Quản lý nhà nước đối với chuyển dịch cơ cấu kinh tế ngành ở vùng đồng bằng sông hồng tt tiếng anh

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS NATIONAL ACADEMY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TRAN THI HUYEN TRANG THE STATE MANAGEMENT TO THE SECTORAL ECONOMICS OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE IN THE RED RIVER DELTA Major : Public administration Code : 09 34 04 03 Summary of Doctoral Dissertation of Public Administration HANOI –2019 The work is completed at:………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………… Science instructor: Assoc.Prof&Dr LE XUAN BA Assoc.Prof&Dr NGO THUY QUYNH Reviewer 1:……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… Reviewer 2:……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… Reviewer 3:……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… The dissertation shall be defended in front of Dissertation Review Council under the Academy Location: Room for defense of Doctoral dissertation – Meeting room… House ……, National Academy of Public Administration No 77 - Nguyen Chi Thanh street - Dong Da district - Hanoi Time: at………… Date……………………… Also have further information of dissertation at National Library of Vietnam or the Library of National Academy of Public Administration PUBLISHED PROJECT LIST RELATED TO THE THESIS No Project Change of economic structure in the Red River Delta region Connection of change of economic structure to labor structure change in the Red River Delta Change of economic structure in the sector in Red River Delta region - Reality and problems posed with state management Promoting comparative advantages for change of economic structure in the Red River Delta region Application of results-based management to raising the PCI of provincial competitiveness index in the Red River Delta provinces State management over maritime delimitation issues Status for participation Published by Year of publicat ion Author Journal of State Management - National Academy of Public Administration, July 2013 2013 Author Journal of Economics and Management - Vietnam Institute of Economics - Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics, August 2014 2014 Author Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, September 2015 2015 Author Journal of Information and Socio-Economic Forecasting - National Center for SocioEconomic Information and Forecast – Ministry of Planning and Investment, June 2014 2014 Author Yearbook of Scientific Conference “Management according to results - Theory and practice” - Hanoi University of Home Affairs 2018 Author Yearbook of International Conference - Flander Technology Research Institute – Belgium, National Academy of Public Administration & Vietnam Institute of Economics 2016 INTRODUCTION The urgency of topic The process of industrialization, modernization and international economic integration requires the necessity to build a modern and efficient economic structure This process starts from the internal change within the localities to the economic regions across the country However, the differences in natural conditions, socio-economic circumstances, historical circumstances, and the operation of economic laws determine the differences in the economic structure of each region and area Therefore, the economic structure reflects the general rule of trend, at the same time; it must be consistent with the resources and development capabilities of each territory The Red River Delta is considered a region with a strategic role in socio-economic development of the country Although there are many conditions and resources for implementing change of economic structure, this process is still slow, inefficient, not exploiting the potentials and strengths of the region The goal of the change of economic structure set out in Resolution No 54-NQ/TW (9th Congress) “For socio-economic development and ensuring the defense and security of the Red River Delta until 2010 and orientation to the year 2020” has not been achieved In terms of nature, the change of economic structure of the region has not shown the modernity and efficiency if: GRDP structure by sector does not reflect the nature of the economic structure level of the region; limited contribution of science and technology, the change of economic structure are not associated with change of labor structure, so labor efficiency is not high In addition to the impact of the domestic and international economic situation, one of the causes of this situation is due to inefficient implementation of the Sate in management role The State management for change of economic structure in the sector in general and the Red River Delta in particular has led economic sectors to develop under the orientation and objectives of change, creating an conducive institutional environment to the sectors, and at the same time, effectively arranging and organizing regional resources for change of economic structure However, the State management for this process of the Red River Delta is still limited The change planning lacks predictability and feasibility; asynchronous laws and policies lead to inefficient mobilization and use of resources, especially for capital, labor and science and technology Besides, the State management apparatus for the change of economic structure of the Red River Delta is still inadequate, the inspection work has difficulties in this process These issues reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of the State management Therefore, I have selected the issue of “State management for change of economic structure in the Red River Delta” as the research topic of my thesis Objectives and tasks of the research 2.1 Objectives of the research Researching this content, the thesis aims to propose solutions and recommendations to innovate the State management for change of economic structure of the Red River Delta 2.2 Tasks of the research Firstly, having an overview of the issues related to the content of the thesis in domestic and foreign research works Secondly, systematizing the theoretical basis of the change of economic structure in the sector and building a theoretical basis for the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector Thirdly, generalizing the situation of change of economic structure in the sector in Red River Delta At the same time, analyzing the State management status for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta, determining the aspects achieved, shortcomings and causes of weaknesses in the State management process for the change of economic structure in the sector of the Red River Delta Fourthly, on the basis of theory and practice, the thesis proposes some solutions and recommendations to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of State management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Object and scope of the research 3.1 Object of the