Tài liệu Oxford Collocations Dictionary for students of English_ Chương 2.7 docx

Gg gait noun gadget noun little I clever, neat, nifty useless latest, modern, new electrical, electronic I kitchen • VERB + GADGET invent • PREP -jor She has invented a nifty little gadget for un• ADJ doing stubborn nuts and bolts piece of cloth + GAG gala noun charity, Royal I swimming + GALA have, hold attend, go to • GALA + NOUN concert, day, dinner, evening event, night, occasion, performance, weekend • ADJ puton They tied him up and put a gag on him take off 2joke good great sight, visual a mixture of wit and instant visual gags running There was this running gag about a penguin (= they kept telling penguin jokes) • VERB + GAG crack a non-stop comedian, cracking gags by the dozen • ADJ • PREP rolling, strolling, stumbling, waddling with a-He walked with a rolling gait • VERB gag noun • VERB • ADJ • PREP Special page at SPORT golfer noun • ADJ brilliant, good I experienced I handicap a low handicap golfer I champion, top I keen I amateur, pro- fessional I club • GOLFER + VERB play good noun The results of the research should be used for the common good rather than for individual profit • VERB + GOOD (sb) You can try talking to her, but I don't think it will much good o Lttoill you good to get out of the house more often • PREP for sb/sth's - When the prime minister's health problems continued, he resigned for the good of the party • PHRASES a force for good In disadvantaged areas, schools can be aforcefor good for sb's (own) good I know you don't want to go into hospital, but it's for your own good for the good of sth, good and evil the struggle between good and evil a power of good That holiday has done me a power of good good ad] be, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste I become, get She's getting quite good at reading now • ADV dead, extremely, really, very a really good film I fairly, pretty, quite You'vedoneaprettygoodjob • PREP at He's very good at music for Vegetables are • VERBS I sell, supply I deliver train, vehicle, wagon I depot, yard goodwill noun + GOODWILL enjoy, have I create Addressing customers in their own language helps create goodwill I win I lose They are in danger of losing the government's goodwill I depend on, rely on I express, show • PREP - to, - towards He expressed goodwill towards his former colleagues • PHRASES a gesture of goodwill The government released him as a gesture of goodwill in a spirit of goodwill They made the offer in a spirit of goodwill • VERB goose noun wild I roast flock, gaggle (only used for geese on the ground), skein (only used for geesethat are flying) • GOOSE + VERB waddle I hiss, honk I feed, graze I migrate • ADJ • QUANT gorgeous adj be, look, sound Doesn't Kate look gorgeous? really I absolutely, drop-dead, simply a dropdead gorgeous Hollywood icon I rather • VERBS • ADV gospel noun common • ADJ import The goods will be delivered within ten days I transport • ADJ the gospel Christian • VERB + GOSPEL bring, preach, proclaim, spread, take She preached the Christian gospel to the poor and destitute I hear Thousands came to hear the gospel • GOSPEL + NOUN message, story gossip noun rumours about other people • ADJ latest I common It's common gossip in the office that she's about to leave her husband I idle, malicious, salacious, silly bit, piece, titbit I heard an interesting bit of • QUANT gossip yesterday + GOSSIP spread Someone has been spreading malicious gossip about me I exchange, swap I hear, listen to, pay attention to You shouldn't listen to idle gossip • VERB • GOSSIP + VERB circulate, go around/roundApieceof silly gossip was going round the school • GOSSIP + NOUN column, columnistIsaw sip column of the local newspaper it in thegos- Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark gradient 349 • PREP - about a magazine full of gossip about famous people conversation about other people • ADJ • VERB good + GOSSIP have - about We had a good gossip about the boss -with She's having a gossip with Maria • PREP govern verb • ADV well I directly The colony was governed directly from Paris • VERB + GOVERN be fit/unfit to He accused the oppos- noun people in control of a country central, federal, local, national, provincial, reConservative, Labour, etc the country's new Communist government I left-wing, rightwing I coalition I minority The socialists won 42% of the seats and formed a minority government I caretaker, interim, transitional The president dissolved the assembly and swore in an interim government I military I puppet I French, Western, etc The report on world poverty calls • ADJ gional I serve as gown noun woman's long dress • ADJ long I flowing She was dressed in a long flowing gown I ball, bridal, evening, wedding • GOWN + VERB be trimmed with sth She wore a white satin gown trimmed with lace in a/the- • PREP worn by judges, surgeons, etc ition party of being unfit to govern government eo-opt sb (as), elect, elect sb (as) a board of governors • PHRASES I Communist, for urgent action from Western governments • VERB + GOVERNMENT elect The present government was elected last year I form A new government was formed in September of that year I install A puppet government was installed as the occupying forces