·AM' "eHI~~ CuU LICN sU' HAl PHO.Ui 'Nghi~naiu S62-1985 _56 D!e, BitT ~t NltM LAN THU 30 GAY GIAI PHONGBAI PBO~G (1S.5.1955 - 13.5-1985) • HHA XUAT IAN HAl PHONG I - I MVC Ll}C t rang chuyen Due Hi) noi v"j da i bi~u nhan da n tha nh Ifai Ph o n g (ngfty 2-6-1(J55) ,2 \ )' Hghil st"r ciia nguy lich 3U n ii m phan I1iii Ph6~g giil.i ph6ng ngtiy dOc l~p R,r diiu giallh ugtroi tran h giii' Cuf:Jc d"u 300 13-5-l(Jj5 giir may CllU cong t u h pM '1 uh phuc nhan lIiti Phling IHli Ph6ng cua nhan da n thai :ian J!J 'uc ma n h t~ng - 0u8 trlnh ho p cuu htn h t n h 'a C'lt Ilgtinh p hat ou tri~n 1~)(; \,llng dilt Hili Ph o n g Di,ng chi Luo ng Kha n h Th ieu liall'huIIg - Qu« khL'r -1!i('! t: ~lfL'l'ng II!i Phong «Thanh plio J oa phlfgllg ,IIU cau 27 34 tat - tu o ru] tat tho \':} mot del) - hii Iia t b8.i t h o (li va o Iich st"r 3li 3S tiitu : Trang ']'ill! ll, m()t 21 [(ell I - Khu di eJliklJ[l(') c 40 h/(;u: HM mroc Vgunh 12 t nujen ngile Nghc d6ng lhollY: meri va slra c h ira tau v~~ tai st'lng bi~n Fin hi".1 t d!)ng Stl hp(' 43 4G • 47 QuA TRtNH HtNH THANH vA PH AT TRItN VONG DAT HAl PHONG' (fRAN I-IAI PHONG IA mi)t v()ng ven bien nPlm h~ Itru M th'6ng song Thai Btn h va If! phan t:}oncling ph ia d~ng Me cua dong bang BAc Bi) Vt'1i vi tr i dl1-c bi¢1 clia rninb , manh dlit dil t!'rng chrrng kicn biH baa nbirng bi~n dai sau sltc v~ hoan cailh tll nhien va xii hi)i VllJl.g d:H-h,lc dia Hai PMng (111c6 ffr thai , dja chat xa xua, Thai gian so rn nhffl du oc bUH Hi'ti Ph6ng tir n g Ia l uc dia vao khoang 350-4no lri¢u narn tr uoc day K~ tli d6 vung ddl dll tdii qua nh ieu thang tram, c6 l uc It mOt kbollllg tr ei biell s6ng rnroc m~Dh en I - THcn DUC TH~ 'H - NGUY~N nt 'H CTJ 11'0ng c6 I uc 13.mOL mien 'nui non baa la hllug vi Dau v~t cua nhiing bien dl)ng vi d~i [y du oc ghi I' i n h~ tang n tai mOt bi~o Day va v] trl ban dau cua chung nAm ngang 060g d~n, vinh Vjnh c6 th~ ll{n sAu V30 vai muc bi~n c~ Sau nay, bi~n rut xuong d~n Hai Duong va phan phia tily nam ciia Hai cac hang d¢ng (y tra tha nh nai CI1 tru cua Ph6ng hi~n cOng thuoc van p ham vi cua nhfrng ngtroi ,ti~D au nhu a Ang Giira (cat Ba) v [n h Phiin d6ng Me Hai PMDg k~ hi dii KieD An-Da San IiI che dO h;18 dja a a Sang tho-i lian C.Dh tAD gift va nira dllu CaDh tin mu~ Hai Phong va toa n bO dang blng Bta B, tra n ~Htn vao Iy.c diu eung voi nbung bien d¢ng kieo tao va hon n caoh dju Ij kbu "lIC tao nsn hinh th~ cua cb vur g ve n bi~n hi~n '( Trong thai ky Toall LAn, qut trinh pMt trib CUD vling dilt Hili Phong duqe chia sAu giai dean nhu sau: Giai d01;\11 Iuc d~a Toan tan se-m sau banR bit bat dll.u tll d¢ sau dual 100 met b cira ViRh Bac BI) cuolCanh tan, ti~p tuc sang Toa n t6c dO trung bi nh kha 16n 9mml Iuc bi~n tj~n, cac h~ thlSng song f)6ng Bac, song Hong, TMi Bin h, SOJlg Ma h¢i luu vo i nha s than h met dong sOng ,Ilinh cua vjnh Bac B¢ Bi~n tj~n da nban chim khoag vui la:p, , x6a nh oa hoa n tOt\1l c6.o thung lung ell:! h¢ th6ng song eo Ci.e tltung lung sOng p n nhanh d:,.ng a nh cA.y vA h ien tra thsnh nhfrllg ken d~n nUioc bi~n Dong \'10 vi n h Bae BO (1) Do bi~n tien mil rnuc nuoc n gam Irong ",ung itat Hai Phong cung dllng cao dan, gily ilDg Dg~p mOt so ch6 d:lI tding va t~o nen cac h?