Vai trò của đoàn kinh tế quốc phòng trong phát triển kinh tế xã hội tt tiếng anh

1 INTRODUCTION Reasons for the study The SE development in the mountainous areas and of ethnic minorities is our Party and State’s thorough, consistent view and main policy in the process of socialism construction In recent years, several guidelines and policies have been implemented, which can promote positive SE efficiency in remote and isolated localities, especially the policy of building and developing the economicdefence zones The economic-defence zone is an area with a defined boundary, comprising a number of communes of one or more districts, belonging to one or several provinces, extremely difficult communes, remote areas, border areas and strategic areas of defines, security, territorial waters, islands, exclusive economic zone and continental shelf of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, in line with the national planning system In that area, the Ministry of National Defence shall assume the prime responsibility and coordinate with different related ministries, branches and localities in realizing the SE development objectives associated with the consolidation of securitydefence (SD) The economic-defence delegation (EDD) is a military unit established by the Ministry of Defence as a representative of the Army directly carrying out the task of building the economic zone (EZ), so the EDD has a very important role in the SE development and national defines consolidation where units stand The reality of building and developing the EZ in recent years shows that in general, the national economic union has promoted its role in SE development in strategic border areas The contributions of the EDD staff in the field of SE are very large and undeniable, the EDD have actually become bright spots on economy, culture, society, and population, making an important contribution to successfully implementing the Party's policy on combining SE development with strengthening SD in strategic areas, highly appreciated by the Party, State and People Thanks to the implementation of SE development projects of the national defines delegation, the material and spiritual life of ethnic minorities has been constantly improved and improved, its potential and strength, the SD posture has been increasingly strengthened and strengthened steady However, besides the achieved results, the role of the national defines delegation in the process of implementing the SE development tasks has sometimes, in some places, not been properly promoted and has not fully met the requirements and goals in the construction and development of the EDD in general, the SE development in particular These limitations have greatly affected the goal of building EZ, directly affecting the ethnic minorities’ ideology and beliefs in the Party and the State’s guidelines and policies In the coming years, the situation of the world and the region will still have many very complicated happenings that directly affect our country At home, our Party, State continues to promote the cause of innovation; the task of protecting the Fatherland, the task of production, building the economy in combination with the defence of the Army has made new developments The area of the EDD is still a difficult region in economic, cultural and social development, consolidating national defines and security and is one of the anti-sabotage points of the enemy forces The above practice has been setting new and higher requirements for the EDD in fulfilling the task of the SE development Although there have been several research works on the construction and development of the EDD and the EDD, but there have not been any scientific researches in a complete and systematic manner on the role of the EDD in performing the SE development task Therefore, the study on the role of the EDD in SE development is a matter of theoretical and practical significance, which contributes to improving the efficiency of the EDD construction and development in the coming years Simultaneously, the study on this issue also contributes to the development of the theory on the role of the Army in performing labour production tasks, building the economy, as well as performing the functions of "the working and production force” in the new situation From the above-mentioned reasons, the topic "The role of the EDD in the SE development" is selected by the author as his doctoral thesis of economics The purposes and tasks of the study Purposes The thesis seeks to clarify the theoretical and practical issues about the role of the EDD in the SE development; on that basis, the thesis proposes views and solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the SE development in the coming time Tasks Giving an overview of the thesis-related research situation Clarifying the theoretical issues on the role of the EDD in the SE development Analysing and assessing the current situation of the role of the EDD in the SE development in the 2000 - 2019 periods Proposing views and solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the SE development in the coming time Object and scope of the study Object: The role of the EDD Scope In terms of content: The EDD is an important force in building the essential SE infrastructure according to the planning of the ED area; The EDD is the force directly organizing, developing production, helping people in hunger eradication and poverty alleviation; The EDD is a force engaged in cultural and social development, with a focus on education and health care for people in the ED area; The EDD is a force in coordination with the Party Committee, local authorities and military forces standing in the area in arranging and rearranging the population according to the SE development planning and long-term goals of SD; The EDD is the force involved in strengthening the political system at the grassroots In terms of space: the ED zones on the land border In terms of time: examining the role of the EDD in the SE development from 2000 to 2019 Theoretical, practical basis and methodology Theoretical basis The thesis is conducted basing on the views of MarxismLeninism, Ho Chi Minh ideology, guidelines, guidelines and policies of the Party and State on economic integration with national defines, and functions and tasks of the Army; constructing and developing the ED zones Practical basis The thesis is based on the results of implementing the Army's labour production tasks, economic construction, operational practices of the EDD, the construction and development of the ED zones and some other thesis-related works Methodology The thesis is carried out basing on the dialectical materialism methodology of Marxism - Leninism, the thesis uses the following methods: scientific abstraction; logical and historical combination; analysis and synthesis; statistics, comparison; and experts’ consultancy New contributions of the study Building the conception and the content of the role of the EDD in the SE development Analysing the causes of achievements and shortcomings of the role of the