I remember she once cycled for about 20 kilometers to pick me up because I stupidly got lost midway when going out on a picnic with my classmates.. What impresses me most is that Ngoc [r]
(1)UNIT 1: FRIENDSHIP
READING- acquaintance (n) quen biết
- to be incapable of khơng thể/khơng có khả làm
- lasting (a) bền vững, lâu dài
- quality (n) phẩm chất
- unselfishness (n) tính khơng ích kỉ
- to be concerned with quan tâm, đề cập đến
- two-side affair vấn đề hai mặt
- give-and-take (n) cho nhận
- live by tồn / sống
- constancy (n) tính kiên định
- constant (a) kiên định, bền lòng
- take up an interest chọn, theo đuổi sở thích
- enthusiasm (n) hăng hái, nhiệt tình
- to be tired of chán nản
- attraction (n) lôi cuốn, hấp dẫn
- object (n) đối tượng, thứ
- changeable (a) dễ thay đổi
- uncertain (a) không chắn
- lifelong (a) suốt đời
- loyalty (n) lòng trung thành
- be loyal to sb trung thành với …
- suspicion (n0 nghi ngờ
- rumour (n) tin đồn
- gossip about sb ngồi lê đơi mach, nói tầm phào …
- trust (n) lòng tin
- mutual (a) lẫn
- sympathy (n) thông cảm
- aim (n0 mục tiêu
- joy (n) niềm vui
- sorrow (n0 nỗi buồn
- pursuit (v) theo đuổi
- pleasure (n) niềm vui, hài lòng
SPEAKING
- physical characteristics đặc điểm ngoại hình
- medium (a) trung bình
- square (a) vng
- oval (a) hình oval
- forehead (n) trán
- crooked (a) khoắm
- caring (a) tận tuy, chăm sóc
- hospitable (a) hiếu khách
- modest (a) khiêm tốn
- sincere (a) chân thành
(2)- understanding (a) hiểu người khác
- personality (n) tính cách
- humourous (a) hài hước
- quick-witted (a) nhanh trí
- good-natured (a) chất tốt
- studious (a) chăm
- keenly (adv) nhiệt tình, hăng hái
- calm (a) bình tĩnh
LISTENING
- apartment building nhà chung cư
- share (v) chia sẻ
- residential (a) dân cư, tập thể
- residential area khu dân cư
- have sth in common có điểm chung
- help sb out of difficulties giúp đỡ khỏi khó khăn WRITING
Suggested writing
Of all my close girl friends, I like Ngoc the most We have been studying together since the first form and now we are both sixteen, the age of sweet dreams She is of medium height She has very straight black hair which is always worn in two pretty plaits With round wide eyes and white teeth, Ngos looks like an angel Her smiling face is the thing I love most about her As we have been friends for a long time, I know her character thoroughly She is the sort of person who is always understanding, caring and especially helpful I remember she once cycled for about 20 kilometers to pick me up because I stupidly got lost midway when going out on a picnic with my classmates What impresses me most is that Ngoc is humourous Anywhere, anytime, she can tell jokes of humour Ngoc is my beloved friend, and I believe that nothing is going to change my love foe her
LANGUAGE FOCUS
TO-INFINITIVES / BARE INFINITIVES / GERUNDS
(Động từ ngun mẫu có “to”, ngun mẫu khơng “to”, danh động từ) 1 To-infinitive / Infinitive with to
* Động từ nguyên mẫu có to dùng làm:
- Chủ ngữ câu: To become a famous singer is her dream
- Bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ: What I like is to swim in the sea and then to lie on the warm sand - Tân ngữ động từ It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home
- Tân ngữ tính từ I’m pleased to see you * V + to-inf
(3)- would like - offer: cho, tặng, đề nghị * Trong cấu trúc:
+ It takes / took + O + thời gian + to-inf + mục đích
+ bổ ngữ cho danh từ đại từ: S + V + Noun / pronoun + to-inf I have some letters to write
Is there anything to eat?
