Sau các tính từ diễn tả phản ứng và cảm giác như : glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy, afraid, anxious, surprised, shocked, ….. E.g.[r]
(1)UNIT 10: RECYCLING
ADJECTIVE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE OR A NOUN CLAUSE: (Tính từ theo sau động từ nguyên mẫu mệnh đề danh từ)
1. To-infinitive : Động từ nguyên mẫu dùng
Sau tính từ diễn tả phản ứng cảm giác : glad, sorry, sad, delighted, pleased, happy, afraid, anxious, surprised, shocked, …
E.g : I am very pleased to see you here He is afraid to stay at home alone at night
Sau số tính từ thơng dụng khác : right, wrong, difficult, certain, welcome, careful, important, interesting, lovely, ready, lucky, likely, good, hard, dangerous, safe,… sau tính từ cấu trúc enough và too
E.g : English is not difficult for us to learn The apples are ripe enough to pick Sau tính từ cấu trúc nhấn mạnh với chủ ngữ giả It :
E.g : It’s very difficult to learn Egyptian It’s nice to talk to you
2. Noun clauses (That clause) : Mệnh đề danh từ (noun clause) thường dùng
Với tính từ diễn tả cảm xúc, lo lắng, tin tưởng,… glad, pleased, relieved, sorry, afraid, anxious, worried, confident, certain,…
E.g : I am delighted that she passed the exam I’m afraid that I can’t accept your assignment
Sau tính từ cấu trúc nhấn mạnh với chủ ngữ giả It : necessary, essential, imperative, imperative,… sau động từ : suggest, recommend,…
E.g : It is necessary that she should know the truth It is essential that we should protect the environment The council suggested that she be here tomorrow
EXERCISES
I Fill in each gap in the sentences with a suitable adjective from the box:
difficult, welcome, shocked, impossible, willing, careful, lucky, motivated, anxious, content
1 Are you to accept responsibility?
2 She was to hear her children falling from the tree
3 You’re _ to use my car
4 You’re very _ to be alive after that accident
5 It’s virtually to predict the weather accurately
6 It’s _ to climb that high and steep hill
7 Be not to walk on the sidewalks!
8 These students are _ to learn English
9 The children are to go to the circus
10 He was to stay at home and read a book
II Fill in each gap with the correct passive form of the verb from the box: A. FORM:
answer, make, send, open, use, build, hold, sign, clean, recycle
1 This room will later
2 This parcel mustn’t _ until Christmas
3 Tea can _ with hot water
4 Tires can _ to make pipes or floor coverings
5 Applications should _ before December 30th
6 A meeting will _ before Teacher’s Day
7 The new bridge is going to by the end of the year
8 Cloth bags should instead of plastic bags
9 This question can _ by most of the students
10 This contract must by the manager today
B. TENSE:
publish, build, pollute, injure, make, paint, plant, play, cut
1 Football _ all over the world
2 Millions of cars _ in Japan every year
3 How many languages _ in Canada?
4 Lots of trees _ down last year
5 The ceiling _ on
6 His best work _ next year
It + be + adjective + to – infinitive
S + be + adjective + noun clause (that clause)
(2)7 She _ seriously _ last night
8 Two more bridges _ in this area next month
9 Our environment _ by chemicals at present
10 Young trees _ in the school garden by seventh form students last week
III Make sentences, using IT + BE + ADJ + TO V:
0.Learning English is difficult
-> It is difficult to learn English
1.Seeing our friends again was wonderful
2.Complain about that matter now is useless
3.Sitting in one place for so long was very uncomfortable
4.Going to that party next week will be a lot of fun
5.Finding example of that is almost impossible
6.Traveling to Bach Long Vi Island by boat will be very interesting
7.Understanding that book is very difficult for me
8.Writing good compositions in English is not easy
9.Driving home here to Lang Son is very tiring
10.Getting to school by bus is not very convenient
11.Protecting the environment from pollution is very important
12.Finishing this work tonight is hard for me
13.Driving a car is not easy
14.Passing the final exam is easy for her
15.Flying to Nha Trang is comfortable
16.Letting your baby go out alone is very dangerous
IV Combine each pair of the sentences, using the adjective + to-infinitive/ noun clause structures:
1 She was disappointed She heard about it
2 He will win the game I am sure
3 They passed all the exams They are lucky
4 John got Ann’s letter yesterday He was very surprised
5 She can’t come I am afraid
6 We heard about your father’s illness We were sorry
7 I have nothing better to offer you I’m ashamed
8 Susan received a lot of birthday presents She was happy
(3)9 You wouldn’t come back I was worried
10.You are interested in protecting the environment We are delighted
V Find and correct mistakes in the following sentences:
1 Old car tires can be recycle to make pipes and floor coverings
2 We delighted that you won the first prize in the chess tournament
3 The glass is broken up, melted, and made from new glassware
4 When will the gift bring here?
5 Reduce means not buy products which are over packaged
6 It is difficult to building a house in a month
7 I’m afraid the meal isn’t prepare well enough for the party
8 She was happy that her friend remembering her birthday
9 It is uneasy for prevent people from polluting the environment
10.Will be this school upgraded next year?
11.Every milk bottle can is reused thirty times
12.It is danger for people to their shopping in the city center
13.Instead for reusing plastic bags, we shouldn’t use them at all
14.We are looking forward to see you in April
15.We can make vegetable matter to compost and fertilize our field
16.You will be gave a present when you go to the party next Saturday
17.It is unhealthily to live in many of the world’s cities
18.Miss Blake is one of the represents from Friends of the Earth
19.The project will be show to the public when it is finished,
20.Mixture the flour with the eggs and butter
21.Please contact with me if you have any questions
VI Rewrite these sentences:
1 Exploring the world of Personal Computer is fascinating
2 They burned the plastic bottles and old plastic bags It isn’t good
3 Keeping the environment clean is extremely important
4 Understanding the handbook isn’t difficult
5 Buy a Complex It isn’t expensive
6 I am afraid My friend won’t visit this city this weekend because of the bad weather
7 The workers haven’t finished their work before dark They are disappointed
8 The boys are very excited They are playing the coming game
9 Nam is going to pass the exam easily His parents are sure about that
10 Their parents take good care of them The children are lucky
11 She can go to the dancing club on the weekend She is happy
12 She is anxious She can’t come to class on time
(4)
14 She is quite disappointed She hasn’t finished the work on time
VII Change these sentences to the passive voice:
1 They deliver our papers every morning
2 The student put up the tent in the rain
3 They cut the grass in the garden yesterday
4 People celebrate May Day every year
5 The farmers are plowing the rice fields
6 Nam’s father has just bought another villa
7 The child is eating a lot of fruits
8 The servant was making coffee
9 Nam can speak English
10 Tran can made this machine herself
11 The man must pay the money now
12 The pupils made the chairs last month
13 He has to send the package now
14 They can’t put these things here
15 Mary types the letters very quickly
16 You mustn’t use that machine after 5.30 p.m
17 The principal will hold an English-speaking contest in Quang Trung School next month
18 Janet gave Mary and her little cousin two teddy bears on their birthday by coincidence
19 Pollution and chemicals from the factories have been polluting the environment
20 Mr Jones has just sold the old house at the end of the road
21 They are building a ring road in the other side of the city
22 The city dwellers mustn’t throw rubbish very carelessly
23 You should keep these flowers in a warm sunny place
24 The committee will have to change the day of the meeting again
25 Many people speak English all over the world
26 A businessman will buy many houses in that area next year
27 The reporter is interviewing the eight-form students at the moment
28 They have kept these boxes of chocolates for three weeks
29 Our teacher corrects our homework on the blackboard every day
30 The workers will build a supermarket beside the school next year
(5)VIII Choose the word or phrase that needs correcting:
1 Ann (A) got mark 10 (B) in Math so she (C) felt very (D) happily
2 I (A) expect (B) to meet by my uncle when I (C) arrive (D) at the airport
3 I (A) myself don’t eat chili, but it’s (B) the most popular (C) spice in (D) a world
4 A lot of crop (A) can’t be (B) grew in the mountains because (C) it (D) gets to cold
5 (A) It’s very difficult (B) for students (C) to answer all of (D) the question in fifteen minutes
6 The house (A) painted more than (B) five years ago, so I’m (C) going to repaint (D) it
7 (A) As soon as Sylvia and Ronald (B) will arrive, the meeting (C) can (D) start
8 (A) Would you (B) like (C) coming (D) to my birthday party?