research The thesis determines object of the research is the State management status for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta 3.2 Scope of the research - Scope of space: the thesis implements the research on the Red River Delta consisting of cities under central authority and provinces of the region - Scope of time: period of 2010-2017, focusing on updating the latest data on research topic which can be collected at the present time - Scope of content: under major of public management, the thesis implements the research on the State management as the center On the basis of the change of economic structure in the Red River Delta, the content of the thesis focuses on the State management for the change of economic structure in this region Approach and research methods 4.1 Approach method Change of economic structure in sector is one of the macroeconomic, interdisciplinary, inter-regional issues and changes over time The author approaches the topic in the main direction: - Approach from theory to practice: after clarifying the issues of relevant theory, the author assessed the situation and developed the State management orientation for change of economic structure in the Red river delta - System approach: the author considers the Red River Delta a unified economic system Sectors are modules of this economic system - Interdisciplinary and inter-regional approach: when considering the sectors in the region's economy, the author considers the economic results calculated in three major economic sectors: agriculture-forestry and fisheries (referred to as is agriculture), industry - construction, services At the same time, researching these economic areas within the inter-provincial area in a correction which is the region 4.2 Specific research methods The thesis uses some of the following main research methods: System analysis method; Statistical analysis method; Comparative method; Mapping method; Sociological investigation method; Interview method; Professional solution, etc Research questions and scientific hypotheses 5.1 Research questions - Question 1: What is change of economic structure in the sector, where it is from, what is the necessary condition for change of economic structure in the sector? How does the role of the State impact on the change of economic structure in the sector? - Question 2: What is comprehension of the State management and change of economic structure in the sector? What are scientific criteria for assessing the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector of the region? - Question 3: What should we to improve the efficiency of state management for change of economic structure in the sector? How should the state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta need to be renewed to make the economic structure in the sector reasonable and modern? 5.2 Scientific hypothesis The result of change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta will be improved more and more positively, if the effectiveness and efficiency of the state management in this process is guaranteed Otherwise, the good state management of the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta cannot take advantage of the potentials and opportunities to effectively change the economic structure in the sector Research theoretical framework The starting point of the research theory is that State management conducted by the State, using management tools and with management methods, affecting the change process of economic structure in the sector Without the impact of the State, this process will still take place and is governed by a single market factor However, for this process to take place most effectively, to make the most of the region’s advantages, the role of the State is extremely important The impact of the State on this process is to change the economic structure in the sector from one state to another in a more modern, efficient, rational and progressive manner This process is implemented from intrinsic change of major economic sectors (agriculture, industry - construction, services), forming the trend of change of economic structure in the sector in general State management Management tools Management method Change of economic structure in sector Economic structure in sector Condition Industry Agriculture Economic structure in sector Condition Services Industry Agriculture Services Source: The author New contributions of the topic 7.1 In terms of theory The topic clarifies some basic theoretical issues on the state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in an economic region 7.2 In terms of practice - On the basis of theory, the thesis investigates, collects information, studies data and uses calculations to provide the indicators that reflect the results of the change process of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Based on the quantitative results obtained, the thesis conducts an objective and scientific assessment of the current achievements and limitations of this change process taking place in the Red River Delta - In the relationship between the economic structure and the factors of input resources, the thesis studies the impact of labor structure, capital structure, science and technology content to clarify their direct influence on the change of economic structure of the Red River Delta - The topic investigates the role and influence of the state management on the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Assessment of state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta in the following criteria: effectiveness, efficiency, sustainability For each criterion, the author tries to quantify through specific indicators, as a basis to draw conclusions on the advantages and limitations of state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta From there, the solutions groups for each content of state management will be proposed - Research results and conclusions can be used as a reference in research, teaching and learning about the state management in relation to the change of economic structure in particular and the state management in economics in general The results of the research will be scientific content, to a certain extent; it is capable of serving the managers in making policy and implementing the function of state management for the change process of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta The structure of the thesis In addition to the table of contents, list of tables, introduction, list of references and indexes, the content of the thesis is structured into chapters: Chapter 1: Overview of scientific projects on state management for change of economic structure in the sector Chapter 2: Scientific basis on state management for change of economic structure in the sector Chapter 3: Actual situation of state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Chapter 