EDD in the SE development in the period of 2000 2019 and the issues need further addressing Proposing views and solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the SE development in the coming time Theoretical and practical significance of the study Theoretical significance The thesis contributes to further clarifying the theory of the army and the EDD to production labour tasks in general, the SE development in strategic areas and borders in particular in the new situation Practical significance The thesis can be used as a reference for scientific research, teaching Marxist - Lenin political economy, Marxist - Lenin military economics in military schools; The points of view and solutions proposed by the thesis may suggest relevant agencies to propose appropriate solutions to improve the SE efficiency of the ED zones at the present The structure of the study The thesis includes: introduction, chapters (8 periods), conclusions, list of published scientific works related to the thesis topic, list of references and appendices Chapter OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS-RELATED RESEARCH SITUATION 1.1 The works related to the thesis 1.1.1 The works related to socio-economic development in border strategic areas and the economic-defence combination Typically: "Combining economy with national defence in our country today" by Tran Trung Tin; "The strategy of Hung rich people” by the State Council of China; "Difficulties in the development of mountainous areas in Vietnam" by Neil Jamieson; "The relationship between economy and defence during the renovation period in Lao PDR" by Thoong Vet Phum Ma Vong; "Socio-economic development in the Northern Mountains and its Impact on Strengthening the Protection of Border sovereignty in this Region" by Dinh Trong Ngoc; "Combining national defence and security with economy in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country" by Nguyen Van Rinh; "Combining economy with defence with the economy to create logistical potentials in the area of Military Region 3" by Pham Tien Luat; "The Le dynasty set up a socio-economic development plantation in association with the strengthening of the southern border region" by Khuong Thanh; "Ensuring equality and strengthening cooperation between ethnic groups in the current socio-economic development of our country" by Hoang Chi Bao; "The Party's viewpoint on combining socio-economic development with strengthening SD in strategic areas" by Tran Thai Binh; "Combining socio-economic development with strengthening national defence and security in the Northwest region" by Phung Ngoc Son The above studies have analysed and clarified the problem of combining economic development with national defence consolidation, the necessity of socio-economic development in strategic areas, referring to conception, content and method of combining socio-economic development with defence consolidation in the strategic areas 1.1.2 The works related to the role of the Army in performing the task of socio-economic development Here are some typical works: "Industrialization and modernization in Vietnam and the role of the Army in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country" by Nguyen Minh Khai; "The army participates in hunger elimination and poverty reduction in Vietnam in the current period" by Nguyen Trong Xuan; "The army participates in building the basic political system of ethnic and religious areas in the Central Highlands region under new conditions" by Nguyen Hong Phi; "The role of the Vietnam People's Army in mobilizing religious people in the Central Highlands today" by Nguyen Nhu Truc; "Border Guards are participating in the current socioeconomic development in the Northwest border region" by Tran Van Tich; "Activities involved in building strong local facilities of military units in the Central Highlands in the current period" by Nguyen Tien Dung; "The army boosted production to participate in socio-economic development associated with strengthening defence potential" by Tran Trung Tin; "The Border Guards are involved in building the current socio-political base in the Northwest Vietnam border region" by Nguyen Xuan Bach The works have shown that the Army is involved in production and economic construction as an effective solution, not only creating material wealth for the society but also contributing to the adjustment of the strategic national defence, strengthening the potential and the SD posture in strategic border areas, deep-lying, remote areas and on islands and exclusive economic zones of the country 1.1.3 The works related to building the economic-defence zones and the role of economic-defence delegations Typically: "Effectiveness of the Army to take part in building socio-political bases in economic-defence zones" by Military Institute of Social Sciences and Humanities; "Combining socio-economic development with strengthening national defence and security, protecting national sovereignty" by Quoc Toan - Manh Dung; "The 16th Military Economic Zone combines economic development with population redeployment, creating a posture of national defence in the area" by Nguyen Doan Nao; "The army effectively implements the project of replication of poverty reduction models in economic zones" by Nguyen Huy Tien; "Building an economic-defence zone, strengthening national defence-security to firmly protect the sovereignty of borders, seas and islands of the country" by Nguyen Huy Hieu; "Discussing some issues on improving the effectiveness of socio-economic development in the economic zones" by Pham Van Thuy; "Stepping up the construction and raising the operational efficiency of economic-defence zones" by Vo Hong Thang; "The effectiveness of economic and defence combined operations of the 15th Army in the Central Highlands strategic area" by Dang Anh Dung; "The 15th Infantry Division actively restructured, improved production and business efficiency" by Hoang Van Sy The researches have mentioned the role of the Self-help Union delegation in building and developing the Self-help zone in each specific area compared to the mandate of the Self-help delegation; unanimously assess the implementation of the socio-economic development task of the selfdefence team in accordance with the Party's policy on combining socio-economic development with strengthening SD in the strategic areas 1.3 An overview of the main results of the relevant published works and the issues need dealing with in the thesis 1.3.1 An overview of the main results of published works related to the thesis Firstly, the researchers have analysed and clarified the problem of combining economic development with defence consolidation, the necessity of socio-economic development in strategic areas First, combining economy with national defence must be suitable with the characteristics and conditions of each locality Accordingly, the combination in these areas should be based on SD requirements to formulate appropriate socio-economic development planning and development strategies to enhance SD but not neglect