Đảm bảo chất lượng đào tạo của các trường đại học tư thục tại thành phố hồ chí minh theo AUN QA tt tieng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING VINH UNIVERSITY VO VAN TUAN QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRAINING OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN HO CHI MINH CITY UNDER AUN-QA Major: Education management Code: 9140114 SUMMARY OF DOCTORAL THESIS IN EDUCATIONAL SCIENCE NGHE AN - 2020 The thesis has been completed at Vinh University Scientific instructors: Dr PHAN QUOC LAM Assoc Prof., Dr PHAM VAN SON Opponent 1: Opponent 2: Opponent 3: The thesis is defended at the Council of Doctoral Thesis Examiners at Vinh University At on month 2020 The thesis may be searched at: - National Library of Vietnam - Nguyen Thuc Hao Information Center & Library, Vinh University PREAMBLE Necessity of researched theme The education quality in general and the tertiary education quality in particular have been and shall always be the top concern of the whole society, management authorities at all levels, and scientists in all countries in the world Therefore, like other education institutions, the effort of improving the training quality is always considered as the most important task of universities Not only that, in the current context of globalization regarding the human resources and international integration of education, the tertiary education quality not only meets the national standards but also reaches the regional and international standards Over nearly 30 years of innovation, our country’s tertiary education system has strongly developed in scope and diversity in types of universities and training forms The tertiary education takes the initial steps to adjust the system structure, improve the training program and process in the modern direction However, besides the huge achievements, the Vietnamese tertiary education has still existed many limitations “The most significant limitation of our country’s tertiary education today is that the training quality has not met the requirements of the country’s socio-economic development and if there is no drastic and effective remedy, the country will lose the important competitive advantage in terms of quality and quantity of human resources” (Resolution No 32 of the Party Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, 2014) In spite of only 20 years old, the private universities have held an important role in the tertiary education system, contributing to satisfying the learning needs of the society and making a significant contribution to training the highly qualified human resources for the country Besides these basic achievements, the private universities have still existed some weaknesses and shortcomings in the management in general and the management of training activities in particular One of the basic reasons is that the quality assurance in training at the private universities has not been properly taken into consideration, not proposed and implemented the solutions that are scientifically based and practical to the quality assurance in training Ho Chi Minh City is the largest, dynamic and most developed economic center in the country This local has also had the highest number of private universities among 63 provinces/cities However, like private universities across the country, the training quality of private universities Ho Chi Minh City has still existed many inadequacies, not meeting the requirements of the society That obstructs the development of large number of universities, even threatened to not exist To improve the training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, it is necessary to have a system of comprehensive solutions In which, the work of quality assurance in training with the scientifically sound and practical solutions is one of the first important duty That is also the rationale for me to choose the “Quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN-QA” as my thesis theme Purposes of research Based on the theoretical and practical research, the thesis proposes the solutions of quality assurance in training under AUN-QA, thereby contributing to improve the training quality of the private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, meeting the needs of developing high quality human resources in Ho Chi Minh City and the Southeastern Vietnam Subject and object of research 3.1 Subject of research: Management of training quality of private universities 3.2 Object of research: Quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City Scientific hypothesis Currently, in Vietnam and other countries around the world, there are many models of quality assurance in training in the universities However, the training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City has mostly not reached the regional and international standards One of the important reasons is that the quality assurance in training of the universities has still existed many shortcomings, the suitable model of quality assurance in training has not been selected to improve the training quality It is possible to improve and enhance the training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, if the solutions of quality assurance in training under AUN-QA are proposed and carried out Mission and scope of research 5.1 Mission of research 5.1.1 Systematize to classify the theoretical basis of the quality assurance in training of private universities under AUN-QA 5.1.2 Survey and assess the actual conditions of the training quality, quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN-QA 5.1.3 Propose the solutions of the training quality, quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN-QA 5.1.4 Survey the necessity, feasibility and test some proposed solutions of