9 We (A) reached the (B) nearest village after (C) walk for (D) five hours
10 The telephone (A) was invented (B) with a (C) Scotsman, Alexander Graham Bell, (D) in 1876
11 (A) The air is (B) polluting by smoke (C) from (D) industrial factories
12 Waste paper (A) and old clothes (B) will collect (C) for our (D) mini-project
IX Use the correct preposition:
1 What did the government to prevent people throwing drink cans away?
2 If you want to share your recycling story our reader, call us at 35262432
3 In the factory, the glass is broken , melted and made new glassware
4 Contact an organization like Friends of the Earth information
5 We should use cloth bags instead plastic bags
6 We can look information recycling things in the local library
7 Are you interested protecting our environment?
8 Those shoes are made old car tires
9 This counterfeit Iphone is made China You were cheated
10 Don’t throw things Try to recycle them
11 On behalf my class, I would like to show my own opinion
12 The telephone was invented a Scottish inventor, Alexander Graham Bell
13 You should make contact our company as soon as possible if there is something wrong
14 She is making story Don’t believe her
15 This project will be carried _ next month
16 Don’t throw things Try and find another use them
17 We can look information recycling things in the local library
18 These shoes are made old car tires
19 ‘Vegetable matter’ is made compost
20 Are you interested protecting the environment
21 We should use cloth bags instead plastic bags
22 In the factory, the glass is broken , melted and made new glassware
X Use the correct tense or form of the verb in parentheses:
1 Nowadays a lot of important inventions (carry out) by scientists (work)
for large industrial firms However, there (be) still opportunities for other people (invent) various things In Britain, there is a weekly TV program which (attempt) to show all the devices which people (invent) recently The people (organize) the program receive information about 700 inventions per year New ideas can (develop) _ by private inventors However, it is important (consider) these questions: Will it work ? Will it (want) ?
2 These newspapers (print) by that factory every day
3 It’s very dangerous (drive) fast in a crowded area
4 Toyota cars (make) in Japan
5 The mails (always deliver) to this office before a.m
6 We (be) _ very delighted (receive) your letter yesterday
7 I (give) a cute cat on my birthday last year
8 English (speak) in Vietnam for a long time
9 Those children (plant) some young trees right now
10 Peter doesn’t enjoy (follow) by strangers
11 It’s a very big company One thousand people (employ) _ there
12 Mary usually (wash) her hands carefully before meals
(6)14 Cheese and butter (make) from milk
15 You can’t drive along that street It (repair)
XI Use the correct form of the word in parentheses:
1 These days it is (possibility) to open a newspaper without reading about the damage
we’re doing to the (environmental) _ The earth is being (threat) _ and the future looks bad What can each of us ?
We cannot clean up our (pollution) _ seas (night) _ nor can we stop the (appear) _ of plants and animals But we can stop adding to the problem while (science) _ search for an answer and laws are passed in nature’s (defend) _ It may not be easy to change your lifestyle (complete) , but some steps are (ease) to take: cut down the amount of (drive) _ you or use as little plastic as possible It’s so easy to save (energetic) _, which also (reduction) _ (house) _ bills We must all make personal (decide) _ to work for the future of our children if we want to (sure) a (good) _ for them
2 There are some zones outside Ho Chi Minh City (industry)
3 Papers and cans are materials (recycle)
4 Reduce means not buying products which are (package)
5 The country’s main resources include forests, coal and oil (nature)
6 It’s very to cross the avenue at rush hours (danger)
7 Making soil is the farmer’s work (fertilize)
8 Despite what is printed on the label, this product is not friendly (environment)
9 Air is a of gases (mix)
10 Attractive can help to sell (package / produce)
11 Waste paper can be after being (use / recycling)
12 Miss White is one of the from “Friends of the Earth” (represent)
13 Bowls, vases, jars and glasses are sold in the store at the corner (glass)
14 Dead leaves fall to the ground and very quickly in wet weather (compose)
15 The teacher gave the children a very detailed of the recycling plan (explain)
16 Use a spoon to mash the paper (wood)
17 One ton of saves ten trees (recycle / approximate)
18 Expenditure on wildlife has been cut to an minimum due to
economic crisis (reduce)
19 Japan was rapidly in the late 19th century (industry)
