toeic grammar toeic ebook nguyễn thị thuận english 4 all

Tuy nhiên trớ trêu ở chỗ người dùng thì thấy tiện lợi bao nhiêu nhưng người đọc ( những người học tiếng Anh như chúng ta nè ) lại thấy " khổ sở" bấy nhiêu vì không hiểu hết ý k[r]

(1)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

Ngoại ngữ MTEC – Số 2A, ngõ 52, phố Nam Dư, Lĩnh Nam, Hoàng Mai, HN Giáo viên : Nguyễn Thị Thuận Email & Facebook: nguyenthithuanbg@gmail.com

Điện thoại : 0969 953 568 Website: http://english4all.edu.vn

1 TỔNG HỢP GIỚI TỪ

Tài liệu gồm có phần

Phần 1: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU ĐỘNG TỪ (Động từ + Giới từ) Phần 2: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU TÍNH TỪ (Tính từ + Giới từ) Phần 3: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU DANH TỪ (Danh từ + Giới từ) Phần 4: PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

Phần 1: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU ĐỘNG TỪ (Động từ + Giới từ)

1 ABOUT

- Ask about : hỏi

- Argue about/ over : tranh luận - Care about : quan tâm

- Complain about/ of : phàn nàn - Dream about/ of : mơ

- Forget about : qn điều - Talk about : nói

- Think about/ of : suy nghĩ - Worry about : lo lắng điều For example:

1 They are talking about the new movie (Họ nói chuyện phim mới.)

2 He always dreams about being a millionaire.(Anh mơ việc trở thành triệu phú.)

3 The students want to ask about the result of the test (Các sinh viên muốn hỏi kết kiểm tra.) Sorry, I forgot about the meeting (Xin lỗi, quên buổi họp.)

5 I am thinking about buying a new car (Tôi suy nghĩ đến việc mua xe mới.)

2 AGAINST

- Compete against : chiến đấu chống lại - Decide against : định khơng làm - Fight against : chiến đấu chống lại

- Guard against : bảo vệ khỏi - Immunize against : miễn dịch - Insure against : bảo hiểm

- Protect against : bảo vệ khỏi điều - Protest against : chống đối điều - Warn … against/ about : cảnh báo điều - Vaccinate … against : tiêm vắc xin phòng… For example:

1 He decided against cheating on his exam (Cậu định không gian lận thi cử.)

2 His mother warned him against playing computer games so much (Mẹ cậu ta cảnh báo cậu ta việc chơi điện tử nhiều.)

3 FOR

(2)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

2 - Ask for : yêu cầu

- Blame for/ on : đổ lỗi điều - Care for : quan tâm, chăm sóc - Criticize for : phê bình điều - Forgive for : tha lỗi cho điều - Hope for : hi vọng điều

- Pay for : trả tiền cho thứ - Plan for : lên kế hoạch chi tiết - Prepare for : chuẩn bị cho điều - Thank for : cảm ơn điều For example:

1 John apologized for forgetting my birthday party (John xin lỗi quên bữa tiệc sinh nhật tôi.) She decided to stop working in order to care for her children (Cơ định nghỉ việc để chăm sóc cái.)

3 We are hoping for nice weather on the weekend (Chúng hi vọng thời tiết đẹp vào cuối tuần.) He is planning for the next meeting (Anh lên kế hoạch chi tiết cho buổi họp lần tới.)

5 I thanked my best friend for the nice birthday present (Tôi cảm ơn người bạn thân q sinh nhật tuyệt vời.)

4 FROM

- Ban from/ on : cấm làm điều - Benefit from : có lợi từ

- Borrow … from : mượn từ - Derive from : bắt nguồn từ - Differ from : khác với

- Distinguish from : phân biệt với

- Distract from : làm xao lãng khỏi việc - Escape from : khỏi

- Extract from : trích từ

- Prevent from : ngăn cản khỏi điều - Prohibit from : ngăn cấm, ngăn cản - Protect from : bảo vệ khỏi điều - Refrain from : kiềm chế khơng làm việc - Resign from : từ chức

- Result from : bắt nguồn từ - Stop from : ngăn cản

- Suffer from : chịu đựng điều For example:

1 Students can borrow books from the library (Sinh viên mượn sách từ thư viện.)

2 The interesting film distracted me from doing my homework (Bộ phim thú vị làm tơi xao nhãng khỏi việc làm tập nhà.)

3 She managed to escape from the burning car (Cô cố gắng xoay sở để thoát khỏi xe cháy.)

(3)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

3 Many companies are suffering from a shortage of skilled staff (Nhiều công ty lâm vào cảnh thiếu nhân công lành nghề.)

5 IN

- Believe in : tin vào

- Confide in : tiết lộ bí mật cho - Involve in : làm liên quan tới - Join in : tham gia vào - Participate in : tham gia vào - Persist in : khăng khăng - Result in : dẫn đến - Specialize in : chuyên - Succeed in : thành công For example:

1 I used to confide in my best friend whenever I was in trouble (Tôi thường chia sẻ với bạn thân gặp rắc rối.)

2 I wanted to join in the game, but I didn’t know the rules (Tôi muốn tham gia trị chơi tơi lại khơng biết luật chơi.)

3 Would you like to participate in our trip on Sunday? (Bạn có muốn tham gia vào chuyến dã ngoại với vào chủ nhật không?)

4 He succeeded in unlocking the door (Anh thành cơng việc mở cửa đó.) This author specializes in detective stories (Tác giả chuyên truyện trinh thám.)

6 OF

- Accuse of : buộc tội điều - Approve of : tán thành

- Consist of : bao gồm

- Remind of : gợi nhắc điều - Suspect of : nghi ngờ điều For example:

1 He is accused of stealing the car (Anh bị buộc tội ăn trộm xe hơi.)

2 That song always reminds me of my first love (Bài hát ln gợi nhắc tơi nhớ lại mối tình đầu.) I suspected him of telling a lie (Tơi nghi ngờ nói dối.)

7 ON

- Agree on/ about/ upon : đồng ý điều - Base on : dựa vào

- Concentrate on : tập trung vào

- Congratulate on : chúc mừng việc - Depend on/ upon : dựa vào, phụ thuộc vào - Elaborate on : giải thích chi tiết

- Focus on/ upon : tập trung vào - Insist on : khăng khăng vào việc - Plan on : dự định làm điều - Rely on : dựa vào

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TOEIC GRAMMAR

4 For example:

1 He agreed with me on all the major issues, but we had some small disagreements

(Anh đồng ý với tất chúng tơi có vài điểm nhỏ không thống nhất.)

2 I congratulated her on winning the first prize (Tôi chúc mừng cô việc giành giải nhất.)

3 She doesn’t want to depend too much on her parents (Cô không muốn phụ thuộc nhiều vào bố mẹ cô ấy.)

4 Our lesson today focuses on the function of nouns (Bài học hôm tập trung vào chức danh từ.)

5 My mother insists on not going to hospital despite her illness (Mẹ khăng khăng không đến bệnh viện dù bị ốm.)

8 TO

- Adjust to : điều chỉnh phù hợp với điều - Admit to : thừa nhận

- Apologize to : xin lỗi - Answer to : trả lời cho - Attend to : { vào - Belong to : thuộc

- Complain to : phàn nàn với - Confess to : thừa nhận

- Devote to : cống hiến cho việc - Happen to : xảy với

- Listen to : lắng nghe

- Look forward to : mong đợi điều - Object to : phản đối

- React to : phản ứng - Refer to : đề cập đến For example:

1 She admits to being strict with children (Cơ thừa nhận nghiêm khắc với cái.) This beautiful house belongs to her (Ngôi nhà đẹp thuộc cô ấy.)

3.I like listening to music in my free time (Tôi thích nghe nhạc thời gian rỗi.)

4.I apologized to my mother for breaking the old vase (Tôi xin lỗi mẹ làm vỡ bình hoa cổ.) 5.I am going to complain to your manager about your attitude (Tôi phàn nàn với người quản lý thái độ anh.)

9 WITH

- Agree with : đồng ý với - Associate with : có liên quan tới - Collide with : va chạm với

- Combine with : kết hợp với - Continue with : tiếp tục với

- Cope with : giải quyết, xoay sở với - Deal with : giải

(5)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

5 - Fill with : làm đầy, điền vào chỗ trống

- Meet with : gặp gỡ để thảo luận với - Provide with : cung cấp thứ - Supply with : cung cấp thứ For example:

1 When he fell, his head collided with the table (Khi cậu nhóc ngã, đầu đập vào bàn.) Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water (Hydro kết hợp với oxy tạo thành nước.)

3 He has always been excellent at coping with problems (Anh ln có tài việc giải vấn đề.) Can you fill this vase with water for me? (Bạn đổ đầy nước vào bình hoa giúp tớ khơng?) The volunteers provided people in remote areas with food and clothes

(Những người tình nguyện cung cấp thức ăn quần áo cho người vùng xa xôi hẻo lánh.) Phần 2: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU TÍNH TỪ (Tính từ + Giới từ)

1 ABOUT

- Annoyed about/ at : bực điều - Angry about/ at : tức giận điều - Anxious about : lo lắng điều - Certain about/ of : chắn điều - Concerned about/ for : lo lắng điều - Confused about/ at/ by : bối rối, lúng túng - Curious about : tò mò

- Doubtful about : nghi ngờ điều - Enthusiastic about : nhiệt tình, hăng hái - Excited about/ at : hào hứng

- Furious about/ at : tức giận điều - Pessimistic about : bi quan điều - Pleased about/ at : hài lịng điều - Serious about : nghiêm túc

- Sorry about : xin lỗi điều

- Upset about : buồn, thất vọng điều - Worry about : lo lắng

- Wrong about : sai lầm điều For example:

1 I am very annoyed with my brother about his carelessness (Tơi bực với anh trai tơi tính bất cẩn anh ấy.)

2 I was very angry with myself about making such a stupid mistake.(Tơi thấy bực với mắc lỗi ngớ ngẩn thế.)

3 The children are very excited about receiving lucky money.(Trẻ hào hứng việc nhận tiền lì xì năm mới.)

4 My family is very curious about my sister’s boyfriend.(Cả gia đình tơi tị mị bạn trai chị gái tôi.) He is upset about failing the entrance exam.(Cậu buồn trượt đại học.)

2 AT

- Bad at : dở việc

(6)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

6 - Clever at : khéo léo, tài giỏi

- Expert at/ in : giỏi việc - Good at : giỏi việc

For example:

1 Peter is good at Maths (Peter giỏi mơn tốn.)

2 She is clever at making flower arrangements (Cô khéo léo cắm hoa.)

3 She is expert at making cheap but beautiful clothes (Cô giỏi việc làm quần áo rẻ đẹp.)

3 AT/ BY

- Amazed at/ by : kinh ngạc điều - Astonished at/ by : kinh ngạc điều - Surprised at/ by : ngạc nhiên điều - Delighted at/ by/ with : vui, hài lòng điều For example:

1 I was amazed at his knowledge of history (Tôi ngạc nhiên kiến thức lịch sử anh ấy.)

2 We were very astonished at his promotion (Chúng ngạc nhiên thăng chức anh ấy.) I am delighted with the news of her wedding (Tôi vui nghe tin cô làm đám cưới.)

4 FOR

- Anxious for : lo lắng cho - Available for : có sẵn cho - Eager for : háo hức - Famous for : tiếng

- Grateful for : biết ơn điều - Known for : biết đến với/vì - Late for : trễ cho việc - Notorious for : khét tiếng - Ready for : sẵn sàng cho việc - Responsible for : chịu trách nhiệm - Sorry for : cảm thông với - Suitable for : phù hợp với For example:

1 Her parents are always anxious for her because she lives far alone (Bố mẹ lo lắng cho sống xa mình.)

2 The children are ready for school (Những đứa trẻ sẵn sàng đến trường.) I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help

(Tôi vô biết ơn tất giáo viên giúp đỡ họ.)

4 This film is not suitable for children (Bộ phim không phù hợp cho trẻ con.)

5 IN

- Disappointed in : thất vọng

(7)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

7 - Successful in/ at : thành công

For example:

1 Mary is interested in collecting old stamps (Mary thích thú với việc sưu tầm tem cổ.)

2 He is experienced in looking after babies (Anh có kinh nghiệm việc chăm sóc trẻ con.) They were successful in winning the contract (Họ thành công việc giành hợp đồng.) I am disappointed in you (Mình thất vọng bạn.)

6 OF

- Afraid of : lo sợ, sợ hãi

- Ashamed of : xấu hổ việc - Aware of : có nhận thức

- Capable of : có khả làm điều - Confident of : tự tin

- Conscious of : có ý thức - Envious of : ganh tị - Fond of : thích - Full of : đầy

- Frightened of : sợ điều - Guilty of : cảm thấy tội lỗi

- Independent of : độc lập, không lệ thuộc - Jealous of : ganh tị

- Nervous of / about : lo lắng - Proud of : tự hào

- Scared of : lo sợ

- Sure of : chắn điều - Terrified of : sợ hãi

- Tired of : mệt mỏi For example:

1 I always feel afraid of going out alone at night (Tơi ln cảm thấy sợ ngồi buổi tối.) It’s necessary for people to be aware of the health risks (Mọi người cần nhận thức nguy sức khỏe.)

3 He is capable of answering many difficult questions (Anh trả lời nhiều câu hỏi khó.) My family is fond of going swimming in summer (Gia đình tơi thích bơi vào mùa hè.)