socio-economic development Second, combining economy with national defence must focus on specific and urgent objectives and overall objectives of strategic, long-term basis of strategic areas Third, the combination must be placed under the leadership of the Party and the State's administration, in which priority must be given and appropriate policies appropriate to the specific characteristics of the strategic area, even there must be recommended decisions on socio-economic development and strengthening SD in these important areas Secondly, the research works have explained the theoretical and practical basis of the role of the Army and the national defence mission to the socio-economic development task The researches affirmed that the issue of the Army participating in production and economic construction activities is the function and task of the Army The EDD is a military unit tasked with building the EDD in extremely difficult areas: mountainous, remote and isolated areas The army in general and the EDD in particular in production and economic construction have really become an internal force of the country to solve difficult socio-economic issues, contributing to adjusting the strategy of protecting the Fatherland, strengthening the potential and SD's posture in strategic areas of borders, deep-lying and remote areas and on islands and exclusive economic zones of the country 8 Thirdly, the researchers have analysed the situation of military units, the national defence mission performing the socioeconomic development task The works have been in-depth analysis of the current situation of military units, the national defence delegation performing the task of socio-economic development and strengthening national defence in strategic areas with the following main contents: hunger eradication, poverty reduction, construction constructing socio-economic infrastructure; building socio-political bases and population stabilization In general, all works agreed to evaluate the implementation of socio-economic development tasks in accordance with the Party's policy on combining socio-economic development with strengthening SD In each specific field, the works have analysed the shortcomings, pointed out the basic causes of the achievements and limitations such as: mechanism and policy issues; lack of synchronous planning, plans and strategies; on the organization of payrolls of self-defence teams as well as the work of developing local human resources However, this is only an assessment on each specific field compared to the functions and duties of the national defence delegation, which has not had merit whichever studies the overall evaluation of the status of the role of the national economic mission in socio-economic development Fourthly, the researchers have analysed the solutions to promote the role of military units and the national defence delegation in the socio-economic development In different approaches, subjects, and scope of the research, the researches mentioned basic solutions to promote the role of the Army and the national defence mission in specific areas, especially in the construction and development of the national economic zone The solutions usually focus on the following issues: awareness raising; elaborate planning and plans on development of non-economic zones; the training of human resources on the role of the Army, the EDD in the construction and development of the ED zones will be inherited in the thesis in defining the views and proposing solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in socio-economic development in strategic areas in our country at the present 1.3.2 The issues need dealing with in the thesis From the main results of the published works related to the dissertation topic, there are three issues that need solving 9 Firstly, continue researching and clarifying theoretical issues related to the role of the national economic union delegation in socioeconomic development that other projects have not yet solved Secondly, to survey and evaluate the current situation of the role of the EDD in SE development from 2000 to 2019 Thirdly, propose a system of viewpoints and solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the coming time Conclusion of chapter In chapter 1, the thesis’s author has reviewed 28 domestic and foreign scientific works, including are monographs, doctoral theses, summary reports, yearbooks and scientific articles related to the thesis The summaries of the main results of the works are generalized, accordingly the issues need dealing with are drawn out Chapter THE THEORETICAL ISSUES ON THE ROLE OF THE ECONOMIC-DEFENSE DELEGATION IN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 2.1 The general issues on the economic-defence zones, the economic-defence delegations, and the socio-economic development in economic-defence zones 2.1.1 The economic-defence zone * The conception of the economic-defence zone The EDD is an area formed on the basis of implementing the overall project of the Army involved in the construction and socioeconomic development of extremely difficult communes of the Government, assigned to the EDD as a core force to construct in difficult areas with strategic locations in the border areas and islands; in order to accomplish the objectives of linking socio-economic development with strengthening of SD, taking socio-economic development to play a decisive role, creating material and spiritual foundations to build forces, the SD battle, and building a border corridor firmly in the period of stepping up industrialization and modernization of the country * The characteristics of the ED zones The economic zone is built on strategic areas, in extremely difficult communes, remote, border and coastal areas The EDD is not an administrative unit, but a territory and a population planned to accomplish the goal of combining defence with socio-economic development in the strategic area The ED zone is the area where the EDD stands in the footsteps 2.1.2 The economic-defence delegation 10 2.1.2.1 The conception and characteristics of economic defence delegations * The conception of the economic - defence delegation The EDD is a military unit established by the Ministry of Defence to carry out a project to build the EDD, in order to accomplish the goal of combining defence with socio-economy in border strategic areas, for a definite period of time * The characteristics of the economic- defence delegations In terms of human resources, in order to successfully implement the project of the EDD, the Army has organized many teams of self-defence teams with different sizes, equivalent to division level to regiment, even army level (such as Army Corps) This division was mobilized from units in the whole army, having all kinds of officers: military, political, professional, technical, military personnel In general, this is a young and strong force, with good educational and professional qualifications Many officials and soldiers in the EDD have a deep understanding of the socio-economic fields so they can participate