withdrew I swear in I head, run a new government headed by a former military leader I bring down, destabilize, oust, overthrow, topple This crisis could bring down the British government o The group aims to overthrow the military government • GOVERNMENT + VERB come to power I take office On May 23 a coalition government took office I fall, resign a national emergency that could cause the government to fall I announce sth The government announced the cancellation of the dam project I introduce sth, launch sth • GOVERNMENT + NOUN agency, body, department I funds, money I aid, assistance, backing, funding, grant, subsidy, support I expenditure, spending I cuts The hospital has been hit by government cuts I control I intervention, involvement calls for government intervention in the dispute I minister, official, representative, spokesman I sources According to government sources, two people died in the incident I figures, statistics I post I reshuffle The former minister was relieved of his post in last month's extensive government reshuffle I decisions, legislation, measures, plans, policy, proposals I report I propaganda • PREP in - a problem facing whichever party is in government under a/the - measures that were introduced under the last government a change of government It is time we had a change of government the government of the day This was a decision taken by the government of the day a member of a government The prime minister has been meeting members of the French government act of governing • ADJ democratic, representative I firm, good, strong We need strong government to take the country through this crisis I weak • PHRASES governor noun • ADJ deputy I acting, interim She was appointed as acting governor until an election could be held I colonial, academic I hospital, surgical a/thetown and gown (= the permanent members of a university town and the members of its university) q Special page at CLOTHES • ADJ • PREP in • PHRASES GP noun • ADJ excellent, good I qualified I experienced I family, local Who isyour local GP? • VERB + GP register with You should register with a GP as soon as possible refer sb The GP referred her to a specialist q Note at DOCTOR (for more verbs) • GP + VERB grab verb • ADV • VERB suddenly + GRAB try to I managetoHemanagedtograb a couple of hours' sleep • PREP at I grabbed at his arm as he ran past by As he walked past the boys, one of them grabbed him by the arm from Somebody tried to grab her handbagfrom her • PHRASES grab hold of sth He grabbed hold of a handrail to save himself from falling grace noun easy, lithe, supple I natural I feline + GRACE have, move with • PREP with - Ann moved with easy grace • ADJ • VERB grade noun level/quality • ADJ high, top a piece of high grade building land o He still wants to play top grade football I low, poor low grade steel mark given for a piece of work/an exam • ADJ final The oral exam constitutes 10% of the final grade I excellent, good, high I low, poor • VERB + GRADE achieve, attain, get, receive She got very good grades in her exams I award (sb) level of importance/level of pay at work • ADJ high, senior He has asked to be put onto a higher grade large pay rises for senior grades I junior, low I management I manual at a/the - She was offered a job at a lower grade on a/the - the people on management grades • PREP grade verb • ADV carefully a series of modern stories carefully graded for beginner to intermediate students • PREP according to The timber is graded according to its thickness by The containers are graded by size from to Eggs are graded from small to extra large gradient noun district, provincial, regional, state I imperial I military I prison, school I parentSheservedasaparentgovernor • VERB at her children's school gradient • VERB + GOVERNOR appoint, appoint sb (as), eo-opt, • ADJ • PREP steep I gentle, + GRADIENT slight I downhill, uphill have The road has a fairly steep on a- T'hefootball pitdi was on a slight gradient Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark graduate 350 graduate grandeur noun noun college, university job opportunities for university graduates I arts, engineering, history, law, medical, science, etc I new, recent • GRADUATE + NOUN course, degree, diploma I school I student I recruit, trainee He joined the company as a graduate trainee I employment, recruitment • ADJ The company places great importance on graduate recruitment and training I unemployment • PREP - in a graduate in sociology rugged the rugged grandeur of the mountains I breathtaking, dramatic, majestic, sheer the breathtaking grandeur of the cathedral I faded, former • ADJ grandfather, grandmother • ADJ grandparent • ADJ noun college, university + NOUN ceremony, day Mark's whole family attended his graduation ceremony • PREP after - She managed to find a job immediately after graduation on/upon - On graduation, he plans to travel around Asia • GRADUATION graffiti noun political, racist piece • VERB + GRAFFITI daub, draw, scrawl, scribble, spray, write Graffiti was scribbled all over the walls I be covered with, be daubed with, be sprayed with The • ADJ • QUANT buildings were covered with racist graffiti • GRAFFITI + NOUN artistafashionablegraffitiartist graft noun on part of the body • ADJ bone, skin + GRAFT Doctors are hoping to a bone graft to repair the damaged bone • GRAFT + VERB take If the skin graft takes, then surgeons will another operation afeto weeks later • VERB hard work • ADJ seeds of wheat, etc grow, produce I sow I store harvest, production, yield I exports, + GRAIN + NOUN • GRAIN imports tion, (home) improvement, land, maternity, renovation, training, etc I Arts Council, EU, government, local authority, etc • VERB + GRANT apply for I be eligible for, qualify for You may be eligible for a clothing grant I get, obtain, receive You can get a grant if you've lived in the area for three years I award (sb), give sb, make (sb), offer (sb), provide (sb with) The government has awarded a 3.5 mil- lion pound grant for the restoration of the opera house I refuse sb I cut The theatre's annual grant from the Arts Council has been cut • PREP - for a grant for a youth project - from a grant from the local authority fine, expressly, specifically the rights expressly granted by the terms of the lease I effectively The law effectively grants the company immunity from prosecution • VERB + GRANT agree to, decide to I refuse to The judge refused to grant him bail I be willing to I coarse, smooth rough I natural This juicy, sweet lovely sweet grapes purple, white I seedless • QUANT wood has a beautiful natural grain across/against grape noun • ADJ natural pattern of lines in wood • PREP large, substantial I small I full The full student maintenance grant was rather less than £2 000 I annual I capital, lump-sum, purchase The school has received a large capital grant to improve its buildings I maintenance I emergency emergency grants for special needsfor items such as cookers and clothing I discretionary I mandatory I student I project, research There is a lot of competition for research grants I clothing, conserva• ADJ • ADV grain noun • ADJ grant noun grant verb doMostofthegraftwasdoneforthem + GRAFT by their assistants • VERB maternal, paternal hard Starting a new business involves a lot of hard graft • VERB noun I doting a present from his doting grandparents • QUANT set rve sent photos of the children to both sets of grandparents • ADJ graduation noun maternal, paternal I doting the -, alongfwith the - Cut the wood along the grain gram noun I black, green, bunch eat, have I harvest, pick The first grapes are harvested in mid-August I crush, tread The peasants were treading the grapes in huge vats • VERB + GRAPE • GRAPE + NOUN q Special page harvest at FRUIT q Note at MEASURE graph noun grammar noun correct, good Spelling and good grammar are both very important I bad, incorrect I Arabic, French, Latin, etc the complexities of English grammar • VERB + GRAMMAR correct, teach People were toopolite to correct my grammar when spoke [German I learn • ADJ • GRAMMAR • PHRASES rules the rules of grammar + NOUN grammatical adj • VERBS be, sound • ADV perfectly This sentence isperfectly grammatical • ADJ bar, line + GRAPH draw, produce I depict sth as/on, show sth as/in/on The statistics can be depicted as a graph I plot sth on Thefigures are all plotted on a graph • GRAPH + VERB show sth She drew a graph showing • VERB the relationship between costs and sales + NOUN paper in a/the - I decided to show the results in a bar graph on afthe - We can see on this graph how the com• GRAPH • PREP pany has grown over the last year • PHRASES in graph form Results can be shown in numericor graph form Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark gravity 351 grate verb graphics noun I basic, simple The screen can display simple graphics as well as text I colour I highresolution I three-dimensional, two-dimensional • VERB + GRAPHICS produce I display I manipulate • ADJ computer The program can produce and manipulate text and graphics I support The editor's PC should support desktop publishing and graphics • GRAPHICS + NOUN application, package, program, software, system I capability, performance I card, file, tablet, workstation I design, designer q Special page at COMPUTER rub sth into small pieces coarsely • ADV I finely Sprinkle the top of the dish with somefinely grated cheese • PHRASES freshly grated a teaspoon of freshly grated nutmeg make a sharp unpleasant sound harshly against The steel of the helmet grated against the • ADV • PREP door on The grit beneath her soles grated harshly on the wooden deck grateful adj grasp noun be, feel, look, seem, sound I remain deeply, enormously, especially, extremely, genuinely, immensely, more than, most, particularly, profoundly, really, terribly, truly, very We are deeply • VERBS holding sth • ADV firm, strong Shefelt afirrn grasp on her hand + GRASP slip from As she jumped forward, the ball slipped from her grasp I prise sth from, rip sth from, snatch sth from, wrench sth from, wrest sth from • ADJ • VERB She wrenched the bottlefrom his grasp beyond your- The key was on a high shelf, just beyond her grasp in your- He kept the letter firmly in his grasp from sb' s - The robber tried tofree the casefrom her grasp out of sb's - She kicked the gun out of his grasp within (your)- (oftenfigurative) Just when victory seemed within grasp, the referee blew his whistle understanding • PREP fine, firm, good, impressive, proper, sound I limited, poor