5 They are envious of her promotion (Họ ghen tị với thăng tiến cô ấy.)

6 I am very tired of hearing their arguments (Tôi mệt mỏi nghe tranh cãi họ.)

7 ON

- Dependent on/ upon : phụ thuộc vào - Keen on : háo hức

For example:

1 You shouldn’t be too dependent on your parents (Bạn không nên phụ thuộc nhiều vào bố mẹ bạn.)

2 I am very keen on going to the party (Tôi háo hức để đến bữa tiệc.)

8 TO

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TOEIC GRAMMAR

8 - Attentive to : ý vào

- Committed to : tận tâm - Different to/ from : khác với - Engaged to : đính với - Faithful to : chung thủy, trung thành - Harmful to : có hại

- Inferior to : thấp (địa vị, phẩm chất) - Married to : cưới

- Obvious to : rõ ràng với

- Opposed to : phản đối điều gì, khác điều - Related to : liên quan tới

- Relevant to : liên quan tới - Similar to : tương tự với

- Superior to : cao (địa vị, phẩm chất) - Sympathetic to : thông cảm với

For example:

1 He’s addicted to computer games (Cậu nghiện trò chơi máy tính.) Life in the countryside is different to life in the city

(Cuộc sống nông thôn khác với sống thành phố.) She is engaged to Peter (Cơ đính với Peter.) He always feels inferior to his older siblings

(Anh ln cảm thấy cỏi anh chị anh ấy.)

5 They are totally opposed to abortion (Họ hoàn toàn phản đối việc nạo phá thai.)

9 WITH

- Angry with : tức giận

- Annoyed with : bực với - Bored with : chán

- Busy with : bận rộn với

- Connected with : có liên quan tới - Crowded with : đơng đúc

- Happy with/ about : vui mừng - Impressed with/ by : ấn tượng - Patient with : kiên nhẫn với

- Popular with (sb) : ưa thích - Satisfied with : hài lịng với

- Wrong with : trục trặc, có vấn đề For example:

1 I am bored with doing the same thing day after day

(9)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

9 All of us are impressed by her generosity

(Tất chúng tơi ấn tượng hào phóng cô ấy.) She’s never satisfied with what she’s got

(Cơ khơng hài lịng với có.)

Phần 3: GIỚI TỪ THEO SAU DANH TỪ (Danh từ + Giới từ)

1 ABOUT

- Anxiety about : nỗi lo lắng - Complaint about : điều phàn nàn - Discussion about/ on : thảo luận - Doubt about : nghi ngờ

- Story about : câu chuyện For example:

1 We received a number of complaints from customers about poor service

(Chúng nhận nhiều lời phàn nàn từ khách hàng dịch vụ chất lượng.) They had a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the new strategy (Họ có buổi thảo luận thuận lợi bất lợi chiến lược mới.)

3 This is a story about Snow White and the Huntsman (Đây câu chuyện nàng Bạch Tuyết Chàng Thợ Săn.)

2 FOR

- Admiration for : hâm mộ

- Apology for : lời xin lỗi điều - Application for : xin (việc ), đăng k{ - Chance for : hội cho

- Demand for : yêu cầu, nhu cầu (cái gì) - Desire for : khao khát

- Excuse for : cớ, lý - Fondness for : yêu thích - Hope for (sth) : niềm hi vọng - Need for : cần thiết

- Plan for : kế hoạch

- Pity for : điều đáng tiếc - Preference for : ưa thích

- Reason for : lý

- Reputation for : danh tiếng - Respect for : tôn trọng

- Responsibility for : trách nhiệm - Substitute for : người/ vật thay - Sympathy for : thông cảm - Wish for : niềm ao ước

For example:

1 You owe him an apology for what you said

(Bạn nợ anh lời xin lỗi bạn nói.)

2 There will be a chance for all students to go camping next week (Tất học sinh có hội cắm trại vào tuần tới.)

3 His excuse for forgetting her birthday was unacceptable

(Lý bào chữa anh cho việc quên sinh nhật cô chấp nhận được.) We have no reason for doubting him

(Chúng ta khơng có l{ để nghi ngờ anh ấy.) I have great respect for my teacher

(Tơi có tơn trọng lớn lao dành cho giáo viên mình.)

(10)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

10 - Belief in : niềm tin

- Confidence in : tự tin - Difficulty in : khó khăn - Experience in : kinh nghiệm - Interest in : ưa thích - Pleasure in : ưa thích - Success in : thành công For example:

1 Nowadays many people lack confidence in government (Ngày nhiều người thiếu niềm tin vào phủ.) I had no difficulty in persuading her to change her mind

(Tơi khơng gặp khó khăn việc thuyết phục cô thay đổi suy nghĩ.) She has a lot of experience in working with children

(Cơ có nhiều kinh nghiệm với trẻ con.) Do you have any interest in going fishing? (Bạn có thích câu cá khơng?)

5 I didn’t have much success in finding a job

(Tơi khơng có nhiều thành cơng cơng tìm việc.)

4 OF

- Advantage of : lợi - Example of : mẫu, thí dụ - Danger of : mối nguy hiểm - Disadvantage of : bất lợi - Fear of : sợ hãi

- Habit of : thói quen - Lack of : thiếu hụt - Memory of : kỷ niệm - Opportunity of : hội

- Possibility of : khả xảy - Standard of : tiêu chuẩn

- Symbol of : biểu tượng For example:

1 Of the two candidates, Peter has the advantage of experience (Trong người dự tuyển, Peter có lợi kinh nghiệm.) This dictionary has many examples of how words are used (Cuốn từ điển có nhiều ví dụ cách sử dụng từ.)

3 Many rare animals are in danger of extinction

(Nhiều loài động vật quý có nguy bị tuyệt chủng.) I have a habit of turning on the TV when I come home (Tơi có thói quen bật ti vi đến nhà.)

5 Please give me the opportunity of explaining what happened (Làm ơn cho tơi hội để giải thích chuyện xảy ra.)

(11)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

11 - Advice on : lời khuyên

- Attack on : công - Effect on : ảnh hưởng

- Emphasis on / upon : nhấn mạnh vào - Impact on : tác động, ảnh hưởng - Impression on : ấn tượng tốt

- Influence on/ over/ upon : ảnh hưởng - Report on/ of : tường thuật

- Comment on/ about : ý kiến - Expert on/ at/ in : chuyên gia For example:

1 You should ask your teacher for advice on how to prepare for the exam

(Bạn nên hỏi giáo viên cho lời khuyên làm để chuẩn bị cho kz thi.) Using pesticides in farming can have a big effect on land

(Sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu nơng nghiệp gây ảnh hưởng lớn đến đất.) Her speech made a profound impact on everyone

(Bài phát biểu có ảnh hưởng sâu sắc người.) Her appearance made a strong impression on him

(Ngoại hình gây ấn tượng mạnh với anh ta.) My teacher made helpful comments on my essay

(Giáo viên đưa lời nhận xét hữu ích luận tôi.)

6 TO

- Access to : tiếp cận, truy cập - Addiction to : thói nghiện ngập - Attitude to/ towards : thái độ - Answer to : câu trả lời cho

- Apology to : lời xin lỗi - Damage to : thiệt hại

- Dedication to : dâng hiến, hiến tặng

- Devotion to : cống hiến

- Exception to : trường hợp ngoại lệ - Objection to : phản đối

- Reaction to : phản ứng - Response to : câu trả lời cho - Solution to : giải pháp cho

For example:

1 You need a password to get access to the computer system (Bạn cần mã bảo vệ để truy cập vào hệ thống máy tính.)

2 I always have a negative attitude towards hunting wild animals (Tơi ln có thái độ phản việc săn bắt động vật hoang dã.) It is difficult to give an answer to this question

(Thật khó để đưa câu trả lời cho câu hỏi này.)

4 The storm caused serious damage to many houses in the village

(Trận bão gây nên thiệt hại nghiêm trọng cho nhiều nhà làng.) I have a better solution to this problem

(12)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

12

7 WITH

- Link with : liên hệ với

- Connection with/ to : liên hệ với - Relation with : liên quan với - Contrast with : tương phản với - Trouble with : vấn đề với

- Matter with : vấn đề với - Encounter with : đối mặt với For example:

1 His resignation must have some connection with the recent scandal

(Việc từ chức ơng hẳn có chút liên hệ với vụ bê bối gần đây.) She always has trouble with her neighbours

(Cô gặp vấn đề với hàng xóm mình.) What is the matter with your computer? (Có vấn đề với máy tính bạn vậy?) Phần 4: PREPOSITIONAL PHRASES

1 AT

at any rate : giá at fault : bị hỏng

at first sight : từ nhìn

at the first attempt : từ lần cố gắng at peace : hịa bình

at war : chiến tranh at first :

at last : cuối at a time :

at times :

at the same time : lúc, đồng thời at once :

at a loss : bị thua lỗ at a profit : lãi at heart : thực

at a discount : giảm giá at a disadvantage : bị bất lợi at large : nói chung

E.g - It was love at first sight, and they got married three weeks later (Đó tình yêu sét đánh họ cưới sau có ba tuần.) - All clothes in the store are now available at a discount

(Tất quần áo cửa hàng giảm giá.)

2 BEYOND /bɪˈjɒnd/

beyond belief : không tin tưởng beyond a joke : khơng cịn trị đùa

beyond repair : sửa chữa beyond a shadow of a doubt : khơng nghi ngờ E.g

- This car is beyond repair You should buy a new one

(Chiếc xe ô tô sửa chữa Anh nên mua mới.) - Her intelligence is beyond belief

(13)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

13

3 BY

by dozen : tá by law : theo luật by force : bắt buộc by rights : có quyền by nature : chất by coincidence : trùng hợp by mistake : nhầm lẫn by chance : tình cờ by accident : vơ tình by all means : chắn

by day : vào ban ngày by night : vào ban đêm by name : tên by sight : mắt by far :

by oneself : (khơng có giúp đỡ) by hand : tay

by heart : thuộc lòng by surprise : bất ngờ by virtue of : E.g

- I’m sorry I took your hat by mistake

(Tớ xin lỗi Tớ vơ tình cầm nhầm mũ bạn.) - He is very kind by nature

(Bản chất anh tốt bụng.)

4 FOR

for fear of : sợ, e for life : suốt đời for fun : vui for sale : để bán

for the time being : tại, thời

for the foreseeable future : nhỡn tiền, trước mắt E.g

- They spoke quietly for fear of waking the baby (Họ nói khẽ để tránh đánh thức đứa trẻ.) - He is a doctor He writes novels just for fun

(Ông bác sĩ Ông viết tiểu thuyết vui thôi.)

5 ON

on credit : cịn nợ on average : trung bình on approval : tán thành on loan : cho mượn on offer : khuyến

on behalf of : thay mặt cho, nhân danh on no account : khơng lí on the whole : nói chung on a diet : ăn kiêng on hire purchase : trả góp on a regular basis : đặn on the contrary : ngược lại

on good terms (with) : có quan hệ tốt (với) on the market : thị trường

on strike : đình cơng, bãi cơng on purpose : cố tình

on sale : giảm giá

on the increase : gia tăng

on the move/quiet : chuyển động, đứng yên on the verge of : chuẩn bị, sửa

on business : công tác

on duty : làm nhiệm vụ, trực on leave : nghỉ phép

(14)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

14 E.g

- On behalf of all men in the company, I wish you a happy Women’s Day

(Thay mặt cho anh em công ty, chúc chị em ngày Quốc tế Phụ nữ hạnh phúc.) - I didn’t pour water onto you on purpose It was just an accident

(Tơi khơng cố tình đổ nước vào anh Đó tai nạn.)

- You won’t see me at the company because I am on leave at the moment (Cô gặp tơi cơng ty tơi nghỉ phép.)

6 OUT OF

out of date : lạc hậu, lỗi thời out of doors : trời

out of order : bị hỏng (máy móc) out of reach : ngồi tầm với out of stock : hết (trong cửa hàng) out of work : thất nghiệp

out of breath : hụt out of sight : khơng nhìn thấy out of mind : khơng nghĩ tới

out of control : ngồi tầm kiểm sốt, khơng kiểm sốt out of danger : hiểm

out of focus : mờ, nhịe out of luck : rủi ro

out of practice : không rèn luyện, bỏ thực tập out of the question : khả

out of fashion : lỗi mốt out of office : mãn nhiệm out of the ordinary : phi thường out of the way : không sử dụng E.g

- I had to leave the office because our photocopier was out of order (Tôi phải rời khỏi văn phịng máy phơ tơ bị hỏng.)

- These children are very mischievous They are completely out of control

(Những đứa trẻ vô hiếu động Hồn tồn khơng thể kiểm sốt chúng.) - Some colors like black and white never go out of fashion

(Những màu trắng đen không lỗi mốt.)

7 IN

in pain : đau đớn in love : yêu in doubt : nghi ngờ in office : đương nhiệm in fact : thực tế

in reality : thật ra, thực tế in advance : trước

in comparison with : so sánh với in the early stage : ban đầu in favour of : thích, đồng ý, ủng hộ

in good/poor condition : tốt/đã cũ nát in high spirit : phấn chấn

(15)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

15 in comfort : dễ chịu

in demand : có nhu cầu in dispute : bàn cãi in distress : khốn khó in debt : nợ nần

in difficulties : gặp khó khăn in prison : tù

in public : chỗ đông người, công cộng in private : chỗ riêng tư

in ink/pencil : mực, bút chì

in the balance : không chắn, dự, lưỡng lự in all likelihood : chắn

in answer to : để trả lời cho in response to : để đáp lại in any case : dù in charge of : phụ trách

in moderation : điều độ in fashion : hợp mốt in silence : im lặng in harmony : hòa thuận

in jeopardy : lâm vào cảnh nguy hiẻm in theory : lí thuyết

in other words : nói cách khác in trouble : gặp rắc rối

in turn : đổi lại

in danger : gặp nguy hiểm in a hurry : vội

in common : giống in general : nói chung in particular : nói riêng in secret : bí mật in tears : khóc in focus : rõ nét

E.g

- She has just fallen off her bike She is clearly in a lot of pain (Con bé vừa bị ngã xe đạp Rõ ràng đau.)

- It’s cheaper if you book the tickets in advance (Nếu bạn đặt trước vé rẻ đấy.) - Some animals are in danger of extinction (Một số lồi động vật có nguy tuyệt chủng.)

- They are very different from each other They have nothing in common (Họ khác Họ chẳng có điểm chung.)