20 Compost is one of the most wonderful natural (fertility)
21 He said that his jokes were (intend)
22 are very about the rising in global temperature (environment
/ concern)
23 Reduce means not buying products which are (overpackage)
24 Linda is one of the from Friends of the Earth (represent)
25 The country’s resources include forests, coal and oil (nature)
26 Waste paper can be after being recycling (use)
27 It’s to cross the avenue (danger)
28 Compost is a wonderful It helps plants grow (fertilize)
29 Share your story with our readers! (recycle)
30 Air is a of gases (mix)
31 Attractive can help to sell products (package)
32 These products are friendly (environment)
33 This novel is not of all his works (represent)
34 The outbreak of the flu epidemic resulted in a sharp in the number of tourists
(reduce)
35 Recycling programs have helped to solve some of the problems (environment)
36 These plants grow well in soil by the river (fertilize)
37 This book is very interesting; it contains lots of information (use)
38 The river has been used for many years as an waste dump.(industry)
39 All of the students in my class elected Huong as our (represent)
(7)41 Farmers use different kinds of to enrich the soil (fertilize)
42 We are very surprised at the speed of the of the city (industrial)
43 Companies are encouraging people to buy more by the prices of their products
(reduce)
44 The money should be more spent on the recycling plan (use)
XII Choose the word of phrase (A,B,C or D) that best fits the blank space in each sentence:
1 Try to amount of fat in your diet
a reuse b refill c reduce d recycle
2 I am delighted you passed your exam
a that b to c in order to d so that
3 Tree leaves to wrap things
a should used b should be used c should been used d should be use
4 is a wonderful natural fertilizer
a Compost b Plastic c Envelope d Garbage
5 Glass is broken up, melted and made into new
a silverware b hardware c ironware d glassware
6 Is the rubbish every day?
a collect b collecting c collected d be collected
7 We were delighted your letter yesterday
a to get b got c getting d get
8 We should use bags instead of plastic bags
a cloth b clothe c clothed d clothing
9 I some rice on the floor of the chicken coop
a scattered b grew c threw away d raised
10.Milk bottles can be after being cleaned
a collect b thrown away c broken d reused
11.It is important students attend all the lectures
a that b in order to c to d so as to
12. is waste from the body of a large animal such as an elephant or a cow
a Compost b Dung c Garbage d Fertilizer
13.She has already his cup five or six times
a refilled b reused c reduced d recycled
14.I threw all the broken toys
a aside b away c down d in
15.Break the chocolate into squares
a up b in c on d off
16. is a mixture of decaying plants and vegetables that is added to soil to improve its quality
a Compost b Dung c Trash d Fertilizer
XIII Choose the word of phrase (A, B, C or D) that best fits the blank space in each sentence:
1 Giving up smoking _ the risk of heart disease
A recycles B lowers C reduces D elevates
2 Cover the burned area with a thick _ dressing
A sterile B conscious C affected D polluted
3 People use first-aid _ ease the victim’s pain and anxiety
A so that B in order that C in order to D so as not to
4 We can see a boy _ a water buffalo
A ride B rode C ridden D riding
5 _ you mind if I smoke here ?
A Do B Can C Would D Could
6 Nowadays few people wear shoes _ from old car tires
A make B to make C made D making
7 _ I the washing-up ? – No, thanks I can it myself
A Shall B Will C Would D Do
8 Glass _ from sand
(8)9 Stop, boys! It’s _ near the streets
A dangerous for playing B dangerously to play
C dangerous to playing D dangerous to play
10.This book _ to the library today
A have to be returned B could be returned
C has to be returned D can be return
11.If people are interested in protecting the _, our Earth will be greener & cleaner
A environment B neighborhood C residence D living
12.Why don’t you phone the hospital to ask for a(n) _
A car B motorbike C van D ambulance
13.Is she _ or unconscious? You must keep her awake
A conscious B sleeping C asleep D all are correct
14.They collect household and garden waste to make _
A deposit B mixture C detergent D compost
15.Glass is broken up, melted and made _ new glassware
A into B for C on D in
16.Leave the victim _ flat and don’t let him _ chilled
A to lie/become B lying/become C to lie/to become D lying/to become
17.You’ll get back your _ when you bring the bottles back for recycling
A account B payment C envelope D deposit
18.Those milk bottles can be _ after being cleaned
A soaked B recycled C reused D A and C are correct
19.Would you mind if I _ a photo here?