I intellectual The task was beyond the intellectual grasp of some of the students I intuitive We have • ADJ no intuitive grasp of the immensity of time + GRASP have I get Working with native speakers helped me get a good grasp of the language • PREP beyond your - These ideas are all beyond his grasp within your- I -of a poor grasp of mathematics • VERB grateful to you and your family I am more than grateful for their generous response Thank you for your help I really am most grateful I almost His father looked almost grateful for once I quite, rather I just, simply I'm just grateful the injury is not as bad as we'd feared I always I eternally I'm eternally grateful that we managed to go there before the war • PREP for I'm really grateful/or your help to I'm immensely grateful to you for your support gratifying adj be I find sth extremely, most, particularly, very • PREP for It is most gratifying for me to know that my • VERBS • ADV work has been useful gratitude noun deep, profound nal, undying • ADJ grasp verb take hold of sb/sth suddenly and firmly • ADV firmly, tightly at Her hands were grasping at his coat by She grasped him tightly by the wrist • PHRASES grasp hold of sb/sth She grasped hold of the banister to support herself understand sth • ADV fully He had not fully grasped the fact that he was the one who would pay for all this I not really I hadn't really grasped what they were talking about I quickly I easily, readily a means by which students can more easily grasp the basics of science • VERB + GRASP try to I be unable to, fail to Shefailed to grasp the significance of these facts I quick to He was quick to grasp the basic principles I be difficult to, be hard to Some of these concepts are very difficult to grasp • PREP grass noun • ADJ green I coarse, rough, thick I lush I long, tall I short I fresh-cut, freshly-cut, freshly-mown I damp, wet I dry I wild • QUANT blade I'oe walked along that path for so many years I know every blade of grass I clump, tuft There were only afeui clumps of coarsegrassfor the animals to eat • VERB + GRASS • GRASS + VERB • GRASS + NOUN eat I cut, mow I sow grow clippings, cuttings I seed I verge Weparked on the grass verge by the side of the road • PREP across the - They all set off across the grass in the - I found the wallet lying in the grass on the - You're not allowed to walk on the grass through the - The dog came running through the long grass I heartfelt, real, sincere I eter- • VERB + GRATITUDE feel the very deep gratitude Ifelt towards her I express, show I earn (sb) His kindness and support earned him her eternal gratitude • PREP in - He almost wept in gratitude when he saw the money with - I remember them with gratitude I - at my gratitude at her thoughifulness -for, -to/towards I would like to express my deep sense of gratitude to the staff for their patience • PHRASES as a token of your gratitude I sent him some money as a token of my gratitude owe a debt of gratitude to sb Weowe her a deep debt of gratitude for her services a feeling/sense of gratitude grave noun • ADJ deep, shallow The body was found in a shallow grave in a nearby wood I open The mourners threw flowers into the open grave I freshly-dug I unmarked His body is buried in an unmarked grave I mass A mass grave has been discovered in a wood outside the village I watery He rescued her from a watery grave (= saved her from drowning) • VERB + GRAVE dig I mark The grave was marked by a simple headstone I desecrate Some of the graves have been desecrated by vandals • PREP beyond the - The old lady still influences the family from beyond the grave in a/the - FII be in my grave by the time that happens! on a/the- She puts fresh flouiers on her husband's grave every Sunday gravity noun natural force • ADJ • VERB weak, zero the weak gravity on the moon I strong + GRAVITY be sUbjecttoAll objects are subject Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark graze 352 to gravity I defy The building leans so much that it seems to defy gravity • PREP by - The water flows from the tank by gravity to the houses below • PHRASES centre of gravity (often figurative) Europe's economic centre of gravity shifted northwards the force of gravity, the law/laws of gravity • ADJ extreme I don't think you realize the extremegraoitv of this offence • VERB + GRAVITY appreciate, realize, understand • PREP with - Criminal law does not treat traffic offences with the gravity they deserve noun minor, slight, small + GRAZE get, have, suffer She suffered minor grazes in the crash • PREP «on Poe got a graze on my leg • ADJ • VERB graze only peacefully, quietly Sheep were grazing peacefully in thefields • VERB + GRAZE allow sth to, turn sth outto The cattle were turned out to graze • PREP on/upon lambs grazing on the rough moorland pasture break the surface of your skin badly She had grazed her elbow quite badly on Hefell and grazed his knees on a rock be covered in/with, be smeared in/with The kitchen surfaces were all smeared with grease I dissolve, remove • GREASE + NOUN mark, spot, stain • PHRASES a blob/smear of grease + GREASE grease great greased adj large in amount/degree/size, • VERBS be I become etc very The play was a very great success great big There's a great big hole in this sleeve