}, d!m lli.y Di tlch cua E:ac M, dam Hly e3 nAy CIA dugc phat bi¢n b khu v\rc xii Tr'rane Son (Kien An) vi khu vve Hi'} Sen (nM thanb) Do a nhii'ng lap « than Mn du'ai ~ dAy vai ba mct den gan hai chlJ,c met vl nam sAu du6-i m:~t dilt hi~n vii ba Bi~n tien hoaDS tr~n ding dan hi' tan som v6i lim Tru oe co tu chu met ' Nhu v~y y!\o cuoi ToAn tan sci-m, bi~n dl dAng «mil.p me» dia pMu Hai PIl~Jlg hi~n O;\y Cto khu vvc Tien L~ng Vinh Bao !uc 5.y c6 b~ m~t dia hinh thap hon nen c6 Ie dli bi hien lfin V3.0'it nbieu Tu dai I(ien An - Do San tr6 phfa ~ong Me (k~ ell €tulin dao CAt B~J gi.p voi vung nui Quang Ninh vAn eOD Iii ch~ dQ llJ,c dia, rai rAc ~6 Ilhfrng vung "1m lAy bl!-t ngaD lau s~y "e 28 TOAN long dlt TAN 2, Giai doan Tolln tan gifra Bubc sang tho i ky Toan IAn gnra (6 din l nghtn B~m tr uoc) bi~n lien Iran ng~p vUng rat Hai PhOng hien Bien ti1!n ay d~t den d¢ cao cue cl~i met (so vo i rmrc trfeu cao hi~n Day) VRO 4500 nlim tru6c dily Dau v~t oua mvc bi~n c~ eon dtro c ghi la.i du6i dang eac ng(n mai mon kieu him ech, !ie, v~l barn cua bAu ha, cac hang ng e6 Ill) ca o 3-4 IlIct tai ca o n ul da v6i b Cat B~, TrAng K811h vl cap them bi~n (cac bai bi~n c~) b U6ng Bi, Hoa nh Bo, Yen Hung (Quang Ninh), phia bac vt\ dong Me Hal Phon,g V6i m\!,o mroc bi~n dAng ea o n hir yO-y, tru c~c dao dft ,,6i Ca t Ba , dlly CIao Do Scn+-Kien An, va dAy 4ao Nui Deo, Trang Kenh, to1n bl) v ung H:H Phong tra thana nai tich tu cae trAm tich bi~n Cac tram t ich ay sau nly Ira tha n h nha u 16 co ban d~biDh IUnhdong blng Truce kli bj~n tien, ToAn tan gifta trA!>' do, vung Hii Ph eng (U ee nglIai tien st a Khi blan tien, I\IC d ia bi thu hep, ho b] dfm VRO cae dao v a yung rung nui pb in hac Nhfrng chu uhan xa lura nlsi1l cua Hai Phong rna chu ng ta d!i biel diroc :pMt hi~1l ApI Giiia va Clli Beo (lap duot), (J lop dv6i n gi pai hl~n (1, hfrnq Ht qua nghl~n csru mai ta i li~u 41 cHt ·ya khao c() ve vG.n b6a H nhat cia cAn be) Yi~n ng i~D ciru bl~n Long Ha Vil.n Phung (4) coi van b6a H, Lo Hai Ph6ng (-) thay vao dil Toa n tAn muOn 1& Sll chuy n tilp tt'r h"u ky eta e sang Phuo {4 den nghln niL Iru6-C> bi~n rut khat vtl~g N uyen nhung ll)i quan ni~m bi~n ti~n Toan Hi Philllg va ba thap it Ilh§t 11 met so vai ta n giila ((j den ·1 nghtn nam Irl10c) day I i mila mroc bien hi~n Ray Cac tram tlch bi~ ua giai oa n Toan tan gifra dtroc 10 tn~n chu nha ri vila h6a khoi ca o cUo a vung bien Hai Ph6ng - Quan~ Ninh Phl bE! m~1 Dong bang (, vung IUI PhOn, chtnh tleh c() dja It cho tnay van hoa H Long chI thtre duoc hll1h tbhh va ma pllia bl~n 06 th~ tOn t~t C\U thjnh giai dO~l1I I :) rOng bon hi~n Lue :1y dao Cat Ba tra dia dllu Toan tan muOn (4 d~n nghtn nlm {Mnh m¢t bo ph~n h,IC dja ciia IUi Ph6ng tr1l6o) rna b Hai Ph6ng va Quhg Ninh DAy 1;\ mOt c!