4: Solutions to renovate the state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red river delta region CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC PROJECTS ON STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CHANGE OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE IN THE SECTOR Chapter conducts an overview of issues directly related to the contents of the topic, including: - Overview of research projects on economic structure, economic structure in sector and change of economic structure in sector - Overview of research projects on state management for change of economic structure in sector - Overview of research projects related to change of economic structure in sector in the Red River Delta The contents include a collection of relevant domestic and foreign projects Each project is researched and exploited in different views, with a different scientific aspect Implementing this overview, the author tries to give a generalized picture of the actual published research results related to the topic From the perspective of state management, major of public management, the thesis learns and inherits to the extent that it allows the state management research for change of economic structure in the sector in general, in the Red River Delta in particular in order to clarify the research arguments of the author At the same time, from the author’s perspective, the overview carries out to assess the researched issues, the remaining ones to find new ones, supplement to the theoretical and practical system for the research of thesis CHAPTER 2: SCIENTIFIC BASIS ON STATE MANAGEMENT FOR CHANGE OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE IN THE SECTOR 2.1 Theoretical basis on state management for change of economic structure in the sector 2.1.1 Some theoretical issues on economic structure in sector and change of economic structure in sector 2.1.1.1 The economic structure Economic structure is a system consisting of parts of the economy with relatively stable size, position and relationship formed in a certain period Thus, the concept of economic structure covers both quantity (usually measured by the percentage of parts in a whole) and quality (level of development and connection of parts) 2.1.1.2 Economic structure in the sector Economic structure in the sector (or sector economic structure, or economic sector structure, or sector structure) is the most common form of economic structure, including the overall structural relationship of sectors and sub-sectors of the economy for specific time and space The economic structure in the sector has the main morphology: Structure by sector group: Agriculture, forestry and fishery - Construction industry - Services 2.1.1.3 Change of economic structure in the sector a Awareness on change of economic structure in the sector The change of economic structure in the sector is an objective economic phenomenon As a historical economic category, the economic structure is always fluctuating, at different times with different conditions; the corresponding economic structure will be formed It is the change in the quantity of sectors due to the appearance or disappearance of some sectors It is also the change in the quality due to the change in position and the contribution of the sectors to the economic structure Accordingly, the sector whose growth rate is faster than the average will create the greater economic value, playing a bigger role in the structure b The concept of change of economic structure in the sector The change process of economic structure in the sector is essentially a correlation change between the three major economic sectors (three regions) in the overall economic structure In particular, there is an increase in the proportion of this sector group and a decrease in the proportion of the other sector group This changes the sector structure from one condition to another From the perspective of state management, analysis of indicators reflecting the change of economic structure in the sector include: The change of GDP structure (within the region, it is GRDP structure); the change of sector labor structure; the change in the proportion of value-added in production (GT) c The trend of change of economic structure in the sector Firstly, in the structure of GDP /GRDP, the trend is shown as: increasing the proportion of contribution to GDP /GRDP of service area (area III), industry and construction area (area II), decreasing the proportion of agriculture - forestry - fishery (area I) Secondly, for the labor structure, the change trend is to increase the proportion of nonagricultural labor, and decrease the proportion of agricultural labor Third, increase the proportion of added value (GT) in the total production value d Some theories on change of economic structure in the sector words, the regional level is not an administrative level However, that does not mean that there is no state management in the regional scope Within this scope, the state management still takes place to implement the regional connection and socio-economic development of the region In fact, the state management in the region is assigned to the central state management agency (government) and the provincial state management agency in that region - Secondly, the state management for change of economic structure in the sector is a wide issue, covering many sectors and fields Therefore, there is no specialized agency on the change of economic structure in the sector at the central or provincial levels, but this function is implemented by many different agencies and ministries These agencies manage to develop their respective sectors and fields according to planning and orientations for change of economic structure in the common sector In particular, there is a lead agency (assigned to the Ministry of Planning and Investment and Departments of Planning and Investment of provinces) taking responsibility and coordinating the agencies for implementation 3.2.3.2 Determination of the functions, tasks and powers of agencies in the apparatus The functions, tasks and powers of the agencies in the state management apparatus for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Region are specified in many legal documents at both central and local levels In particular, there are tasks and powers that directly implement the function of state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Region Implementing the policy of continuing to renovate and reorganize the apparatus in order to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and reduce the internal focal points of the above-mentioned agencies arises a number of inadequacies affecting the task of state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Region 3.2.3.3 Civil servants in organizing the state management apparatus for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region