in the SE development effectively In terms of means, industries, the EDD was given material and technical facilities of high dual use, both for combat and for economic development of the people In terms of area, the EDD is located in strategic areas, mountainous, deep-lying and remote areas 2.1.2.2 The functions, tasks, staffing, mechanisms and operation forms of the economic-defence delegations * The functions and tasks As a military unit, the EDD also has all the functions of the Army: combat army, working army and production labour army The three functions above are the basic and important functions for the EDD, which cannot be overlooked, always blending and supporting each other to achieve economic and defence goals However, depending on the specific situation, specific time and characteristics, nature of the geographical area of operation, the implementation of each function of the EDD is shown to a different extent, but in the general scope, the function working skills and productive labour are emerging regularly and popularly The operational regulations of the EDD have specific provisions for the main tasks of the EDD in the present conditions: readiness to fight; the civil work; production, economic construction 11 * Organization and staffing The EDD is organized according to a 3-level or 2-level model The EDD organized in levels: delegation; companies, agriculture, forestry farms; production team, training unit, ready to fight The EDD is organized in levels, including: production teams and teams The payroll of the EDD depends on specific conditions, which may be equivalent to the battalion, regiment, brigade, division, and army levels * The method of operation Regarding the principle of operation The EDD is a unit in the Army organization managed by the Ministry of Defence, with its own military name When dealing with defence and military operations, the EDD used the name of the military unit When dealing with economic issues, the EDD has the legal status and powers of a military enterprise to perform publicutility tasks according to the provisions of law Regarding the working relationship Firstly, the relationship with the executive committee and the direct superior is the obedience to leadership, command and direction Secondly, the relationship with the higher-level professional agencies is the coordination of performance of tasks and the direction of professional work Thirdly, relations with related units are coordinated and synergistic relationships in the performance of tasks Fourthly, the relationship with agencies outside the Army is the coordination and cooperation relations to perform the tasks according to the assigned functions and tasks and is subject to professional guidance according to the provisions of law * The operational way of economic - defence delegation Firstly, sending teams and working teams to the grassroots level Secondly, combining the Party committees, local authorities and other forces in the area Thirdly, through the activities of the production teams Fourthly, counsellor, coordinate with grassroots political system and other forces in the area 2.1.3 The socio-economic development in the economicdefence zone 2.1.3.1 The conception of the socio-economic development The socio-economic development is the economic growth associated with the improvement of economic structure and 12 institutions along the direction of progress, rationality, improvement of quality of life, assurance of progress and social justice 2.1.3.2 The conceptions and the contents of the socioeconomic development in the economic-defence zones The SE development in the EDD is a process of economic growth towards sustainability and implementation of social progress and justice associated with ensuring national defence and security, through the implementation of a project to build an ED zone The content of the SE development in the area of economic zone includes: building of SE infrastructure; organizing production development, hunger eradication and poverty reduction, initially building elements for commodity economic development; cultural and social development to improve the spiritual life of the people; relocate the population according to production planning and SD posture requirements, gradually form a system of villages and communes along the borderline, contributing to maintaining territorial sovereignty and national borders; building socio-political base, with a focus on grassroots political system 2.2 The conceptions, the contents and the factors affecting the role of the economic - defence delegation in the socio-economic development 2.2.1 The conception of the role of the economic - defence delegation in the socio-economic development * The conceptions The role of the EDD in the SE development is the process of demonstrating the functions and tasks of the EDD compared with other subjects in the fields of socio-economic construction, production, cultural development, population arrangement and building the grassroots political system, in order to successfully implement the socio-economic development goals associated with strengthening SD in the ED zone in a specific time * The contents of the role of the EDD in the SE development Firstly, the EDD is an important force, in building essential socio-economic infrastructure, according to the planning of the construction area of the ED zone Building essential SE infrastructure is a key task of the firsttime EDD of the project implementation, creating a foundation for realizing the goals of the ED zone In the first phase of implementing the projects, the EDD is the leading force in coordination with 13 localities and relevant departments to carry out the planning work of project investment items including the structural system of SE infrastructure according to production planning and SD requirements The stage of implementing the SE infrastructure project, the EDD delegation as the project investor, implementing (directly or indirectly), supervising and managing the project construction process At the end of the project, the EDD checked and assessed the quality of the project, handed it over to the locality to manage and put it into operation to serve the needs of SE development Secondly, the EDD is the force that directly organizes, develops production, helps people in hunger elimination and poverty reduction Economic development, production organization, helping people in hunger eradication and poverty reduction are regular central tasks in the construction and development of ED zones, which are the basis for determining the effective implementation of the mission of the EDD The role of directly organizing, developing production, and helping people in hunger eradication and poverty reduction is shown in some basic fields: directly exploiting the land potentials assigned according to the planning economic zone to organize and develop production, serving both immediate and long-term objectives, gradually shifting the mode of production from self-sufficient and self-sufficient to commodity economy; directly build economic