Phát triển chương trình đào tạo liên thông trình độ đại học nhóm ngành công nghệ kỹ thuật cơ khí theo tiếp cận CDIO tt tiếng anh

1 INTRODUCTION Rationale The international and domestic contexts have created great opportunities and posed significant challenges to our country's education Technology develops rapidly; therefore, the knowledge and skills of trained people must be renewed and updated constantly Globalization and the economic development of the country require education to provide society with a high quality workforce in terms of knowledge, skills and good working attitudes towards a democratic, progressive and modern education In order to meet the requirements of social realities, research and development of transfer programs is an urgent task of schools The transfer program will be developed according to a new approach, competency-based approach, which helps learners not only know but also work in a working environment suitable to their field of study The CDIO approach has been a modern trend in the development of university-level training programs in engineering technology in the US and other countries with highly developed technical education, and this approach is in accordance with the requirements of training human resources according to output standards in our country Therefore, it is necessary to study and develop a university training program for the major group of mechanical engineering technology in the CDIO approach to meet social needs, contributing to training high quality human resources, serving the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country For the above reasons, the research topic selected in the framework of the doctoral dissertation majoring in Theories and Educational History is "Develop a CDIO-based university transfer program for the major group of mechanical engineering technology” 2 Aims of the research Study the theoretical and practical basis for developing the university transfer programs in CDIO approach and on that basis propose measures to develop the university transfer program for the major group of mechanical engineering technology according to CDIO approach Objects and subjects of the study Objects of the study: College/University level training program of mechanical engineering technology in the national education system Subjects of the study: Measures to develop college-touniversity transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology under CDIO approach Scientific hypothesis Transfer training at university level has had initial results but still faces many difficulties, limitations and shortcomings The university transfer programs in Vietnam has not really been formulated according to a scientific and rational process to meet the requirements of production practices and social needs If the development university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology under CDIO approach is scientific, reasonable and practical, it will help universities and colleges train students with high skills in design, operation and creativity This will contribute to ensuring and gradually improving the quality of transfer training at university-level, responding to very rapid changes in the progress of science and technology and demand of highly qualified technical human resources for the cause of industrialization and modernization and international integration of the country Research tasks and contents 5.1 Research theoretical basis for developing university-level training programs; CDIO approach to developing university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology 5.2 Investigate and evaluate the status of university transfer programs for the major of mechanical engineering tecahnology at universities and colleges 5.3 Study and propose measures to develop university transfer programs for the major of mechanical engineering technology according to CDIO approach 5.4 Experiment was consulted with experts on the proposed measures Develop a draft structure of the university transfer programs for the major of mechanical engineering technology according to CDIO approach between Ly Tu Trong College of Ho Chi Minh City and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology Scope of the study The thesis focuses on researching and developing a university transfer program for the major of Machinery Manufacturing Technology in the major group of mechanical engineering technologies according to CDIO approach Scope of the survey: some universities and colleges in Ho Chi Minh City Time of the survey: academic years 2016 - 2018 Methodology and research methods 7.1 Methodology and approach The thesis is based on historical and dialectical materialist views with the following major approaches: systematic approach; CDIO approach; practical approach; developmental approach; transfer approach 7.2 Research Methods 7.2.1 Theoretical research methods Analyze, compare, synthesize, systematize and generalize scientific monographs, research works, domestic and international theoretical materials 7.2.2 Practical research methods - Practical research methods; - Methods of studying activity products; - Investigation methods; - Interview methods; - Expert methods; - Methods of summarizing experience 7.2.3 Supplementary methods Mathematical statistics methods used tools and softwares for statistics, data processing and calculations, etc in assessing the current status of university transfer programs for the machinery manufacturing technology major of universities in Ho Chi Minh City Research questions Are there difficulties and limitations in the training program at university level in general and university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology in particular? What are the characteristics of the CDIO approach in developing training programs for the majors of engineering technologies? Is this approach consistent with the characteristics and requirements of developing university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology? What measures should be taken to develop university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach scientifically, practically and feasibly? New contributions of the research 9.1 Theoretical contributions The thesis has: - systematized the theoretical basis for developing university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology in CDIO approach - studied the general processes and methods to develop university transfer programs in CDIO approach 9.2 Practical contributions The