8 UNDER

under age : chưa đến tuổi trưởng thành under control : bị kiểm soát, kiếm soát under a law : theo luật

under pressure : chịu áp lực under repair : sửa chữa under stress : bị căng thẳng under suspicion : bị nghi ngờ

under … circumstances : hoàn cảnh … under cover of : vẻ

under the impression that : có ấn tượng under the influence : chịu ảnh hưởng under an obligation : bị bắt buộc under construction : xây dựng under observation : bị theo dõi E.g

- Under pressure from her parents, she had to marry a man she even didn’t know

(16)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

16 - You shouldn’t, under any circumstances, tell her the truth It may hurt her

(Trong hoàn cảnh bạn khơng nên nói cho thật Nó làm cô bị tổn thương.) - I was under the impression that I had met him before

(Tơi có ấn tượng tơi gặp anh trước đó.)

9 WITH

with the exception of : ngoại trừ with intent to : có { định

with regard to : xét with a view to : nhằm để E.g

- With regard to solving this problem, I think his way is the best

(Xét giải pháp cho vấn đề này, nghĩ giải pháp tốt nhất.) - He donated a lot of money with a view to helping the poor

(Anh ta khuyên góp nhiều tiền để giúp người nghèo.)

10 WITHIN

within the law : theo luật, luật within reach : tầm với

E.g

- He was found not guilty because he did everything within the law

(Anh ta kết luận vô tội tất việc làm pháp luật.) - Position the shelves so that the books are within reach of your desk

(Đặt giá sách cho sách tầm với so với bàn bạn.)

11 WITHOUT

without delay : không chậm trễ without warning : không báo trước without exception : không ngoại trừ without a word : khơng lời

without doubt : khơng nghi ngờ E.g

- I demand that these packages be delivered without delay

(Tơi u cầu gói hàng cần chuyển không chậm trễ) - He left without a word

(Anh bỏ mà không nói lời.)

Pronouns

(17)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

17

Subject Pronouns (Đại từ định)

(1)

Object Pronouns (Đại từ tân ngữ)

(2)

Possessive adjective (Tính

từ sở hữu) (3)

Possessive Pronouns (Đại từ sở hữu)

(4)

Reflexive Pronouns (Đại từ phản

thân) (5)

SINGULAR (Số ít)

I Me My Mine Myself

You You Your Yours Yourself

He Him His His” Himself

She Her Her Hers Herself

It It Its Its” Itself

PLURAL (Sô nhiều)

We Us Our Ours Ourselves

You You Your Yours Yourselves

They Them Their Theirs themselves

* CÁCH SỬ DỤNG:

- Cột 1 (Đại từ định: I/you/he/she/it): Có thể chủ ngữ động từ (Đứng trước động từ làm Chủ Ngữ) Ví dụ: They have lived here for years (Họđã sống ởđâyđược năm rồi.)

- Cột 2 (Đại từ tân ngữ: me/you/him/her/it):

==> Tân ngữ đối tượng nhận tác động hành động + Tân ngữ có thể tân ngữ trực tiếp động từ

Ví dụ: I like it (Tơi thích nó)

+ Tân ngữ có thể tân ngữ gián tiếp động từ

Ví dụ: Kate gives me some money (Kate đưa cho tơi tiền.)

+ Tân ngữ có thể tân ngữ giới từ:

Ví dụ: We could it without them. (Khơng có họ chúng tơi làm việc đó)

(18)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

18 • Tính từ sở hữu + danh từ

Ví dụ: Please submit your application (Làm ơn hãy nộp đơn xin việc của bạn)

- Cột 4 (Đại từ sở hữu: mine/yours/hers/his”/ours/ yours/ theirs/its”): ĐTSH = TTSH + N

==> THAY THẾ CHO DANH TỪ NÀO ĐĨ ĐÃ NHẮC ĐẾN PHÍA TRƯỚC

• Đại từ sở hữu = Tính từ sở hữu + Danh từ

Ví dụ: This is our room = this is ours (Đây phòng chúng tôi)

- Cột 5 (Đại từ phản thân: myself/yourself/himself/herself/itself/ourselves/yourselves/themselves): Chú ý: “ourselves, yourselves, themselves” hình thức số nhiều

+ Đại từ phản thân làm tân ngữ động từ chủ ngữ tân ngữ người: Ví dụ: I cut myself (Tự tơi cắt)

+ Đại từ phản thân sử dụng trường hợp sau động từ + giới từ: Ví dụ: He spoke to himself. (Anh tự nhủ)

Look after yourself (Hãy tựchăm sóc thân)

+ Đại từ phản thân được sử dụng đại từ nhấn mạnh danh từ (chúng đặt sau danh từ đại từ)

Ví dụ: I myself cut my hand (Chính tay tơi cắt tay tơi) I saw Tom himself. (Tơi nhìn thấy Tom)

+ Đại từ phản thân được sử dụng tân ngữ sau giới từ: Ví dụ: I did it by myself. ( Tự tơi mua nó)

A CÁCH LÀM BÀI TẬP (MẸO LÀM NHANH):

- TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N ==> CHỌN TTSH

==>NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU KHƠNG CĨ DANH TỪ ==> LOẠI TTSH

(19)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

19

==> LOẠI CHỦ NGỮ

- Giới từ + TTSH + N/Cụm N

- On/of TTSH + own/Behalf (VD: on your/their own/behalf)

==> On TTSH Behalf: Thay mặt

- by ĐTPT(ĐIỀU KIỆN: ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG K CÓ DANH TỪ) (VD: by themselves/yourselves/himself)

- TTSH own N (VD: her/your own business)

- in order for/Both of + Tân ngữ (VD: in order for/both of them/him)

- find/make (+ Tân ngữ) + adj

- familiar ĐTPT/TÂN NGỮ with (VD: familiar himself/him with)

- protect ĐTPT/TÂN NGỮ from/against (VD: protect you/yourself from/against) - prove ĐTPT (VD: prove itself)

- show ĐTPT (VD: show itself)

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH THƯỜNG ĐÚNG 80 90%: Trong đáp án mà băn khoăn giữa TÂN NGỮ ĐTPT (sau loại TTSH CHỦ NGỮ rồi)

==> Xem câu có N người:

+ Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn TÂN NGỮ

+ Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn ĐTPT

B BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG:

(20)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

20 (A) her

(B) she (C) hers (D) herself

2 As demand for - wheat-based products falls, local producers earn less and the total income of the country declines

(A) they (B) their (C) themselves (D) theirs

3 The company is experiencing significant growth and is looking to add a new member to - staff immediately (A) they

(B) them (C) their (D) themselves

4 Travelers are advised to send - requests for which room they would like at the hotel as soon as possible (A) themselves

(B) they (C) their (D) them

5 Ms Miriam is getting ready to go on - business trip to Japan (A) her

(B) hers (C) herself (D) she

6 Don’t hesitate to approach Mr Yennings if you would like to ask - about the upcoming conference (A) he

(B) his (C) him (D) himself

(21)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

21 (A) she

(B) hers (C) herself (D) her own

8 The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own (A) their

(B) theirs (C) they (D) them

9 Drivers are asked to park their cars by - rather than using a valet parking system (A) they

(B) their (C) them (D) themselves

10 Dr Elizabeth Kay was by … until the arrival of Dr Ian DeSilva at 8:30 a.m (A) her

(B) herself (C) she (D) hers

11 Those who have questions concerning fringe benefits are advised to consult - employee handbook (A) their

(B) they (C) themselves (D) theirs

12 Mr Kun Spenza appears to be the only person in our team who can finish the survey by A he

B him C his C himself

(22)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

22 A they

B them C themselves D their

14 Thank you for offering me a position with the company I wish to work for, and I really appreciate the efforts you’ve made on -behalf

(A) I (B) my (C) me (D) mine

15 Considering the failure of system to other adequate support, we might have to provide refunds to our customers

A us B ours C ourselves D our

16 Our skilled and expertenced service representatives will be able to resolve any problems you might encounter by

A himself B herself C itself D themselves

17 Ms Cordova was struggling to successfully complete the task assigned to her by - (A) herself

(B) he (C) hers (D) she

18 Most of the employees are entitled to a maximum of one hour for a lunch break, depending on… assigned work schedule

(23)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

23 (D) ourselves

19 The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own (A) their

20 The company is going to carry out the proposal based on the information provided in your letter of intent, so please submit …………application under this note

(A) you (B) your (C) yourself (D) yours

21 As soon as the shipment of computer equipment comes in, …….will ship it to you promptly (A) we

(B) us (C) our (D) ourselves

22 The head of the marketing attributed success in the overseas market to …… motivated and hard-working employees (A) them

(B) they (C) itself (D) its

23 - habitually answers incoming phone calls and signs for packages while in the office (A) She

(B) Her (C) Hers (D) Herself

23 Drivers are required to carry - liability insurance policy at all times in their cars in case of an accident (A) their

(24)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

24 (D) themselves

24 PT Electronics has proved………capable of achieving impressive revenues just in the first quarter (A) it

(B) themselves (C) those (D) itself

25 In order for - to provide the necessary benefits, dentists associated with the university’s insurance policies must be shown a valid student ID card

(A) those (B) them (C) their (D) that

26 Mr Whatley unintentionally took Ms Potvin’s timetable, thinking it was… (A) him

(B) himself (C) his (D) he

27 When interviewed, Beverley Kirkpatrick explained that an inquisitive as a child made - interested in studying journalism

(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself

28 Mr.Hoa prefers to his small company's bookkeeping instead of hiring an accountant A he

B his C him D himself

29 The Blackwell KV, part of our newest series of headphones, is the most advanced model of - kind (A) its

(25)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

25 (C) your

(D) their

30 It is a common misconception that running anti-virus software programs and keeping them up to date is enough to protect - from viruses

(A) your (B) yours (C) you (D) you're

31 The two divisions have unveiled - plan to set aside millions of dollars to invest in a very lucrative field (A) they

(B) them (C) their (D) those

32 This plan outlines the topics - plan to discuss at this afternoon’s staff meeting (A) my

(B) me (C) I (D) mine

33 Since she’s running late for - meeting downtown, Ms Joyce will have to catch a taxi (A) she

(B) her (C) hers (D) herself

34 Califomia employers should familiarize - with significant labor and employment laws passed by the Legislature in 2000

(A) they (B) themselves (C) theirs (D) their

(26)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

26 (B) his own

(C) himself (D) him

36 The cheif at the new restaurant across the street has been praised for - unusual yet delicious recipes" (A) he

(B) his (C) him (D) himself

37 Yolanda was highly praised for having renovated the company website largely on - (A) she

(B) her (C) herself (D) her own

38 Ms.A has been giving thought to managing ………business for her past few months (A) she

39 The sales manager has asked mr Johnson to send -the final report of the quarterly sales figures by the end of the week

(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself

40 The manager has asked mr Lim to submit - final report on the sales of the washing machine by april 30 (A) he

(B) him (C) his (D) himself

(27)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

27 (A) them

(B) their own (C) themselves (D) they

42 Mr Wasserman has held various senior executive positions in several companies throughout - 30-year career and now serves as the Chief Financial Officer for sportswear manufacturer, Ness Nostalgia Co

(A) him (B) himself (C) his (D) he

43 Until Mr Mato and Mrs Kaori moved to the newly renovated offices, both of ……… used temporary office space

(A) they (B) their (C) theirs (D) them

44 The author's comments are considered -own and are not necessarily reflective of the view of the magazine publisher

(A) she (B) hers (C) herself (D) her

45 The newspaper editor, Mr Lim has invited a distinguished architect to write about Famous buildings (A) him

(B) himself (C) his (D) he

46 Kevin Garnett has shown -to be one of the most talented players (A) he

(28)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

28 47 Although the staff has grow, Mr.Lee continues to conduct all client meetings ………

(A) he (B) him (C) himself (D) his

48 Dr T has been chosen to accecpt ………award on behalf of the development team A us

B ours C we D our

49 Mr K started ……… priting business 25 years ago in Punsan (A) he

(B) him (C) himself (D) his

50 Employees must return to …………work stations immediately after the lunch break (A) they

(B) their (C) theirs (D) them

51 Since the telephones in the conference room are not working, a technician has been called in to fix……… (A) they

(B) their (C) them (D) themselves

52 Automoble mechanics……… have not kept up with these changes have left or been forced out of the industry A themselves

(29)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

29 53 I have noticed that when the boss is away, employees like to relax and enjoy

(A) myself (B) ourselves (C) himself (D) themselves

54 The secretary must advise of the schedule changes by the end of the month A themselves

B theirs C their D them

ĐÁP ÁN:

1 Ms Kim asks that the marketing team e-mail the final draft to - before p.m (A) her

(B) she (C) hers (D) herself

(A) they (B) their (C) themselves (D) theirs

3 The company is experiencing significant growth and is looking to add a new member to - staff immediately (A) they

(B) them (C) their (D) themselves

(30)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

30 (A) themselves

(B) they (C) their (D) them

5 Ms Miriam is getting ready to go on - business trip to Japan (A) her

(B) hers (C) herself (D) she

(B) his (C) him (D) himself

7 Three weeks after Ms Kanes was hired , - had to move to Singapore (A) she

8 The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own (A) their

(B) their (C) them (D) themselves

(31)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

31 (A) her

(B) herself (C) she (D) hers

11 Those who have questions concerning fringe benefits are advised to consult - employee handbook (A) their

(B) they (C) themselves (D) theirs

B him C his C himself

13 It seems that laborers in underdeveloped countries would rather have their children help at work than enroll them in school

A they B them C themselves D their

(A) I (B) my (C) me (D) mine

(32)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

32 16 Our skilled and expertenced service representatives will be able to resolve any problems you might encounter by

A himself B herself C itself D themselves

17 Ms Cordova was struggling to successfully complete the task assigned to her by - (A) herself

(B) he (C) hers (D) she

(A) ours (B) their (C) theirs (D) ourselves

19 The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own (A) their

(A) you (B) your (C) yourself (D) yours

21 As soon as the shipment of computer equipment comes in, …….will ship it to you promptly (A) we

(33)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

33 (D) ourselves

22 The head of the marketing attributed success in the overseas market to …… motivated and hard-working employees (A) them

(B) they (C) itself (D) its

23 - habitually answers incoming phone calls and signs for packages while in the office (A) She