models suitable to each locality to propagate, mobilize and transfer techniques for people to implement; coordinating with localities to open training courses on scientific and technical knowledge about agriculture and forestry, supporting capital and technical transfer; organize production - construction - service enterprises in the EDD; actively participate in the implementation of national target programs, SE development projects of the State and localities Thirdly, the EDD is the force involved in cultural and social development, with a focus on education and health care for the people in the ED zone In the cultural and social development of the SD zone, the EDD is not the deciding force, but the participating force The role of participation is shown as the coordination with localities and other forces to propagate and mobilize the people to well implement the movement "All people unite to build a cultural life"; coordinate with forces participating in elimination of illiteracy among ethnic minorities, with a focus on mobilizing children to go to school; perform preventive medicine and primary health care for ethnic 14 minorities; coordinate with forces in surveying and investing in building physical foundations and cultural institutions in the locality Fourthly, the EDD is the force to coordinate with the Party committees, local authorities and military forces standing in the area in arranging and rearranging the population according to the SE development planning and long-term goals of SD The arrangement and stabilization of the population in localities is under the deciding authority of the party committees and local governments However, due to the special-purpose the ED zone, the arrangement and settlement of the population need the participation of the EDD The EDD coordinates, advises and helps the local authorities in identifying and implementing population arrangement and stabilization plans; coordinating in the construction of essential SE infrastructures with organizations to arrange and relocate population according to the determined plans; coordinate to survey and arrange in order of priority those households in urgent need of relocation, policy households and disadvantaged households that need relocation; coordinate in resolving problems of legal procedures in the old locality and the new place of residence Fifthly, the EDD is the force involved in strengthening the grassroots political system In strengthening the grassroots political system in the ED zone, the EDD implemented as a participatory nature The EDD only carries out the contents with the scope and level of its functions, not "encroaching" on the functions of other organizations, the party committees and the local authorities The content of the EDD's participation in strengthening the grassroots political system is: coordinating with the Party committees, authorities, local socio-political organizations or working groups to go to the areas to advise and foster support, support and support the grassroots political system; help to improve political and ideological awareness and capacity for administration, management and direction; help fostering staff; fostering movement capacity for grassroots cadres; advising the local Party committees and authorities to consolidate local agencies, boards, and mass organizations 2.2.3 The factors affecting the role of the economicdefence delegation in the socio-economic development 2.2.3.1 The objective factors Firstly, the geographical features, the current economic, political and social situation in the economic-defence zones 15 Secondly, the Party and State’s policy on the construction and development of economic-defence zones Thirdly, investment capital for construction and development of economic-defence zones 2.2.3.1 The objective factors Firstly, the mechanism of coordination between economic and defence delegations with the Party committees, local authorities and military units stands in the area of economic - defence zones Second, staffing, organization, technical equipment and capacities of the economic-defence delegation Conclusion of chapter In chapter 2, the thesis’s author has introduced a theoretical framework, clarified the concept and content of the role of the EDD in the SE development and indicates five factors affecting the role of the EDD in the SE development This serve as the basis to conduct surveys, to assess the current situation and to identify the views and solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the SE development of the ED zone in the coming time Chapter THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE ROLE OF THE ECONOMIC-DEFENSE DELEGATION IN THE SOCIAL-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 3.1 The achievements and shortcomings of the role of economic-defence delegation in the SE development 3.1.1 The achievements 3.1.1.1 The economic-defence delegation is an important force in building the essential SE infrastructure system; creating fundamental favourable conditions are for SE development in the locality Previously, when no EZ was built-up, the quality of the SE infrastructure system in localities in the area remained low, several areas did not have schools, electricity, health centre, or clean water system The participation of the EDD (as the project owner), the force equipped with basic knowledge, skills and essential assurance facilities has basically overcome these limitations The EDD has directly invested in constructing essential infrastructure items such as electricity lines, schools, clinics, cultural houses; repairing and rebuilding inter-commune, inter-village, village and hamlet roads, building suspension bridges and reinforced concrete bridges; planning, building trade centres (markets, towns) items that many localities have not focused on implementing for many different reasons In the projects of the ED zone, people have access to electricity, 16 clean water; directly participating in the SE development projects that the EDD implemented 3.1.1.2 The economic-defence delegation has directly organized the development of production with many practical economic models, making important contributions to hunger elimination and poverty reduction Since the implementation of the policy to build the ED zone, in the implementation of the task of SE development, no matter what the locality, officers and soldiers of the national defence union have not been concerned about difficulties, hardships, always clinging to people and villages persistently "holding hands, just work", helping people develop production In the independent economic zones directly organized production concentrated (15th Army, 16th Army, Coffee 15 Company), the EDD proactively reclaimed, expanded production, attracted, created jobs for tens of thousands of labour with high value industrial crops The unions without conditions for organizing centralized production have built many practical economic models in communes, villages and hamlets so that people can see, understand, believe and follow Along with that, the EDD also