the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 5.2 Scope of research - Currently, in the world there are models of quality assurance in training of universities, including: testing, evaluation and audit The other factor model is the presentation of basic models, including AUN-QA The thesis approaches the research under AUN-QA because of its suitability to the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City The quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA includes levels: strategic quality assurance; systematic quality assurance; training program quality assurance with versions At all levels there is external quality assurance and internal quality assurance The thesis focuses on the quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA at the internal systematic quality assurance with version including 12 standards - In relation to the training quality and quality assurance in training, there are groups of customers: Internal group of customers (managerial staff, lecturers) and external group of customers (students, parents, human resource users) In the research scope of the thesis, the author focuses on researching the internal group of customers The external group of customers (the group of parents are not researched) was collected additional information for the research data from the internal group of customers - Survey the actual conditions of training quality and quality assurance in training of 381 subjects at 06 universities, including: Van Lang University; Van Hien University; University of Economic and Finance; Nguyen Tat Thanh University; Hong Bang International University; Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) - Survey the necessity and feasibility of proposed solutions for the subjects of Van Lang University and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Test 02 proposed solutions at Van Lang University Approach and method of research 6.1 Approach: T Systematic approach; Change management approach; Approach to AUN-QA (ASEAN University Network) quality assurance model; Market approach 6.2 Methods of research During the research, we have used the following groups of research methods: Theoretical research; Practical research; Mathematical statistics Theoretical points to be defended 7.1 Quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City is an aspect of quality assurance Therefore, the content and method of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City shall both comply with the content and method of quality assurance in general, and conform to the training characteristics of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 7.2 The training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City has been enhanced over the past time but still has certain limitations To improve the training quality, the private universities are required to implement the quality assurance in training The model of quality assurance in training under AUN-QA has many advantages, suitable to the private universities, but the actual conditions of the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN-QA has not met some criteria yet Therefore, the implementation of the quality assurance in training under AUN-QA is an indispensable requirement of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 7.3 Organize to raise the awareness on the training quality, ensure the training quality under AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students; Develop the system of policies on the quality assurance in training under AUN-QA; Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training under AUNQA; Organize the training activities in the direction of meeting the requirements of AUN-QA; Build a learning environment for students under AUN-QA are solutions that private universities in Ho Chi Minh City need to implement to effectively apply the AUN-QA model in trainer assurance, thereby contributing to improving the training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City New contributions of the thesis - Establish a logical framework of the quality assurance in training of private universities according to AUN-QA - Objectively evaluate the actual conditions of training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA with 11 elements - Objectively evaluate the actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA with 12 standards - Propose the solutions of thequality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA Structure of the thesis In addition to the Preamble, Conclusions and Recommendations, References and Annexes, the thesis includes chapters: Chapter 1: Theoretical basis of quality assurance in training of private universities according to AUN-QA Chapter 2: Actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA Chapter 3: Solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRAINING OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES ACCORDING TO AUN-QA 1.1 Overview 1.1.1 Inherited theoretical points - The quality assurance in training of universities is a meaning full work that has a decisive meaning to the existence and development of the tertiary education institutions in our country in general and of private colleges in particular Therefore, the implementation of quality assurance in training in private universities is an necessary work - The quality assurance in training is an important component of the quality control in training, therefore, the implementation of quality assurance in training must be attached to the renewal of management of tertiary education institutions The quality assurance in training in tertiary education requires the synchronous implementation and comprehensive renovation of the external and internal factors of the management system of the