Một số tư liệu về cuộc chiến tranh Pháp - Việt (1946-1954) qua cuốn sách “Cuộc chiến tranh Pháp Đông Dương” của Alanh Rútxiô

Bài viết trình bày một số tư liệu về cuộc chiến tranh Pháp - Việt (1946-1954) qua cuốn sách “Cuộc chiến tranh Pháp Đông Dương” của Alanh Rútxiô thông qua: lực lượng chính quy của quân viễn chinh Pháp tại Viễn Đông; lực lượng quân Đồng minh cùng chiến đấu với CEFEO; số lượng người bị chết, mất tích trong quân viễn chinh Pháp ở Viễn Đông và quân Đồng Minh.

   W| |OOL—X X}›QK KF FK›QK KV V² ²OOL—X   0ÃW WV V ÂWW‡ ‡OOL°X XY¬ Y¬FX FXà ÃF FFK FKLL¯Q QWWUDQK K3 3K’S9L°W W   TXD DF FXÂQ QV V’FK KFX FXà ÃFFK FFKLL¯Q QWWUDQK KS SK’S Sˆ ˆ…QJ JG‡ G‡† †QJ  FËD D$ $ODQK5Í QK5ÍWW[L… WKXÀWU‡°QJ   ODQK5ÍW[L…$ODLQ5XVFLROWL¯QV¶ GÉ VĨ KÁ W FậD 0ệ FKR QJ 'QJ Fẵ NKRDKắFOáFK VéWFJLQKLơXFQJ WQJ OQ QĐD QJ‡ÄL WD FÌQJ NK…QJ WK­ WU±QK YL¯WY¬9L°W1DP1‚P1K WK˜QJ ˆ‡ÈF PW Nă WKẫ PW Nă WKẫ YẽD O [XÔW EQ 7QJ KẩS 3DULV  [XÔW EQ FXQ Fẵ PW  NK˜S Q†L YÏD FK–QJ F½ P W Å Q†L o&XœFFKLŒQWUDQK3KxSimQJ'onQJpE•QJ QR 1L P FKãQK oNă WKẫ FậD QKQ GQp WLQJ 3KS WURQJ Wậ VFK o +L Ô\ OL FKLP ẩF Vể QJặQJ P Y Vể NFÊDWKNưp6FKG\WUDQJNK[ JLS ặ Eã PƠW FậD FKãQK QKQ GQ Ô\  FP QJRL o/L QẵL ĂX Y NW OXƠQp QL 9$5W[LYLWWKPo9áWQJWKQJ0ệ GXQJ VFK JP ED SKĂQ o  FK JLDR QKDX WUă Ô\ ẩF EĂX YR QP  Vâ OL QêP FậD FF FRQ QJ p &XF UÔW QKLơX WLơQ EF WUDQJ Eá FRQ QJL FKL¯Q WUDQK SKL QKƒQ GƒQ 3K’S  WURQJ FXÃF FKL¯Q WUDQK PÇL KD\ O FÌQJ p &XÃF FKL¯Q WUDQK QKƒQ GQ QJ FKãQK FXF FKLQ WUDQK Ô\p ì QẵL *LQ '‡†QJ  7KHR OÄL W’F JL oFXÂQ HQQ†G\ V’FK QK» Q\ FK² O PÃW F’L PÂF WURQJ QKL¬X F’L PÂF NKF 6FK FK Fẵ ì áQK O JLầL WKLX QKẹQJ QJKL„Q FỊX KL°Q QD\ Y¬ FXÃF FKL¯Q WUDQK Q\ PÃW FXF FKLQ WUDQKYầLNKQKLơXWUDQKFL7UDQJFXL FẫQJ FậD VFK $ 5W[L GÊQ FX QẵL FậD 7KẩQJ QJKá Vả 0ệ *LQ HQQG\ -RKQ HQQHG\QJ\ QJPWWKQJ WUầF NKL LQ %LQ 3Kậ WKÔW WKậ UQJ / PÃW QK NKRD K¾F QJ YL„Q QJ &ÃQJ VQ 3K’S VLQK VQJ KắF WƠS Y QJKLQFềXWL3DULV$5W[LFẵLơXNLQ WLS FƠQ YầL QKLơX QJXQ W OLX ư Fẵ QKẹQJNWOXƠQNKFKTXDQOáFKVéFậDYÔQ ơ PQK ơ FƠS YầL W FFK O PW FKX\Q JLD Yơ QJ 'QJ PW QK o9LW 1DP KắFpFậDQầF3KS oQêP WLơQ EF WUDQJ Eá Y FRQ QJL YR 6FKFXQJFÔSFKREQắFQKLơXVéOLX FF NKX UẽQJ UƠP QJ '‡†QJ P NK…QJ EL E’R EL„Q EQ F’F FXÃF K¾S FậD 4XF Fẵ PW P\ PD\ WULưQ YắQJ [D YL QR Y¬ KÃL E‚QJ JKL ƒP FËD F’F FK·QK NK’FK N¯W TX V© O PÃW YL°F QJX\ KL­P Y… ·FK QKQ GQ 3KS Yơ FXF o&KLQ WUDQK EÂQ Y Y Y¾QJ 7…L WKQK WKĨF FKR U•QJ FKR WK²X p Å QJ 'QJ &KQJ WL  +L.KRDKắF/áFKVé9LW1DP 0WVWOLĂXYFXFFKLQWUDQK3KS9LĂW  [LQ GáFK Y JLầL WKLX PW YL W OLX GầL NKRQJQJL \ưEQắFWKDPNKR NKRQJQJL NKRQJQJL  /ắF OQJ FKÔQK TX\ FảD TX|Q YLžQ FKLQK 3K‹S WŒL 9LžQ z~QJ NKRQJQJ‡ÄL &()(2 NKRQJQJ‡ÄL &XÂLQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJL &XLQJL NKRQJQJL &XLQJL NKRQJQJL &XLQJL  &KL SKÔ FKR FKLŸQ WUDQK z~QJ &XÂLQJ‡ÄL '€QJ &XÂLQJ‡ÄL 0RQGHQJˆ\ 7KHR %‹R i7K¦ JLºLj  /H &XÂLQJ‡ÄL  &XÂLQJ‡ÄL      &XLQJL &XLQJL  /ắF OQJ TX|Q zôQJ PLQK FàQJ FKLQXYL&()(2      QYá7ếSKUQJ &XLQJL 6ắW{QJWUQJFảDOắFOQJ9LW &XLQJL &XLQJL *LẹDQJL  6đ OQJ QJL EƠ JLW FKW PW WÔFK WURQJ TX|Q YLQ FKLQK 3KS  9LQz~QJYTX|QzôQJPLQK D 4XkQ YL‹Q FKLQK 3KxS Yu TXkQ i˜QJ PLQK .KRQJTXƒQ NKRQJQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL D7™QJ V›TXkQNŠFvEœpœLFK‘QKTX\ Eœ pœLp’D SKonQJGkQTXkQGXN‘FKFKLŒQ p‚X 1‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL 1‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL 1‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL 7URQJVÂQ\ E4XkQFK‘QKTX\ 1‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL 1‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL 1‚P  NKL QJÏQJ E˜Q NKRQJ QJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL F%œpœLp’DSKonQJ NKRQJQJ‡ÄL *LÑDQ‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL *LÑDQ‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL NKRQJQJ‡ÄL *LÑDQ‚PNKRQJQJ‡ÄL E7URQJV›Qu\QJoL3KxSFKLŒP NKRQJQJ‡ÄL  0LQK 1JX¿Q 3LHUUH 5RFROOH 7yL VDR iLQ %LlQ 3KÊ"3RXUTXRL'LHQ%LHQ3KX"     1JKLQFắX/ƯFKVẳV &~QJG|Q3KSWKHRGăLWLQWẵFY  FXFFKLQWUDQKz~QJ'QJTXDER  FKÔ 7KHR WK{P GƯ G OXQ FảD 9LQ G3KvLWKonQJWKX\WYL9LW0LQK 