+ It + be + adj + to-inf: thật … để Ex: It is interesting to study English + S + be + adj + to-inf
Ex: I’m happy to receive your latter + S + V + too + adj / adv + to-inf + S + V + adj / adv + enough + to-inf
+ S + find / think / believe + it + adj + to-inf Ex: I find it difficult to learn English vocabulary
- Sau từ nghi vấn: what, who, which, when, where, how,… (nhưng thường không dùng sau why) Ex: I don’t know what to say
* Note:
- allow / permit/ advise / recommend + O + to-inf She allowed me to use her pen - allow / permit / advise / recommend + V-ing She didn’t allow smoking in her room II Bare infinitive / Infinitive without to
* V + O + V1
- let - make - had better - would rather Note be + made + to-inf
- help + V1 / to-inf - help + O + V1 / to-inf - help + O + with + N
Ex: My brother helped me my homework My brother helped me to my homework My brother helped me with my homework * Động từ giác quan
- Các động từ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V1 (chỉ hoàn tất hành động – nghe thấy toàn việc diễn ra)
Ex: I saw her get off the bus
- Các động từ tri giác: hear, sound, smell, taste, feel, watch, notice, see, listen, find + O + V-ing (chỉ việc diễn ra)
Ex: I smell something burning in the kitchen III GERUND (V-ing)
* Danh động từ dùng làm:
- Chủ từ câu: Swimming is my favourite sport - Bổ ngữ động từ: My hobby is collecting stamps - Tân ngữ động từ: I enjoy traveling
* V + V-ing
(4)- detest: ghét - encourage: khích lệ - consider: xem xét
- imagine: tưởng tượng - miss: bỏ lỡ - It is no use: khơng có ích - It is no good: khơng tốt - postpone: hỗn lại - suggest: đề nghị
- practice: luyện tập - finish - admit: thừa nhận - avoid: tránh - mind: ngại - delay: hoãn - hate: ghét
- waste / spend: lãng phí, bỏ (thời gian, tiền bạc) - have difficulty / trouble: gặp khó khăn/trở ngại - can’t help: không
- can’t stand / can’t bear: không chịu đựng nỗi - feel like: cảm thấy thích
- look forward to: mong chờ, mong đợi - It is (not) worth: đáng / không đáng - keep / keep on: tiếp tục
- be busy
- be used to / get used to
* Sau liên từ: after, before, when, while, since,…
Ex: After (finish) his homework, he went to bed * Sau giới từ: on, in, at, with, about, from, to, without, … Ex: My sister is interested in (listen) _ to pop music Note:
1/ - It takes / took + O người + time + to-V1 S người + spend + time / money + V-ing … Ex: It took me twenty minutes to walk to school
- 2/ After / Before / When / While / As soon as + S + Vthì, S + V + O After / Before / When / While / As soon as + V-ing / V3, S + V + O Ex: After I had finished my homework, I went to bed
Afetr finishing my homework, I went to bed 3/
Chủ động Bị động Phủ định chủ động Phủ định bị động V1 Be V3/-ed Not V1 Not be V1
V-ing Being V3/-ed Not V-ing Not being V3/-ed To-V1 To be V3/-ed Not to V1 Not to be V3/-ed Ex: I like (go) _ to the parties
I like (invite) _ to the party
She wanted (have) _ a new computer She wanted (give) _ a new computer IV INFINITIVE OR GERUND (To-inf / V-ing) 1 Không thay đổi nghĩa:
- begin / start / continue/ like / love + To-inf / V-ing Ex: It started to rain / raining
(5)+ remember / forget / regret + V-ing: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc xảy (trong khứ) + remember / forget / regret + to-inf: nhớ / quên/ nuối tiếc việc chưa, xảy (trong tương lai) Ex: Don’t forget to turn off the light when you go to bed
I remember meeting you some where but I can’t know your name Remember to send her some flowers because today is her birthday
+ stop + V-ing: dừng hẳn việc + stop + to-inf: dừng … để …
Ex: He stopped smoking because it is harmful for his health
On the way home, I stopped at the post office to buy a newspaper + try + V-ing: thử
+ try + to-inf: cố gắng
+ need + V-ing = need + to be + V3: cần (bị động) + need + to-inf: cần (chủ động)
Ex: I need to wash my car
My car is very dirty It needs washing / to be washed + Cấu trúc nhờ vả:
S + have + O người + V1 + O vật
S + have + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người) S + get + O người + to-inf + O vật
S + get + O vật + V3/-ed + (by + O người) Ex: I have my brother clean the house
I get my brother to clean the house