tertiary education institutions In which, the most important factors are the quality management of the institutions in the national tertiary education system, in accordance with the specific conditions of the region and of universities - The implementation of quality assurance in training of the universities and tertiary education system requires the innovative efforts of the leaders and education managers, the active and voluntary participation of all members of the universities, requirements and social support - The implementation of quality assurance in training of the universities, especially private universities is aimed at enhancing the training quality of the universities, thereby, improving the physical and spiritual benefits of the university members - The quality assurance in training of universities in Vietnam shall be similar to the universities in the region and around the world In the current conditions in Vietnam, it is advisable to apply the model of quality assurance of Southeast Asian countries which have the development fundamental of tertiary education is not too far from Vietnam 1.1.2 The issues which have not been studied or studied inadequately - In the current conditions, the research of quality assurance in training is both general and specific Currently, there are only theoretical studies on the quality control in training, not involved deeply in the quality assurance in training of tertiary education; there are few specific studies on the quality assurance in training of private universities - The studies on quality assurance in training and the application of quality assurance in training of universities in Vietnam have not yet specifically focused on any modern advanced model that has been and being applied in universities in the region and around the world 1.1.3 Issues which the thesis focuses on - Theoretical study of training quality, quality assurance in training of private universities under AUN-QA - Application of the theory of quality assurance in training according to AUNQA to the actual conditions of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City - Research and propose the solutions of enhancing the efficiency of quality assurance in training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN-QA 1.2 Some basic concepts 1.2.1 Training Training is “a systematic, methodical process of transferring the experiences, knowledge, professional skills, while fostering the necessary ethical qualities and preparing the mind and physical conditions for learners to the independent working life and contribute to building and defending the country” Training includes the following phases: Enrollment, training process and outputs Customers of training process include: external customers (learners; students’ parents; managers; employers); Internal customers (lecturers; staff) 1.2.2 Training activities of private universities The training activities of private universities is the process of tertiary training with the basic common points of tertiary training under the specific conditions of private universities According to the Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on tertiary education (2018), Vietnamese tertiary education institutions are organized in types: Public universities and private universities These two types are equal before the law However, the private universities in Vietnam have some basic characteristics of training, different from public universities such as: owner; organization and management; infrastructure; finance; study program; training sections; job opportunities; entrance level of students 1.2.3 Training quality of private universities The quality is the conformity of the product with the set objectives, the satisfaction of the involved parties, at the most economical cost The tertiary education quality is the satisfaction of the university’s goals, the satisfaction of the stakeholders The training quality of private universities is the fulfillment of the training goals of private universities, satisfying the needs of customers, at the most economical costs 1.2.4 Quality assurance in training of private universities The quality assurance in training of private colleges are activities performed by the private universities during the training process to reach the training goals, satisfy the needs of customers, at the most economical costs 1.3 Quality assurance in training of universities in the world and the region currently 1.3.1 Models of quality assurance in training of universities in the world and the region currently Currently, there are many models of quality assurance being applied in the tertiary education in countries around the world as well as in the region Among them, the quality testing, quality assessment and quality audit are the three most common models of quality assurance available today All three of these models are aimed at reinforcement and improvement of quality 1.3.2 Models of assessment of training quality of universities in the world and the region currently Assessment of service quality t model according to SERVQUAL and SERVPERF; 4-level assessment of training performance by Donald Kirkpatrick; 5level assessment of training quality by Kaufman; Assessment of educational service quality according to the HedPERF; AUN-QA Each model has different characteristics, processes, and outputs, with its own 13 costs The quality assurance in training of private universities according to AUN-QA at the system level, inside the school (version 3.0) consists of 12 standards: Policy; Monitoring; Periodically review main activities (teaching, research, and community service); quality assurance of the student assessment; quality assurance of officials and employees; quality assurance of learning resources; quality