thesis has: - proposed specific principles, standards, procedures and measures to develop university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach - designed the framework of the university transfer program for the major of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach for Ly Tu Trong College of Ho Chi Minh City and Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology These measures and university transfer program framework can be considered as a model to build the framework for university transfer programs of other disciplines in the major group of mechanical engineering technology in CDIO approach 10 The defense points The CDIO approach to developing training programs in general and transfer programs in particular is a modern curriculum development approach and suitable to the major group of mechanical engineering technology Applying CDIO approach to the development cycle of the training program in developing university transfer programs will contribute to improving the quality of training in accordance with social needs and adapting with the modern environment The principles, standards and procedures of developing the framework, curriculum and the essential contents of the university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology following CDIO approach which are proposed in the thesis serves as a scientific basis to build university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technologies in general and the major of machinery manufacturing technology in particular according to CDIO approach Survey and assess the status of university transfer programs of the machinery manufacturing technology major on the basis of principles, standards and processes for developing university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach The measures proposed in the thesis to develop university transfer programs for the major group of machinery manufacturing technology in the mechanical engineering technology group under CDIO approach are highy relevant and feasible 11 Structure of the thesis The thesis includes the following sections: Introduction, Contents, Conclusions, Recommendations, References and Appendix The thesis content consists of chapters: - Chapter 1: Theoretical basis for developing university transfer programs for the major group of mechanical engineering technology under CDIO approach - Chapter 2: Current situation of developing university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology under CDIO approach - Chapter 3: Measures to develop university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITY TRANSFER PROGRAM FOR THE MAJOR GROUP OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY IN CDIO APPROACH 1.1 Overview of research on transfer training and curriculum development 1.1.1 Foreign research works The foreign research works on transfer training and curriculum development have been done early by authors from many developed countries, tested in practice and achieved good results 1.1.2 Domestic research works Many domestic research works on transfer training and curriculum development have been studied with great interest by the authors, but few have mentioned the development of transfer programs; the development of transfer programs following CDIO approach have not been studied in depth 1.2 Some basic concepts 1.2.1 Training and training process The training process is the process of organizing and implementing the training tasks and contents with appropriate methods, means, forms, resources and assessments to achieve the training objectives 1.2.2 Transfer Transfer is the transition of two or more educational institutions in a training community to help students move easily from one level to another without having to repeat or lose credits 1.2.3 Transfer training Transfer training is a training process that recognizes and converts academic results from one level to another or several other levels in the training system to save time and training costs 1.2.4 University training program The university training program represents the goals of university education and the regulations on the standards of knowledge, skills, scope and structure of education and training contents, training methods and forms, ways of evaluating training results for each subject, major and training level 1.2.5 University transfer program The university transfer program is a type of transfer training program with objectives, structure, contents and output standards at university level 1.2.6 Developing university transfer program The development of university transfer programs must be based on college training programs and university training programs to develop a transfer program from college level to university level, inheriting the knowledge and skills learned from college training programs 1.2.7 Develop training programs according to CDIO approach The development of training programs under the CDIO approach bases on output standards: Graduate students need to have the required knowledge, skills, qualities, attitudes and on that basis students form the ability to meet the requirements or expectations of stakeholders 1.3 The theoretical basis for developing curricuum according to CDIO approach 1.3.1 Curriculum development cycle Curriculum development is the process of identifying and organizing all the activities of designing, implementing and evaluating the training program in a logical and scientific cycle to confirm the achievement of the desired goals 1.3.2 Characteristics of CDIO approach in curriculum development Conceive: determine the initial requirements; choose the technologies, strategies and rules; establish preliminary plans, technical plans and other related plans Design: Focus on forming designs, including plans, drawings and algorithms describing the product, and the procedure for implementation Implement: This is the stage of converting designs into products, including the manufacture of hardware equipment, software programming, inspection and approval Operate: Use the implemented products, processes or systems to bring about the intended values, including maintenance, development, reuse and elimination of the systems 1.3.3 Develop a training program for the major group of mechanical engineering technology under CDIO approach Figure 1.1 Model for developing training programs under CDIO approach 1.3.4 Principles for developing training programs according to CDIO approach The training program is designed with mutually supportive