no great Don't worry It's no great problem • ADV • PHRASES admired • VERBS • ADV q Note at LANGUAGE green adj very I quite, slightly The cloth looked slightly green in that light • ADJ bottle, dark I light, pale I bright, brilliant, erneraid, lime, lush, rich, vivid wearing an emerald green dress o the lush green grass I dull I olive an olive green carpet • ADV qSpecialpage at COLOUR verb cheerfully, enthusiastically, pleasantly, warmly The two men greeted one another warmly I courteously, politely I coolly Stella greeted her mother coolly • VERB + GREET be there to, be waiting to You must be there to greet your guests My parents were waiting to greet us at the door I come to, rise to, turn to The president rose to greet his guests • PREP with She greeted him with a quick kiss • PHRASES greet sb by name The head teacher greeted all the pupils by name The nouncement was greeted angrily by the workers • PREP with The news was greeted with astonishment greeting be really, truly, very He was a truly great man very good/pleasant formal, friendly, polite + GREETING call (out), nod, shout, smile, wave Hejumped to his feet and called out a greeting They said nothing, but nodded a polite greeting I exchange The delegates shook hands and exchanged greetings I acknowledge, respond to, return I said 'Good morning!', but she didn't return the greeting I ignore • PREP in-He held out his hand in greeting greetings good wishes affectionate, personal, warm I birthday, Christmas, New Year, seasonal • VERB + GREETINGS bring, extend, send (sb) He brought Christmas greetings from the whole family We extend our greetings to you and thank you for listening to • ADJ noun true This book tells you nothing about the greatness of his paintings • VERB + GREATNESS achieve those people who achieved greatness I be destined for a woman who destinetijor greatness • GREATNESS + VERB lie Her greatness lies in her understanding of human nature • ADJ gregarious • ADJ noun pure, sheer, simple I human, personal • ADV true have was deep + NOUN • GREETINGS • VERBS greed noun first words you say when you meet sb us be, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste You're looking great Marriage must suit you! • ADV really That's really great news! I absolutely The food smells absolutely great • VERBS greatness an- • VERB well I lightly Place the cakes on a lightly tray baking I modern • ADJ verb • ADV ancient, classical I New Testament + NOUN alphabet react to sth in particular way • ADV enthusiastically I coolly I angrily noun • VERB noun • ADJ • ADV • ADV grease Greek say hello to sb of animals • ADV • PREP greet verb • PREP I be consumed • GREEK seriousness graze satisfy She killed him to satisfy her by, be driven by -for He was driven by greedfor money and power + GREED • VERB greed card adj be, seem I become highly, very These animals grenade are highly gregarious noun hand, smoke, stun I rocket-propelled I live + GRENADE be armed with, carry, have The hijackers were armed with hand grenades I hold She was holding the grenade above her head, ready to throw I hurl, lob, throw, toss I tossed the grenade through the open door I pull the pin out of • GRENADE + VERB fall, land I explode, go off • GRENADE + NOUN attack I launcher • ADJ • VERB Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark grind 353 greyadj of the colour between black and white • ADV very The sky looks very grey I think it's going to rain I quite, rather, slightly • ADJ dark I light, palea light grey suit I silvery, slate q Special page at COLOUR with grey hair • VERBS be I go, turn He went grey before he toasforty • ADV very I completely She was completely grey by the age of thirty food on the grill, turning it regularly grimace noun • ADJ little, slight, small I ugly I rueful, wry I facial • VERB + GRIMACE give, make She made a wry grimace I twist into Hisface twisted into a grimace • GRIMACE + VERB twist sth An ugly grimace twisted her face • PREP with a - He acknowledged his mistake with a wry grimace I -ofagrimaceofdisgustlpain grid noun pattern of lines that cross each other • ADJ rectangular, square I regular • GRID + NOUN line, pattern, square, system The art- ist drew a set of grid lines over the area to bepainted system of squares drawn on a map • GRID + NOUN line, reference, square The grid lines on the map run north-south An Ordnance Survey grid referencegives the position of a place to within 100metres system of electric cables • ADJ national I electricity • GRID + NOUN systemPowercanbefedfromwindgenerators into the electricity grid system grief noun • ADJ considerable, deep, great, inconsolable, real I private Ifelt awkward at intruding on their private grief • VERB + GRIEF be overcome with, be stricken with, experience, feel Her parents were stricken with grief I express, show I die from/of I come to terms with, cope with, deal with struggling to come to terms with their grief I cause (sb) Such behaviour can cause considerable grief • PREP - at Chlldren canfeel real grief at the loss of a pet -for her grief for her dead husband • PHRASES a feeling/sense of grief grievance noun real Some people will complain even if they have no genuine grievance I imaginary, imagined I long-standing, old I individual, personal I economic, social