assurance services to support learners; self assessment; internal appraisal; information system; information reveal; and quality handbook The quality assurance in training at private universitiess is affected by objective factors (urgent requirements of the education and training sector and of the whole society for the quality of training of private universities; The strong development of quality assurance activities about university education and in the countries in the region and all over the world; trend of international integration in training highly qualified workers) and subjective factors (perceptions of members of private universities on quality assurance activities; role of application quality assurance in training at private universities; international cooperation activities about quality assurance in training at private universities) Chapter ACTUAL CONDITIONS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRAINING OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN HO CHI MINH CITY ACCORDING TO AUN-QA 2.1 Overview of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 2.2 Survey of actual conditions 2.2.1 Objectives of survey Collect the practical information as a basis for analysis and assessment of the actual conditions of training quality and quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 2.2.2 Contents of survey - The actual conditions of training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA (11 standards); 14 - The actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA (12 standards); - The factors affecting the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 2.2.3 Objects of survey The thesis author selects the subjects of the survey including: managerial staff, lecturers of 06 private universities ini Ho Chi Minh City, namely Van Lang University; Van Hien University; University of Economic and Finance; Nguyen Tat Thanh University; Hong Bang International University; Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HUTECH) 2.2.4 Method of survey 1) Questionnaire in phases 2) In-depth interview: On the basis of the survey results, the research and development of interview questions include: Evaluation of the actual conditions of training quality according to AUN-QA and actual conditions of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA 2.2.5 Method of data processing 2.2.5.1 Analysis of quantitative data: The data collected from the questionnaire method are processed by SPSS software version 22.0 The statistical indicators are used in the analysis using descriptive statistics: percentage (%); average mark and standard deviation The indicators are used in the analysis using inference statistics: T-test, Cronbach’s Alpha The test results show that the validity and reliability of the scale are to ensure the necessary requirements of a research tool, allowing the thesis author to collect the objective information on the objects of survey 2.2.5.2 Analysis of qualitative data: The data collected from in-depth interviews, consulting experts, analyzing records are encrypted and processed according to the regulations 2.3 Actual conditions of training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA 15 The thesis surveys the actual awareness of training quality concept and the actual conditions of training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to 11 criteria of AUN-QA The results shown in Table are as follows: Table Actual conditions of training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to 11 criteria of AUN-QA No Contents Total p Mean SD Mean SD ĐTB ĐLC Output standards of training program 3.31 0.591 3.27 0.575 3,31 0,594 * Quality of training program 3.42 0.593 3.33 0.630 3,43 0,587 * Structure and contents of training program 3.35 0.636 3.36 0.508 3,35 0,654 * Training modes 3.30 0.643 3.23 0.636 3,31 0,644 * Examination and assessment of students’ learning activities 3.42 0.558 3.38 0.529 3,43 0,562 * Quality of lecturers 3.23 0.654 3.07 0.771 3,26 0,632 0,04 Quality of support staff 3.26 0.677 3.02 0.780 3,29 0,654 0,04 Quality of students and activities to support students 3.31 0.584 3.20 0.601 3,32 0,580 Infrastructure and equipment 3.19 0.714 3.05 0.720 3,21 0,712 0,04 * 10 Enhancement of quality 3.20 0.646 2.98 0.688 3,23 0,635 0,04 11 Students’ quality after graduation 3.18 0.670 3.02 0.727 3,20 0,658 0,04 Common 3.28 0.633 3.196 0.621 3,31 0,636 1: Maneger; 2: Lecturer 2.4 Actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA Regarding the actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA, the thesis author has surveyed the actual awareness of the concept and purpose of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA At the same time, the actual conditions of quality assurance 16 in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to the 12 criteria of AUN-QA is shown in Table as follows: Table Actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to the 12 criteria of AUN-QA Total p No Contents Policies of quality assurance 3.42 0.682 3.34 0.750 3,44 0,671 Supervision activities 3.08 0.459 3.08 0.582 3,09 0,471 * Periodical review of core activities 3.38 0.349 3.29 0.467 3,40 0,353 * Assessment of students’ learning activities 3.18 0.412 2.98 0.450 3,21 0,456 0,04 Quality Assurance of staff 3.18 0.298 3.17 0.316 3,19 0,422 Quality Assurance of learning documents 3.16 0.326 2.89 0.462 3,20 0,361 0,03 Quality Assurance of student supporting services 3.21 0.416 3.18 0.363 3,22 0,346 * Self-assessment 3.24 0.444 3.15 0.415 3,26 0,349 * Internal verification 3.19 0.462 3.16 0.369 3,20 0,330 * 10 Information system 3.21 0.419 3.10 0.386 3,22 0,356 * 11 Information disclosure 3.22 0.374 3.11 0.382 3,24 0,351 * 12 Formation of quality assurance manual 3.25 0.421 3.04 0.368 3,28 0,403 