wellorganized agricultural, forestry and fishery extension activities, gradually shifting the structure of plants and animals, transforming the production method from self-sufficient and self-sufficient to commodity production with Some agricultural commodities have high commercial value The income of the people has been gradually improved, the material and spiritual life has a new development, the hungry and poor households have decreased every year 3.1.1.3 The economic-defence delegation actively participates in the development of culture and society in the area of economic-defence zone In the cultural and social development activities, although not the main and decisive force, the participation of the EDD brought positive effects The participation of the EDD in such fields as propagandizing and mobilizing the people to abolish the customs; building and equipping cultural institutions and institutions; in opening literacy classes and mobilizing children to return to school and class; in military combined with civilian activities is very prominent These specific activities of the EDD in the fields of culture, health and education have brought about important results, transforming the swampy areas of "sacred forests and poisonous water" into residential areas, economic and cultural highlights in the border, highly appreciated by the Party, the State and the localities 3.1.1.4 The economic-defence delegation has actively cooperated with the forces in the layout, population stabilization and 17 economic geographical areas at the request of defence production planning and long-term goals and on defence - security The stabilization of the population in the border areas not only creates favourable conditions for the ethnic minorities to develop their economy, culture and society, but also helps to cover and increase the area of few or white areas The completion of the construction of residential areas with more than 100 thousand households settling sustainably on the current ED zone is a clear evidence for the unified cooperation between the EDD and other forces in the area and relevant agencies The aforementioned results have changed the overall picture of population arrangement and population structure, creating a solid popular posture along the border, which most localities in the ED zone have implemented in recent years without expected effectiveness 3.1.1.5 The economic-defence delegations play an important role in participating in building and strengthening the regular political system With the participation of the EDD, the quality of operations of the grassroots political system in the economic zone has made a drastic change The situation of "white area" of party members and party organizations has been thoroughly overcome; the leadership, management and SE management capacity, consolidation of national defence and security of border management of cadres and party members of border communes and villages have been raised one step; the operation quality of the Party committees, local governments and socio-political organizations has made positive changes; to thoroughly overcome the situation of no (no leadership resolutions; no work plans; no working regulations, programs; no schedules; no regular activities) in the operation of the political system in many localities 3.1.2 The limitations 3.1.2.1 The economic-defence delegation is still passive and has not really been able to engage with local functional agencies in building SE infrastructure, especially in the planning and implementation of the investment projects It is an important force (some places is the main force) in building essential SE infrastructure, but there is still a situation that the EDD trusts and relies on the locality; lack of initiative and creativity in implementation organization The EDD as a project investor, but the level of project management knowledge is limited, so in investment management, especially the investment supervision has not been implemented in a proper way leading to a number of items and works of low quality, failing to promote the efficiency after being invested 18 3.1.2.2 The economic-defence delegation confuses in the way to help people develop production, eliminate hunger and reduce poverty and does not create a dramatic change in the lives of the people, especially in economic-defence zones without centralized production Although many practical economic models have been built, they have not yet been truly transformed into such needs and practical actions of the people in the field of production Some SDDs have a serious situation, mainly in the form of labour to help people, not attaching importance to communication, education and persuading people to follow suit; the replication of pilot production models on hunger eradication and poverty reduction is not wide and widespread Particularly, a production team carrying out labour to help people also have the expression of form, perfunctory or take the title "do the work of mass mobilization, help people to eradicate hunger and reduce poverty" to business for so after the programs and projects ended, the villages and hamlets returned to the old ways, the production activities were still backward, slow to innovate, the people's life was still difficult, the intellectuals and people’s life were slowly improved 3.1.2.3 The role of socio-cultural development in the economic-defence delegation in some areas has not been promoted properly with the current capacity In the activity of eliminating illiteracy among ethnic minorities, the EDD participating team is still lack of initiative, has not created sub-models, has not really done well in propaganda and advocacy, so the number of people learning classes culture in the new residential area organized by the delegation is small and infrequent, leading to a high rate of illiteracy and re-illiteracy The participation in struggles with social practices and evils, and participation in building spiritual life and healthy social relations of officers and soldiers of the SDD in some ED zones remain low 3.1.2.4 The coordination in the arrangement and stabilization of the people is sometimes unsatisfactory and lacks holistic and sustainable As a coordinating force in arranging and stabilizing the population according to the production planning and SD requirements in the ED zone, the role in implementing the coordination is not high In the planning and construction of residential areas in the ED zone, it is not basic and lacking in general, especially the settlement program in adjacent communes, some places are also subjective and formal, have not followed the requirements of local SE tasks Therefore, many places people still not really trust and voluntarily move to new lands, even those households have registered bewilderment, ask to withdraw; on the other hand, there has been a situation 19 where people who migrated to new lands spend all their support capital in a short time, unable to stabilize their lives, and want to return to their homeland 3.1.2.5 There have been progresses in building and