'OXQWKQJ 7ơQJVđSK|QORL 7KHRGăL 7KÂQK K~QJEDR WKQJ[X\}Q WKRQJ JL 6QJLWURQJWQJV    Q…QJ    3KỴQĐ    7ẽQWXL    WXLWUOQ    6LQKYLQWUXQJFÔS    ệWKXƠW    &DRFÔS    &ÐWULFËDQJ&ÃQJVQ3K’S    &ÐWULFËDQJ7¥SKÈSE±QK       GQ  &FFéWULNKF  6ắ WKD\ ơL F~QJ OXQ Yœ Y•Q œ z~QJ'€QJ   DimQJ'onQJSKvLWKXœFY‰3KxS     E 3KvL OƒS OyL WUƒW W« ž imQJ 'onQJ Fă WKlPTXkQpLVDQJimQJ'onQJ   H1JĐQJFKLQWUDQKFmQJQKQQQpF OSFÊD9LW1DP   J 7ULW K˜L TXkQ pœL NKmQJ G‘QK O‘X JŽ Y LimQJ'onQJQ©D     F lX J—L /LlQ +LS 4X›F KR~F 0® FDQ WKLS      1JX¿Q 9LQ 'o OXQ Wẽ  Q   0WVWOLĂXYFXFFKLQWUDQK3KS9LĂW  1KẳQJQJLFKƠXWUFKQKLPYQJOđLFKÔQKWUƠFảD3KSWLz~QJ'QJ 7KLJLDQ  9FKÔQKWUƠ&DRX 9TX|QVắ7ơQJFKÂKX\TX|QL  FFJLQJOL 7ầQJ/FOH/HFOHUF  7K' $UJHQOLHX 7ầQJ9DOX\  }PLQ%…ODH 9DOOX\    /„…QJ3LQK…QJ %ODL]RW  /ªRQ3LJQRQ 7‡ÇQJ&’FS‚QJFKL„&DUSHQWLHU  7‡ÇQJÄ/’WˆÄ7’W[LQKLGH/DWWUHGH7DVVLJQ\  *L‚QJ/†7XÂF1… 7‡ÇQJ6DO‚QJ6DODQ  -HDQ/HWRXUQHDX 7‡ÇQJ1DYD  0…U·W[†ÄJL‚QJ0DXULFH'HMHDQ 1DYDUUH  7‡ÇQJ}O\ š PLOH%RODHUW š 7‡ÇQJ%OHG… O\  1KẳQJ F~QJ WUĂQK FảD FF WF JL 7URQJ GDQK PẻF V’FK W‡ OL°X WL OL°X QK E‚QJ JKL ƒP WUÓF WL¯S J S JỈ ˆ­ YL¯W V’FK$5ÍW[L…ˆàG£QUDFRQVÂ7’FJL ˆà WKÂQJ N„ ˆ‡ÈF  FQJ WUQK FậD FF WF JLQJL3KSYLWYơLQ%LQ3KậẩF [XÔWEQWURQJ WKLJLDQWẽQ  1KẹQJ WF SKÂP GầL \ WƠS WUXQJ FKậ \XYơWUƠQLQ%LQ3KậKD\PWWKLNễ OáFK Vé QJ WKL ẵ O QKẹQJ QP [XÔW EQĂXWLQFậDPLWFSKÂP  $FFRFH 3LHUUH 0‡GHFLQV u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX3DULV3UGHOD&LWª $PRXURX[+HQUL&URL[VXUO ,QGRFKLQH 3DULV'RPDW  $UWDXG 'HQLVH  DSODQ /DZUHQFH HG 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX / $OOLDQFH DWODQWLTXH HW OD G‡IHQVH GX 6XG(VW DVLDWLTXH /\RQ /D0DQXIDFWXUH  $[HOUDG (GRXDUG 0DULH &DVVHFRỷWH 3DULV-HDQ&ODXGH/DWWƯV  %DOO 5HQê 'HUQLHU EDURXG u 'LHQ %LHQ3KX3DULV-DFTXHV*UDQFKHU  %DOO 5HQª ,QGRFKLQH  /HV FRPEDWV GH O LPSRVVLEOH 3DULV &KDUOHV /DYDX]HOOH   %DOO 5HQê / HQIHU GH 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 3DULV+HLPGDO 3KSYLWFKả\XYzLQ%L}Q3Kả %HUJRW(UZDQ'HX[L„PHFODVVHu'LHQ %LHQ3KX3DULV/D7DEOH5RQGH  %HUJRW (UZDQ /HV  