subjects, with a clear plan to combine teaching knowledge and training skills and attitudes for students 10 The output standards of the training program are systematically conveyed into the output standards in each subject and each learning activity to ensure that the graduate students achieve the output standards of the whole training program 1.3.5 The procedure of developing curriculum according to CDIO approach Figure 1.2 The procedure of developing curriculum in CDIO approach 1.4 The procedure of developing a university transfer program for the major of mechanical engineering technology according to CDIO approach Step 1: Convert current university and college level training programs into corresponding training programs under CDIO approach 14 On the basis of analyzing the evaluation chart, the universitylevel training programs in machinery manufacturing technology of Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology is appreciated the most highly This training program is built according to CDIO approach; therefore, it is selected as a standard training program for developing university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 2.3 The reality of college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology Figure 2.2 Results of assessing the reality of college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology The number of the responses Agree and Disagree concerning college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology of universities in Ho Chi Minh City is the same This means that the current training programs at university level are not highly credited Therefore, it is necessary to develop a transfer 15 program according to CDIO approach to achieve better results 2.4 Assess the status of conditions to ensure the implementation of university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology Figure 2.3 Results of assessing the status of conditions to ensure the implementation of university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology The status of conditions to ensure the implementation of university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology is quite good because of the high rate of Agree and Totally Agree responses 2.5 Assess the status of students' knowledge, skills and attitudes under college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology 16 Figure 2.4 Results of assessing the current status of students' knowledge, skills and attitudes under college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology The current status of students' knowledge, skills and attitudes under college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology of universities in Ho Chi Minh City is evaluated as Medium and Good at a high rate; however, the category of Weak was still chosen, so it is necessary to update the transfer programs for the most appropriate 2.6 Current situation of developing college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology under CDIO approach Current situation of developing college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology: - University transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology were developed on the basis of the university-level curriculum framework and college-level curriculum framework according to the curriculum of the Ministry of Education and Training 17 - Output standards, general objectives and specific objectives have not been identified; stakeholders have not been surveyed to build output standards; “ITU" and "blackbox" have not been implemented to determine the sequence, relationship between subjects in the training program - The amount of knowledge of the college training program and the transfer program does not meet the entire knowledge of the university training program - The performance indicators (PI) of the subjects at university level have not been compared with those at college level, so it is difficult to determine the content and knowledge for supplementary subjects of the transfer program - The development of a detailed program of a subject is still simple, not yet showing the teaching and learning methods, as well as the content and form of examination and assessment of the subject, etc - Expert assessment after the construction and implementation of the training program has not been taken seriously With the above remarks, the knowledge of students who are trained under the college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology cannot reach that of the students under university-level programs Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to develop university transfer programs in a scientific and modern way One feasible solution is to develop college-touniversity transfer programs in the field of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 2.7 Current situation of factors affecting the development of university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach At present, there have been many guidelines and policies to 18 encourage and regulate transfer training between levels of education, the awareness of the managerial staff and lecturers, facilities, teaching equipment, and other factors These are very convenient bases to develop university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach 2.8 Overall assessment of the current status of the transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology - From the training institution’s viewpoints - From the learners’ viewpoints - From the viewpoints of the employers recruiting students trained under transfer programs Conclusion for Chapter Through the analysis and evaluation of university-level training programs in machinery manufacturing technology of universities in Ho Chi Minh City, the results show that the universitylevel training program in machinery manufacturing technology of Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology was highly appreciated and this program was already built according to CDIO approach Therefore, this program can be used to develop a college-touniversity transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach from the program of Ly Tu Trong College of Ho Chi Minh City There are still many shortcomings in developing university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology; the curriculum development does not follow a scientific process, so students graduating from the university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology not meet the desired