(B) Her (C) Hers (D) Herself

23 Drivers are required to carry - liability insurance policy at all times in their cars in case of an accident (A) their

(B) theirs (C) they (D) themselves

(B) themselves (C) those (D) itself

(A) those (B) them (C) their (D) that

(34)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

34 (D) he

(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself

28 Mr.Hoa prefers to his small company's bookkeeping instead of hiring an accountant A he

B his C him D himself

29 The Blackwell KV, part of our newest series of headphones, is the most advanced model of - kind (A) its

(B) our (C) your (D) their

30 It is a common misconception that running anti-virus software programs and keeping them up to date is enough to protect - from viruses

(A) your (B) yours (C) you (D) you're

(B) them (C) their (D) those

(35)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

35 (C) I

(D) mine

(B) her (C) hers (D) herself

34 Califomia employers should familiarize - with significant labor and employment laws passed by the Legislature in 2000

(A) they (B) themselves (C) theirs (D) their

35 Mr Ho had to complete the client research report by - over the weekend (A) he

(B) his own (C) himself (D) him

36 The cheif at the new restaurant across the street has been praised for - unusual yet delicious recipes" (A) he

(B) his (C) him (D) himself

37 Yolanda was highly praised for having renovated the company website largely on - (A) she

(B) her (C) herself (D) her own

38 Ms.A has been giving thought to managing ………business for her past few months (A) she

(36)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

36 (C) herself

(D) her own

39 The sales manager has asked mr Johnson to send -the final report of the quarterly sales figures by the end of the week

(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself

40 The manager has asked mr Lim to submit - final report on the sales of the washing machine by april 30 (A) he

(B) him (C) his (D) himself

41 The associated press interviewed six people who restored power to their homes on -two of whom showed the ap how it is done

(A) them (B) their own (C) themselves (D) they

42 Mr Wasserman has held various senior executive positions in several companies throughout - 30-year career and now serves as the Chief Financial Officer for sportswear manufacturer, Ness Nostalgia Co

(A) him (B) himself (C) his (D) he

43 Until Mr Mato and Mrs Kaori moved to the newly renovated offices, both of ……… used temporary office space

(A) they (B) their (C) theirs (D) them

(37)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

37 (A) she

(B) hers (C) herself (D) her

45 The newspaper editor, Mr Lim has invited a distinguished architect to write about Famous buildings (A) him

(B) himself (C) his (D) he

46 Kevin Garnett has shown -to be one of the most talented players (A) he

(B) him (C) himself (D) his

47 Although the staff has grow, Mr.Lee continues to conduct all client meetings ……… (A) he

(B) him (C) himself (D) his

48 Dr T has been chosen to accecpt ………award on behalf of the development team A us

B ours C we D our

49 Mr K started ……… priting business 25 years ago in Punsan (A) he

(B) him (C) himself (D) his

(38)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

38 (A) they

(B) their (C) theirs (D) them

51 Since the telephones in the conference room are not working, a technician has been called in to fix……… (A) they

(B) their (C) them (D) themselves

52 Automoble mechanics……… have not kept up with these changes have left or been forced out of the industry A themselves

B Who C Whose D They

53 I have noticed that when the boss is away, employees like to relax and enjoy (A) myself

(B) ourselves (C) himself (D) themselves

54 The secretary must advise of the schedule changes by the end of the month A themselves

B theirs C their D them

GIẢI CHI TIẾT:

1 Ms Kim asks that the marketing team e-mail the final draft to - before p.m (A) her

(39)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

39 (D) herself

Giải: C1:

==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU KHƠNG CÓ DANH TỪ ==> Loại TTSH

==> Her vừa TÂN NGỮ vừa TTSH ==> Loại trường hợp TTSH

==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU KHƠNG CĨ ĐỘNG TỪ ==> Loại CHỦ NGỮ

==> Loại B

==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N

==> THAY THẾ CHO DANH TỪ NÀO ĐĨ ĐÃ NHẮC ĐẾN PHÍA TRƯỚC ==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N = Her + the final draft

==> Loại C k hợp nghĩa

==> Đại từ phản thân (herself/himself/ myself ) đứng làm tân ngữ chủ từ tác động lên hành động lẫn tân ngữ người

==> người gửi mail the marketing team " her" nên ko chọn D ==> Cần TÂN NGỮ

==> Đáp án A

C2:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH THƯỜNG ĐÚNG 80 90%: Trong đáp án mà băn khoăn TÂN NGỮ ĐTPT (sau loại TTSH CHỦ NGỮ rồi)

==> Xem câu có N người

==> Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn TÂN NGỮ ==> Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn ĐTPT

==> Trong câu ta băn khoăn đáp án (A: Tân ngữ) (D: Đại từ phản thân) ==> Mà câu có N người (the marketing team) (Mr Kim)

(40)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

(A) they (B) their (C) themselves (D) theirs Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (wheat-based products) ==> CHỌN TTSH

==> Đáp án B

3 The company is experiencing significant growth and is looking to add a new member to - staff immediately

(A) they (B) them (C) their (D) themselves Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (staff) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án C

4 Travelers are advised to send - requests for which room they would like at the hotel as soon as possible (A) themselves

(B) they (C) their (D) them Giải:

- Request vừa DANH TỪ vừa ĐỘNG TỪ - Vì trước chỗ trống ĐỘNG TỪ send ==> Request N

(41)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

41 Ms Miriam is getting ready to go on - business trip to Japan

(A) her (B) hers (C) herself (D) she Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (business trip) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án A

(B) his (C) him (D) himself Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: Cấu trúc: ASK + SomeBody(TÂN NGỮ) + about/to V ==> Đáp án C

7 Three weeks after Ms Kanes was hired , - had to move to Singapore (A) she

(B) hers (C) herself (D) her own Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: Đằng sau chỗ trống V ==> Cần CHỦ NGỮ

==> Đáp án A

(42)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

42 (A) their

(B) theirs (C) they (D) them Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: On + TTSH + own ==> Đáp án A

(B) their (C) them (D) themselves Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: By + ĐTPT ==> Đáp án D

10 Dr Elizabeth Kay was by … until the arrival of Dr Ian DeSilva at 8:30 a.m (A) her

(B) herself (C) she (D) hers Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: By + ĐTPT ==> Đáp án B

11 Those who have questions concerning fringe benefits are advised to consult - employee handbook (A) their

(43)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

43 (D) theirs

Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (employee) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án A

B him C his D himself Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: By + ĐTPT ==> Đáp án D

13 It seems that laborers in underdeveloped countries would rather have their children help at work than enroll them in school

A they B them C themselves D their Giải: C1:

==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU KHƠNG CĨ DANH TỪ ==> Loại TTSH

==> Loại D

==> Loại A

==> Loại C k hợp nghĩa

== > Sau “help” TÂN NGỮ ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN

(44)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

44 nước phát triển muốn giúp CHÍNH CON CÁI MÌNH nơi làm việc đến trường ==> Khơng hợp nghĩa

==> Cần TÂN NGỮ (them = laborers) ==> Đáp án B

C2:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH THƯỜNG ĐÚNG 80 90%: Trong đáp án mà băn khoăn TÂN NGỮ ĐTPT (sau loại TTSH CHỦ NGỮ rồi)

==> Xem câu có N người

==> Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn TÂN NGỮ ==> Nếu câu có N người ==> Chọn ĐTPT

==> Trong câu ta băn khoăn đáp án (B: Tân ngữ) (C: Đại từ phản thân) ==> Mà câu có N người (their children) (laborers)

==> Chọn TÂN NGỮ ==> Đáp án B

(A) I (B) my (C) me (D) mine Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: On TTSH Behalf: Thay mặt ==> Đáp án B

(45)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

45 Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (system) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án D

16 Our skilled and expertenced service representatives will be able to resolve any problems you might encounter by

A himself B herself C itself D themselves Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: By + ĐTPT

==> Chủ thể là: “Our skilled and expertenced service representatives” ==> Số nhiều nên loại ABC (Số ít)

==> Đáp án D

17 Ms Cordova was struggling to successfully complete the task assigned to her by - (A) herself

(B) he (C) hers (D) she Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: By + ĐTPT ==> Đáp án A

(46)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

46 Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: Giới từ + TTSH + N/Cụm N (assigned work) ==> Vì sau GIỚI TỪ (For) + N/Ving ==> Sau “ON” chắn “CỤM N” ==> Chọn TTSH

==> Đáp án B

19 The report shows that builders reserve the right to control the volume of the construction project on……… own

(A) their (B) theirs (C) they (D) them Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: On + TTSH + own ==> Đáp án A

(A) you (B) your (C) yourself (D) yours Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (system) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án B

21 As soon as the shipment of computer equipment comes in, …….will ship it to you promptly (A) we

(47)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

47 Giải:

==> Đáp án A

22 The head of the marketing attributed success in the overseas market to …… motivated and hard-working employees

(A) them (B)they (C) itself (D) its Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: Giới từ + TTSH + N/Cụm N (motivated and hard-working employees) ==> Vì sau GIỚI TỪ (For) + N/Ving ==> Sau “TO” chắn “CỤM N”

==> Chọn TTSH ==> Đáp án B

23 - habitually answers incoming phone calls and signs for packages while in the office (A) She

(B) Her (C) Hers (D) Herself Giải:

==> Đáp án A

23 Drivers are required to carry - liability insurance policy at all times in their cars in case of an accident (A) their

(48)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

48 (D) themselves

Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (liability insurance polic) ==> CHỌN TTSH

==> Đáp án A

(B) themselves (C) those (D) itself Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: prove ĐTPT ==> Chủ thể VẬT

==> Đáp án D

(A) those (B) them (C) their (D) that Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: in order for + Tân ngữ ==> Đáp án B

(49)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

49 Giải:

==> Loại D

==> B Đại từ phản thân,chỉ dùng muốn nhấn mạnh việc ơng làm (Hay câu có N người ==> loại ĐTPT)

==> Loại B

==> A đại từ tân ngữ he, khơng thể nói “timetable” ơng ==> Loại A

==> His vừa ĐTSH vừa TTSH ==> Loại trường hợp TTSH ==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N

==> THAY THẾ CHO DANH TỪ NÀO ĐĨ ĐÃ NHẮC ĐẾN PHÍA TRƯỚC ==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N = His timetable

==> Đáp án C (Ơng Whatley vơ tình cầm lấy thời gian biểu bà Potvin nghĩ thời gian biểu ông ấy)

(A) she (B) her (C) hers (D) herself Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: find/make + O + adj ==> Đáp án B

28 Even with our detailed website, many customers prefer to visit our store locations and see the products for -

(50)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

50 (B) their

(C) theirs (D) themselves Giải:

==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU KHƠNG CÓ ĐỘNG TỪ ==> Loại CHỦ NGỮ

==> Loại A

==> Loại B

==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N

==> THAY THẾ CHO DANH TỪ NÀO ĐĨ ĐÃ NHẮC ĐẾN PHÍA TRƯỚC ==> ĐTSH = TTSH + N = their products

==> KHÔNG AI NĨI LÀ: Thậm chí với trang web chi tiết chúng tơi, nhiều khách hàng thích đến địa điểm hàng xem sản phẩm CHO NHỮNG SẢN PHẨM CỦA HỌ :3

==> Đáp án D (Thậm chí với trang web chi tiết chúng tơi, nhiều khách hàng thích đến địa điểm hàng tự xem sản phẩm họ)

29 The Blackwell KV, part of our newest series of headphones, is the most advanced model of - kind (A) its

(B) our (C) your (D) their Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: Giới từ + TTSH + N/Cụm N ==> Vì sau GIỚI TỪ (of) + N/Ving (kind)

==> kind DANH TỪ ==> Chọn TTSH

==> chủ thể hành động là: “The Blackwell KV” ==> VẬT

(51)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

51 30 It is a common misconception that running anti-virus software programs and keeping them up to date is enough to protect - from viruses

(A) your (B) yours (C) you (D) you're Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: protect ĐTPT/TÂN NGỮ from/against ==> Đáp án C

(B) them (C) their (D) those Giải:

- PLAN vừa DANH TỪ vừa ĐỘNG TỪ - Vì trước chỗ trống ĐỘNG TỪ (unveiled) ==> PLAN N

==> Chọn TTSH ==> Đáp án C

(B) me (C) I (D) mine Giải:

(52)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

52 ==> PLAN ĐỘNG TỪ

==> Chọn CHỦ NGỮ

==> Ở câu sử dụng rút gọn đại từ quan hệ WHICH thay cho danh từ vật vị trí tân ngữ Câu đầy đủ:

This plan outlines the topics (which) I plan to discuss at this afternoon’s staff meeting

==> Đáp án C

(B) her (C) hers (D) herself Giải:

==> MẸO LÀM NHANH: TTSH + N ==> NHÌN ĐẰNG SAU CHỖ TRỐNG LÀ N/CỤM N (meeting) ==> CHỌN TTSH ==> Đáp án B

LUYỆN TẬP TỪ LOẠI TRONG ĐỀ THI TOIEC -*** -

A BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG:

1 Ms Lanes, one of our company’s most skilled negotiators, was -in closing the deal with Shane Entertainment Inc

(A) instrument (B) instrumental (C) instrumentation (D) instrumentally

2 According to the corporate employee handbook, appropriate attire is required at all - when inside the office

(53)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

53 (B) times

(C) timing (D) timely

3 Headers who contribute - to the Daily Voice opinion section will be listed as guest columnists (A) regular

(B) regulars (C) regularly (D) regularity

4 All potential candidates applying for this position must have at least six years of - experience in the automobile industry

(A) apply (B) applies (C) applicable (D) applicability

5 Please pull up to the front gate once you arrive, where our guest relations manager will - escort you to your room

(A) glad (B) gladly (C) be glad (D) be gladdened

6 Thanks to the successful launch of its latest model, Alberto Camera’s year-end - is projected to be the highest it has been in ten years

(A) profit (B) profited (C) profitable (D) profitably

8 A new schedule has been proposed as an - to the existing one in order to meet the deadline (A) alternative

(54)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

54 (D) altemativeness

9 Consultants from JNB argued that online - will be the most cost-effective way for The Bath Shop to attract younger customers