In terms of quantity, this human resource mainly consists of civil servants in the system of lead agencies of vertical sector, directly implementing the function of state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region including the Ministry of Planning and Investment (with related professional departments) and Department of Planning and Investment of 11 provinces and cities (with related professional divisions) At the local level, some departments only establish one sector economic division, some departments establish two divisions On average, each professional division has 6-9 permanent staff Through practical research, many professional division of the Department have an unreasonable arrangement of staff In particular, there are professional divisions with too many "leaders", the situation of “subordinate abuse” is relatively common On the quality, the survey at the Department through the questionnaire collects information about the qualifications of the surveyed people, the author carries out the process of primary data The results show that 70% of officials and civil servants in these agencies are mostly trained, the university level is the majority 3.2.4 Inspection, examination and supervision of activities of state management agencies for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The inspection, examination and supervision as a state management activity for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region are carried out by the State on two sides: (1) The State inspects, checks and supervises the state management agencies in implementing the assigned functions and tasks related to the change of economic structure in the sector (2) The State through competent state management agencies shall carry out the inspection, examination and supervision of entities operating in economic sectors of the Red River Delta Region 3.3 Assessment of state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta 3.3.1 Assessment by the criteria 3.3.1.1 Validity criteria The effectiveness of state management for change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta is expressed in two main aspects: - Firstly, from the managing entity, the effectiveness of state management for change of economic structure in the sector is assessed through the law compliance level of competent state management agencies - Secondly, from the managing object, the effectiveness of state management for change of economic structure in the sector is assessed through: The reliability of entities operating in economic sectors on the effectiveness of state management through assessment of the compliance with the laws of state management agencies and civil servants in the apparatus This level of confidence is reflected in the Legal Institutions index The index of "legal institutions" is quite stable over the years but there is a great difference between localities 3.3.1.2 Efficiency criteria (i) The efficiency of using the investment capital of ICOR Apply formula (1) to calculate the ICOR coefficient In particular, the indicators of investment capital and gross output in the GRDP area to calculate the ICOR must be calculated according to the same price (comparative or current price) The author selects the current price for analysis: Based on the above data table, the ICOR of the Red River Delta is lower than the national ICOR in the period of 2011-2016 (lower than 0.42 units) Despite this, the region’s ICOR remains high In the period of 2011-2016, the region's ICOR was 6.49, meaning that it had to invest 6.49 units of capital to increase GRDP unit This reflects the low capital efficiency (ii) Labor efficiency Applying formula (2), the labor productivity of the Red River Delta shows that the labor productivity of the region has a relatively slow annual increase This labor productivity reflects the low labor efficiency, labor force participation in the economic sectors but the GRDP creation is not commensurate In particular, the labor productivity is particularly low in the agricultural area This situation creates great pressure on the labor structure change from agriculture to non-agricultural areas, improving labor efficiency in agriculture (iii) Effectiveness of using science and technology The calculation to quantify the value and added value of economic sectors brought about by science and technology is very complicated At present, in our country, there is no organization that can research and statistic on this indicator Therefore, within the limited resources of the thesis temporarily does not consider this indicator 3.3.1.3 Sustainability criteria In the change of economic structure in the sector, the sustainability criteria are measured through indicators: - The stability of the growth rate of the non-agricultural field in the economic structure of the Red River Delta Region through stages The data show that the structural change has a great difference in the speed of development between stages - The degree of difference between localities in the region in terms of economic structure Red River Delta has a great difference between localities in the change of economic structure in the sector - Level of environmental pollution control This problem is still a great problem in parallel with the process of change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Region The rate of common solid waste collected is treated to the standards and national technical regulations of the Red River Delta 3.3.2 General assessment 3.3.2.1 Achievement The State has shown its management role in the change process of economic structure in the sector in the region As a result, the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta Region has gradually changed in a positive direction, contributing to economic growth and changing the socio-economic face of the region 3.3.2.2 Limitation Although there have been certain progress, but so far the results of change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region have been mainly a quantitative change In terms of quality, the change of economic structure in the sector in the region has not changed significantly 3.3.2.3 Causes a Objective causes: International integration is becoming more and more extensive, especially economic integration, the situation of economic development of the whole country, the situation of climate change, natural disasters and epidemics continuously occurring, reaching out to social security requirements, internal weaknesses of each local economy in the region b Subjective causes Limitations in the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta are also from subjective causes from the state management CHAPTER SOLUTIONS TO RENOVATE THE STATE MANAGEMENT FOR THE CHANGE OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE IN THE SECTOR IN THE RED RIVER DELTA REGION 4.1 The international and domestic context