0,03 Common Mean SD Mean SD ĐTB ĐLC * 3.22 0.421 3.19 0.435 3,25 0,407 1: Maneger; 2: Lecturer 2.5 Actual conditions of impacts on the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA The quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City is influenced by many factors The determination of the impacts is the basis for the thesis author to propose the solutions of quality assurance in training of universities 2.6 Common assessment of actual conditions of training quality and quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA 17 2.6.1 Common assessment of actual conditions of training quality The training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City has some limitations, including: - The formation of output standards has not clearly reflected the requirements of stakeholders; - The examination and assessment of students’ learning activities have not been compatible with the output standards, not ensuring 2-way information; - The managerial staff and lecturers, student support staff are not qualified to implement the quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA, especially the issues such as academic freedom; - The learning environment for students is unsatisfactory, the laboratories and laboratory equipment to enhance their practice capacity in the training process have not been effectively exploited 2.6.2 Common assessment of actual conditions of quality assurance in training The quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City has still existed some limitations as follows: - The policies of quality assurance in training have still not clearly reflected the role of stakeholders - The activities of connecting with the former students to get their feedback on the universities’ quality assurance in training have been ineffective - The information supply for the students has not been timely and complete The publication of complaint procedures has not been given due attention - The work of training and retraining, and fostering the capacity of the staff, officials and employees has not been carried out regularly and effectively - The computer systems serving the universities’ teaching activities have not been promptly checked 2.6.3 Reasons of shortcomings 2.6.3.1 Objective reasons - The science of management quality in general, quality assurance in training 18 in particular has not been studied by many experts and managers - The tertiary education in Vietnam is in the process of deep integration with the world’s education, facilitating the universities’ access to the advanced training technologies in general, and the model of quality assurance in training in particular However, the quality assurance in training has still been a relatively new activity for Vietnamese universities in general and private universities in particular The model of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA has not been applied and tested by the universities in Vietnam 2.6.3.2 Subjective reasons - The common awareness of training quality and quality assurance in training by the managers, lecturers and staff has been positively changed; however, the awareness of training quality and quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA point of view has not been clear and specific yet - The private universities have invested in the infrastructure and and equipment for the quality assurance in training but not been systematically comprehensive and complete yet The conclusion of chapter The thesis has surveyed 479 objects (of which: 381 people participated in the survey with questionnaires; 98 people participated in profound interviews) who were managers, teachers, and students (belonging to private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, including Van Lang University, Van Hien University, University of Economics Finance, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Hong Bang University, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology - Hutech) and business representatives using human resources The quantitative data were processed by SPSS software, which was tested for reliability and validity The research data above has helped the author of the thesis assess the status of training quality and quality assurance of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City in accordance with AUN-QA There are with some issues to note below: The surveyed objects were aware of the “good” ratings on training quality, quality assurance and the need for quality assurance in accordance with AUN-QA 19 However, it is very important to propagandize so that the training managers and teachers from private universities in Ho Chi Minh City have a better understanding of the concept of training quality and evaluation criteria of training quality of private universities The training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA is analyzed according to 11 standards Most of the criteria are surveyed and rated by the objects as "good" and "fair" The private universities in Ho Chi Minh City should note: The work of examining and evaluating the learning activities of students have not been compatible with the students’ output standards, and they haven’t ensured 2-way information, either The managers and the teaching staff, and support staff are not capable of carrying out the quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA, especially the issues such as academic freedom; The learning environment for students is not good enough, the laboratories and laboratory equipment to enhance their practical capacity in the training process have not been effectively exploited The reality of quality assurance of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City is analyzed according to 12 standards with 42 criteria The contents of