(A) market (B) marketed (C) marketing (D) marketable

10 Although they look - identical to the untrained eye, these two models of printers actually feature completely different options

(A) near (B) nearly (C) nearness (D) nearing

11 After conducting an - review of Dr Kaira’s proposal, the board of directors decided to provide full funding for the research project

(A) extent (B) extensive (C) extensiveness (D) extensively

12 Due to the high - of the newly acquired leasing division, the total revenue of the company recorded a sharp increase

(A) perform (B) performs (C) performer (D) performance

13 Dr Ortega regretfully informed the committee that he could not make it to the chairman's farewell party due to a scheduling -

(55)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

55 14 Shane Trading Co has hired a team of financial consultants to ensure that a fair - of funding takes place across all teams

(A) distribute (B) distributed (C) distribution (D) distributional

16 The professors retained their conservative stance, arguing that until further studies have been completed, the existing data must be interpreted very ,,,,, (A) caution

(B) cautious (C) cautiously (D) cautionary

17 Verizen’s new mobile phone has proven to be the most - model on the market due to its numerous useful application programs

(A) competitive (B) competitively (C) competition (D) competitor

18 Chloe argued that it will be - for Kissa Finance to consider entering into the Asian market before other competitors

(A) advantage (B) advantages (C) advantageous (D) advantaging

19 Students must present written - from a parent in case he/she needs to take a day oft from school (A) authorize

(B) authorizes (C) authorized (D) authorization

(56)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

56 (A) impress

(B) impresses (C) impressive (D) impressively

21 The bill for the power and electricity in our building can now be paid - through the Internet (A) electronics

(B) electricity (C) electronic (D) electronically

22 The financial analyst recommended that the JC Group proceed - with its M & A plans due to the high risk of the project's nature

(A) cautious (B) cautiously (C) cautioned (D) cautioning

23 Though this week's sales were relatively - , the stock price of Lina’s Toys continued to fall (A) high

(B) highly (C) height (D) heighten

24 Love Cruise has become the industry standard for - - on cruise ships due to their famous theatric performances

(A) entertained (B) to entertain (C) entertainment (D) entertainer

25 - one-third of his secretary's job involves administrative tasks, such as photocopying documents and scheduling conferences

(57)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

57 (C) Approximation

(D) Approximately

26 Of all the people who submitted a resume, Mr Bacon has the most … cover letter (A) impress

(B) impression (C) impressed (D) impressive

27 According to the recent survey conducted by a travel agency, a great ……….of respondents prefer to travel to familiar destinations than to unknown places

A major B majored

C majoring D majority

28 The sudden, dramatic fall of the stock price for Media yesterday was …………unexpected A complete

B completed C completely D completing

29 Thank you for showing an interest in us with our annual employee artwork program (A) assist

(B) assisted (C) assistance (D) assisting

30 Mannings Marketing is seeking - with its new customer relations promotion initiatives (A) assist

(B) assisted (C) assistant (D) assistance

(58)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

58 (A) directs

(B) directed (C) direction (D) directly

32 The sales force has expanded so rapidly this year that it will - be split into different teams next year (A) inevitable

(B) inevitability (C) inevitably (D) inevitable that

33 Nevada Jobfind Inc is planning to host a career fair for college graduates seeking - in the healthcare sector

(A) employ (B) employment (C) employee (D) employing

34 Our new manager, Jennifer Sasha, has a particularly - work style and brings a vibrant and exciting new perspective to our workplace

(A) distinctive (B) distinctively (C) distinctiveness (D) distinction

35 If you participate in online forums or attend events - you will get to know other members a lot better (A) regularly

(B) regular (C) regulars (D) regularity

36 All students interested in the seminar must sign up no later than July 23 in order to get - to attend it (A) permissible

(59)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

59 (D) permissive

37 The price reform bill has been proceeding - through Congress, resulting in a substantial increase in real energy prices

(A) steadiness (B) steadiest (C) steadily (D) steadies

39 AT&T Wireless announced a small but - increase in revenue in the third quarter, largely due to its new wireless models

(A) significant (B) signify (C) signifying (D) significantly

40 The information below is being provided in response to - requests for teleconference referrals (A) frequent

(B) frequented (C) frequenting (D) frequently

41 Your generous (a) - to the Global Conscience Initiative helps us further our mission to build a peace culture beyond borders

(60)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

60 42 He - delivers keynote speeches and holds workshops on customer satisfaction strategy and the building of profitable customer relationships

(A) regularize (B) regularity (C) regularities (D) regularly

43 The company's management has a firm belief that its strategic direction is sound and will continue to exceed shareholder

(A) expect (B) expected (C) expectations (D) expectedly

44 The head of the legal department is searching for experts who have a lot of experience with contract

A negotiates B Negotiator C Negotiations D Negotiable

45 Needs assessment can help you identify areas for improvement and ultimately help you realize your goals more -

(A) efficient (B) efficiency (C) efficiencies (D) efficiently

46 The application process is highly - with only 5% of applicants ultimately selected for positions

(A) competition (B) competitive (C) competitors (D) competitively

(61)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

61 (A) persuasive

(B) persuasively (C) persuade (D) persuasion

48 In order to reduce costs, Busan Consulting's - use of office space and equipment has been adopted by many local businesses

(A) economical (B) economy (C) economist (D) economize

49 We expect our sales to rise - to around $200 million over the next 24 months (A) sharp

(B) sharply (C) sharpen (D) sharpness

50 Your new coffee machine comes with detailed - which will help you use it more effectively (A) instruct

(B) instructing (C) instructions (D) instructional

51 All work will be discussed in detail before a written - is given to any client (A) estimate

(B) estimates (C) estimated (D) estimating

52 The office manager is - for supporting staff members and ensuring that their work is done efficiently

(62)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

62 (D) responsibly

53 DSC believes that we have a……….to our customers, to the communities where we work and where we business

(A) responsibly (B) responsible (C) responsibility (D) responsibilities

54 Efforts to sell government-owned corporations have been successful so far, and the privatization effort is moving ahead

(A) moderate (B) moderator (C) moderating (D) moderately

55 This booklet introduces you to a compact digital SLR camera, which is ideal for beginning and amateurs

(A) photographs (B) photography (C) photographic (D) photographers

56 The Silo House Restaurant will also be open this weekend, but anyone wanting to eat there should make ……… to ensur a seat

(A) reserving (B) reservations (C) reserve (D) reserved

57 Because of his outstanding work, Mr Tianfu Yang has been highly for The position of marketing director by the board of directors

(63)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

63 58 Ups guarantees the .of your important shipments from the U.S to more than 580 international cities

(A) deliverable (B) deliverer (C) deliver (D) delivery

59 Mr.Lim could solve the problem with the Sonya 468 software after reading the enclosed manual

(A) ease (B) easy (C) easily (D) eased

60 An .large number of our customers prefer the payment convenience of debit cards (A) increase

(B) increasing (C) increases (D) increasingly

61 Since pension benefits may be a major source of your retirement income, you should consider the following options before making your decision

A.care B.carefull C.carefully D.more carefully

62 Pioneer Steel guarantees that all information gathered through this website is strictly And used only by Pioneer Steel

A Confide B Confides C Confidential D Cinfidentially

(64)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

64 (A) receivable

(B) receiving (C) receive (D) receives

64 The Calgary Inn attaches importance to the - of its rooms and always offers good service at reasonable prices

A clean B cleanliness C cleanly D cleanest

65 Giessen is centrally located in Germany and can -be reached by plane, train, and car (A) easy

(B) easily (C) ease (D) easiness

66 Barbuda's economy remains -dependent on tourism and on visitors who fly to the islands from all over the world

(A) overwhelming (B) overwhelmingly (C) overwhelm (D) overwhelmed

67 The advisory committee - addressed the president's concerns about the new building project (A) effectively

(B) effect (C) effective (D) effectiveness

68.With more than 34 years of designing some of the most - buildings in Calgary, the reputation of the firm is well deserved

(65)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

65 (C) impress

(D) impressiveness

69 The Tl PH employees are - by their distinctive khaki uniforms and the special emblem on their uniforms and vehicles

A indentify B indentifies C indentity D indentfiable

70 Much of the expected boots is related to a transaction fax which has yet to receive final from Congress

A approving B approved C approval D approves

71 When the for this new safety policy was under consideration by the managers, a number of experts were asked for their comments

(A) proposing (B) propose (C) proposes (D) proposal

72 Empty boxes should be placed in the stockroom for…… A removable

B remover C removed D removal

73 we invite qualified professionals for urban project A renew

(66)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

66 74 With the upgrading of the company website to a simpler format, potential stockholders can find the information they seek more …………

(A) ease (B) easy (C) easily (D) eased

BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC DANH TỪ GHÉP/CỤM DANH TỪ GHÉP HAY GẶP TRONG ĐỀ THI TOEIC

-*** -

-Được trích biên soạn từ sách LUYỆN TOEIC tiếng bao gồm:

+ Eonomy 12345 + ETS RC + LC 1200 + ETS RC + LC 1000 + ETS RC 1000

(67)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

67

==> Cách học CỤM DANH TỪ (là CỤM kèm với không thay đổi được) TAKE NOTE lại thi GẶP LÀ OÁNH :v

1 The effects of affordable housing - in rural areas will be discussed at the conference

(A) develops (B) developing (C) development (D) developed

B renewed C renewal D renewing

3 The unions requested that they be offered subtantial …… increases equaling about 40,000 dollars a year A pay

B paied C paying D paily

4.Requirements for the open position include basic computer skills and managerial experience in sales (A) retailing

(B) retail (C) retailer (D) retailed

5 You are cordially invited to attend a -party thrown in honor of employees who have served the company for more than thirty years

(68)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

68 (C) retires

(D) retired

6 reviewers, I agree to the fact that there is more -for improvement, especially with respect to cleaning

(A) room (B) value (C) terms (D) gap

A negotiates B Negotiator C Negotiations D Negotiable

8 Hamas Investment placed an advertisement on temporary employment for certified financial advisors

A opens B openness C openings D opener

9 Sales - are encouraged to familiarize themselves with the location of various merchandise in the department store

(A) representational (B) represent (C) represents (D) representatives

10 Salary ——-—- are verified after an evaluation performed every six months after starting employment (A) increases

(69)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

69 11 Because of operating - Fayette Industries seeks to operate its manufacturing plants in only certain parts of the country

(A) values (B) profits (C) outcomes (D) costs

12 Rosewater Medical Center employs healthcare - affiliated with Huron University (A) professional

(B) profession (C) professionals (D) professionally

13 The latest training contains tips on teaching a second language to international students (A) method

(B) guide (C) staff (D) role

14 Even experienced clerks are encouraged to attend training to keep them updated on new Ideas in the world of banking

(A) materials (B) sessions (C) experiences

15 The continuing spread of office automation has increase worker……… ,resulting in job consolidation and lower demand for accounting clerks

A produce B to produce C productively D productivity

16 As an administrative assistant, you are responsible for ordering office………… such as pens, papers, ink cartridges, and staplers

(70)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

70 C supplies

D members

17 Since Mr Kane is on vacation until next week, all product - should be made to Mr Park in the customer service department

(A) problems (B) concepts (C) inquiries (D) suggestion

18 The awards - will begin at approximately 6:00 this evening, at which time winners are requested to be present to receive their awards

(A) ceremony (B) advice (C) product (D) invention

19 As a manager, you are also responsible for maintaining a work -that is comfortable and ergonomically safe

(A) environment (B) participation (C) reaction (D) incident

20 Mountain Equipment Co-op has deeply discounted their winter items to - room for the new spring merchandise

(A) making (B) make (C) makes (D) made

22 Whether you’re interested in the MCSE, CIW, or the CCNA, lasalle Computer Learning Center offers the computer -that can help you reach your career goals

(71)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

71 D.Training

21 Office - are ordered through the central purchasing department and are typically delivered the next business day

(A) supplies (B) supplied (C) supplier (D) supply

23 All sales representatives should know - - information about the product they are selling and be able to answer any questions

(A) approached (B) detailed (C) probable (D) loyal

24 The vegetarian diet is more likely to meet the government - for fat, carbohydrate, and protein than a non- vegetarian diet

(A) recommendations (B) recommeding (C) recommended (D) recommendable

CONTINUE………!!!!!!!

