Quan hệ Việt Nam - Lào 1975-2000 : Đề tài NCKH. CB.02.02

DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NQI TRUONG DAI HOC KHOA HOC XA HOI VA NHAN VAN ===***: QUAN HE VIET NAM - LAO 1975 - 2000 Ma so: CB.02.02 Ho va ten chu tri de tai: TS Le Dinh Chinh Can bo phoi hop nghien curu : OAI H O C Q U O C G l A nr\ MQi TRUNGTAM THCNG TIN l t , u 'lEhg DT/33P Ha Noi thang 10 - 2003 MUG LUC A PHAN M6 DAU 1) Y nghia khoa hoc cua de tai 2) Muc dich nghien ciiu 3) Lich sir nghien ciJu va'n de 4) Phirang phap nghien ciru 5) Nguon tu lieu sir dung cua de tai 6) Kel qua nghien curu 7) Bo cue cua de tai B PHAN NOI DUNG CHl/ONG I: HOP TAG TOAN DIEN VIET NAM - LAO TRONG GIAI DOAN 1976- 1990 l.l.Vai net ve quan he doan ket dac biet Viet Nam - Lao Iruac nam 1975 1.2 Tinh hinh Viet Nam, Lao sau nam 1975 va vi tri cua quan he hap lac loan dien giua hai nir6c 15 1.3 Hap lac Viet Nam - Lao linh virc chinh tri, quoc phong, an n i n h ( - 1990) 25 1.4 Quan he hap lac Viet Nam - Lao Imh virc kinh te, van hoa 35 1.5 Mot vai nhan xel ve quan he hap lac Viet Nam - Lao giai doan - 1990 40 CHl/ONG 2: QUAN HE HOP TAG TOAN DIEN VIET NAM - LAO TRONG GIAI DOAN 1991- 2000 43 2.1 Quan he hap lac chinh tri, quoc phong, an ninh 44 'y 2.2 Hap lac Viet Nam - L a o llnh virc kinh te 1991 - 0 53 ^ 2.2.1 Hap tac ITnh vuc nong, lam nghiep 56 2.2.2 Hap lac ve giao thong van tai 59 2.2.3 Hap tac ve thuang mai 64 2.2.4 Hap tac ve dau tir 72 2.2.5 Hap tac Viet Nam - Lao linh virc nang lirang 75 2.2.6 Hap tac Viet Nam - Lao phat irien Tieu vung MeKong ma rong 78 2.2.7 Hap tac Viet Nam - Lao ITnh virc giao due dao lao 80 2.3 Nhan xet chuang 85 GHl/ONG 3: MOT SO DANH GIA CHUNG VE THUAN LOl, KHO KHAN VA MOT VAI KHUYEN NGHI QUAN HE HOP TAG VIET NAM - LAO 88 3.1 Ve Ihuan lai 88 3.2 V e k h o khan 91 3.3 Mot so khuyen nghi 94 3.3.1 Ve kinh te - xa hoi 94 3.3.2 Ve giao due va dao lao 97 3.3.3 GiiJ gin va phat huy Iruyen thong quan he Viet Nam - Lao 98 G KETLUAN 102 GHU THIGH 105 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 109 A.PHANMaDAU 1) V nghia khoa hoc cua de tai Viet Nam va Lao la hai quoc gia lang gieng gSn giii, ciing chung song lau dofi Iren ban dao Dong Duang, c6 quan he mat thiet gSn bo v6i ve nhieu mat Sau nam 1975, nu6c Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao dirac lap, moi quan he giua hai nu6c bu6c vao giai doan mdi, tiT quan he chu yeu giiJa hai dang, nhan dan hai nucfc chuyen sang quan he loan dien giua hai dang, hai nha nu6c va nhan dan hai nirdc; tijr quan he chu yeu ve chinh tri, quan sir, ngoai giao chuyen sang quan he loan dien ca ve chinh tri, an ninh, quoc phong, kinh te, van hoa, khoa hoc ky ihual va doi ngoai Sir ddi cua nu6c Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao va nu6c Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam - hai nha nude doc lap, c6 chu quyen la dac diem 16n nhal, quan nhat, chi phoi sau s^c moi quan he giiia hai nu6c Tuy nhien, lijf sau nam 1975, quan he Viet Nam - Lao da dien boi canh quoc te vira c6 nhieu thuan lai, vira nhieu kho khan phirc lap m6i Nen kinh le Viet Nam sau chien Iranh gap khong ft kho khan Song, vdfi linh than dong cam cong kho, "hat gao chia doi, cong rau be nua", Viet Nam vSn danh mot lire luang can bo, chuyen gia va ca sa val chat ky thuat can thiet giup Lao liing buac khoi phuc, phat Irien kinh le, van hoa Dac biet theo yeu cau cua Dang va Nha nir6c Lao, lire luang tinh nguyen Viet Nam da phoi hap vai lire luang vu trang Lao dap tan nhiing am muu phan loan ciia cac the luc phan dong nuac va quoc le, giup Lao giu vung duac nen doc lap va chu quyen, bao ve an ninh quoc gia va Irat lu xa hoi Do la ca sa quan trong, la dieu kien lien quyet de Lao khoi phuc va phat Iricn nen kinh te dal nude Tir nam 1986 den nay, hai nude Viet Nam va Lao deu lien hanh c6ng cuoc d6i mdi da't nude Hoa chung vdi cong cuoc doi mdi, quan he hap tac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao ciing cd nhung doi mdi ve noi dung, phuang ihufc hap tac nham dua quan he giua hai nude phat Irien cd hieu qua ca be rong va chieu sSu, giam dan linh bao cap, tap trung, chuyen sang san xuat, hach loan kinh doanh ciing cd lai Tir nhung noi dung neu iren cd the ihay ring, quan he hap lac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1975- 2000 khong chi la de lai khoa hoc Idn, ma mang y nghia ly luan va thuc tiSn quan Day la de lai duac nhieu gidi nghien ciru quan lam, da cd khong ft cong trinh, bai viel, ky yeu khoa hoc cua nhieu nganh, nhieu to chirc cua Viet Nam va Lao de cap den van de Tuy nhien, cang di sau tim hieu, chung loi cang nhan Ihay de tai can phai