consolidating the grassroots political system of the economic-defence delegation, yet some places have not been really effective and shown signs of formality It is still the situation that officials and soldiers of the EDD have not really studied deeply, mastered the customs, customs and religious beliefs of the people; use of local ethnic languages and officials who are indigenous ethnic minorities have not been focused on and have low efficiency Some EDDs, although attaching importance to and having fully signed the cooperation with local departments, agencies and units standing in the region, the effectiveness of the coordination is not high The work of advising the grassroots level committees and local governments and coordinating with the forces, departments and functional agencies at times has not been timely, inconsistent and unified in dealing with certain complicated situations 3.2 The causes of these achievements and limitations of the role of the economic-defence delegation in socio-economic development and the issues need addressing 3.2.1 The causes of the achievements 3.2.1.1 The objective causes Firstly, thanks to the Party's proper guidelines and policies, the reasonable and concerned investment of the State, the Ministry of Defence, and relevant agencies regarding the construction and development of economic zones Secondly, the EDD delegation is interested in timely and close leadership of military zones and legions Thirdly, the EDD assisted by the grassroots political system and the people in the area 3.2.1.2 The subjective causes Firstly, at the level of party committee and commanders of the EDD have been proactive, positive and creative in leading and organizing the implementation of the SE development Secondly, officials and soldiers of the EDD always uphold the sense of responsibility, overcoming all difficulties and persistently fulfilling the assigned tasks 3.2.2 The causes of the limitations 3.2.2.1 The subjective causes Firstly, the role of the project investor of the EDD has not been fully implemented in practice Secondly, difficulties in economy, culture, society, SD in the economic zones Thirdly, the investment capital for the construction of the ED zones and direct support for households is too low compared to the actual needs 20 3.2.2.2 The subjective causes Firstly, the resistance of hostile forces Secondly, the payroll, organization and capacity of a number of cadres and soldiers in the EDD were inadequate 3.2.3 The issues need addressing to promote the role of the economic-defence delegation in SE development Firstly, the conflict between the high requirements of the SE development task and the inadequate awareness in a division of officials and soldiers of the EDD about the combination of national defence and SE development in the implementation of the projects of the ED zones Secondly, the contradiction between the high uniformity in the implementation organization and the coordination mechanism between the EDD and the subjects in SE development remains limited Thirdly, the contradiction between high requirements on the role of SE development and the limitations on the qualifications and implementation capacity of a division of cadres and soldiers of the EDD Fourthly, the contradiction between the difficulty and complexity of the SE development task and the remuneration policy for officials and soldiers of the EDD is inefficient Conclusion of chapter In chapter 3, the author analyses, assesses the achievements and limitations and indicates the causes and the issues on the role of the economic-defence delegation in the SE development in the recent years The results in this chapter serve as the basis for the author to carry out the study in chapter Chapter VIEWS AND SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTING THE ROLE OF THE ECONOMIC-DEFENSE DELEGATION IN THE SOCIAL-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN THE COMING TIME 4.1 Views to promote the role of economic-defence delegation in the socio-economic development in the coming time 4.1.1 Combining closely the economic-defence delegation with socio-economic development is a matter of principle in fulfilling the role of the economic-defence delegation To grasp this view, the following requirements should be implemented: Firstly, continue thoroughly grasping the undertakings and policies of the Party, the State, resolutions and directives of the Central Military Commission and the Ministry of Defence on the construction and development of economic-defence zones 21 Secondly, the process of implementing the SE development project of the EDD delegation must ensure the SE benefits and meet the requirements of SD Thirdly, promote the role of the national economic development delegation in the SE development must meet both the urgent and specific objectives of the strategic, basic and long-term scope of the ED zones 4.1.2 Promoting the role of economic-defence delegation in socio-economic development must be based on the functions, tasks of the unit and characteristics of the economic-defence zones To grasp this view, the following requirements should be fulfilled: Firstly, the EDD need to master the functions and tasks in the process of participating in the ED development Secondly, stick to local natural conditions, economic, political and cultural characteristics to have appropriate SE development Thirdly, stick to the identified programs and the State and localities’ SE development goals 4.1.3 Promoting the role of economic-defence delegation in socio-economic development must be based on unified awareness and responsibilities between the economic-defence delegation and the party committee, the authorities and the people in the area To grasp this view, the following requirements should be fulfilled: Firstly, unify the awareness of the subjects about the role and position of the EDD in the implementation of the SE development task Secondly, promote the activeness and initiative of the EDD in the implementation of the SE development task Thirdly, continue to consolidate and complete the coordination mechanism between the EDD and the Party committees, authorities, socio-political organizations and people in the economic-defence zone 4.2 Solutions to promoting the role of economic-defence delegation in socio-economic development in the coming time 4.2.1 Improving the efficiency of mobilizing and using investment capital in socio-economic development projects invested by the economic-defence delegation 22 This is a solution that has a direct decisive effect on the results of construction and development of the ED zone in general, as well as the role of the EDD in the SE development Firstly, improve the efficiency of capital mobilization for the implementation of projects Secondly, improve the efficiency of using capital invested in projects 4.2.2 Ensuring human resources, science - technology for economic - national defence teams in performing socio-economic development tasks Firstly, ensure that the human resources of the economicdefence delegation meet the SE development