By the 1530s social grievances • ADJ genuine, legitimate, were again being voiced • VERB + GRIEVANCE harbour, have, nurse She still nursed her old grievance I air, express, vent, voice I hear (formal), listen to MPs spend many hours listening to the real or imagined grievances of their constituents I redress, remedy, settle Managers would make every effort to remedy individual grievances as they arose • PREP - about/over The meeting will be a chance to air your grievances about the organization - against He had a personal grievance against the professor • PHRASES a sense of grievance grieve verb • ADV deeply She had grieved deeply for her father I still • PREP for They are still grieving for their child over grieving over the loss of his daughter grill noun part of a cooker • ADJ hot Cook under a hot grill for minutes I eyelevel I electric, gas • VERB + GRILL preheatPreheatthegrill to medium • GRILL + NOUN pan • PREP under a/the- Place the chops in the grill pan, and put it under the grill framework • ADJ charcoal • PREP on a/the - Once the charcoal is glowing, place the of metal bars that you cook food on grimace verb • ADV slightly I ruefully, wryly • PREP at He grimaced slightly at the pain She grimaced at him in She grimaced in disgust grime noun • VERB + GRIME be covered in/with • PHRASES a layer of grime Over the years, the painting has become covered in a thick layer of grime grin noun • ADJ big, broad, huge, large, wide I faint, feeble I friendly, sympathetic I infectious I lazy I fatuous, foolish, goofy, silly I boyish, cheeky, impish, mischievous, sly Edmund looked up with an impish grin I bashful, sheepish I sickly I rueful, sardonic, wry I selfdeprecatory, self-mocking I knowing I insane, manic I grim, humourless, mirthless I evil, ferocious, hideous, wicked, wolfish I crooked, lopsided I gaptoothed, toothless, toothy • VERB + GRIN crack, force, give (sb) He gave the photographer a big grin I break into, split into The old man's face broke into a grin I hide, restrain, stifle She tried to stifle a grin • GRIN + VERB broaden, grow broader/wider.wlden I appear, spread across/over sth A mischievous grin spread across the little girl's face I disappear, fade His wry grinfaded • PREP with a - 'Fooled you!' he said, with a cheeky grin I -atagrin at his unfe-roi a grin of triumph • PHRASES take/wipe the grin off your face Take that grin off your face! wipe the grin off sb's face II soon r wipe that silly grin off her face grin verb • ADV broadly, Widely He appeared in the doorway grinning broadly I weakly I crookedly I cheerfully, happily I amiably I cheekily, impishly, mischievously I triumphantly I inanely I sheepishly He just stood there, tongue-tied and grinning sheepishly I apologetically, ruefully, wryly She grinned apologetically when she saw him I unrepentantly I conspiratorially I wickedly I maliciously, wolfishly I sourly I back, down, up She re- laxed and grinned wickedly back at him He lay grinning impishly up at me • PREP at He stopped eating to grin at me to She grinned to herself at the thought with They grinned with pleasure • PHRASES grin from ear to ear She looked at us, grinning from ear to ear grind verb • ADV coarsely I finely The cement need not be finely ground I down, up Grind the seeds down to a powder • PREP into machinery for grinding wheat into flour to The coffee is ground to afine powder • PHRASES freshly groundfreshly ground black pepper Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark grip 354 groove noun grip noun hold on sth • ADJ firm, good, secure, strong, tight I cruel, crushing, fierce; iron, painful, punishing, vice-like Her upper arms were seized in an iron grip I restraining • VERB + GRIP have He still had afirm grip on my arm I get, take Taking a tight grip on the hook, he began to pull it towards himself I keep Keep a secure grip on the rope at all times I lose She slipped arui lost her grip of the rope I tighten Robert tightened his grip on her shoulder I loosen, relax, release, slacken • GRIP + VERB tighten I loosen, relax, slacken His • ADJ grip slackened and she tore herself away • PREP in a/sb's- Hold the microphone in afirm grip She was powerless in his vice-like grip I - on She relaxed her grip on the doorframe power/control firm, iron, powerful, strong, tight, vice-like + GRIP have The Church does not have a strong grip on the population I get, take The government needs • ADJ • VERB to get a grip on this problem (informal) Get a grip! (= take control of yourself, your life, etc.) I keep We need to keep a tight grip on costs I strengthen, tighten They managed to strengthen their grip on the southern part of the country I lose (informal) Sometimes I feel I'm losing my grip (= losing control of my life, etc.) • PREP in sth's- Winter still held them in its iron grip a country in the grip of recession I - on The government does not seem to have a veryfirm grip on the economy • PHRASES come/get to grips with sth (= to begin to take control of sth or understand sth difficult) I'm slowly getting to grips with the language grip verb • ADV firmly, hard, tightly I gently, lightly at She gripped hard at the arms of her chair by He gripped her gently by the shoulders • PREP • VERB deep, shallow I narrow, wide + GROOVE