MRXUV GH 'LHQ %LHQ3KX3DULV3U'HOD&LWª %HUJRW(UZDQ'LHQ%LHQ3KX3DULV 3U'HOD&LWª  %HUQLHU -HDQ3ïHUUH ,O \ D  DQV 'LHQ%LHQ3KX3DULV0LFKHO/DIRQ  %HUWLQ 0DUF 3DFNHW VXU 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX OD YLH TXRWLGLHQQH G XQ SLORWH GH WUDQVSRUW1DYHLO&KH]OnDXWHXU  %HVVXJHV -DFTXHV /H ILO G $ULDQH /HV6DEOHVG 2ORQQH&KH]OnDXWHXU  %LJHDUG 0DUFHO JªQªUDO 3RXU XQH SDUFHOOHGHJORLUH3DULV3ORQ  %LJHDUG 0DUFHO JªQªUDO 0D JXHUUH G ,QGRFKLQH3DULV+DFKHWWH&DUU¦UH %RQKHXU*DVWRQ9HLOO‡HG DUPHVVXU OH FKDPS GH EDWDLOOH 3DULV /HV ,PSU 5ªXQLHV  %RUQHUW /XFLHQ 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX FLWDGHOOH GH OD JORLUH 3DULV 1RXY 3UHVVHV 0RQGLDOHV     %RUQHUW /XFLHQ /HV UHVFDSV GH 1JKLQFắX/ƯFKVẳV  'LVWLQJXLU +HQU\ 8QH DXWUH O HQIHU /HV K‡URV GH 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 3DULV ,QGRFKLQH 0‡PRLUHV UHWURXY‡V 3DULV /D 1RXY3UHVVHV0RQGLDOHV 3HQVªV8QLYHUVHOOH  %RXGDUHO *HRUJHV *LDS 3DULV $WODV  'URLW 0LFKHO /H WHPSV GHV KRPPHV / 2ULHQWSHUGX3DULV-XOOLDUG  %UDQFLRQ +HQUL GH JªQªUDO 'LHQ  'XIRXU 3LHUUH 3UHPLHU 5‡JLPHQW GH %LHQ 3KX $UWLOOHXUV GDQV OD IRXUQDLVH &KDVVHXUVSDUDFKXWLVWHV3DULV/DYDX]HOOH 3DULV3UGHOD&LWª   %UXJH 5RJHU /HV KRPPHV GH 'LHQ %LHQ3KX3DULV3HUULQ  &DWURX[ *HRUJHV JªQªUDO 'HX[ DFWHV GX GUDPH LQGRFKLQRLV +DQRL MXLQ '%33DULV3ORQ  &KDIIDUG VHFUHWV GH OD *HRUJHV /HV '‡FRORQLVDWLRQ &KDVVLQ 3DULV JªQªUDO %LHQ3KX3DULV$PLRW'XPRQW &KDXYHO OD)UDQFHDWHOOHSHUGXO ,QGRFKLQH"3DULV ,PSU&KDQWHQD\  )UHGHULF'XSRQW (GRXDUG 0LVVLRQ GH /LRQHO0D[ $YLDWLRQ ,QGRFKLQH 'H RK &KDQJ u 'LHQ   )DOO %HUQDUG 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX XQ FRLQG HQIHU3DULV5REHUW/DIIRQG  )UHGULF'XSRQW (GRXDUG &RPPHQW &DUQHWV &DOPDQQ/ªY\  (O\3DXOJªQªUDO/ ,QGRFKLQHGDQV ODWRXUPHQWH3DULV3ORQ -HDQ OD)UDQFHHQ$VLH3DULV)UDQFH(PSLUH  )ULDQJ %ULJLWWH /HV IOHXUV GX FLHO 3DULV5REHUW/DIIRQW &RPPHQWDLUH 'H  *DODEUX $QGUª 8Q VROGDW DX *UDQW %HUQH u 3DULV  3DULV )D\DUG FRHXUFDSLWDLQH7RXUUHWFRPPHQGDQWOH„  &KRF u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX /D )UD\VVH $  &ROOHW -HDQ $YRLU YLQJW DQV u 'LHQ %LHQ3KX3DULV/D%UX\¦UH  *DODUG *HQHYL¦YH GH 8QH IHPPH u  &RXGHUW - /D GHUQL„UH OXFLROH /HV 'DNRWDV SDUDFKXW‡V u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 5HLPV&KH]OnDXWHXU o 3DULV/D'RF)UDQ DLVH %LHQ3KX3DULV-HDQ&ODXGH/DWWƯV 'HIRUJHV5êJLQH/DGHUQLUHFROOLQH 3DULV)D\DUG 'HOSH\ OH 5RJHU  *HQW\ 5REHUW FRORQHO 8OWLPHV 3DULV/n+DUPDWWDQ  *HRUJHV 0DUFHO *R VXU 'LHQ %LHQ  'HFODXVVH 3KLOLSSH 5HWRXU u 'LHQ  'LHQ%LHQ3KX3DULV/HV$U¦QHV VHFRXUV SRXU 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX   'DOOR] -DFTXHV 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX / $IIDLUH *DODEUX 3KX3DULV)UDQFH(PSLUH  *UDXZLQ 3DXO 0ªGHFLQFRPPDQGDQW - ‡WDLV P‡GHFLQ u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 3DULV )UDQFH(PSLUH 'LHQ FRPPHQFHPHQW %LHQ 3KX 3DULV /D 3HQVªH0RGHUQH  'HOVRO 3DXO $GLHX HW PHUFL 3DULV -XOOLDUG  'HYLOOHUV 3KLOLSSH  /DFRXWXUH -HDQ *XLOODLQ5REHUW/D ILQGHVLOOXVLRQV 1RWHV G  LQGRFKLQH I‡YULHUMXLOOHW 3DULV&HQWUHGn(W'H 3ROLWLTXH š  WUDQJ¦UH   -XWHDX -HDQ0DULH 4XDQG OHV FDQRQV VH WDLVHQW 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX /DQJ /D ILQ G XQH JXHUUH ,QGRFKLQH  3DULV 9DL &KR &KX +DQRL 6¦WH &KH] OnDXWHXU 6HXLO   0°WV¯WƒOL¡XYFX°FFKL QWUDQK3KŒS9L¡W  ULHJ LQGRFKLQRLVH (UQHVW 9RO ,,, /D 'LHQ WUDJ‡GLH %LHQ 3KX 6DLQW0DUFHO  3RXSH /ªRSROG/DFKXWH GH 'LHQ%LHQ /H GUDPH 3KX0DYLHGHSULVLRQQHU6FDOOHW LQGRFKLQRLV 'H 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX DX SDUL GH *HQ„YH3DULV3ORQ  /D 0DUUH %HUJHURQ %LHQ3KX3DULV3UGHOD&LWª 3KX3DULV)UDQFH(PSLUH -RVHSK (G  3RXJHW -HDQ 1RXV ‡WLRQV u 'LHQ  /DQJODLV 3LHUUH FRORQHO 'LHQ %LHQ /DQLHO ,V¦UH 6DQGHUVVG 3DULV(GGH6W&ODLU    5HQDOG -HDQ / HQIHU GH 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 5‡FLW G XQ FRUUHVSRQGDQW GH JXHUUH +HUYª /H GHUQLHU 3DULV)ODPPDULRQ FDSLWDLQH3DULV*UDVVHW  5RFROOH 3LHUUH FRORQHO 3RXUTXRL /H0LUH+HQUL(SHUYLHU/H„PH&KRF 'LHQ%LHQ3KX"3DULV)ODPPDULRQ u'LHQ%LHQ3KX3DULV$OELQ0LFKHO  /HRP\ )DEULFH 