duac tap trung nghien cufu, he thong va loan dien han nira Tren ca sd do, chung la cd the rut nhung kinh nghiem quy bau gdp phan vao vice cung cd va phat Irien quan he hap lac loan dien giua hai nude giai doan mdi Vdi y nghia neu tren, chiing loi chon de lai: '"Quan he Viet Nam - Lao 1975-2000^^ lam de tai nghien curu cua minh 2) Muc dich nghien curu Muc dich cua de tai duac tap trung lam ro noi dung chu yeu sau: Thu: nhat, de tai tap trung lam ro quan he hap lac loan dien giiia hai dang, hai nha nude va nhan dan hai nude lir sau nam 1975 den nam 1990, tren ca sd dd, de tai se rut mot s6 nhan xel budc dau khang dinh quan he hap tac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1975-1990 se la ca sd quan trong, nen lang virng chSc cho quan he hap tac giua hai nude vao giai doan mdi Thit hai, de tai tiep luc lam ro quan he hap lac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1990 - 2000 Tren ca sd trinh bay va phan tich cac linh vuc hap lac va nhung tuu cua cac linh vuc hap lac dd, de tai cung neu nhung nhan xet, chi nhiing diem lich cue va han che, lam ca sd cho quan he hap lac giua hai nude giai doan tiep theo Thit ba, qua nhung noi dung va tuu neu tren, de tai se rut mot sd danh gia chung ve thuan lai, khd khan va mot sd khuyen nghi budc dau ve quan he hap tac Viet Nam - Lao giai doan mdi 3) Lich su nghien cufu van de Quan he hap lac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1975 - 2000 la de lai khoa hoc cd y nghTa ly luan va thuc lien quan Day la mot chu de Idn lien quan den ddi song chinh tri, kinh te, van hoa, xa hoi tren pham vi ca hai nude han hai thap ky hap lac va phat trien Pham vi de lai duac nhieu gidi nghien cufu quan lam va da cho cong bd nhiing bao cao khoa hoc, lac pham, bai viel dang tren cac lap chi nghien curu, cac ky yeu hoi ihao khoa hoc Qua khao sat, chung loi cd the chia cac loai lai lieu cd lien quan Idi de tai nhung nhdm chu yeu sau day: Nhom thu: nhat, gdm cac lac pham, bai viel cua cac nha lanh dao cao cap cua hai dang, hai nha nude, lieu bieu la tac pham cua Ho Chi Minh va Cayxdn PhomvihSn Tac pham cua Ho Chi Minh gdm: Ho Chi Minh toan tap tit tap IV den tap A7/; xual ban iSn thu: hai; Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia; Ha Noi - 2000 Tac pham cua Cayxdn PhomvihSn: Mot vai kinh nghiem chinh va mot sd van de vS phwang hadng mdi cua each mang Lao, Nxb Sir that, Ha Noi - 1979; Ve cuoc each mang dan toe dan chu a Lao, Nxb Sir that Ha Noi - 1986; Nhiing lac pham tren la nguon tai lieu quan nghien ciiu ve ly luan chinh tri, quan sir, kinh te, ddi ngoai, cd lien quan idi quan he giiia Viet Nam va Lao Nhdm thti hai, bao gdm cac cong trinh cua cac nha nghien ciiu, di^n hinh la cac cudn: Lich suf Lao, Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hoi, Ha Noi 1997 cua Vien Nghien ciiu Dong Nam A; Quan he Viet - Lao Lao Viet (Ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hoe cua Trudng Dai hoc Tong hap Ha Noi; Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia; Ha Noi - 1993; Lich sir Dang Cong san Viet Nam, Tap cua Vien Nghien ciiu chu nghia Mac - Lenin va lu tudng Ho Chi Minh; Dang Cong san Viet Nam cac Dai hoi va Hoi nghi Trung nang, Nxb Chinh tri Quoc gia Ha Noi - 1998 cua PCS Le Mau Han; Viet Nam -ASEAN - Ca hoi va thach thtjtc{\.%p the tac gia) Nxb Chinh trj Quoc gia, Ha Noi - 1998; Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao 20 nam xay dixng va phat trien\ Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hoi Ha Noi 1995 ciia Tran Cao Thanh, Nhiing lac pham tren cung cap cho de tai nhieu tu lieu bo ich ve quan he hap lac loan dien Viel nam - Lao Irong each mang dan toe ciing nhu sir nghiep xay dung va bao ve d hai nude hien Nhdm thu: ba, gdm cac bai nghien ciiu dang tren cac lap chi: Tap chi Nghien ciiu Dong Nam A; Tap chi Nghien curu quoc te; Tap chi Thuang mai; Tap chi Nhirng van de kinh te the gidi Cd the ke den mot sd bai nghien ciiu lieu bieu sau: 25 nam hap tac kinh te, van hoa, khoa hoc ky thuat Viet Nam - Lao cua T.S Vii Cong Quy dang tren tap chi Nghien ciiu Dong Nam A sd (55) - 2002; Mot sdsuy nghi ve quan he hap tac kinh te Viet Nam - Lao ciia T.S Tran Cao Thanh tren lap chi Nghien ciiu Dong Nam A sd (45) - 2001; Nhin lai quan he hap tac Viet Nam - Lao tren ITnh virc chinh tri, an ninh va kinh tethdi ky 1991 - 2001 cua T.S Nguyen Hoang Giap, tren tap chi Nghien cufu Quoc te sd 41 - 2001; Hap tac Viet Nam - Lao linh virc xuat nhap khau hang hoa cua Tir Thanh Thuy, tren lap chf Nghien ciiu Dong Nam A sd (55) - 2002; NhOng tuu cong tac dao tao sink vien va nghien curu sinh Lao a Trudng Dai hoc Sir