affecting the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region 4.1.1 The international and regional contexts affecting the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The specific goals pursuit of large countries has created the significant challenges to the world economic prospects in the future While the global economic picture includes light and dark colors, the analysts generally forecast that the world's economic outlook next year will improve 4.1.2 Domestic context affecting the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The overall picture of Vietnam's economy in recent years has experienced many changes Experiencing 2016 - the first year of the new Government term, which is also the first year to implement the 5-year socio-economic development plan (2016-2020) of the domestic economy with certain development but not achieved the desired levels 4.2 Opinions, objectives and directions for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The points and courses of action towards the State's goals are set up, which are: Building the Red River Delta region is really a pioneer of the country to implement "strategic breakthroughs" and economic restructure, becoming the nation's leading on the economic development 4.3 Solutions to renovate state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region 4.3.1 The basis for the solutions proposal The solutions to renovate state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta are proposed by the NCS, depended on the following basis: Theoretical system for the change of economic structure in the sector and the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector; the causes of the limitations and weaknesses are drawn from the state management practices for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region, the lessons from the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector in some regions of the world and my country, new socio-economic contexts that have resulted in new challenges and conditions, requiring the State to adapt, change and adjust in the management activities 4.3.2 Main solutions 4.3.2.1 Planning on the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta is needed to be developed into a separate plan, which must be an important content in the regional planning It is also required to supplement the gaps in the planning of contents for the change of economic structure in the sector The planning of contents for the change of economic structure in the sector has put forth the target for the change of GRDP structure The goals of the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region set out in the plan should be studied on the basis of official GRDP statistics from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam calculating for the localities instead of decentralizing to be performed by the local Statistical Office as present On the other hand, the GRDP indicator - itself does not reflect adequately on the process of the change of economic structure Therefore, in order for this process to come into effect, it is necessary to have other combined criteria such as changes in the proportion of labor force in the sector, the proportion of added value in the total value of production and efficiency of using investment capital, the proportion of high-tech products in the economic structure of sectors Concretize the project spirit of the Planning Law, the change of economic structure in the sector into a content and only in the regional socio-economic planning Besides, it is also needed to eliminate the specific planning of sectors or products The planning of the Red River Delta region, especially the change of economic structure in the sector is needed to pay attention to the harmonious balance between the two sub-regions of north and south of the Red River Delta Region The planning should be supplemented the programs and projects related to science and technology and labor quality, especially the application of high technology in the sector and improve the quality of labors in order to meet technical and professional requirements In order to ensure the feasibility, the change of economic structure in the sector must be built on the basis of balance with other contents of regional planning The contents of the change of economic structure in the sector in regional planning, which is necessary to assess the current status of resources, quantify by specific criteria, such as labor force, trained labor force, and capital capable of mobilization, the rate of science and technology is applied to each field of production, the structure of infrastructure from which to compares quo with the level of meeting the objectives 4.3.2.2 Laws and policies on the change of economic structure in the sector in Red River Delta region a For the investment, meet the requirements of the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region Adjust some articles in the legal documents promulgated before the effective date of the Law on Enterprises 2014 and the Law on Investment 2014, so as to ensure the consistency and synchronization with the reforms of this law The State management should give appropriate priority to experimentally apply investment in the form of public-private partnership before choosing other forms of investment In order to that, it is necessary to transfer the regulations related to PPP into the law, so as to promptly review and adjust conflicts with specialized laws Early promulgate the Law on Special Administrative-Economic Units to attract investment to develop the economic sectors The Draft Law should include regulations to expand investment incentives according to the special administrative and economic units Since then, the formation of diverse economic structure in the sector has advantages and timely captures domestic and foreign investment needs Investment policies on the change of economic structure in the sector which are important to be completed in the direction of: - Balancing investment capital sources, keeping a stable source of investment capital for industry, services and infrastructure, and having policies to encourage investment in agricultural development, especially the hi-tech agriculture - Having the balanced policies among localities to attract investment capital, creating conditions to attract harmonious capital attraction among localities in the region, as well as promoting regional linkages - Selecting and adding more sectors to the list of sectors encouraged for the investment incentives In the developing policies of priority sectors that are zonal planning Definitely, the high-tech and service sectors have gaps in the investment attraction Therefore, in the future, the policies to encourage investment in the region, especially the policies to attract foreign investment, should focus on these sectors b For the labors meeting the