A take B took C taking D will take
20.My uncle is taking _ to Nha Trang next week
A two-days trip B two-day trip C two day tripD a two-day trip
21.This is the first time I _ an opera
A saw B see C have seen D am seeing
22.Donna sells flowers She is a _
A grocer B florist C librarian D tourist
23.Cover the burned area with a thick _ dressing
A sterile B conscious C affected D polluted
24.Garbage can be used to make _
A fertile B fertilize C fertilization D fertilizer
25.Don’t throw away vegetable matter It can be used to make food for _
A animals B plants C fields D all are correct
26.Friends of the Earth” is an _ organization
A environmental B scientific C technical D industrial
27.We are delighted _ you won the English speaking contest Well done!
A if B whether C that D while
28.The new hotel _ next year
A is opened B will be opened C is opening D opens
29. _ you mind if I asked you a question?
A Do B Would C Are D Will
30.Millions of old car tires _ always every year?
A throw B threw C are thrown D is thrown
31.Use a handkerchief to cover the wound then put _ on it
A pressure B scale C sterile D crutches
32.It’s dangerous _ in the kitchen
A playing B to play C played D play
33.I’m looking forward _ you soon
A to see B to seeing C sees D seeing
34.They collect household and garden waste to make _
A deposit B mixture C detergent D compost
35.Would you mind opening the window? - _
(9)XIV Choose the best answer:
1 Farmers collect household and garden waste to make
A glassware B compost C fabric D floor coverings
2 We are delighted your English exam
A you pass B you passed C you to pass D your passing
3 You can information on recycling things in the library
A look for B take out C throw away D break up
4 Milk bottles can be after being cleaned
A recycled B soaked C broken D reused
5 using plastic bags, we shouldn’t use them at all
A Because of B In spite of C Instead of D Despite
6 You’ll get back your when you bring the can back for recycling
A payment B deposit C account D envelope
7 It’s to swim across a big river like Tien River
A broken B important C dangerous D industrial
8 Nowadays people wear and sandals made from old car tires
A wooden shoes B recycled shoes C slippers D trainers
9 Farmers use animal dung for their fields
A making B developing C fertilizing D improving
10 In Britain, the milkman brings milk bottles to houses and collects the empty ones
A empty B full C crowded D deserted
11 My sister sold all the empty cans she collected funds for the orphans
A to take B to raise C to rise D to use
12 One of the solutions to reduce the shopping garbage is using
A plastic bags B cloth bags C wood bags D shopping bags
13 Stop boys! It’s near the streets
A dangerous for playing B dangerously to play
B C dangerous to playing D dangerous to play
14 “Friends of the Earth” is an organization
A environmental B scientific C technical D industrial
15 Don’t throw away vegetable matters It can be used to make food for
A animals B plants C fields D all are correct
XV Rewrite each of these sentences, keeping the meaning unchanged:
1 Customers have to pay the bill at once before leaving the restaurant
The bill
2 Many people speak English as a second language over the world
English
3 Working in those conditions is impossible for me
It’s I
4 I will repair your bicycle tomorrow afternoon
Your
5 “Don’t throw things away”, Miss Blake said to the students
Miss Blake
6 Penicillin can cure many dangerous diseases
Many
7 Does your country export rice to Britain?
Is rice
8 She’s very pleased to see her grandparents soon
She is looking
9 We find it difficult to answer this question
(10)10 I was very delighted that I passed the entrance exam I was very delighted
11 No one has opened that box for the last hundred years
That box
12 My parents sent me a lot of toys on my 1st birthday,
I I was A
13 These women used to wear long dresses
Long
14 People rumor that the King was afraid of his wife
The King
It is
15 Teachers made their students work very hard in exam time
Students
16 As a representative from my class, I would like to discuss about this problem
On
17 Children like walking in the rain
(INTERESTED) (ENJOY)
(EXCITED) (FOND)
(FASCINATED)
18 Turn off all the lights before leaving the room
All the
19 There were a lot of people at the discotheque
The discotheque
20 I have never known that man before