pham Ha Noi 25 nam qua cua PGS.TS Dinh Ngoc Bao va Viengvichit Sullhidet, tren tap chi Nghien cu-u Dong Nam A sd (55) - 2002; Dang Cong san Viet Nam vdi quan he Viet - Lao dau tranh giai phong din toe (1930 - 1975) cua TS Le Dinh Chinh dang ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hoc ky niem 70 nam lap Dang Cong san Viet Nam (3/2/1930 - 3/2/2000), Nxb Dai hoc Quoc gia - 2000 cac bai viel tren cd nhieu lien quan tdi mdi quan he dac biet va hap lac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao Nhiing nam gan day, da cd mot sd luan an lien sT su hoc nghien ciiu ve quan he Viet Nam - Lao, chang han: Qua trinh phat trien kinh te - xa hoi d Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao tir 1975 den ciia Tran Cao Thanh (Luan an lien sT khoa hoc lich su); Quan he Viet Nam -Lao giai doan 1954 - 1975 cudi Le Dinh Chinh (Luan an lien sT khoa hoc lich su) day la nguon lu lieu iham khao giiip cho de lai nghien ciiu ve quan he Viet Nam - Lao each mang dan toe va xay dung, phat trien kinh le xa hoi cua Lao sau giai phdng Nhu vay, cho den nay, chua cd mot cong trinh nao true tiep nghien ciiu mot each dSy du va cd he thong ve quan he hap lac loan dien Viel Nam Lao giai doan 1975 - 2000 Tir nhirng noi dung neu tren, chiing loi chon de tai: "Quan he Viet Nam - Lao 1975 - 2000" lam de lai nghien ciiu khoa hoc ciia minh 4) Phirang phap nghien curu: Phuang phap duac su dung chu yeu cho de lai la phuang phap nghien ciiu lien nganh va phuang phap lich su Ve phuang phap lien nganh se giup cho de lai xu ly tu lieu va xep sap van de cd tinh he thong cua cac Imh vuc ma de tai tap trung giai quyel Mat khac, phuang phap lich sir se giup cho de tai cau true noi dung cua chu de dudi gdc sir hoc ve ca lich dai va duang dai Ngoai nhiing phuang phap tren, de lai sir dung cac phuang phap he thong, 16 gich, long hap, phan lich va ihdng ke bang bieu vao chii de nghien ciiu 5) Nguon tu lieu sir dung cua de tai: Gdm cac bai viel, tac pham cua cac nha lanh dao ca'p cao cua hai dang, hai nha nude; cac van kien cua Dai hoi Dang Cong san Viet Nam va Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao Mat khac, de lai sir dung cac tac pham ciia cac lac gia nghien cufu ve Lao, cac ky yeu hoi thao khoa hoc; cac lap chi nghien ciiu; bao Nhan dan lir nam 1976 den nam 2000, Ngoai ra, de tai sir dung mot sd luan an lien sT sir hoc cd lien quan tdi noi dung cua de tai vao muc dich nghien ciiu 6) Ket qua nghien cufu 1) De tai long hap va phan lich nhieu tu lieu cd lien quan tdi quan he hap lac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1976 - 2000 2)Tap hap, he thdng cac giai doan hap lac va phat trien ciia Viet Nam - Lao de lao mot cai nhin toan dien, he ihdng, tir dd riil nhiing thuan lai, khd khan va mot sd khuyen nghi ddi vdi mdi quan he dal ca sd cho sir hap tac va phat trien cua hai nude Viel Nam va Lao cac giai doan hap tac tiep iheo 3) De lai la nguon tai lieu phuc vu cho cong lac giang day, nghien ciiu, iham khao d cac vien nghien ciiu va cac trudng dai hoc 7) De tai gom phan nhu sau: A Phan md dau B Phan noi dung Chuang 1: Hep tac toan dien Viet Nam -Lao giai doan 1976-1990 Chuang 2; Quan he hap tac toan dien Viet Nam - Lao giai doan 1991-^2000 Chuang ; Mot sd danh gia chung vS thuan lai, kho khan va mot vai khuyen nghi quan he hap tac Viet Nam - Lao C Ket luan Ngoai cd phan chii ihich va phan lai lieu iham khao B PHAN NOI DUNG CHUONG 1: HOP TAC TOAN DIEN VIET NAM - L A O TRONG GIAI DOAN 1976 - 1990 1.1 Vai net ve quan he doan ket dac biet Viet Nam - Lao trudc nam 1975 Quan he doan ket chien dau dac biet Viet Nam - Lao each mang dan toe da Irai qua nhirng chang dudng lau dai, day gian nan thir thach, cudi cung da dan den thang lai chung, hoan ve vang sir nghiep giai phdng dan toe, gianh doc lap, tu cho mdi nude va chung ca hai nude Day chinh la ket qua cua mot qua trinh ciing lien minh doan ket chien dau chdng ke ihii chung, thuc hien muc lieu chung, vi lai ich thiet ihuc cho mdi dan toe va ca hai dan loc Nhin long qual, quan he Viet Nam - Lao trudc nam 1975 noi len mot sd noi dung chu yeu sau: Viet Nam va Lao la hai quoc gia lang gieng gan gui, cd nhieu net luang dong ve cac yeu to dia - chinh tri, dia - kinh le, va dia - van hoa Tir bao ddi nay, hai nude da cd quan he vdi ve nhieu mat Dd khong chi la quan he cua hai nha nude doc lap cd chu quyen, ma la quan he lang gieng hiiu nghi cua cu dan hai nude, nhat la nhiing cu dan song doc d bien gidi Ngoai linh hiru nghi, than thudng xuyen qua lai tham vieng giiip da lan nhau, nhirng cu dan song doc d bien gidi "xay dung cuoc song theo tinh than ben anh cd