Trong bài này có 2 phần ngữ pháp chính mà học sinh cần nắm được: a4. Dấu hiệu nhận biết (time expression) của câu chủ động và câu bị động giống.[r]
(1)TÓM TẮT BÀI 10 A NGỮ PHÁP
Trong có phần ngữ pháp mà học sinh cần nắm được: a câu bị động
Revision:
tenses (thì) active (chủ động) passive (bị động)
1 The simple present
Thì đơn
S+ V0/V(s,es) +O S + am/ is / are +
Ve d / + byO Modal verbs
Động từ khiếm khuyết
S+ modal verbs+V0+O
S +modal verbs+ be + Ve d / + by O The simple past
Thì khứ đơn
S + Ved/2 + O S + were / was +
Ved/3 + by O The simple future
Thì tương lai đơn S + will + V0 + O S + will + be + V
e d / + by O
Một số quy tắc chuyển câu chủ động sang câu bị động
1 Câu chủ động phải có thành phần chính: chủ ngữ (S), động từ (V) tân
ngữ (O) chuyển sang câu bị động Trong tân ngữ phải chịu tác động hành động
Ví dụ: "She reads." Khơng có tân ngữ nên khơng thể chuyển sang câu bị động
2 Cách chuyển
Active (chủ động) Passive (bị động)
Chủ ngữ (S) → Tân ngữ (by + O)
Động từ (V) → Tobe + Ved/3
Tân ngữ (O) → chủ ngữ (S)
3 Dấu hiệu nhận biết (time expression) câu chủ động câu bị động giống
nhau
Có thể bỏ By + O tân ngữ (O) trường hợp sau: Someone, somebody, Everybody, People, You, we, they…
b công thức tính từ
[S + tobe(not) + adj + to + Vo + O.] [S + tobe (not) + adj + that + clause B BÀI TẬP
Choose the word or phrase that best completes each unfinished sentence below. 1. She has already _his cup five or six times
A refilled B reused C reduced D recycled 2. Your breakfast _up to your room tomorrow morning
A will take B will be take C will taken D will be taken 3. Cloth bags ought _used instead of plastic bags
A be B to be C been D to been
4. It’s _to walk in the narrow and busy road
A danger B dangers C dangerous D dangerously 5. I threw _all the broken toys
A aside B away C down D in
6. The rabbit by mistake
(2)A will bring B will brought C will be brought D will been brought
8. What did she mean by _ so early?
A leave B left C leaving D to leave
9. Break the chocolate _into squares
A up B in C on D off
10. All children’s shoes are now _to $20 a pair
A reduced B reused C refilled D recycled 11. _is a mixture of decaying plants and vegetables that is added to soil to improve its quality
A Compost B Dung C Trash D Fertilizer
12. The sea and rivers are too _to swim in
A dirt B dirty C dirtily D dirtiness
13 We should use cloth bags of plastic bags
A instead B besides C apart D without 14 In the world, millions of old papers away every day
A thrown B are throwing C are thrown D threw 15 She was very sad good marks in the final test
A not get B not to get C to not get D not getting 16 The prefix “re-” in the word “reuse” means
A against B for C no D again
17 Farmers collect household and garden waste to make A compost B floor coverings C glassware D pipes 18 My house every year to welcome the Tet Holiday
A paints B painted C is painted D painting 19 Students should be eager in social activities
A participate B to participate C to participating D participated 20 Milk bottles can be after being cleaned
A recycled B thrown away C broken D reused 21 This project out next month
A is carried B will carry C will be carried D carries 22 It’s dangerous in this river
A swim B to swim C swimming D swam
23 We are looking forward to you in June
A seeing B see C saw D be seen
24 Try to the amount of fat in your diet
A reuse B refill C reduce D recycle 25 Glass is broken up, melted and made into
A silverware B hardware C ironware D glassware 26 This table is made wood
A in B on C of D from
27 The champagne is made grapes
A in B on C of D from
(3)29 The government ought to something to prevent people _ throwing trash into the river
A for B in C from D at
30 They are certain _ they will pass the exam easily
A which B what C where D that
31 Drink cans are brought back to the factory for _
A recycling B buying C making D eating 32 This beautiful box _ from recycled paper
A is made B were made C making D to make 33 Books _ by Daniel Steel are sold everywhere
A writing B write C written D wrote 34 ………is the address of the City Museum?
A Where B What C Which D whom
35 It is difficult ……all the instructions at the same time
a to remember b remember c remembering d remembers 36 ………is easy
a recycle b recycling c to recycle d recycles 37 I am ………that you want to know more
a please b pleasing c pleased d to please
37 We can reuse things ………….envelopes, glass and plastic bottles and old plastic bags
a as b like c such d so
39 The boy was ……… by the dog
a bite b bited c bit d bitten
40 The work was done by………
a he b she c us d they
41.The teacher………upset by the children
a be b being c was d been
42 It is ……….to help friends when they have difficulties
a interesting b interest c interested d interests 43 She is afraid ……….it will rain very soon