requirements of the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region The law lacks regulations on the job equality, safe jobs, full-time employment regulations, labor market concepts and definitions that are not well defined Therefore, Labor and employment laws need more specific provisions to ease the organization and implementation of policies The change of labor structure of the above region focuses on two core contents: The first is to develop industry - construction and services to create the labor demand, for example, create jobs; the second is to improve the quality of labor, create a supply of labor, which have enough qualifications to meet the requirements set by the labor markets The policies for the change of regional labor structure are required to: - Build a flexible labor market, in which supply and demand of labor are exchanged Establish an information system, conduct a labor market survey, and combine the forecasting and aggregating work for the labor use demands by the sectors, levels and geographical areas to serve as a database on the labor markets, enabling the supply and demand of labor to intersect - For the labor demand, it is necessary to enhance the economic development, in order to create new jobs, improve employment quality, as well as focus on the industry, services, investment approval, which must fully calculate the labor demand (quantity, quality, structure and so on) Its purpose is to ensure the ability to meet the local human resource, continue to maintain traditional markets with the demand for high-quality, high-income technical employees and limitation of the risky markets - For the supply of labor, the region needs to consider labor quality as a key issue in the policies for the change of labor structure When the process for the change of labor structure in the sector is taken place, which will create jobs in non-agricultural sectors This inevitably requires the workers to have enough qualifications and capacity to meet the work requirements Therefore, the regional planning sets up the targets on the quality improvement of human resources, not only to set the targets of trained labors rate as present, but also need to supplement the targets on the labors rate that have been trained and have jobs and income from the right training sectors - The policies for the change of labor structure are needed to pay special attention to job creation in the rural areas Implement the vocational training and apprenticeship to be effective, in the course of implementing vocational training projects, it is necessary to have specific statistics not only on the number of laborers who have completed vocational training programs and granted certificates but also in the number of workers getting a new job or working more effectively from the learned jobs - In the context, the fourth industrial revolution brought about the strong development of new technologies Accordingly, the production methods of some sectors with the advantage of cheap labors and unskilled labors will quickly be greatly affected With the characteristics as the high quality human resource training center of the country with 104/311 colleges and universities, the Red River Delta should aim to train high quality in the network of universities, colleges and research institutes and consider this as the main direction to promote the investment focused on each discipline is the strength, meet the human resource requirements of sectors with high intellectual contents, towards the international standards - The change of labor structure has a strong impact on vulnerable people who are slow to react to change In order to restructure labor structure not economically efficient but also to take into account the balance with social efficiency, the region, which is required to gradually implement social welfare policies for the employees: Increase the participants of unemployment insurance, social insurance, as well as develop policies to support lowincome employees to participate in the social insurance c For science and technology meeting the requirements of the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region First of all, the law on science and technology, including regulations directly related to the science and technology in economic sectors, which should be completed in the direction of organizing, arranging and reviewing the rank, legal effect and contents At the same time, with the specific characteristics of adjusting the science and technology field - one of the fields with rapid changes, required that legal regulations of science and technology should promptly supplement the regulations to adjust newly arising fields Complete the legal corridor for the science and technology enterprises' activities in the direction of: Simplifying conditions to be certified as the science and technology enterprises; Expanding the fields of certification of science and technology enterprises; Expanding conditions for enjoying enterprise income tax incentives for the science and technology enterprises Solutions to invest in the science and technology along the value chain of the region to optimize the production process On the side of State management agencies in respect of applications of science and technology for the change of economic structure in the sector, which is necessary to unify the investment management agency for science and technology on one focal point, avoid many focal points and overlap as currently For capital, among the three sources of science and technology investment capital to serve the change of economic structure, the priority should be given to the science and technology investment capital from the non-state sectors Introduce the science and technology deeply into the economic sectors In each industry, the small sectors are identified as a key in accordance with the local conditions and the ability of high-tech application Science and technology policies pay special attention to the application of research results, focus on combination of research and application, change the thinking about acceptance as the final step of the research results by thinking into consider the application as the final result of this process 4.3.2.3 Renewal of the state management apparatus for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region - Renew the organization of the state management apparatus for the change of regional economic structure in the sector based on the continuation of thinking innovation, in which clearly define the role of the State and the market in the direction of minimizing barriers, creating the change incentives, allocating and using the production factors - The establishment of specialized divisions does not have a unified standard Therefore, in terms of organizational structure, it is necessary to specify clearly according to the absolute value, in the economic structure, how