ca ben la cd gao, va ho cang gan bd vdi han ho la nhirng ngudi hang xdm lang gieng anh em coc cheo la ho hang ba than thiet tir thiia nao"(l) Thuc lien lich sir da chiing minh rang, cuoc dung nude va giir nude, Viet Nam va Lao ciing chung canh ngo bi cac the luc xam pham cd gia tri ve quan he doan kel dac biet va sir hgp tac loan dien giua hai nude ban nua the ky qua Cudi ciing la, cdng lac luyen truyen va giao due nham phat huy truyen thdng quan he Viet Nam - Lao can phai dugc dua vao chuang trinh dao tao cac nha trudng thdng va dai hgc d hai nudc De lam lot edng viec tren, chiing tdi cho rang hai nha nudc ma true tiep la Bd Giao due va Dao tao hai nudc can cd ke hoach chu ddng phdi kel hgp bien soan tai lieu phu hgp vaf tirng cap hgc, sdm dua mdn hgc quan he giiia hai nudc vao chuang trinh dao lao va coi dd la mdn hgc bat budc nha Irudng Nhu vay, viec luyen Iruyen va giao due cho mgi tang lap cu dan d hai nudc, dac biet la the he Ire ve giir gin va phat huy truyen ihdng quan he Viet Nam - Lao la van de cd y nghTa thiet thuc, quan trgng, giai doan hien De thuc hien chii truang dd, hai ben can liep tuc cung cd ndi dung, hinh thiic va bien phap quan he, hgp lac cho phii hgp vdi dac diem va linh hinh cua tirng nudc, lirng giai doan, liep tuc di theo dudng hai dang da lira chgn, siic bao ve va phat trien di san quy bau cua hai dan tdc, lam cho hai nude vdn da gan bd vdi each mang dan tdc, cang gan bd chat che ban Irong sir nghiep xay dung va bao ve dal nude De thuc hien lot nhirng ndi dung neu tren, qua trinh hgp tac, hai nudc cSn triel de Idn cac nguyen tac sau: 1) Tdn trgng dgc lap chu quyen va loan ven lanh thd ciia nhau, binh dang, lu nguyen, dam bao ciing cd Igi, cd uu lien uu dai cho 2) Hel ldng giiip dd ve mgi mat, chdng tu tudng nudc Idn hay chu nghTa dan loc hep hdi, quan lam cham lo Igi fch chung, phat huy tfnh ddc lap sang tao va dac thii cua mdi ben, khac phuc kip thdi nhirng mau ihuSn sinh 100 3) Phai coi trgng cac thdng le qudc le, kel hgp vdi truyen thong quan he dac biet, can cd ca che chfnh sach ihieh hgp, cd hinh ihirc va phuang thiic phii hgp 4) Phai tang cudng quan he giiia hai dang, va md rong quan he giiia hai nha nude, coi trgng viec thudng xuyen trao doi y kien, ban bac thau dao mgi va'n de lien quan, lang nghe tdn trgng y kien cua nhau, bao dam ludn cd su nhat trf cao do, lao sir tin cay, gan bd Ihuc sir giira lanh dao hai ben, xay dung tinh cam chan thanh, tinh hiiu ai, linh th^n tuang trg lan cua nhan dan hai nudc Md rong hgp tac giiia cac to chu'c doan the, bd, nganh, dia phuang vdi sir tang cudng quan ly thdng nha't cua trung uang Tren day la mot sd khuyen nghi ve hgp lac kinh le, van hoa, giao due, khudn kho hgp tac loan dien va mgl vai net ve viec giir gin va phat huy Iruyen thdng quan he giiia hai nudc Viel Nam - Lao Chiing tdi cho rang, vdi kinh nghiem quan he hgp lac giira hai nudc ban nua the ky qua, nhat la tir sau doi mdi den nay, quan he hgp lac toan dien Viet Nam - Lao se liep luc phat trien len mot budc mdi, nhu Idi ddng chf Khamtay Xiphandon Chii tich Ban chap hanh Trung uang Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao khang dinh: Du thdi gian cd Irdi di, tinh binh khach quan cd thay doi nhung mdi quan he doan kei truyen thdng van mai mai irong sang Dugc nhu vay la nhd hai dang, hai nha nude ludn ludn nhan thiic rd ve lam quan Irgng sdng cdn va y nghTa to Idn cua mdi quan he va da chii y giao due cho can bd, dang vien, chien sT, cac tang Idp nhan dan cho den thieu nien nhan thu'c va liep luc nang niu, Iran Irgng mdi quan he dd Ddng thdi chiing la ciing dieu chinh ndi dung, hinh ihiic, bien phap va ca che quan he hgp tac cho phii hgp vdi dac diem tinh hinh tirng giai doan 101 C KET LUAN • Viet Nam va Lao la hai qudc gia lang gieng gan gui cd nhieu net tuang dong ve dia - chfnh tri, dia - kinh te, dia - van hoa Trong lich su, nhan dan hai nudc da ke vai sal canh sudt qua trinh dau Iranh lau dai chdng ngoai xam, vi nen ddc lap lu cho mdi nudc va ca hai nudc Mdi quan he hiiu nghi iruyen thdng, doan kel dac biet giira hai dang va nhan dan hai nude Hd Chf Minh va Cayxdn Phdmvihan khdi xudng da khdng ngirng dugc cac the he lanh dao hai dang, hai nha nudc, hai quan ddi va nhan dan hai nudc day cdng vun dap va phai trien, trd tai san vd ciing quy bau cua hai dan tdc Tir sau hoan cudc each mang dan tdc, mdi quan he hgp lac giiia hai nudc khdng ngirng dugc cung cd va phat trien Quan he giiia hai nude dugc chuyen sang mgl giai doan mdi va dugc nang len ngang tdm vdi nhiem vu each mang mdi Trong each mang dan loc, quan he Viet Nam - Lao chu yeu la quan he chfnh tri, quan