requirements and tasks in the new situation First, the work of creating sources Second, toward the use of human resources Secondly, promote the application of science and technology in the implementation of projects of the economic-defence delegation First, in management, exploitation, use of facilities, technical equipment and technical innovations and improvements Second, in the manual, transfer of science and technology 4.2.3 Further strengthening the organization, personnel and complete the operation mechanism of the economic-defence delegation 4.2.3.1 Further strengthening the organization and staffing In terms of quantity, it is necessary to ensure the requirement of not increasing the number of personnel compared with the prescribed payroll but still capable of fulfilling the assigned task In terms of quality, first of all, it is necessary to select cadres and soldiers with strong political bravery, truly devoted, responsible, capable of organizing and mobilizing people in the projects of SE development 4.2.3.2 Improving the operational mechanism of the national defence delegation, in line with the new development requirements Firstly, perfect the operational mechanism for the EDD 23 Secondly, perfect the coordination mechanism between the EDD and the Party committees, local authorities and military forces standing in the area First, coordinate to well implement the arrangement of residential land and production land Second, coordinate to complete residential planning Third, coordinate in using local human resources 4.2.4 Completing policies and remuneration policies for forces participating in socio-economic development in the economic-defence zones Firstly, the remuneration policy for officers and soldiers of the EDD Secondly, policies for ethnic minorities and labourers in the ED zone Thirdly, the policy of securing facilities and equipment for the task of SE development 4.2.5 Improving the organization and implementation of socioeconomic development tasks of the economic-defence delegation Firstly, raise the awareness and responsibility of officials and soldiers of the SDD in the process of implementing the SE development task Secondly, foster communication and advocacy capacity for economic-defence officials and soldiers Thirdly, foster the capacity to implement the programs of the SE development Conclusion of chapter Base on the theoretical basis and the current situation of the role of the EDD in the SE development in the recent times, in chapter 4, the author has proposed three views and five solutions to promoting the role of the EDD in the SE development in the coming time CONCLUSION Combining economy with national defence and security; defence and security with economy are our Party’s consistent and thorough guideline To realize the above-mentioned guideline, the Party and the State advocated the construction of the ED zones in strategic areas of borders, sea and islands The SE development is a 24 regular central task in the construction and development of the ED zone, of which the EDD is the unit representing the military in the implementation The EDD is a specialized military unit, established to build the ED zones The EDD implements the ED development as a regular central task in the ED zones, in line with the functions, duties, organization and staff of the EDD contributing to hunger eradication, poverty alleviation, improvement and improvement of life living of the people, maintaining political stability, ensuring social order and safety, strengthening the defence and security posture in strategic and border areas; at the same time, promoting the role of ethnic minorities in the cause of building and defending the Socialist Republic of Vietnam In the past years, the EDD's role in the SE development has basically been promoted at a fairly good level, making an important contribution to the SE development of the locality, gradually improving The material and spiritual life of the ethnic minorities and the national defence and security posture have been strengthened day by day However, besides the achieved results, the role of the EDD in the SE development also revealed certain limitations, with content that did not meet the goals and requirements These weaknesses are caused by both objective and subjective factors, of which the main cause is that the capacity of the EDD to perform of tasks fails to meet the requirements of the new situation In order to promote the role of the EDD in the SE development, ensure the fulfilment of the tasks of building the ED zone assigned by the Party and the State, contributing to improving the material and spiritual life of the people ethnic groups, consolidating the solidarity relationship between people and the army The process of implementing the task of SE development of the EDD must grasp the following views: closely combining defence and economic development with SE development; promoting the role of the EDD in SE development must be based on the functions and tasks of the unit and characteristics of the economic-defence zone 25 area; promoting the role of economic-defence delegation in SE development must be based on the unification of awareness and responsibilities between the economic-defence delegation with the party committee, authorities and people in the locality In order to promote the achievements, overcome limitations and solve problems raised from the reality of the EDD performing the SE development tasks on the basis of the identified viewpoints, it is necessary to carry out the following solutions: improving the efficiency of mobilizing and using investment capital in SE development in which the EDD is the investor; ensuring human resources, science - technology for the EDD in the performance of SE development tasks; strengthening the organization, staffing; improving the operational mechanism of the EDD; completing the policies and remuneration regimes for different forces participating in the SE development in the ED zones; and improving the capacity of implementing the SE development tasks of the EDD The EDD performing the SE development task is a new one and in the process of development Simultaneously, it is also a big, diverse, comprehensive, long-term and difficult issue Therefore, mistakes are unavoidable during the process of carrying out the thesis The thesis’s author hopes to receive comments and contributions from scientists and those concerned so as to accomplish the purposes of the thesis  ... under the deciding authority of the party committees and local governments However, due to the special-purpose the ED zone, the arrangement and settlement of the population need the participation... organizations, the party committees and the local authorities The content of the EDD's participation in strengthening the grassroots political system is: coordinating with the Party committees, authorities,... and health care for people in the ED area; The EDD is a force in coordination with the Party Committee, local authorities and military forces standing in the area in arranging and rearranging the