the agriculture, industry - construction and services must achieve the value, it will be established as the separate specialized divisions In addition, specify the specific criteria for establishing specialized divisions, which is also needed to specify the number of personnel in each division as well as the structure of leadership titles in each division, avoiding the situation in many specialized divisions of the Department in the Red River Delta localities and popularize the situation of "almost as a whole division as the leader" - Although there are many mixed opinions, the common spirit of the Departments unification is to streamline the organization, which has a lot of sympathy and support In the respect of the state management apparatus for the change of economic structure in the sector, the new point of organization is the proposal to unify Department of Planning and Investment with Department of Finance into Department of Planning and Finance This unification from the author ' s point of view is reasonable and necessary, because the Department of Planning and Investment and the Department of Finance have a close relationship with each other, especially in the field of financial management and balance arrangement for financial and budgetary resources for local socio-economic development, including the change of economic structure in the sector After all, the plan, investment in general and the plan of the change of economic structure in the sector in particular cannot anything without the financial resources Therefore, the overlap in the performance of functions and duties of these two Departments is unavoidable Therefore, it is necessary to early complete the unification of the Department with similar functions in order to streamline the apparatus, reduce focal points, minimize tasks' interference This innovation will facilitate the consultation of the Provincial People's Committee on the State management in the fields of planning, investment, finance, and some related fields more effectively - Although it is necessary, the problem that arises is that in the relationship with the central specialized agency, the Department of Planning and Finance belongs to the two subjective ministries, Ministry of Planning and Investment and Ministry of Finance With the general spirit of "it is not necessary that any central or ministerial-level agency has a corresponding organization in the provincial level" [Clause 2, Article 2, the 5th Draft Decree, p 2], so the draft is only carried out to unify at the local level Therefore, in this case, it is required to specify in detail which functions and tasks of the Department are under the authority of the Ministry of Planning and Investment, which functions and duties are under the authority of the Ministry of Finance Besides, Clause - Article 12 of the draft Decree also stipulates: For Departments that are under the management and guidance on the professional qualification from 02 or more ministries, the ministries are responsible for unifying on the assignment for one Ministry that issue documents guiding the contents of: Department's management leadership standards, titles, functions, tasks and organizational structure This could make it difficult for the ministries to reach agreement on which ministries to carry out this task Therefore, the draft decree should clearly and specifically stipulate the mechanism of the ministries discussing, making the drafts, evaluating and reaching agreement, decision, instead of assigning it entirely to one ministry Still in the spirit of the apparatus simplification, the Ministry of Home Affairs will adjust the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Department of Planning and Finance Accordingly, the organizational structure of the new department includes: Office, Inspectorate and no more than 10 specialized and professional Divisions Some divisions of the two departments are merged into one, but the sector economic division still needs to keep its position in the organizational structure This helps the State management of the sector economy and the change correlation between sectors is still carried out consistently - Develop a linkage mechanism between localities of the Red River Delta in the State management for the change of economic structure in particular and socio-economic development in general This linkage mechanism is implemented through specific agency This agency is not a regional agency as an administrative level, but it performs the professional function of consulting the forms, measures and advising on regional linkages in the formulation and implementation of the planning, plans and projects of the competent state management agencies 4.3.2.4 Renovate the works of inspection, examination and supervision on the activities of state management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta region - First of all, with the State authorities, renovate the supervision activities in the spirit of the Law on Supervisory Activities of the National Assembly and People's Councils, taking effect from 2016 In particular, ensure unity and learn in identifying the objects, scope, forms, authority and order of each supervising subject In the condition that the National Assembly and People's Councils not operate regularly, it is needed to have regular cooperation between Committees, Councils of the National Assembly with Ministries, Committees of People's Councils and Departments in providing explanations on the policies for the implementation of socio-economic tasks and objectives as set out, including the change of economic structure - In the form of inspection, it is necessary to innovate in the direction of standardizing the inspection process In order to have a specialized inspection center focusing on the contents of the change of economic structure in the sector and responsibilities of related parties in the performance of tasks, a specialized inspection should be established and its contents such as: Efficiency of capital use; Efficiency of labor use; Efficiency of science and technology use; etc In limited conditions, if all these contents have not been implemented, it is possible to select each item by year and perform an inspection task every year - Renovate state management control of the change of regional economic structure in the sector on the basis of evaluation by criteria and quantification into specific targets Avoid the situation of the test results as a general, formal report, without seeing the results and limitations of the performance of the state management functions 4.4 Conditions for the solutions performance In order to synchronously implement the solutions, a number of conditions are needed to implement, such as: consent in the awareness of local authorities on the role of regional linkages; Infrastructure conditions; Conditions for state management of product