sir, ngoai giao giiia hai dang va nhan dan hai nude Ihi den da chuyen sang quan he hgp tac loan dien ca ve chfnh tri, qudc phdng, an ninh, kinh te, van boa, khoa hgc ky thuat va ddi ngoai giira hai dang, hai nha nudc va nhan dan hai nudc Tren nen tang vdn cd cua quan he Iruyen ihdng, Hiep udc Hiru nghi va hgp lac Viet Nam - Lao (1977) khdng chi danh dau budc phat trien mdi quan he giiia hai nudc ma cdn la ca sd phap ly quan trgng cho hai nudc liep tuc day manh mdi quan he hgp tac loan dien Vi vay, hgp tac chfnh tri giiia hai nudc khdng ngirng dugc ciing cd va phat trien da trd ddng luc thiic day cac ITnh vuc hgp lac khac Hgp tac chat che ve qudc phdng va an ninh da giiip hai nudc dn dinh chfnh tri, trat tu xa hoi, dap lan cac am muu phan loan ciia cac the luc phan ddng nudc va qudc le 102 Dac di^m ndi bat giai doan la hai nude deu xac dinh hgp tac kinh te la nhiem vu trgng tam, la nen lang cua quan he toan dien, nen qua trinh hgp lac, hai ben deu ludn quan tam doi mdi ve chat lugng va hieu qua de luang xii-ng vdi quan he truyen Ihdng hiru nghi dac biet Thuc te cho thay, ndi dung hgp tac kinh te lir ca che lap trung bao ca'p da chuyen sang hach loan kinh doanh cung cd Igi, hap tac cd chien lugc, thdng qua lirng giai doan va bang viec ky cac hiep dinh, chuang trinh, du an Theo dd, ndi dung hgp lac kinh le giai doan da da dang ve nganh nghe, vdi phuang ihurc md rong nhu hgp doanh, lien doanh, nhan thau, vien trg khdng hoan lai, trao doi hang boa Hai ben ciing da cd sir uu lien, uu dai cho nhau, nhat la nhirng ITnh vuc ma phfa Lao can, chang ban nhu ITnh vuc ndng nghiep, lam nghiep, giao thdng van tai, giao due dao lao, thuang mai va du lich Tuy vay, nen kinh le cua hai nudc cdn ngheo, xuat phai diem thap nen qua trinh hgp tac, hai nudc cdn gap nhieu khd khan, nhat la thieu vdn va cdng nghe De khac phuc linh trang iren chiing tdi cho rang, hai nudc can phat huy Iriel de siic manh ndi lire va md rong kha nang hgp lac qudc le de thu hiit vdn dau tu cua ben ngoai va lap trung vao cac ITnh vuc hgp lac uu lien, trgng diem ban nira Budc sang the ky XXI, trudc nhiing khd khan, thuan Igi mdi cua linh hinh the gidi va khu vuc Dang va Nha nudc hai nudc can tiep luc tang cudng day manh quan he hgp tac giiia hai nudc len lam cao mdi, ngang tam vdi muc lieu chien luge da de Trong qua trinh hgp tac Dang, Nha nudc va nhan dan hai nude can liep luc thuc hien day dii cac nguyen tac qudc gia va thdng le qudc le, thuc hien binh dang, lir nguyen ciing cd Igi, dam bao uu lien, uu dai cho de ciing hgp lac va phat trien Ben canh dd, hai nudc can liep luc day manh quan he hgp tac theo hudng loan dien, va chat che cd hieu qua, lay nhiem vu hgp tac kinh le lam trgng tam, can soal lai va 103 b6 sung cho hoan chinh ca che hgp lac chfnh sach thfch hgp, hinh thiic va phuang thiic hgp lac phii hgp De lao dieu kien cho hgp lac dat hieu qua, hai ben cSn md rong han nira mdi quan he d cac cap bd, nganh, dia phuang, nha't la tang cudng vai trd lanh dao cua hai dang va hai nha nudc, day manh cdng lac qudc phdng, an ninh, kien quyel chdng lai ciia the luc thu dich va phan ddng cd am muu pha hoai, lam mat di su 6n dinh va phat trien cua hai nudc Tdm lai, quan he hgp tac loan dien Viet Nam - Lao ludn la sir nghiep chung cua hai dang, hai nha nudc va nhan dan hai nudc Vdi quan he truyen thdng hiiu nghi va tinh doan ket dac biet vdn cd, cung vdi nhiing kinh nghiem cua chang dudng quan he 70 nam qua, chiing tdi cho rang, quan he hgp lac Viel Nam- Lao se phat huy dugc hieu qua va khac phuc dugc nhirng khd khan, tirng budc ihuc hien cdng sir nghiep cdng nghiep boa, hien dai boa tren pham vi ca hai nudc 104 CHU THICH: (1) Xem: Tinh hiru nghi vi dai, tinh doan ket dac biet va sir hap tac loan dien Lao - Viet nam mai mai ben vung cua Kham phct pheng muang, Dai sii dac menh toan quyen nudc Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao tai Viet Nam; Quan he Viet - Lao, Lao - Viet (hoi thao khoa hoc Trudng Dai hoc Tdng hap Ha Noi); Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia; Ha Ndi - 1993, tr 12 (2) Cayxdn Phdmvihan: 25 nam chien dau va thang lai cua Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao; Nxb Su that Ha Noi - 1980, tr 12 (3) Xem: Le Dinh Chinh: Vai net ve su hinh va phat trien cua mdi quan he doan ket chien dau Viet Nam - Lao thdi ky 1930-1954; Tap chf Nghien cihi Ddng Nam A sd (52) - 2002 tr 22, 23 (4) Cayxdn Phdmvihan; Sdd; tr 14 (5) Hd Chf Minh toan tap (2000) tap VI, (1950 - 1952) xuat ban lan thu hai, Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Ndi, tr 174 (6) Quan he Viet - Lao Lao Viet (1993); Hdi