HÓNG TIẾP NHA CÁC BẠN :D

B ĐÁP ÁN:

1 Ms Lanes, one of our company’s most skilled negotiators, was -in closing the deal with Shane Entertainment Inc

(A) instrument

(B) instrumental

(72)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

72 According to the corporate employee handbook, appropriate attire is required at all - when inside the office

(A) time

(B) times

(C) timing (D) timely

3 Headers who contribute - to the Daily Voice opinion section will be listed as guest columnists (A) regular

(B) regulars

(C) regularly

(D) regularity

4 All potential candidates applying for this position must have at least six years of - experience in the automobile industry

(A) apply (B) applies

(C) applicable

(D) applicability

5 Please pull up to the front gate once you arrive, where our guest relations manager will - escort you to your room

(A) glad

(B) gladly

(C) be glad (D) be gladdened

6 Thanks to the successful launch of its latest model, Alberto Camera’s year-end - is projected to be the highest it has been in ten years

(A) profit

(B) profited (C) profitable (D) profitably

8 A new schedule has been proposed as an - to the existing one in order to meet the deadline

(73)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

73 (B) altematives

(C) alternatively (D) altemativeness

9 Consultants from JNB argued that online - will be the most cost-effective way for The Bath Shop to attract younger customers

(A) market (B) marketed

(C) marketing

(D) marketable

10 Although they look - identical to the untrained eye, these two models of printers actually feature completely different options

(A) near

(B) nearly

(C) nearness (D) nearing

11 After conducting an - review of Dr Kaira’s proposal, the board of directors decided to provide full funding for the research project

(A) extent

(B) extensive

(C) extensiveness (D) extensively

12 Due to the high - of the newly acquired leasing division, the total revenue of the company recorded a sharp increase

(A) perform (B) performs (C) performer

(D) performance

13 Dr Ortega regretfully informed the committee that he could not make it to the chairman's farewell party due to a scheduling -

(A) conflict

(74)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

74 (C) conflicted

(D) conflicting

14 Shane Trading Co has hired a team of financial consultants to ensure that a fair - of funding takes place across all teams

(A) distribute (B) distributed

(C) distribution

(D) distributional

16 The professors retained their conservative stance, arguing that until further studies have been completed, the existing data must be interpreted very ,,,,, (A) caution

(B) cautious

(C) cautiously

(D) cautionary

17 Verizen’s new mobile phone has proven to be the most - model on the market due to its numerous useful application programs

(A) competitive

(B) competitively (C) competition (D) competitor

18 Chloe argued that it will be - for Kissa Finance to consider entering into the Asian market before other competitors

(A) advantage (B) advantages

(C) advantageous

(D) advantaging

19 Students must present written - from a parent in case he/she needs to take a day oft from school (A) authorize

(75)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

75

(D) authorization

20 The poster for our newly launched computer product was created by Innovative Ads, lnc., an - advertising company

(A) impress (B) impresses

(C) impressive

(D) impressively

21 The bill for the power and electricity in our building can now be paid - through the Internet (A) electronics

(B) electricity (C) electronic

(D) electronically

22 The financial analyst recommended that the JC Group proceed - with its M & A plans due to the high risk of the project's nature

(A) cautious

(B) cautiously

(C) cautioned (D) cautioning

23 Though this week's sales were relatively - , the stock price of Lina’s Toys continued to fall

(A) high

(B) highly (C) height (D) heighten

24 Love Cruise has become the industry standard for - - on cruise ships due to their famous theatric performances

(A) entertained (B) to entertain

(C) entertainment

(D) entertainer

(76)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

76 (A) Approximate

(B) Approximating (C) Approximation

(D) Approximately

26 Of all the people who submitted a resume, Mr Bacon has the most … cover letter (A) impress

(B) impression (C) impressed

(D) impressive

27 According to the recent survey conducted by a travel agency, a great ……….of respondents prefer to travel to familiar destinations than to unknown places

A major B majored

C majoring

D majority

28 The sudden, dramatic fall of the stock price for Media yesterday was …………unexpected A complete

B completed

C completely

D completing

29 Thank you for showing an interest in us with our annual employee artwork program (A) assist

(B) assisted (C) assistance

(D) assisting

30 Mannings Marketing is seeking - with its new customer relations promotion initiatives (A) assist

(77)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

77

(D) assistance

31 Drexel’s Paints imports most of its watercolor-related products - from England (A) directs

(B) directed (C) direction

(D) directly

32 The sales force has expanded so rapidly this year that it will - be split into different teams next year (A) inevitable

(B) inevitability

(C) inevitably

(D) inevitable that

33 Nevada Jobfind Inc is planning to host a career fair for college graduates seeking - in the healthcare sector

(A) employ

(B) employment

(C) employee (D) employing

34 Our new manager, Jennifer Sasha, has a particularly - work style and brings a vibrant and exciting new perspective to our workplace

(A) distinctive

(B) distinctively (C) distinctiveness (D) distinction

35 If you participate in online forums or attend events - you will get to know other members a lot better

(A) regularly

(B) regular (C) regulars (D) regularity

(78)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

78

(B) permission

(C) permitted (D) permissive

(A) steadiness (B) steadiest

(C) steadily

(D) steadies

(A) steadiness (B) steadiest

(C) steadily

(D) steadies

39 AT&T Wireless announced a small but - increase in revenue in the third quarter, largely due to its new wireless models

(A) significant

(B) signify (C) signifying (D) significantly

40 The information below is being provided in response to - requests for teleconference referrals

(A) frequent

(B) frequented (C) frequenting (D) frequently

41 Your generous (a) - to the Global Conscience Initiative helps us further our mission to build a peace culture beyond borders

(A) donor (B) donates

(79)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

79 (D) donated

42 He - delivers keynote speeches and holds workshops on customer satisfaction strategy and the building of profitable customer relationships

(A) regularize (B) regularity (C) regularities

(D) regularly

43 The company's management has a firm belief that its strategic direction is sound and will continue to exceed shareholder

(A) expect (B) expected

(C) expectations

(D) expectedly

A negotiates B Negotiator

C Negotiations

D Negotiable

45 Needs assessment can help you identify areas for improvement and ultimately help you realize your goals more -

(A) efficient (B) efficiency (C) efficiencies

(D) efficiently

46 The application process is highly - with only 5% of applicants ultimately selected for positions

(A) competition

(B) competitive

(80)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

80 47 Fruit Mart’s advertising initiative has been the most - marketing project in our neighborhood

(A) persuasive

(B) persuasively (C) persuade (D) persuasion

48 In order to reduce costs, Busan Consulting's - use of office space and equipment has been adopted by many local businesses

(A) economical

(B) economy (C) economist (D) economize

49 We expect our sales to rise - to around $200 million over the next 24 months (A) sharp

(B) sharply

(C) sharpen (D) sharpness

50 Your new coffee machine comes with detailed - which will help you use it more effectively (A) instruct

(B) instructing

(C) instructions

(D) instructional

51 All work will be discussed in detail before a written - is given to any client

(A) estimate

(B) estimates (C) estimated (D) estimating

52 The office manager is - for supporting staff members and ensuring that their work is done efficiently

(81)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

81

(C) responsible

(D) responsibly

53 DSC believes that we have a……….to our customers, to the communities where we work and where we business

(A) responsibly (B) responsible

(C) responsibility

(D) responsibilities

54 Efforts to sell government-owned corporations have been successful so far, and the privatization effort is moving ahead

(A) moderate (B) moderator (C) moderating

(D) moderately

55 This booklet introduces you to a compact digital SLR camera, which is ideal for beginning and amateurs

(A) photographs (B) photography (C) photographic (D) photographers

56 The Silo House Restaurant will also be open this weekend, but anyone wanting to eat there should make ……… to ensur a seat

(A) reserving

(B) reservations

(C) reserve (D) reserved

57 Because of his outstanding work, Mr Tianfu Yang has been highly for The position of marketing director by the board of directors

(A) recommendation (B) recommended

(82)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

82 (D) recommending

58 Ups guarantees the .of your important shipments from the U.S to more than 580 international cities

(A) deliverable (B) deliverer (C) deliver

(D) delivery

59 Mr.Lim could solve the problem with the Sonya 468 software after reading the enclosed manual

(A) ease (B) easy

(C) easily

(D) eased

60 An .large number of our customers prefer the payment convenience of debit cards (A) increase

(B) increasing (C) increases

(D) increasingly

61 Since pension benefits may be a major source of your retirement income, you should consider the following options before making your decision

A.care B.carefull

C.carefully

D.more carefully

62 Pioneer Steel guarantees that all information gathered through this website is strictly And used only by Pioneer Steel

A Confide B Confides

C Confidential

(83)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

83 63 We have been working on updates for the program, and you should - the updated information in January 2010

(A) receivable (B) receiving

(C) receive

(D) receives

64 The Calgary Inn attaches importance to the - of its rooms and always offers good service at reasonable prices

A clean

B cleanliness

C cleanly D cleanest

65 Giessen is centrally located in Germany and can -be reached by plane, train, and car (A) easy

(B) easily

(C) ease (D) easiness

66 Barbuda's economy remains -dependent on tourism and on visitors who fly to the islands from all over the world

(A) overwhelming

(B) overwhelmingly

(C) overwhelm (D) overwhelmed

67 The advisory committee - addressed the president's concerns about the new building project

(A) effectively

(B) effect (C) effective (D) effectiveness

68.With more than 34 years of designing some of the most - buildings in Calgary, the reputation of the firm is well deserved

(84)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

84

(B) impressive

(C) impress (D) impressiveness

69 The Tl PH employees are - by their distinctive khaki uniforms and the special emblem on their uniforms and vehicles

A indentify B indentifies C indentity

D indentfiable

70 Much of the expected boots is related to a transaction fax which has yet to receive final from Congress

A approving B approved

C approval

D approves

71 When the for this new safety policy was under consideration by the managers, a number of experts were asked for their comments

(A) proposing (B) propose (C) proposes

(D) proposal

72 Empty boxes should be placed in the stockroom for…… A removable

B remover C removed

D removal

B renewed

(85)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

85 D renewing

74 With the upgrading of the company website to a simpler format, potential stockholders can find the information they seek more …………

(A) ease (B) easy

(C) easily

(D) eased

BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC DANH TỪ GHÉP/CỤM DANH TỪ GHÉP HAY GẶP TRONG ĐỀ THI TOEIC

-*** -

-Được trích biên soạn từ sách LUYỆN TOEIC tiếng bao gồm:

(86)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

86

+ ETS RC + LC 1000 + ETS RC 1000

+ Jim’s TOEIC (900B)

==> Cách học CỤM DANH TỪ (là CỤM kèm với không thay đổi được) TAKE NOTE lại thi GẶP LÀ OÁNH :v

1 The effects of affordable housing - in rural areas will be discussed at the conference

(A) develops (B) developing

(C) development

(D) developed

B renewed

C renewal

D renewing

3 The unions requested that they be offered subtantial …… increases equaling about 40,000 dollars a year

A pay

B paied C paying D paily

4.Requirements for the open position include basic computer skills and managerial experience in sales (A) retailing

(B) retail

(87)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

87 You are cordially invited to attend a -party thrown in honor of employees who have served the company for more than thirty years

(A) retirement

(B) retire (C) retires (D) retired

6 reviewers, I agree to the fact that there is more -for improvement, especially with respect to cleaning

(A) room

(B) value (C) terms (D) gap

7. The head of the legal department is searching for experts who have a lot of experience with contract

A negotiates B Negotiator

C Negotiations

D Negotiable

8 Hamas Investment placed an advertisement on temporary employment for certified financial advisors

A opens B openness

C openings

D opener

9 Sales - are encouraged to familiarize themselves with the location of various merchandise in the department store

(A) representational (B) represent (C) represents

(D) representatives

(88)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

88

(A) increases

(B) increasing (C) increase (D) increased

11 Because of operating - Fayette Industries seeks to operate its manufacturing plants in only certain parts of the country

(A) values (B) profits (C) outcomes

(D) costs

12 Rosewater Medical Center employs healthcare - affiliated with Huron University (A) professional

(B) profession

(C) professionals

(D) professionally

13 The latest training contains tips on teaching a second language to international students (A) method

(B) guide

(C) staff (D) role

14 Even experienced clerks are encouraged to attend training to keep them updated on new Ideas in the world of banking

(A) materials

(B) sessions

(C) experiences

15 The continuing spread of office automation has increase worker……… ,resulting in job consolidation and lower demand for accounting clerks

(89)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

89

D productivity

16 As an administrative assistant, you are responsible for ordering office………… such as pens, papers, ink cartridges, and staplers

A facilities B attributes

C supplies

D members

17 Since Mr Kane is on vacation until next week, all product - should be made to Mr Park in the customer service department

(A) problems (B) concepts

(C) inquiries

(D) suggestion

18 The awards - will begin at approximately 6:00 this evening, at which time winners are requested to be present to receive their awards

(A) ceremony

(B) advice (C) product (D) invention

19 As a manager, you are also responsible for maintaining a work -that is comfortable and ergonomically safe

(A) environment

(B) participation (C) reaction (D) incident

20 Mountain Equipment Co-op has deeply discounted their winter items to - room for the new spring merchandise

(90)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

90

(B) make

(C) makes (D) made

22 Whether you’re interested in the MCSE, CIW, or the CCNA, lasalle Computer Learning Center offers the computer -that can help you reach your career goals

A Train B Trains C Trained

D.Training

21 Office - are ordered through the central purchasing department and are typically delivered the next business day

(A) supplies

(B) supplied (C) supplier (D) supply

23 All sales representatives should know - - information about the product they are selling and be able to answer any questions

(A) approached (B) detailed (C) probable

(D) loyal

24 The vegetarian diet is more likely to meet the government - for fat, carbohydrate, and protein than a non- vegetarian diet

(A) recommendations

(91)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

91

MỆNH ĐỀ DANH TỪ

1 Khái niệm:

- MĐ danh từ mệnh đề phụ có chức danh từ, mở đầu từ để hỏi (where, what, how, why, when, who, whose, that, if/ whether,…) khơng phải câu hỏi

==> Nói cách khác: Danh từ câu có chức (đứng vị trí nào) MĐ danh từ có bấy nhiêu chức (cũng đứng vị trí đó): chủ ngữ, tân ngữ động từ, tân ngữ giới từ, bổ ngữ bổ nghĩa cho chủ ngữ, bổ ngữ bổ nghĩa cho tính từ

2 Chức – vị trí MĐ danh từ:

* Là chủ ngữ: đứng đầu câu làm chủ ngữ cho động từ sau Ex: The story makes her sad

==> What you have said makes her sad

==> Chúng ta thay “The Story” mệnh đề “What you have said”

==> MĐ gọi MĐ danh từ mở đầu với từ để hỏi What + S + V = gì, điều gì, giữ chức năng làm chủ ngữ động từ “make”

* Là tân ngữ cho động từ: đứng sau động từ làm tân ngữ cho động từ đó: Ex: I don’t know the man

==> I don’t know who he is

==> Chúng ta thay “The man” mệnh đề “who he is”

==> MĐ gọi MĐ danh từ mở đầu với từ để hỏi Who + S + V giữ chức làm tân ngữ động từ “know”

* Là tân ngữ cho giới từ: đứng sau giới từ làm tân ngữ bổ nghĩa cho giới từ Ex: Thank you for the present

==> thank you for what you have done for me

==> Chúng ta thay “the present” mệnh đề “what you have done for me”

==> MĐ gọi MĐ danh từ mở đầu với từ để hỏi What + S + V giữ chức làm tân ngữ bổ nghĩa cho giới từ “for”

(92)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

92 ==> This is where I was born

==> Chúng ta thay “my house” mệnh đề “where I was born”