quality; Information conditions 4.5 Recommendations 4.5.1 For the central level (i) Government - In the spirit of Resolution of the fifth plenum of Central Conference, the 12th party Central Committee in 2017, the Government quickly implemented to complete the institution on the effective mobilization, allocation, and use of resources and institutions to continue promoting the role of the private economy operating in the sector, creating conditions for this force to become an important driving force for economic development, including the change of economic structure - Develop a program for the re-change of economic structure in the Red River Delta until 2020 and a vision to 2030, review the planning of the Red River Delta region until 2030 - The Government uniformly manages and directs the Ministry of Planning and Investment to chair the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector, as well as chair and implement the socio-economic development planning of the Red River Delta region, including the contents of the change of economic structure in the sector The Government checks the change activities of regional economic structure in the sector through reports of localities in the region, directs the Ministry of Planning and Investment to prepare reports on the results of regional socio-economic development implementation, including the contents of the change of economic structure in the sector, in the context, the regional linkage agency is not formed - Assess the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector of Red River Delta must be based on criteria, avoided the general and subjective assessments These criteria must be quantified into specific targets Through different stages and timelines are to study to understand the changes in the State management practices in for this problem in Red River Delta region on an objective and scientific basis (ii) Ministry of Planning and Investment - The Ministry presides over a proposal to develop a regional linkage mechanism to reduce the imbalance in economic territorial organization between the North and South sub-regions of the Red River Delta region, and prioritize planning for under developed sub-regions - The Ministry should proactively develop a specific plan to direct professional qualification, systematize the functions and tasks of the Department under the direction and management of the Ministry of Planning and Investment, especially the issues related to the change of economic structure in the sector - Quickly implement the GRDP assessments and concentrate a focal point to get accurate data on local and regional GRDP as well as countrywide This result is important and it is also the basis for analyzing the current situation analysis and setting future economic objectives The Ministry should direct the implementation and monitoring of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam in performing the calculation and announcement tasks of the GRDP for the localities, directing the Statistical Office of the province and city to coordinate and collect input information in the locality and then report to the General Statistics Office of Vietnam to conduct a general review - Build a special economic zone to be key for the change of regional economic structure, make proposals to the Government of specific mechanisms to build three special administrative - economic units, in which, there is the Red River Delta region with Van Don (Quang Ninh) Specific policies for special economic zones aims to minimize all barriers, preferential tariffs, and free transfer of goods; to simplify administrative procedures, customs procedures, financial incentives, and investors attraction - The Ministry of Planning and Investment shall coordinate with the concerned ministries and ministerial-level agencies to perform the functions of State management in specific branches and fields in line with the change of regional economic structure in the sector generally Ministries and ministerial-level agencies perform the function of preparation, adjustment and submit for approval on their sector planning and management fields, which must comply with the tasks and contents of the change of regional economic structure in the regional planning 4.5.2 For the localities - Proactively identify comparative advantages to build the key sectors as a guide in the local movement - Strengthen links with other localities in the region through economic corridors CONCLUSION The economic structure of economic sector reflects the level of socio-economic development of the country and the territory The economic structure should ensure balance, in accordance with the natural characteristics, resources and development ability of each territory at different times Therefore, how to choose technical expertise for each region, for each development stage, which is always a topical issue In fact, with the specific characteristics of the process of the change of economic structure in the region - where there is no independent administrative level, the State management for the change also has its own characteristics Actually, the State management has not emphasized the role of the change of economic structure, the contents of State management have not fully covered the nature of the change of economic structure Therefore, although the region has conditions and resources to implement the change of economic structure, this process takes place slowly, inefficiently, not yet exploiting the potential and strengths of the region To overcome these limitations, the management subjects need to synchronously implement solutions on the operational aspects and contents of State management The innovation of the State management for the change of economic structure in the sector in the Red River Delta starts from the innovation in management thinking, considering regional linkages to become a direction for development in the context of market economy and innovation of the growth model The change of economic structure and role of the State management in this process are required to the necessity Actually, the Red River Delta will bring profound and valuable lessons to serve the study of State management for the change of economic structure in the sector in other regions of the whole country ... 2020, attached Decision No 795 /QD-TTg of the Prime Minister dated May 23, 2013 and the Industrial Development Planning in the Red River Delta Region until 2025, with a vision to 2035 attached... agriculture - Having the balanced policies among localities to attract investment capital, creating conditions to attract harmonious capital attraction among localities in the region, as well as promoting... sectors have gaps in the investment attraction Therefore, in the future, the policies to encourage investment in the region, especially the policies to attract foreign investment, should focus