…declaring it a dangerous monopoly that profited the wealthy few.” – tuyên bố tổ chức nguy hiểm mang lợi nhuận cho kẻ giàu có Câu 40: Đáp án D Thông tin nằm đoạn 4: “He adopted what was at the time considered an enlightened solution to the Indian problem-removal.” Câu 41: Đáp án D ‘brutal’: (a) bạo, tàn ác = harsh (a): thô bạo, ác nghiệt, tàn nhẫn Câu 42: Đáp án D Thông tin nằm câu cuối đoạn 1: “His name became a household word during the war of 1812, when, as a U.S Army major general, he led troops against the Creek Indians in the Mississippi Territory and later defeated the British at New Orleans.” Câu 43: Đáp án B Thông tin nằm đoạn 2: “With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home.” Câu 44: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm câu cuối đoạn 2: “As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.” (bán trao đổi hàng hóa chợ) Câu 45: Đáp án A Thơng tin nằm đoạn 3: “Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home.” - indentured work = work outside the home Câu 46: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 4: “Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations,…; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upperincome women working for pay or for job satisfaction Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.” - dù giảm trách nhiệm với gia đình nâng cao giáo dục,… họ chưa nhận ngang hay vị trí cơng việc cao nơi làm việc Câu 47: Đáp án D Thông tin nằm đoạn 3: “Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work.” – phụ nữ phải làm cần thiết kinh tế, chồng họ khơng thể làm trụ cột gia đình Câu 48: Đáp án C sweatshops: xí nghiệp bóc lột cơng nhân tàn tệ Câu 49: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 7: “…the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories.” Câu 50: Đáp án C Thông tin nằm đoạn 1: “The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.” ... 26: My cousin shows a desire to put aside the status of the school child A The status of the school child makes my cousin happy B My cousin is determined to put up with the other school children... to put up with the other school children C My cousin decides to play down the status of the school child D My cousin doesn’t want to be a school child any more Câu 27: It appears that the harvest... place They form a community A When people form a community, they live together in one place B In order to live together in one place, people form a community C People form a community when living