the quality assurance in training are rated as "good" and "fair" None of them are rated as "average" However, a number of criteria in the standards should be noted more to improve the effectiveness of quality assurance in schools such as: The content of quality assurance policies has not clearly shown the role of related parties ; Activities to connect with former students to get their feedback on quality assurance of the school have not been effective yet.; The provision of information to students is not timely and sufficient The announcement of complaint procedures has not been given proper attention, so there is a lack of grounds for managers to correct mistakes if any; The training and improving of ability for the managers and lecturers have not been implemented regularly and effectively; the computer systems serving the school's teaching activities have not been promptly checked The quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City is affected by many factors The factors that have the "very influential" level consist of: awareness of the education and training sector as well as of the entire society; The trend 20 of international integration in training high quality human resources; The role of quality assurance units in private universities… Chapter SOLUTIONS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRAINING OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN HO CHI MINH CITY ACCORDING TO AUN-QA 3.1 Principles of proposing the solutions: Guaranteed purpose; systematic and synchronous features; practicality; efficiency; feasibility 3.2 Solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City 3.2.1 Organize to raise the awareness of training quality, ensure the training quality according to AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students 3.2.2 Develop the system of policies on the quality assurance in training under AUN-QA 3.2.3 Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA 3.2.4 Organize the training activities in the direction of satisfaction with the requirements of AUN-QA 3.2.5 Build a learning environment for students under AUN-QA 3.3 Relationship of solutions On the theoretical and practical basis, the thesis proposes 05 solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City Each solution has its own role, meaning, and unified system The solutions have the close, organic, interactive, complementary and support relationship 3.4 Exploration of the necessity and feasibility of the solutions 3.4.1 Purpose and contents of the exploration Collect the evaluation opinions of the surveyed subjects on the necessity and feasibility of the solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, thereby giving the correlation between the necessity and the feasibility 21 of the solutions 3.4.2 Methods of exploration The thesis has used the questionnaires to obtain the opinions of subjects of exploration on the proposed solutions 3.4.3 Subjects of exploration The exploration has been conducted on 95 subjects including: Managerial staff (18), lecturers (77) of Van Lang University and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology 3.4.4 Processing of tested data 3.4.5 Results of exploration All solutions proposed by the thesis are assessed by the subjects at the level “very necessary” (average mark of all 05 solutions are > 3.26) 3/5 solutions proposed by the thesis are assessed by the subjects at the level “very feasible” (average mark of 3/5 solutions are > 3.26) solutions have received the assessment equivalent to the rating of “feasible” 3.5 Experiment of proposed solutions 3.5.1 Purposes of experiments The purpose of experiments is to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of 02 solutions, including: “Organize to raise the awareness of training quality, ensure the training quality according to AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students” and “Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA” included in the proposed solutions as mentioned in section 3.2 In the solution of development of the human resources to meet the training quality according to AUN-QA, the thesis only experiments the content related to raise the teaching capacity of lecturers 3.5.2 Contents of experiments 1) Basis of selecting the contents of experiments The thesis author has selected the solutions “Organize to raise the awareness of training quality, ensure the training quality according to AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students” and “Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA” to carry 22 out the experiments 2) Selection of the contents of experiments The thesis organizes training course including contents: - Special topic 1: Evaluation criteria of training quality of universities according to AUN-QA - Special topic 2: Modern teaching method in the tertiary education 3.5.3 Hypothesis of experiments The experiments are aimed to prove the hypothesis: If the training organization meets the practical conditions of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, the lecturers shall understand and apply in practice the evaluation criteria of training quality according to AUN-QA; the teaching capacity of the lecturers of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City will improve, thereby he work of quality assurance in training of private universities will be effective 3.5.4 Time, place, subjects and form of experiments Time: June 2019; 61 lecturers of Van Lang University with the seniority of 15 years and more (80.5%) and average teaching seniority of 8.91 years Apply the form of experiment on 01 group 3.5.5 Implementation of experiments Develop the training plan; Organize and direct the renewal of training contents, forms, methods, test and evaluation of training