thao khoa hoc trudng Dai hoc Tdng hap Ha Ndi; Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia, tr: 309 (7) Cayxdn Phdmvihan: Mot vai kinh nghiem chfnh va mot sd va'n de ve phuang phap mdi cua each mang Lao: Nxb Su that Ha Noi, 1979; tr43 (8) Dang Cdng san Viet Nam - Bao cao chfnh tri cua Ban Chap hanh Trung uang Dang tai Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc lan thii IV; Nxb Sir that Ha Ndi 1977; tr 41 (9) Dang Cdng san Viet Nam - Bao cao chfnh tri Sdd; tr 47 (10) Bao cao ciia ddng chf Cayxdn Phdmvihan tai Hdi nghi Bd Chfnh tri thang nam 1978; Thu vien quan ddi, ky hieu 1/ 78 4464 (11) Xem: Pham Xuan Que; Nhin lai 15 nam hap tac kinh te Viet Nam Lao (1976-1990) - thuc tifin, tiem nang va trien vong: Hoi thao khoa 105 hoc quan he Viet Lao - Lao Viet; Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia Ha Noi: 1993; tr 188 (12) Bao cao chfnh tri cua Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Dang Lao dong Viet Nam tai Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc lan thu IV; Nxb Su that; Ha Ndi 1977; tr: - (13) Bao cao chfnh tri cua Ban Chap hanh Trung ucmg Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao tai Dai hdi lan thir III ciia Dang Nxb Sir that, Ha Noi, 1983; tr :30 (14) Xem: Pham Xuan Que: Sdd; tr 190 (15) Xem: Pham Xuan Que; Sdd; tr 197 (16) Xem Vu Cong Quy: 25 nam hap tac kinh tc van hoa, khoa hoc ky thuat Viet Nam - Lao ; tap chf Nghien cuu Dong Nam a sd (55) 2002 (17) Xem Bao nhan dan 7/2/1976 (18) Xem: Diln van ciia ddng chf Cayxdn Phomvihan: bao Nhan dan 17/7/1977 (19) Bao Nhan dan: 24/2/1983 (tr 1-2) (20) Vien Nghien curu Ddng Nam A; Lich sir Lao; Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hoi Ha Ndi; 1997; tr 517 (21) Le Mau Han; Dang Cdng san Viet Nam cac Dai hoi va Hoi nghi Trung uong; Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia 1998 tr 141 (22) Dang Cdng san Viet Nam - Van kien Dai hdi Dai bieu toan qudc lan thir VI, tai lieu da dan; tr 99 (23) Dang Cdng san Viet Nam - Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu toan qudc lan thir VI; tai lieu da dan; tr 99 (24) Bao nhan dan 5/7/1989 Tr (25) Dai hdi III Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao Nxb Su that Ha Noi 1983, tr 22, 23 (26) Quan he Viet - Lao, Lao - Viet Sdd; tr 195 106 (27) Xem: Vii Cdng Quy: 25 nam hap tac kinh te - van hoa khoa hoc ky thuat Viet Nam - Lao Tai lieu da dan: tr (28) Xem: Vu Cdng Quy; tai lieu da dan; tr (29) Xem: Vii Cdng Quy; tai lieu da dan, tr (30) Xem: Tran Cao Thanh, Mot sd suy nghi v^ quan he hap tac kinh te Viet Nam - Lao; Tap chf Nghien ciru Dong Nam A, sd (49) - 2001, tr41 (31) Bao Nhan dan: 17/8/1992 Tri, (32) Xem: Nguygn Hoang Giap; tai lieu da dan; tr (33) Dan theo Tap chf Qudc phdng toan dan (ca quan ly luan quan sir va chinh tri cua Dang uy quan su trung uang va Bd Qudc phong Cong hoa xa hdi chu nghTa Viet Nam.; sd 1-1995; tr : 25 (34) Xem: Vu Cdng Quy; tai lieu da dan; tr (35) Xem: Vu Cong Quy; tai lieu da dan; tr (36) Xem: Vu Cdng Quy; tai lieu da dan; tr (37) Xem : Bao Nhan dan 15/5/2000 ((38) Xem: Tijr Thanh Thuy: Hop tac Viet Nam - Lao ITnh vuc xuat nhap khau hang hoa; Tap chf Nghien cuu Dong - Nam A sd (55) 2002, tr 19 (39) Xem: Tir Thanh Thuy ; tai lieu da din, tr; 22 (40) Dan Theo: Tir Thanh Thuy, tai lieu da dan tr 26 (41) Xem: Vii Cdng Quy; 25 nam hap tac kinh te, van hoa, khoa hoc ky thuat ; tai lieu da dan, tr 13 (42) Xem : Nguy6n Hoang Giap; Nhin lai hap tac ; tai lieu da dan; tr 110 (43) Xi Xa Na Xi Xdn (chu bien) Cayxdn Phdmvihan ngudi ciia nhan dan; Uy ban Khoa hoc Xa hdi nha nudc, 1991, tr 98 ban tieng Lao (44) Xem : Viengvichit Siitthidel: Mot sd tuu cua sir hap tac gitra nganh giao due Viet Nam va nganh giao due Lao nhirng nam vira qua (Ky yeu hdi thao khoa hoc 107 thuc tien tinh hii'u nghi doan ket dac biet Viet Nam - Lao truyen thdng va trien vong); Bao tang Hd Chf Minh 11/31/2002; tr 128 (45) Xem: Kham phet pheng muang: Tinh hiru nghi vT dai, tinh doan ket dac biet va su hap tac toan dien Lao - Viet Nam mai mai ben virng; (Ky yeu hdi thao khoa hoc: Quan he Viet - Lao, Lao - Viet) Nxb Chfnh tri qudc gia, H 1993; tr 17 (46) Xem : Tran Bao Minh; Thuc hien hop tac giiip dd eua Viet Nam danh cho Lao; Tap chf Nghien curu Ddng Nam A sd (55) 2002; tr 39 (47) Xem: Vii Cdng Quy; tai lieu da din; tr 12 (48) Xem: Vii Cdng Quy, tai lieu da din, tr 15 (49) Xem: Vu Cdng Quy, tai lieu da din; tr (50) Xem: bao Nhan dan, 19/7/1977; tr (51) Xem: Trln Cao Thanh; tai lieu da din, tr 49 (52) Din theo: Le Thi Liem; Quan he dac biet Viet Nam - Lao mot mlu hinh cua tinh lang gieng, anh em va ddng chf (Ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hoc - thuc tien tinh hiJu nghi doan kel dac biet, Viet Nam Lao truyen thdng va trien vong) ciia Bao tang Hd Chf Minh, Dai sir quan Cdng hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao tai Cdng hoa xa hoi chii nghTa Viet Nam, Ngan hang lien doanh Lao - Viet 108 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO 1) Quan he Viet - Lao Lao - Viet (Hdi thao khoa hoc Trudng Dai hoc Tdng hap Ha Ndi); Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Noi - 1993 2) Lich siiLao: 1997 Tap thi tac gia, Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hoi; Ha Noi - 3) Viet Nam - ASEAN; Ca hoi va thach thirc Tap the tac gia, Nxb Chinh tri Qudc gia; Ha Noi 1998 4) Cayxdn Phdmvihan; Ve cuoc each mang dan tgc dan chu a Lao; Nxb Su that, Ha Ndi 1996 5) Bao cao tSng ket quan he hap tac kinh te - van hoa khoa hoc ky thuat Viet Nam - Lao thai ky 1996 - 2000 va nam 1996, Tai lieu luu trii tai vu Chau A 2- Bd Ngoai giao 6) Hiep dinh Hap tac kinh te, van hoa, khoa hoc ky thuat giira Chinh phu Cong hoa xa hoi chu nghia Viet Nam va Chfnh phu Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao nam 1998; luu trir tai vu Chau A - Bo Ngoai giao 7) Cayxdn Phdmvihan; JVfgt vai kinh nghiem chfnh va mot so' van de ve phwang hudng mdi cua each mang Lao, Nxb Su that - Ha Noi 1979 8) Bd Giao due va Dao tao (2002); Tai lieu Hoi nghi long kel 10 nam hap tac giao due va dao tao Viet Nam Lao (1991-2001) 9) Dang Cong san Viet Nam; Van kien Dai hdi dai bieu toan qudc lln thir VI; Nxb Su that Ha Ndi 1987 10) Le Mau Han, Dang Cong sin Viel Nam cac Dai hoi va Hoi nghi Trung uang, Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Noi - 1998 11) Tap chf Giao due mdi nam Ihii 2, sd 5, thang 1/1997 (lieng Lao) 12) Tap chf Anh Duang mcii6l\9?^l (lieng Lao) 109 13) Tap chf Anh Throng mdi Al\992 (tieng Lao) 14) Bao cao cua dong chf Cayxdn Phomvihan tai Hoi nghi Bg Chfnh tri Lao thang 7/1978 (Thu vien Quan ddi, ky hieu — 4464 78 15) Nguyin Hoang Giap; Nhin lai quan he hap tac Viet Nam - Lao tren Imh vuc chfnh tri an ninh va kinh te thdi ky 1991 - 2001; Tap chf Nghien curu Qudc te sd 41, Ha Ndi 2001; tr 3-14 16) Dai hoi LV Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao, Nxb Sir that; Ha Ndi 1987 17) Mudi nam xay dung kinh te - xa hoi a Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao; Vieng Chan, 1985 18) So lieu thdng ke phat trien kinh le - xa hoi Cong hoa dan chu nhan din Lao (1975-1995) - Vieng Chan, 2000 19) Tran Cao Thanh; Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao 20 nam xay dung va phat trien; Nxb Khoa hoc xa hdi, H 1995 20) Tran Cao Thanh; Mot sd suy nghi ve quan he hgp lac kinh le Viet Nam -Lao; Tap chf Nghien ciru Ddng Nam A, sd (49); 2001 21) Tran Cao Thanh; Khu vuc mau dich tu ASEAN hoi nhap ciia Viet Nam; Tap chf Nghien ciru Dong Nam A, sd (2001) 22) Bd Ke hoach va Dau tu, Bd Thuang mai,- Cac hao cao ve linh hinh thuc hien hap tac kmh le, van hoa khoa hgc ky thual Viel Nam Lao (cac nam 1993-2000) 23) Dai sir quan Viet Nam tai Lao; Bao cao linh hinh hoal dong cua cac doanh nghiep tu nhan Viel Nam lai Lao va mgl sd kien nghi lir cac nam 1996 den 2000 24) Dudng di Idi tuang lai (lap thd lac gia) Nxb Hoi Nha van va Tdng cdng ty x a y dung cdng trinh giao thdng Ha Ndi -20()() (248 trang) 110 25) Con dudng tinh nghia - Tir cong trudng Lao Cai 114 den Cong ty dudng 126; Nxb Giao thdng van tai, Ha Ndi - 2001 (282 trang) 26) Pham Dire Thanh - Truang Duy Hoa (Chu bien;, Kinh te cac nudc Ddng Nam A, Nxb Khoa hoc Xa hdi, Ha Ndi (320 trang) 27)Udng Trln Quang; Kinh te Lao va qua trinh chuyen ddi ca cau, Nxb Khoa hgc Xa hdi, Ha Noi - 1999 (261 trang) 28) Bao tang Hd Chf Minh, Dai su" quan Cdng hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao tai Cdng hoa xa hoi chii nghTa Viet Nam, Ngan hang Lien doanh Lao - Viet; Ky yeu Hdi thao khoa hoc - Thuc tien tinh hiru nghi doan ket dac biet Viet Nam - Lao, truyen thdng va trien vgng Ha Ndi - 7/2002 29) Bao cao Chfnh tri cua Ban chap hanh Trung uang Dang Nhan dan each mang Lao tai Dai hoi VII thang 3/2001 (Ban dich tieng Viel) 30) Bd Ke hoach va Dau tu, Vu Quan ly du an dau lu nudc ngoai; Bao cao linh hinh Irien khai du an dSu lu ciia Viel Nam sang Lao; Ha Ndi 3/2002 31) Chuang trinh phat trien cua Lien hap qudc; Bao cao phat Irien ngudi nam 1999 (sach tham khao) Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Noi - 2000 (280 trang) 32) Mai Qudc Anh; Quan he thuang mai giira Viet Nam va Lao hien Tap chf Thuang mai thang 7/2000 33) Nguyen Le Thi, Truang Duy Hoa; Quan he kinh te Lao - Thai Lan (De tai khoa hgc