carve, cut, make Running water had carved a groove down theface of the wall • PREP -in a deep groove in the surface of the rock grope verb blindly I vaguely I about/around/round for She groped blindly for the door handle • PHRASES grope your way I groped my way across the • ADV • PREP pitch-black stage ground noun solid surface of the earth firm, hard I muddy, soft, wet I dry, dusty I fertile (often figurative) The fall of the old regime provided • ADJ fertile grouruifor opportunism • VERB + GROUND fall to, hit The helicopter burst into flames when it hit the ground I reach She's so short, her feet don't reach the ground when she sits down I get off, leave The plane was so overloaded it couldn't leave the ground (figurative) His plan is too costly to ever get off the ground • GROUND + NOUN level A waterproof membrane is built into the walljust above ground level • PREP above/below- The roots may spread asfar below ground as does thefoliage above ground in the - a hole in the ground on the - He sat down on the ground under the - The tunnel goes deep under the ground area of land • ADJ high, low The village stands on high ground and is not prone toflooding I open I difficult, rocky, rough, stony, uneven I marshy patch, piece we tourui a patch of open ground in the middle of the woods piece of land used for a particular purpose • QUANT burial I dumping I cricket, football, practice, rugby, sports, training I parade I breeding, feeding, hunting • PREP at althe - F II meet you at the football ground in a/the - all the graves in the burial ground • ADJ grit noun small pieces of stone • QUANT bit, piece A bit of grit had got into my eye courage/determination sheer, true + GRIT have Don't give in yet You have more grit than that I display, show The team showed their true grit and played a magnificent game I take It takes • ADJ • VERB sheer grit to stand up to a bully like that groan noun • ADJ loud He let out a loud groan offrustration I little, small I deep, low I harsh, hoarse I muffled • VERB + GROAN give, let out, utter I stifle, suppress I hear • PREP with a- He stood up slowly with a groan of pain I -of q Note at SOUND groan verb • ADV loudly I quietly, softly I aloud, out loud I inwardly He groaned inwardly at the thought of spending another day in that place at, in She groaned out loud in protest with Some of the patients were groaning with pain • PHRASES moan and groan There's no point in moaning and groaning about not having any money • PREP groomed adj be, look She is always perfectly groomed well I immaculately, impeccably, meticulously, perfectly I beautifully I sleekly, smoothly • VERBS • ADV grounds land surrounding a large building • ADJ • VERB extensive I castle, hospital, palace, school, etc + GROUNDS be set in, have The palace is set in extensive grounds in the-(of) Many estate workers lived in cottages in the grounds of the castle Sarea of interest/study/discussion • ADJ familiar, firm, home I was on more familiar ground now that we were talking about our own system I dangerous, shaky Legally, we're on very shaky ground (= our actions may not be legal) I safe I common Both parties in the debate shared some common ground • VERB + GROUND cover, go over Several researchers have published articles covering this ground We just seem to be going over the same ground that we covered last year • PREP on - He knew he was on dangerous ground talking about money • PHRASES break new ground Her architectural designs have broken new ground grounds reason for sth • PREP good, reasonable, sufficient, valid + GROUNDS have The constable had reasonable groundsfor arresting her I give (sb) His evasiveness gave • ADJ • VERB grounds for the suspicion that he knew more than he was saying • PREP on -s Permission to open a mine was denied on environmental grounds on the -s of He resigned front his post on the grounds of ill health I - for Drunkenness at work was sufficient grounds for instant dismissal Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark growth 355 ground verb be grounded in/on sth nentially Well before a billionth of a second had elapsed firmly His book isfirmly grounded in memaries of • ADV grounding the universe started to grow exponentially: seem to to good, solid, thorough I basic + GROUNDING have All applicants for the job should have a basic grounding in computer skills I get I give (sb), provide (sb with) The course should give you a • ADJ + GROW by I begin to, start to I con- I be expected • PREP noun • VERB tinue to his own childhood Profits are expected to grow by 10% next year from Her media empire grew from quite small beginnings in She continued to grow in confidence into The village • VERB grew into a town of a person/animal thorough grounding infinancial matters - in to get a good grounding in science into The small puppy quickly grew into a very large dog of plants/hair • ADV well Tomatoes grow best in direct sunlight I fast, quickly, rapidly I slowly I steadily I thickly the nettles that grew thickly round the boathouse I outwards, upwards As the island subsided the reef grew upwards and outwards • VERB + GROW allow sth to, let sth She decided to let her hair grow • PREP from The tree grew from a small acorn into Small acorns grow into great oak trees • PHRASES