results; Formulate the evaluation tools; Organize the training according to the plan 3.5.6 Analysis and evaluation of the experiment results 3.5.6.1 Results of awareness on the evaluation criteria of training quality according to AUN-QA - Average mark of awareness according to the evaluation criteria of training quality of lecturers participating in the training has been increased after the experiment (before experiment: average mark = 2.86; standard deviation = 0.33; after experiment: average mark = 3.27; standard deviation = 0.29; p < 0,05) In each evaluation criteria, the average mark after the impact has been significantly higher than the average mark before the impact 23 - Average mark in terms of skills of practical application by the lecturers participating in the training has been significantly increased after the experiment (before experiment: average mark = 2.72; standard deviation = 0.29; after experiment: average mark = 3.27; standard deviation = 0.33; p < 0,05) 3.5.6.2 Results of teaching method - Average mark in terms of knowledge of teaching methods by the lecturers participating in the training has been significantly increased after the experiment (before experiment: average mark = 2.91; standard deviation = 0.17; after experiment: average mark = 3.23; standard deviation = 0.12; p < 0,05) - Average mark in terms of application skill of teaching methods by the lecturers participating in the training has been significantly increased after the experiment (before experiment:¬ average mark = 2.76; standard deviation = 0.24; after experiment: average mark = 3.16; standard deviation = 0.26; p < 0,05) Conclusion of Chapter Based on the theoretical research and the actual conditions of training quality and quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, the thesis proposes solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN -QA, including: (1) Organize to raise the awareness on the training quality, ensure the training quality under AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students; (2) Develop the system of policies on the quality assurance in training under AUN-QA; (3) Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training under AUN-QA; (4) Organize the training activities in the direction of meeting the requirements of AUN-QA; (5) Build a learning environment for students under AUN-QA Each solution has its own role, meaning, and all constitutes the system of solutions The solutions have the close, organic, interactive, complementary and support relationship The solutions which require to be implemented synchronously are 24 capable of improving the efficiency of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City In the process of quality assurance in training, depending on the environment, time, conditions, each solution has different priority positions, possible to arrange the order of implementation of the solutions to achieve the highest efficiency Survey of the proposed solutions shows: 5/5 solutions are rated as very necessary/necessary and very feasible/feasible The thesis has experimented the solutions of “Organize to raise the awareness of training quality, ensure the training quality according to AUN-QA for the managerial staff at all levels, lecturers and students” and “Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA” in the form of training for 61 lecturers of Van Lang University The results of experiments shows that: The awareness on the evaluation criteria of the training quality and teaching methods of 61 lecturers after the experiments has been more developed compared to those before the experiments It proves that the experimented solutions are feasible and effective CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion 1.1 In the world and Vietnam, there are many works and scientific researches on training quality and quality assurance in training in tertiary education institutions However, there are no systematic and comprehensive studies on the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City However, studies have shown that: the quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City is an aspect of quality assurance Therefore, the content, method, and process of quality assurance in training of universities must both comply with the content, method, and process of quality assurance in general, and conform to the training characteristics of such universities 1.2 It is very important to choose the model of quality assurance in training that matches the strategic goals and conditions of each university AUN-QA is the model of quality assurance in training which has the certain advantages for private universities 25 in Ho Chi Minh City 1.3 By many appropriate and scientific research methods, the actual conditions of training quality according to AUN-QA has been clarified according to 11 standards Most of the criteria are rated “good” by the subjects Some evaluation criteria are rated at the “fair”, including: quality of lecturers; Infrastructure and equipment; Solution of improving the students’ quality after graduation Also, the actual conditions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA are determined according to 12 standards Most contents of quality assurance in training are rated at “good” However, some contents are rated at “fair” It shows that: the training quality and quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA have still existed some limitations 1.4 On the theoretical and practical basis, the thesis proposes solutions of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City The solutions of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA in trainer assurance at private universities in Ho Chi Minh City are effective, contributing to improving the training