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX  5R\ -XOHV /D EDWDLOOH GH 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX3DULV-XOOLDUG 3DULV6RFRPHU  5R\ -XOHV  &$086 'DQLHO 'LHQ  /H 4XDQJ *ªUDUG *LDS RX ODJXHUUH %LHQ3KX3DULV-XOOLDUG GXSHXSOH3DULV'HQRëO  5XVFLR $ODLQ 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX OD ILQ G   0DLVRQ5RXJH 2OLYLHU GH FRORQHO XQHLOOXVLRQ3DULV/ +DUPDWWDQ3DULV /D JXHUUH G LQGRFKLQH  3DULV /DEUX\ƯUH  6DODQ 5DRXO JêQêUDO /H 9LHW 0LQK PRQ DGYHUVDLUH 3DULV 3UGH OD 0HQJHOOH$QGUªJªQªUDO'LHQ%LHQ &LWª 3KX GHV FKDUV HW GHV KRPPHV 3DULV /DYDX]HOOH  6FKPLWW 0DXULFH JªQªUDO 'H 'LHQ %LHQ3KXu.RZHLW&LW\3DULV*UDVVHW  0XHOOH 5D\PRQG &RPEDWV HQ SD\V 7KDL GH /DL &KDX u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 3DULV  6FKRHQGRHUIIHU 3LHUUH /uKDXW 3DULV*UDVVHW 3UGHOD&LWª  6FKRHQGRHUIIHU 3LHUUH 'LHQ %LHQ  1DYDUUH +HQUL JªQªUDO $JRQLH GH O ,QGRFKLQH3DULV3ORQ 3KX  'H OD EDWDLOOH DX ILOP 3DULV/LQFROQ)L[RW  1DYDUUH +HQUL JªQªUDO /H 7HPSV GHV9‡ULW‡V3DULV3ORQ  9XFFLQR +HQUL 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX 3R„PHV/XFKRQ  3DXORW 6X]DQQH &KDQWV SRXU PRQ ILOV 3LHUUH WRPE‡ u 'LHQ %LHQ 3KX3R¦PHV  ******************  FKÌWK·FK   1K‡ 1K©QJ pvQJ YLlQ ivQJ &QJ VvQ /FK Vă Yu KL WoQJ $5W[L  Fẵ EL WKDP 3KxSYu FXœFFKLŒQ WUDQKimQJ'onQJ OX¥Q  QjP FmQJ WxF VoX WP Yu Vă OLX iLQ / +DUPDWWDQ 3DULV  OXƠQ Q WLQ Vả iLQ %LlQ3KÊ %LlQ 3KÊ NW WKƠF PW vR vQK / +DUPDWWDQ 3DULV  /FK Vă FÊD PœW FXœF JLvL WK«F GkQ  9L¯W W˜W F’F FKĐ ĂX o&RUSV ([SêGLWLRQQDLUH)UDQầDLVHQ([WUPH2ULHQWp  QJ 53) 5DVVHPEOHPHQW 3RSXODLUH 3KxS 0HVVLGRU 3  9LW 1DP OFK Vă pW QoF FRQ QJoL / +DUPDWWDQ 3DULV  7K’QJWURQJ+ÃLWKRiLQ%LlQ3K£   )UDQÇDLV  7U‡ÇF WD YÊQ WKQJ JắL O /FOêF 7KHR PWVEQ3KSQJLWDJắLO/FOH ... WUDQKYầLNKQKLơXWUDQKFL7UDQJFXL FẫQJ FậD VFK $ 5W[L GÊQ FX QẵL FậD 7KẩQJ QJKá Vả 0Ư *L…Q HQQ†G -RKQ HQQHGQJ ˆÍQJPÃWWK’QJ WU‡ÇF NKL L°Q %L„Q 3Kậ WKÔW WKậ UQJ /... 7ầQJ/W7W[LQKLGH/DWWUHGH7DVVLJQ  *LQJ/7XF1 7‡ÇQJ6DO‚QJ6DODQ  -HDQ/HWRXUQHDX 7‡ÇQJ1DYD  0…U·W[†ÄJL‚QJ0DXULFH'HMHDQ