~ng Mng bien vi eac trlm tieh h,c dja !J rlt rOng 'fIn h6a H~ Long kMng phu IAn bC m~H cua no c6 ngu/)n g60 bi~n th~ tou tti tron" giai dO~lD Toa n Lan 8ift Bft •• nay, be mlj.t Clua /I/)ng Mil, •.t dllqc vi ngu&i l ue (y ehlng th~ 's6n, e6n 10 Ir411 h!u hlt dl¢n tlch tinh Hili dOng duc Iau dai nhfrn'g dieu ki~D 4ft Hila, II d¢ ca tuy~t Iren mlj.t kco than h mOt dai Vao c!en nghln nlm tntac Hai Phong kbong li~? t uc tu pbia nam huy~n Ninh Giug Ia mOt ph an Clua trung tam VaD h6a H~ LOD, (Kid Hung) sang phArr dOng aam Thanh Hl Theo II Van Ph6ng tS) ta trung Urn D1 (Thanh Haag Hiep D~c) tAy hac TiAn Ling vln h6a H • Long Ian tra n va anb hulmg f6-i Kien An (Tnfang ThQ Quang trung du BaC! B¢ (di chi Ma Dong, Vinh Ph t't) , Tr u ng), tay bf.c An Hiii (U Thi¢ll An Hoa Thanh H6a (di hi Hoa LOc) Blnh Tr] Tbih An Hong) tAy bae Thuy Hguyt!n (My D~ng /di chi Bau Tr6) th!).m chi t&i t~n Long All Kcnb Giang Luu i.iem) Be at' eua dllag (di cai Ca i V,n) f)ieu co the hQ'p Iy nlu bing bi~1J nAy 10 tha nh nhfrng dai hep thua n&~n bien ti~n giai doa n liep sau (3 den vien quaah n ui Do SOil IItli Def; v mOt 86 2.5 nghin nam Iru6c) Iii ngnyen nU.n gay 1201 khac thuec hlly~n Thuy "guyen ri khu nhfrng d'lt thien di Olia cac chii nhan van h6101 Yl.fC IlOi tha nh va cac not Ian e:)n b~ mi;it 4chg H~ Long bing Day chtm sau khoang 10 - 2ft met duoi lilt! Ph6ng e6 Iii chi Tran~ Kenh (1., m~t t va hi pha a cAt ro~nh me sut d ir o i) v(]j tuoi tuyet d6i 3405 100 nam Hinll vODig va baG m6n khang eu b cae gj~i den 1950) ,6 Irlnh dO kinh tr! k cao (trang oa n 81.U trot cha n nuci, danh ea va san ba n) va dvQ'c Khi bi~Q rut tren he m~t hien ~Ac di chi Kbao C() h~ s6 1-198:'\ lin 40lilll mU9D cua sau =: cu + « • muon hon van h6a H~ Long 'fh:).t kh6 hi~u It trona cung mot giai doa n dia Iy va tren cuug mot vu ng dilt kho ng 16n I~i cung t~n lQ.i hai nh6m cir da n co ma mfii quan M v6i Ia i chrra rang Du sao, ch ung ta cO lh~ thu a nha n r~ng vao t den nghin Dam truoc day IUi Pho ng dll tung la - mOL vun~ «tong b~ng co nhieu di~u kien thus n lo i d~ hlnh tha nh nen nhir ng khu dan CIl dong duc vA chac M.n dit nhi~u di tich cua ho bj ele tram tich cua cat· giai dean sau vui J:1p Ian tre n co Giai do~n • mui}n bien tien vilo gifra ToAn tAn I Vao giu:.l Toan tan mu¢n (3 "en 2.5 - 2.3 nghin narn truoc dl1y) bi~n IQ.i W!n vao vung Hai Ph6ng Bi~n ay dat t6i d¢ eao cue dq.i met vao kh oji ng 2500 - 231)0nam tru oc day Theo nnrc cue dQ.i met, trir vung Vinh Bjio, bi~n chua viro t qna Hili Phong, K~ tft dai tay bac Tien Lilng tay Mc Kien An, lAy b~c An Hai va, tay hils Thuy Nguyen lra ve phia Hai Hung 13 dong b3 ng thap yen bien {}Q.ibl) phsn vitng Hili Phong 11).i' narn d u6i m uc mro c bien • 1On Luong (Cat Hili) sua n~m giua l8.ng, hi bi~n lh sat glln Glia: tang Gla Loc co mi)t ehieo dlu c~ Mng da voi ghep dt d~p blic ngang mOt eon I,eh cu, nfirn dlo v o tr e n bai trieu ,.l\ ngtp chi hoan toan lri~u dllng cao Diiu rfft