quality of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City Recommendation 2.1 Regarding the Ministry of Education and Training - Focus on formulation of legal documents on the establishment of unified system of quality assurance for tertiary education institutions in general and private universities in particular - Issue and supervise the implementation of mandatory regulations for tertiary education institutions to build and announce the output standards and training programs - Regularly organize the assessment and publicize the results of assessing students who have jobs after the graduation in accordance with the training speciality on the mass media - Every year, the Ministry of Education and Training needs to publicize the ranking results of tertiary education institutions, the results of quality accreditation on the media, Website of the Ministry of Education and Training for the society to know 26 and monitor - Facilitate the legal basis, human resources as well as support the facilities and financial resources for private universities to apply the model of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA - Develop the capacity of specialists and key personnel of the national quality assurance system - Involve in the regional and international quality assurance networks - In the coming time, it is required to have the agency/organization in charge of testing the quality of national tertiary education, independent from the Ministry of Education and Training 2.2 Regarding private universities - Apply the system of quality assurance in training and solutions of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA in the nearest time Establish the system of quality assurance in training, operational mechanisms and conditions of quality assurance in training according to AUN-QA - Supplement the policies and regimes to create incentives and conditions for the staff and experts in charge of quality assurance in training to take full advantage of their role in improving the training quality of the universities - Organize the training and retraining to improve the awareness of leaders of universities, unit leaders, lecturers, staff on the training quality, quality assurance in training, operating procedures, the role of each member in the system of quality assurance in training of the universities - Set up the multidimensional relationships with undergraduate, graduate, employers of graduate; regularly obtain opinions by questionnaires, comment boxes, preliminary or summarization conferences, or meeting the customers to evaluate the training quality of the universities - The leaders and all managerial staff and lecturers of private universities must have a persistent commitment, determined to well implement the proposed solutions to achieve the goals of training, training quality, vision, and mission of private universities 27 PUBLISHED ARTICLES RELATED TO THE THESIS Vo Van Tuan (2018), Satisfaction of Students on the Quality of Training Services in Private University in Vietnam, International Journal of Education and Social Science, ISSN 2410-5171 (Online), ISSN 2415-1246 (Print), Vol No June 2018, http://www.ijessnet.com/uploades/volumes/1575209801.pdf Vo Van Tuan (2019), Quality assurance in training of private universities, Journal of Education Management Science, March 2019 Vo Van Tuan, Phan Quoc Lam (2019), Development of Private Universities in Vietnam, International Research Journal, ISSN 2303-9868 (Print), ISSN 2227-6017 (Online), https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2019.81.3.033 Vo Van Tuan (2019), Some issues related to quality assurance of private universities in current time, International Workshop titled “Higher Education in the Industrial Revolution 4.0”- An Giang University on November 19th, 2019 Vo Van Tuan (2020), Establish an environment of quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN-QA, Journal of Educational Equipment, No 210-February 2020 Vo Van Tuan (2020), Quality Assurance in Higher Education According to AUN-QA A Case Study of Private Universities, International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Volume VIII, Issue 2, 402-419, 2020, https://www.ijeba.com/journal/471 Vo Van Tuan (2020), Factors affect the Implementation of Quality Assurance atprivate Universities in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam, International Journal of Advanced Research (IJAR), http://www.journalijar.com/artiqualitye/31783/factors-affect-the- implementation-of-quality-assurance-atprivate-universities-in-ho-chi-minh-city,vietnam/ Vo Van Tuan (2020), Organize to raise the awareness of training quality, ensure the training quality according to AUN-QA for the managerial staff, lecturers of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Science Journal of Vinh University Vo Van Tuan, Phan Quoc Lam, Duong Thi Thanh Thanh (2020), Organizing Training to Improve Teaching Capacity at Private Universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam According to AUN-QA, International Journal of Innovation, Creativity and Change, www.ijicc.net ... universities in Ho Chi Minh City according to AUN- QA Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE IN TRAINING OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES ACCORDING TO AUN- QA 1.1 Overview 1.1.1 Inherited theoretical points... universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN- QA 5.1.3 Propose the solutions of the training quality, quality assurance in training of private universities in Ho Chi Minh City under AUN- QA 5.1.4 Survey... training under AUN- QA; Develop the human resources in charge of quality assurance in training under AUNQA; Organize the training activities in the direction of meeting the requirements of AUN- QA; Build