cap Vien); tu lieu phdng nghien cuu Lao, Vien Nghien curu Ddng Nam A, Ha Ndi - 2000 (172 trang) 34) Tran Khanh (Chu bien); Lien ket ASEAN bdi canh loan ca'u hoa, Nxb Khoa hgc Xa hoi Ha Ndi 2002, (249 trang) 35) Vu Cdng Quy; 25 nam hgp lac kinh le van hoa khoa hgc ky Ihual Viet Nam - Lao Tap chf Nghien ciru Ddng Nam A sd (55) 2002, tir tr 3-17 Ill 36) Dinh Ngoc Bao; Viengvichit Sutthidet, Nhirng tuu cdng tac dao tao sinh vien va nghien cutu sinh Lao a Trudng Dai hgc Su pham Ha Ndi 25 nam qua Tap chf Nghien cihi Ddng Nam A, sd (55) - 2002, tir trang 30 den trang 37 37) Tran Bao Minh; Thuc hien hap tac giup dd cua Viet Nam danh cho Lao; Tap chf Nghien cuu Dong Nam A; Sd (55) - 2002 tir trang 38-43 38) Nguyen Dinh Ba; Hgfp tac diu tu Viet Nam va Lao, thuc trang va giai phap; Tap chf Nghien ciru Ddng Nam A; Sd (55) - 2002 tir trang 44 den trang 47 39) Le Dinh Chinh; Vai net ve quan he Viet Nam - Lao thdi ky 1954 - 1975; Tap chf Nghien curu Ddng Nam A sd (55) - 2002 lir trang 48 den trang 54 40) Le Dinh Chinh; Vai net ve quan he Viet Nam - Lao each mang giai phdng dan tgc thdi ky 1954 - 1975; Tap chf Nghien ciiru Ddng Nam A; Sd (46) - 2001 Tir trang 59 den trang 63 41) Le Dinh Chinh; Vai net ve su hinh va phai trien cua mdi quan he doan kit chien dau Viet Nam - Lao thdi ky 1930 - 1954; Tap chf Nghien cii-u Ddng Nam A; Sd (52) - 2002; tir trang 22 de'n trang 27 42) Le Dinh Chinh; Dang Cong san Viet Nam vdi quan he Viet - Lao dau tranh giai phdng dan ^pc (1930 - 1975); Ky yeu Hoi thao khoa hoc ky niem 70 nam lap Dang Cdng san Viet Nam (3/2/1930 - 3/2/2000), Nxb Dai hoc Qudc gia Ha Ndi - 2000 43) Le Dinh Chinh; Quan he doan kel chien dau bao ve dgc lap dan loc Viet Nam - Lao 1954 - 1975 dac diem quan he vii bai hgc kmh nghiem; Ma sd QX 2000.09 (De lai nghien ciru cap Dai hoc Qudc gia); Nghiem thu thang 7/2002; 150 Irang danh may khd A4 112 44) Keng Lao Blia Yao; Thanh tuu cua nen giao due ndng thdn Lao (1975-2000); Tap chi Nghien ciiu Ddng Nam A; Sd (52); Tir trang 28 den trang 33 45) Keng Lao Blia Yao; Ndng nghiep Lao 25 nam phat trien (19752000); Tap chi Nghien cii-u Ddng Nam A Sd (48) 2001 46) Chau Anh; Quan he huu nghi dac biet va help tac toan dien Viet Lao, Tap chf Thuang mai; Sd 35, Ha Ndi - 2002, tijr trang 16-17 47) Nguyen Hoang Giap, Tdng quan 10 hap tac kinh te thuang mai giffa Viet Nam va Lao (1991 - 2001), Tap chf Nhung van de kinh te the gidi, Ha Ndi - 2002; Sd tr 42 den 47 48) Vii Duang Huan, Quan he dac biet Viet - Lao, tuu va trien vgng Tap chf Nghien curu qudc te, Ha Ndi - 2002; Sd 46, trang den 20 49) Pham Thi Hdng Thanh, Quan he thuang mai Viet Nam - Lao, Tap chi Nghien curu qudc te; (sd 46) Ha Ndi 2002 tir trang 30 den 35 50) Tir Thanh Thuy; Quan he Thuang mai Viet Nam - ASEAN, Tap chf Nhirng van de kinh te the gidy; sd 4, Ha Ndi - 1997; tr 12 - 16 51) Tiir Thanh Thuy; Tinh hinh trao ddi hang hoa eua Vict Nam qua cac cua khiu va bien gidi Cong hoa dan chu nhan dan Lao; Tap chf Nhirng van de kinh te the gidi sd (55) 1998; tr 67-70 52) Tu" Thanh Thuy; Hap lac Viet Nam - Lao llnh vuc xuat nhap khau hang hoa Tap chf Nghien cii-u Ddng Nam A; Sd (55) 2002, tir trang 18 den trang 39 53) Dang Thanh Toan, Nguyin Thi Phuang Nam; Quan he hgp lac thuang mai Viet Nam - Lao, thuc trang va giai phap Tap chf Nghien cim Ddng Nam A, Ha Ndi - 2000, Sd (43), tir trang 22-27 54) Dang Thanh Toan, Nguyen Thi Phuang Nam.- Budc dau lim hieu ve quan he hgp tac loan dien giiia hai nudc Viel Nam 113 Liio irong ihdi ky dSi mdi Tap chi Nghien curu Ddng Nam A, Ha Ndi-2000; Sd (41), trang - 55) Tdng cue Thdng ke; Xu^t nhap khau hang hoa Viet Nam 2000, Nxb Thdng ke Ha Ndi - 2002 56) Tdng cue Thdng ke, Vu tong hgp va Thong tin; Tu lieu kinh te cac nudc vien ASEAN, Nxb Thdng ke Ha Ndi - 2001 57) Uy Ban ke hoach nha nudc, Trung tam thong tin: Hoa nhap vao thi trudng ASEAN; Ha Noi - 1995 58) Bao Nhin dan tir nam 1976 den nam 2001 59) Hd Chf Minh loan tap; Tap V (1947 - 1949); Tap VI (1950 1952); Tap VII (1953 - 1955); Tap X (1960 - 1962); Tap XI (1963 - 1965), Tap XII (1966 - 1969), Xual ban lan thir hai, Nxb Chfnh tri Qudc gia Ha Ndi - 2000 60) Ban chap hanh Dang bd phd Ha Noi; Thong bao noi bg (phuc vu sinh hoal chi bd) (Mat); thang 6/2002, Ban TuyCn giao; Quan he Viet - Lao tir trang 27 den trang 28 61) Thudng true phan ban hap tac Viet Nam - Lao; Bao cao ve quan he hgp tac kinh te' - Van hoa vdi Lao nam 1994 - 1995 (Luu trir lai Vu Chau A Bd Ngoai giao) 62) Trung tam Khoa hoc Xa hdi va Nhan van Qudc gia (8/2002;, Ky yeu Hdi thao 25 nam quan he hgp tac hiru nghi Viet - Lao va 40 nam ky quan he ngoai giao giua hai nudc 114