grow unchecked A rose in full bloom had been allowed to grow unchecked up one of the walls make plants grow • ADV organicallyorganicallygrownproduce • VERB + GROW be easy to an attractive plant which is very hardy and easy to grow groundless adi be, prove, seem • ADV completely, entirely, quite, totally, utterly Our fears proved totally groundless I largely • VERBS groundwork noun basic • ADJ • VERB + GROUNDWORK do, lay, prepare, provide (sb with) The first meeting laid the groundwork for the final agreement Thefirst year provides the basic groundwork for the pupils' study of maths • PREP -for Weare already doing the groundworkfor the introduction of the scheme next year group noun • ADJ big, large, wide She has a very wide group of friends I select, small The president met with a select group of senior ministers I coherent, cohesive, tight, tightly-knit The strangers who came together for the course soon became a cohesive group I minority Disabled drivers are an ever-growing minority group I cultural, ethnic, racial I family The animals live in family groups of ](}-20individuals I age, peer young people in this age group He started smoking because of peer-group pressure I discussion a discussion group that meets once a month I self-help I action, pressure Local parents have formed an action group to campaign.for better road safety I splinter Afeui members of the party broke away toform a splinter group I theatre I pop, rock I blood What blood group are you? + GROUP form, found, set up, start I divide sb/sth into Wedivided the class into small groups I manage, run I become a member of, join I leave He left the • VERB group last year topursue a solo career • GROUP + VERB form The group formed back in 1992 I split up The group has split up and re-formed several times with different musicians + NOUN member as a - The gorillas go foraging for food as a group in a/the - There arefifteen of us in the group with in a/the - Within a group, each individual had a definite sta• GROUP • PREP tus I -ofagroupofyoungmothers co) Note at ORGANIZATION group verb closely I loosely I thematically Works in the exhibition are grouped thematically I together • PREP according to Eggs were grouped according to colour and size around/round They sat grouped around the fire by The children were grouped by age in/into These stories can be loosely grouped into three types with The England team was grouped with Uruguay and Holland • PHRASES group sth under a heading The names were grouped under four different headings grow verb increase fast, quickly, rapidly fast, quickly, rapidly I slowly growl noun • ADJ Iow I husky, soft, throaty I aggressive, threatening The dog gave a threatening growl • VERB + GROWL give,let out I hear • PREP with a - He spoke with a deep soft growl in his throat I -of The grouil of the engine co) Note at SOUND growl verb • ADV angrily, savagely 'I'm a desperate man,' he growled savagely I softly, throatily • PREP at The dog growled softly at me with Her stomach was growling with hunger growth noun increase in sth • ADJ considerable, dramatic, enormous, exponential, impressive, phenomenal, significant, spectacular, strong, tremendous the exponential growth in world population I explosive, fast, rapid the explosive growth of personal computers in the 1990s I modest, slow, steady The factory has achieved a steady growth in output I Iowa vicious circle of low growth and low productivity I long-term I economic, industrial I population • VERB + GROWTH achieve I maintain, sustain I encourage, promote, stimulate I control new measures to control the growth of traffic on the roads + NOUN rate The economy enjoyed the highest growth rate in Asia I area, industry Communications technology has proved to be a growth area • PREP - in There was a rapid growth in the numbers of private cars • GROWTH • ADV • ADV • ADV • PREP • PREP I slowly I steadily I expo- a rate of growth Special page at BUSINESS • PHRASES co) growing • ADJ healthy, normal A good diet is vital for healthy growth I excessive the excessive growth of algae in rivers I intellectual, personal, spiritual • VERB + GROWTH encourage Give the plants a good pruning to encourage growth I stunt Lack of food had stunted his growth • GROWTH + NOUN hormone Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark grudge 356 abnormal lump in the body • PHRASES be fully guaranteed All our electrical goods • ADJ cancerous, malignant I benign • VERB + GROWTH have • PREP Note at SOUND • GYMNASTICS onships I + NOUN display, exhibition I champi- coach • PREP in (the)cc:> Special page at SPORT Please purchase PDF Split-Merge on www.verypdf.com to remove this watermark  ... a tale of LA gang life I rape • PREP ina/the-Wewereinthesamegang I-ofagang of skin heads • PHRASES a member of a gang game noun group of friends • PREP - of Youprobably go with a gang offriends... you good to get out of the house more often • PREP for sb/sth''s - When the prime minister''s health problems continued, he resigned for the good of the party • PHRASES a force for good In disadvantaged... be aforcefor good for sb''s (own) good I know you don''t want to go into hospital, but it''s for your own good for the good of sth, good and evil the struggle between good and evil a power of good