==> MĐ gọi MĐ danh từ mở đầu với từ để hỏi Where + S + V giữ chức làm bổ nghĩa cho động từ TOBE

MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG TỪ

A Mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian: 1 Before = By the time = By : Trước * (QKHT), Before + QKĐ, (QKHT)

VD: Before I went to bed, I had finished my homework

==> Hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ + Hành động xảy trước: finished my homework

+ Hành động xả sau: went to bed * (TLHT), Before + HTĐ, (TLHT)

VD: Before I’m 40, I’ll have became teacher

==> Diễn tả hành động xảy trước hành động khác tương lai or thời điểm tương lai

+ Hành động xảy trước: TLHT

+ Hành động xảy sau: HTĐ (mang nghĩa TL)

2 After (= Following (giới từ)): Sau * (QKĐ), After + QKHT, (QKĐ)

VD: After I had finished my homework, I went to bed

==> Hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ + Hành động xảy trước: I had finished my homework + Hành động xả sau: I went to bed

* (TLĐ), After + HTĐ/HTHT, (TLĐ) VD: After I come, I’ll call you

==> Diễn tả sau xảy việc tiếp tục xảy việc khác * (HTĐ), After + QKĐ, (HTĐ):

VD: After everything happened, we are still good friends ( Sau chuyện xảy ra, những người bạn tốt )

(93)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

93 VD: After everything happened, we quarelled over dishonesty (Sau chuyện [ không tốt ], chúng tôi cãi vã tính khơng trung thực )

==> Sự việc khứ kết khứ

3 When = As: Khi + C1: HTĐ, TLĐ ==> Giống ĐK1

VD: when I get older, I’ll become a doctor + C2: QKĐ, QKĐ

==> hành động nối tiếp khứ VD: When I was young, I liked Reading book + C3: QKĐ, QKTD

==> Hành động xảy (QKTD) hành động khác xen vào (QKĐ) VD:When I was teaching, he entered my class

+ C4: QKĐ, QKHT

==> Hành động xảy trước hành động khác khứ + Hành động xảy trước: QKHT

+ Hành động xả sau: QKĐ

VD: When we came home, my father had left

4 Until/till :

==> Trong câu thường có WITHOUT/ONLY IF với UNTIL

==> Chọn WITHOUT/ONLY IF trường hợp TRANG TRỌNG (việc làm, công việc, đơn xin, công ty,…)

+ C1: QKĐ + Until + QKĐ:

==> Khi hành động mệnh đề trước kéo dài hành động mệnh đề sau VD: I waited here until it was dark ( Tôi lại đến trời tối )

+ C2 QKĐ + Until + QKHT:

==> Nhấn mạnh hành động mệnh đề Until với nghĩa hoàn thành trước hành động

(94)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

94 + C3 TLĐ + Until + HTĐ/HTHT:

==> Dùng với nghĩa làm cho đền hồn thành việc

VD: I won't go to bed until i have finished my homework (Tôi không ngủ làm xong bài tập )

= I will go to bed until i finish my homework - We'll stayed here until the rain stops - I’ll waite untill/ till he comes back

5 As soon as = Once: sau

==> Diễn tả hành động xảy sau

VD: As soon as Marry knew the truth, She called me

6 while: Trong

==> Thường dùng thời TIẾP DIỄN

VD: Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister was playing games

7 Once = when :

==> ONCE nhấn mạnh WHEN VD: Once I come, I will call you

8 Since: kể từ

==> HTHT, SINCE + QKĐ, HTHT VD: I haven’t met them since they left

(95)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

95 VD: I’ll come whenever you need me

B Mệnh đề trạng ngữ mục đích:

* S + V + in order that /so that + S + will/would/can/could/may/might + V(nguyên thể): VD: She is studying so that/in order that she can pass the exam

* in order (not) to = so as (not) to + V (nguyên thể): VD: She is studying in order to/so as to pass the exam * to + V (nguyên thể): để làm

VD: She is studying to pass the exam

C Mệnh đề trạng ngữ kết quả: * Too + adj/adv + to V: quá…không thể

+ Dùng adj: Khi trước TOBE, BECOME, REMAIN, STAY, FIND/MAKE + O +ADJ, + Dùng adv: Khi trước V

VD: he is too short to play baskeball/ He spoke too quickly to understand * Adj/Adv + Enough + to V: đủ để làm

VD: I am old enough to what he wants * Enough + N + to V: đủ để làm VD: I have enough money to buy it

* So + adj/adv + that + MĐ: mà

+ Dùng adj: Khi trước TOBE, BECOME, REMAIN, STAY, FIND/MAKE + O +ADJ, + Dùng adv: Khi trước V

VD: He is so clever that She can answer all of my questions * Such N/cụm N that + MĐ: mà

(96)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

96 VD: - She is old, so/thus/therefor she retires

- He wanted to study late, so he drank another cup of coffee

= He wanted to study late; therefore he drank another cup of coffee D Mệnh đề trạng ngữ lí do/nguyên nhân:

* Because = as = since = for (không đứng đầu câu) = now that = Seeing that = inasmuch as = in that = Given that (idoms) + MĐ: Vì

VD: They cancelled the train For/As/Since it rained

* Because of = due to = owing to = thanks to = on account of = as a result of + N/Ving: Vì VD: Because of/due to the snow, They cancelled the train

* Because of = due to = owing to = thanks to = on account of + as a result of the fact that + MĐ: Vì VD: Because of/due to/on account of the fact that it rained, They cancelled the train

E Mệnh đề trạng ngữ tương phản trái ngược:

* However = nevertheless = nontheless = yet (đứng cuối câu) + MĐ: nhiên ==> “Đầu câu có dấu phẩy”

VD: She is old, however, she is beautiful/ She is old However, she is beautiful * Although = eventhough = though + MĐ:

VD: although it rained heavily, I came to my class * In spite of/ depite + N/Ving :

VD: In spite of/ depite her age, she is beautiful * in spite of/ depite + the fact that + MĐ :

VD: In spite of/ depite the fact that she is old, she is beautiful * Even if + MĐ : khi, cà

VD: she can’t solve this exercise even if it is very easy * While = meanwhile = whereas + MĐ : * To the Contrary: trái ngược

(97)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

97 VD: I am watching TV, while she is cooking

* How

However + adj/adv +S + be/V, S + V : Cho dù No matter how

It doesn't matter

VD: no matter how busy she is, she takes care of us * how + S + V = however

what + (N) + S + V = whatever

No matter + where + S +V = wherever : Cho dù who + S + V = whoever

when + S + V = whenver

VD: no matter how who/whoever you are, you have to respect your teacher VD: no matter what/whatever shirt you choose, you have to pay money F Mệnh đề trạng ngữ cách thức:

* As + MĐ = like + N : ==> As + N: với tư cách là, * Unlike : không giống * Alike : giống nhau/như

MỘT SỐ HÌNH THỨC RÚT GỌN THƯỜNG GẶP

Chào em, ngơn ngữ nói chung tiếng Anh nói riêng ln có hình thức rút gọn Đó xu hướng "tiết kiệm" người Khi nói rút gọn mà người ta hiểu khơng áp dụng cho đỡ tốn lời phải không em? Tuy nhiên trớ trêu chỗ người dùng thấy tiện lợi nhưng người đọc ( người học tiếng Anh nè ) lại thấy " khổ sở" nhiêu khơng hiểu câu bị rút gọn ngược lại phải tự làm rút gọn khơng biết làm cho

Để giúp em hiểu thêm phần này, thầy kể số dạng rút gọn thông dụng để em làm quen Đúng ra, sâu vào phân tích có dạng "rút gọn" "tỉnh lược" phân loại theo phức tạp nên thầy gom chung lại thể thành loạt hình thức thường gặp để em dễ tham khảo nhé.

(98)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

98 Các em cần nắm rỏ chỗ : mệnh đề phải có chủ từ kèm theo động từ chia thì, cịn cụm từ khơng có chủ từ kèm theo động từ khơng chia ( Ving, to inf, hay quá khứ phân từ p.p )

Nguyên tắc cần nhớ muốn rút gọn chủ từ mệnh đề phải giống nhau, khi rút gọn bỏ chủ từ mà chủ từ khác bỏ biết hành động làm ? Ví du:

When I saw the dog, I ran away

=> When seeing the dog, I ran away ( : Seeing the dog, )

Đối với mệnh đề quan hệ đại từ quan hệ pahir làm chủ từ rút gọn The man who is standing over there is Mr Smith

=>The man standing over there is Mr Smith

The man whom you are talking about => không rút gọn Sau xem qua dạng rút gọn nhé:

1 Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ:

Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ có dạng sau:

1) Dùng cụm Ving :

Dùng cho mệnh đề chủ động

Bỏ who, which,that be (nếu có ) lấy động từ thêm ING The man who is standing there is my brother

The man who is standing there is my brother ->The man standing there is my brother

2) Dùng cụm P.P:

Dùng cho mệnh đề bị động Bỏ who, which,that be

I like books which were written by my father I like books which were written by my father ->I like books written by my father

3) Dùng cụm to inf.

Dùng danh từ đứng trứoc có chữ sau bổ nghĩa :

ONLY,LAST,số thứ tự như: FIRST,SECOND

(99)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

99 This is the only student who can the problem

This is the only student who can the problem ->This is the only student to the problem -Động từ HAVE/HAD

I have much homework that I must do.

I have much homework that I must do. I have much homework to do

-Đầu câu có HERE (BE),THERE (BE)

There are six letters which have to be written today. There are six letters to be written today.

- Một số động từ khác need , want v v nói chung ta dịch chỗ to inf với nghĩa "để" mà nghe sng tai dùng được.

GHI NHỚ :

Trong phần to inf bạn cần nhớ điều sau:

- Nếu chủ từ mệnh đề khác thêm cụm for sb trước to inf

We have some picture books that children can read We have some picture books for children to read

Tuy nhiên chủ từ đại từ có nghĩa chung chung we,you,everyone khơng cần

ghi ra.

Studying abroad is the wonderful thing that we must think about Studying abroad is the wonderful thing (for us ) to think about

- Nếu trước relative pronoun có giới từ phải đem xuống cuối câu ( lỗi dễ sai nhất) We have a peg on which we can hang our coat

We have a peg to hang our coat on

4) Dùng cụm danh từ (đồng cách danh từ )

Dùng mệnh đề tình từ có dạng:

S + BE + DANH TỪ /CỤM DANH TỪ/CỤM GIỚI TỪ

Cách làm:

-bỏ who ,which be

Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health Football, which is a popular sport, is very good for health Football, a popular sport, is very good for health

Do you like the book which is on the table? Do you like the book on the table?

PHƯƠNG PHÁP LÀM BÀI LOẠI RÚT GỌN:

Khi học ta học từ dễ đến khó làm ngược lại phải suy luận từ khó đến dễ

BƯỚC :

- Tìm xem mệnh đề tính từ nằm chổ

Bước dễ mệnh đề tính từ thường bắt đầu WHO,WHICH,THAT

(100)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

100 Bước chủ yếu giảm từ mệnh đề xuống cụm từ, nhiên cách suy luận phải theo thứ tự nếu không làm sai

Ví dụ:

This is the first man who was arrested by police yesterday

Mới nhìn ta thấy câu bị động, vội vàng dễ dàng biến thành: This is the first man arrested by police yesterday sai

Thật đáp án :

This is the first man to be arrested by police yesterday đúng

Vậy cách thức để không bị sai ?

Các em làm theo bước sau

1 Nhìn xem mệnh đề có cơng thức S + BE + CỤM DANH TỪ khơng ? Nếu có áp dụng cơng thức 2 Nếu khơng có cơng thức xem tiếp trước who which có dấu hiệu first ,only v v khơng ,nếu có áp dụng công thức (to inf ) lưu ý thêm xem chủ từ có khác khơng ( để dùng for sb )

3 Nếu trừong hợp xét xem câu chủ động hay bị động mà dùng VING hay

P.P..

2 Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng từ:

Mệnh đề trạng từ mệnh đề nối liên từ when, because, while Điều kiện rút gọn là hai chủ từ phải giống

Công thức:

- Bỏ liên từ ( để lại biến thành giới từ) - Chủ động đổi động từ thành Ving

- Bị động dùng p.p ( giữ lại liên từ, có NOT phải để lại to be thêm ing vào to be : ( being + p.p )- ngoại trừ liên từ when, if, though lại bỏ ln to be.

Đối với liên từ when, as ( khi) mà động từ mệnh đề to be + N mang nghĩa "là" bỏ to be mà giữ lại danh từ thơi.

Ví dụ: Chủ động:

When he went home, => (When) going home, Bị động:

(101)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

101 => Because of being given a book, I ( giới từ because because of, bắt buộc để lại to be ) When he was attacked by a big dog, he ran away

Cấp độ 1: bỏ chủ từ

=> When being attcked by a big dog, he ( theo nguyên tắc để lại liên từ phải để lại to be) Cấp độ 2: bỏ to be

=> When attacked by a big dog, he ( với when bỏ ln to be ) Cấp độ 3: bỏ liên từ

=>Attacked by a big dog, he

Because he wasn't rewarded with a smile, he

Not being rewarded with a smile, he ( có NOT nên bắt buộc để lại to be ) As he was a child, he lived in the countryside

=> As a child, he lived ( bỏ to be )

Nếu sau to be cụm danh từ người ta cịn lược bỏ AS mà cịn để lại cụm danh từ trơ trọi Nếu em khơng hiểu ngun tắc khơng thể hiểu lí mà cụm danh từ lại đứng đầu câu vậy, mà không hiểu phân tích câu mà làm phải không? Các đề thi thường lợi dụng rắc rối mà "bẩy" thí sinh Mà khơng "bẩy" nhiêu đâu, người ta cịn kết hợp với cơng thức khác ! lấy ví vụ câu đề thi ĐH năm 2008 xem nhé:

A child of noble birth, his namewas famous among the childrenin that school

Để làm câu thí sinh phải hiểu rỏ cụm danh từ đầu câu rút gọn từ mệnh đề trạng từ: Câu gốc lúc chưa rút gọn : As he was a child of noble birth.

Rút gọn cấp độ :

As being a child of noble birth ( bỏ chủ từ, động từ thêm ING ) Rút gọn cấp độ :

As a child of noble birth ( bỏ ln động từ to be mang nghĩa "là " ) Rút gọn cấp độ :

(102)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

102 Hiểu tới chưa làm mà phải thuộc lòng nguyên tắc rút gọn: chủ từ mệnh đề phải giống

Rỏ ràng sau "phục hồi" lại câu gốc lúc chưa rút gọn em thấy chủ từ mệnh đề khác nhau: As he was a child of noble birth, his name was famous

( he his name) => phải sửa chủ từ đó, mà người ta gạch chủ từ mệnh đề sau nên ta chọn, his name sửa thành he

MỘT SỐ MẪU RÚT GỌN KHÁC

Bên mẫu rút gọn thông dụng mà em học thức chương trình học phổ thơng, cịn sau mẫu khác mà em thấy hàng ngày đơi khơng hiểu rút gọn từ đâu rút gọn Theo lẽ thường, văn nói rút gọn nhiều hơn văn viết dùng em lưu ý để tránh lạm dụng sử dụng mẫu văn nói vào văn viết

1 Hốn đổi mệnh đề rút gọn.

Theo nguyên tắc chung rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ giữ nguyên vị trí, nhiên mẫu lại ngoại lệ Các em xem ví dụ để hiểu ln cách dùng

She, who had not seen me since 1990, couldn't regconize me at first => She couldn't regconize me at first, not having seen me since 1990. Hoặc:

=>Not having seen me since 1990, she couldn't regconize me at first

2 Dùng cụm giới từ thay cho mệnh đề quan hệ.

Mẫu áp dụng mệnh đề quan hệ bao gồm to be cụm giới từ cách rút gọn dễ ta việc bỏ địa từ quan hệ to be xong

Ví dụ:

The book which is on the table is Mr cucku's => The book which is on the table is Mr cucku's => The book on the table is Mr cucku's

(103)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

103 A Dùng WITH, WITHOUT:

Hai giới từ dùng mệnh đề quan hệ mô tả phận thân thể, số mẫu có động từ HAVE ( có ), CARRY there be ( có )

Ví dụ:

A girl who had big eyes => A girl with big eyes

A robber who was carrying a gun. => A robber with a gun A house which had no windows => A house without windows The pot in which there is no food => The pot without food in it. B Dùng IN :

Khi mệnh đề quan hệ diễn tả trang phục người như, quần áo, nón, giày dép, Ví dụ:

A woman who is wearing a red dress => A woman ina red dress The man who is wearing dark glasses. => The man indark glasses C Dùng OF :

Thường lực, tuổi tác Ví dụ:

A who has a great deal of energy and enthusiasm => A man of energy and enthuasiasm A man who was thirty-five years old => A man ofthirty- five

MỘT SỐ HÌNH THỨC RÚT GỌN KHÁC

Vì mẫu rút gọn đa dạng nên phần chủ yếu thầy đưa ví dụ minh họa để em làm quen

1 Rút gọn đại từ + to be

I'll go if (it is) necessary

(104)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

104

He glanced about as if (he was) in search of something It looks as if ( it is) going to rain

She worked extremely hard though (she was) still rather poor in health -We'll send an engineer over to meet you as soon as (it is) possible George never speaks unless (he is) spoken to

Unless (I am) compelled to stay in by bad weather, I go for a walk every day Though (he was ) very tired, he did not give up

Once ( it is) seen, the picture can never be forgotten Once (he is ) there, he is lost

Whether (he is) waking or sleeping, he breathes noisily

Anyone, no matter who (he is), may point out our shortcomings (Is there) Anything you want to take with you?

2 Rút gọn to be

In our country everybody is an ordinary worker no matter what his position (is) She pledged to complete her father's unfinished task, whatever the task (is) I refuse , however favorable the conditions (are), to work there

2 Rút gọn động từ

You could have come and (you could have) told me Jean hasn't been told, but I have (been told).

Only one of us was injured, and he (was) just (injured) slightly John has written a poem and Bob (has written) a short story ( tiếp)

3 Lược bỏ complement

I am tired Are you? (= Are you tired?) Is this your pen?

- Yes, it is (= It is my pen)

4 Lược bỏ túc từ

Tell me the truth!

Yes, but I will tell you (the truth) this evening

(105)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

105

She is more beautiful than I thought (she was)

It's cold in December in England, but (it's cold) in July in New Zealand

6 Lược bỏ chủ ngữ

(I) Thank you

--(It) Doesn't matter

(It's) All right

= What will happen if it rains?

(I am) Sorry I'm late

(It is) Well done!

(When one is) Out of sight, (one is) out of mind

2 Rút gọn mệnh đề trạng từ:

Mệnh đề trạng từ mệnh đề nối liên từ when, because, while Điều kiện rút gọn là hai chủ từ phải giống

Công thức:

- Bỏ liên từ ( để lại biến thành giới từ) - Chủ động đổi động từ thành Ving

- Bị động dùng p.p ( giữ lại liên từ, có NOT phải để lại to be thêm ing vào to be : ( being + p.p )- ngoại trừ liên từ when, if, though lại bỏ ln to be.

Đối với liên từ when, as ( khi) mà động từ mệnh đề to be + N mang nghĩa "là" bỏ ln to be mà giữ lại danh từ thơi.

Ví dụ: Chủ động:

When he went home, => (When) going home, Bị động:

Because I was given a book, I

(106)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

106 Cấp độ 1: bỏ chủ từ

=> When being attcked by a big dog, he ( theo nguyên tắc để lại liên từ phải để lại to be) Cấp độ 2: bỏ to be

=> When attacked by a big dog, he ( với when bỏ ln to be ) Cấp độ 3: bỏ liên từ

=>Attacked by a big dog, he

Because he wasn't rewarded with a smile, he

Not being rewarded with a smile, he ( có NOT nên bắt buộc để lại to be ) As he was a child, he lived in the countryside

=> As a child, he lived ( bỏ to be )

Nếu sau to be cụm danh từ người ta cịn lược bỏ AS mà để lại cụm danh từ trơ trọi

A child of noble birth, his namewas famous among the childrenin that school

Để làm câu thí sinh phải hiểu rõ cụm danh từ đầu câu rút gọn từ mệnh đề trạng từ: Câu gốc lúc chưa rút gọn : As he was a child of noble birth.

Rút gọn cấp độ :

As being a child of noble birth ( bỏ chủ từ, động từ thêm ING ) Rút gọn cấp độ :

As a child of noble birth ( bỏ ln động từ to be mang nghĩa "là " ) Rút gọn cấp độ :

A child of noble birth ( bỏ liên từ )

Hiểu tới chưa làm mà phải thuộc lòng nguyên tắc rút gọn: chủ từ mệnh đề phải giống

(107)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

107 ( he his name) => phải sửa chủ từ đó, mà người ta gạch chủ từ mệnh đề sau nên ta chọn, his name sửa thành he

-Không phải mệnh đề trạng ngữ rút gọn có mệnh đề trạng ngữ dạng bị động rút gọn ( reduced in passive only ),nhưng dạng chủ động lại thể rút gọn được.Ngược lại,có mệnh đề rút gọn dạng chủ động ( reduced in active only ).Ngồi ra,có mệnh đề rút gọn hai dạng chủ động bị động ( reduced in all )

-Sau trường hợp

+Reduced in passive only : Once , until , whenever , where , wherever , as +Reduced in active only : after , before , since , while

+Reduced in all : if , unless , whether , although , though, when

Eg : Once you finish your test, you should double-check it before you hand it in > cannot be reduced

Once your test is finished, it should be double-check it before you hand it in ->Once finished, your test double-check it before you hand it in ( reduced in passive only)

Mệnh đề bắt đầu when ta bỏ when chuyển sang upon on ex :when i opened the door, I saw a black dog

=>upon opening the door,i saw a black dog 3) The last student that was interviewed was Tom đáp án=> The last student to be interviewed was Tom VD1: I have some homework which i must tonight =>I have some homework to to night"

VD1: we have a few exercise that we have to => we have a few exercise to

BÀI TẬP I :

Hãy rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ câu sau đây

(108)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

108 5) My father, who is a pilot, often goes abroad

6) I was the only one who realized him

7) I have some homework which I must tonight

8) Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Milky Way

9) I was awakened by the sound of a laughter which came from the room which was next to mine at the motel

10) There are six reports which have to be typed today

11) Dalat, which is best known for foreign travellers, has pleasant weather

12) Animals that are born in a zoo generally adjust to captivity better than those that are captured in the wild

13) Few tourists ever see a jaguar, which is a spotted wild cat that is native to tropical America 14) She is the only woman who was appointed to the board

15) The floor is dusty but I haven't got a brush with which I can sweep it 16) A person who serves in a shop is called a shop assistant

17) John, who is my friend, has studied English for ten years 18) There are many exercises that we have to finish before school 19) The mistakes which you have to correct are very important 20) We have a few exercises that we have to

BÀI TẬP II : Dùng Ving

1 Do you know the teacher who is coming toward us? →

2 The boy who is playing the piano is Bend →

3 That man, who is sitting next to Mary, is my uncle →

4 Students who play for this course have to pay the registration fee →

5 We have an apartment which overlooks the park →

6 Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting? →

7 The psychologists who study the nature of sleep have made important discoveries →

8 The students who did not come to the class yesterday explain their absence to the teacher →

9 Students who arrive late will not be permitted to enter the classroom →

10 The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting wet →

11 Anyone who applies to that school must take an entrance examination →

12 The boy drew pictures of people who were waiting for their planes at the airport →

Dùng p.p

(109)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

109 →………

2 Most students who were punished last week are lazy

→……… 3 The wild ox which is kept at Cat Tien National Park is of a special kind

→……… 4 Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page

→……… 5 We study in a school which was built in 1956

→……… 6 I come from a village that is covered by paddy fields

→……… 7 The man who was attacked by the crocodile still survived

→……… 8 The people who were injured in the accident were taken to the hospital

→……… 9 The boy who was awarded by the headmaster is one of the best students in this school →……… 10 We drove along the road that was still flooded after the heavy rain

→……… 11 Our solar system is in a galaxy which is called the Milky Way

→……… 12 Most of the goods which are made in this factory are exported

(110)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

110 →………

14 Some of the guests who have been invited to the party can’t come

→……… 15 Only a few of the movies which are shown on Channel 15 are suitable for the children →………

Dùng to inf

1 The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light

→……… 2 He is always the first who comes and the last who goes

→……… 3 He was the first man who left the burning building

→……… 4 Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon

→……… 5 We have a lot of exercises that we have to

→……… 6 I have some homework that I must tonight

→……… 7 English is an important language which we have to master

→……… 8 The first thingwhich you must is to learn the new words in the reading

→……… 9 I was the only person who saw the difficulty

(111)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

111 10 Am I the next person who joins the interview?

→……… 11 This is the third who is late for the meeting today

→……… 12 He was the second man who was saved in the fire

→……… 13 She is the only woman who was appointed to the board

→……… 14 There are some reports which must be written this morning

→……… 15 The fifth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable

→………

Dùng for sb to inf

1 The language that we should master is English

→……… 2 Here is the novel that she could read

→……… 3 These are picture books that children can read

→……… 4 In the park there are benches on which people can sit

→……… 5 This is the swimming-pool in which children can swim

(112)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

112 →………

convicing an argument is, it needs support of evidence A Though

B However ( đáp án)

However không mang nghĩa nhiên hết mà cấu trúc no matter what/how = whatever/however Chỉ nằm cấu trúc mang nghĩa "cho dù "

Với lại convincing adj khơng phải V đâu mà rút gọn Cịn cấu trúc đảo ngữ với though though (as) phải sau adj

Tóm lại Although/though rút gọn này: Although/though + adj/adv/ving (N)/V3

1) The amount of waste being recycled rose from 30% to 32% between 2000 and 2005

2) The amount of garbage being produced each year rose from 5.6 to million tonnes between 1960 and 1970

( Trích theo sách "Vocabulary for IELTS (Cambridge), Page 119)

RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ TRẠNG TỪ KHI CÂU CÓ CÙNG CHỦ NGỮ: Khi rút gọn:

- Bỏ liên từ

- Chủ động xài V-ing

- Bị động P.P (nếu giữ lại liên từ câu có NOT phải giữ lại to be đổi thành: being + P.P ) Ngoại trừ when, if,though bỏ ln tobe.

Ví dụ sau:

After he was given , he

=> Câu em rút gọn After being given , he là: Given. , he LIÊN TỪ bỏ hết:

Khi nối hai câu có chủ ngữ ta Giữ lại liên từ đầu câu như: After (sau khi), Before (trước khi), When (khi), Whenever (bất nào), While (trong khi), Once (một khi), Until (cho

tới khi), If (nếu) và Although (mặc dù).

- Nếu gặp Because bỏ ln

Rất đơn giản dịch nghĩa ra, thấy bỏ liên từ mà nghĩa có thay đổi khơng bỏ

Ví dụ:

1 When I saw the dog, I ran away Khi tơi thấy chó , tơi bỏ chạy When seeing the dog, I ran away Khi thấy chó , tơi bỏ chạy Seeing the dog, I ran away Thấy chó , tơi bỏ chạy

Như nên when.

(113)

TOEIC GRAMMAR

113 Khác nghĩa => bỏ

Không phải mệnh đề trạng ngữ rút gọn được, có mệnh đề trạng ngữ dạng bị động rút gọn ( reduced in passive only ), dạng chủ động lại thể rút gọn được Ngược lại, có mệnh đề rút gọn dạng chủ động ( reduced in active only ) Ngồi ra, có mệnh đề rút gọn hai dạng chủ động bị động ( reduced in all )

-Sau trường hợp

+Reduced in passive only : Once , until , whenever , where , wherever , as +Reduced in active only : after , before , since , while

+Reduced in all : if , unless , whether , although , though, when

Eg : Once you finish your test, you should double-check it before you hand it in > cannot be reduced

Once your test is finished, it should be double-check it before you hand it in

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