quality Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to develop university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 19 Chapter MEASURES FOR DEVELOPING UNIVERSITY TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN MACHINERY MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY IN CDIO APPROACH 3.1 Measures to develop college-level training programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach at Ly Tu Trong College of Ho Chi Minh City 3.1.1 Match the current training program with the new output standards The matching results are also the basis for adjusting the order and content of subjects in the training program The matching is conducted by conducting surveys on teachers who teach the subjects in the training program The two surveys which were conducted are "ITU" and "blackbox" 3.1.2 Design the framework of the college training program The training program needs to be redesigned to have a proper structure The training program is structured by the subjects in the group of general knowledge, basic professional knowledge and professional knowledge 3.1.3 Design teaching sequences Reconstruct the knowledge block by semester to integrate skills, create products, processes and systems into subjects throughout the learning process Personal, professional, teamwork and communication skills, CDIO-related skills and designing experiences are mainly integrated into subject projects 3.1.4 Distribution of teaching sequences The framework of the college training program in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach continues to determine the position of the subjects, the previous subject, the following 20 subject, the prerequisite subject, the parallel subject, etc, hence, developing a matrix for distributing subjects in a specific semester 3.1.5 Design the detailed syllabus of the subjects In the course of designing the course syllabus, lecturers can change, reduce, and supplement the content of skills and attitudes allocated to the subject However, these contents must be ensured throughout the training program 3.2 Measures to build the framework of the college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 3.2.1 Compare the general goals and specific objectives of the training programs Compare the general goals and specific objectives of the training programs at college level with those at university level 3.2.2 Compare the output standards and curriculum frameworks at college level with those at university level Compare the output standards and curriculum frameworks at college level with those at university level in the major of machine manufacturing technology, thereby building additional subjects in the university transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 3.2.3 Analyze and compare the knowledge content of the training program in machinery manufacturing technology of University of Technology with that of Ly Tu Trong College of Ho Chi Minh City According to the CDIO approach, after comparing, analyzing and synthesizing the knowledge content of the training programs, it is possible to offer subjects that need to be supplemented to the collegeto-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing 21 technology according to CDIO approach Table 3.1 Subjects in the college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach Number of teaching periods No Subjects Credits 10 Analytics Physics experiment Physics General Chemistry English English Calculation method Probability statistics General informatics Mechanical fluids Thermodynamics and heat transmission Electrical - electronic engineering Automatic control techniques Mechanical drawing Material handling Manufacturing engineering Manufacturing engineering Quality assurance Technical design process Environment and Human Business administration for engineers Manufacturing engineering project 2 3 2 45 30 30 45 45 45 30 30 30 30 0 0 0 0 15 30 0 0 0 15 30 15 15 30 0 30 15 15 3 3 3 45 30 45 45 45 45 45 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 45 0 45 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Theory Practice Experime nt 22 Number of teaching periods No 23 Subjects Graduation Paper TOTAL Credits 64 Theory Practice 765 120 Experime nt 315 390 3.2.4 Distribution of the university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach The distribution of the subjects by semester for the university transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach is shown in Figure 3.1 23 Figure 3.1 Distribution of the university transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 3.3 Measures to assess the college-to-university transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 24 3.3.1 Organize the first expert workshop to assess the framework of the college-to-university transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach The first expert assessment workshop had 26 experts from universities, institutes and enterprises General assessment: Pass: 95%; Fail: 0.3%; No comments: 4.7% Standard 1: General goals and specific objectives For this standard, 94.9% of the votes is Pass; 0.8% is Fail and 4.2% No comments Standard 2: Volume and placement of subjects For this standard, 95.4% of the votes are Pass; 4.6% No comments Standard 3: Layout of the Curriculum Framework For this standard, 94.6% of the votes are Pass; 5.4% No comments 3.3.2 Organize the second expert workshop to assess the college-touniversity transfer program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach The second expert evaluation workshop was organized with 32 experts from universities, institutes and enterprises Standard 1: Objectives and requirements of the training program structure and content In this standard, 97.1% of the experts and scientists rated from Good or above Specifically, the rate of Excellent is quite high (up to 88.6%) Standard 2: Volume, structure and compulsory knowledge content of the subjects It was found that 94.3% of the experts and scientists rated this standard Good or Excellent No criteria were evaluated below the average score In particular, 82.9% of the experts and scientists rated this standard at Excellent level Standard 3: Layout of the program framework documents and their applicability 25 This standard is evaluated quite highly with 85.7% of the experts and scientists selecting Good and Excellent No criteria were evaluated with below-average score Evaluation Results: Excellent: 29/35 82.9% Good: 5/35 14.2% Fair: 1/35 2.9% On level: 0/35 0% Fail: 0/35 0% Figure 3.2 Total evaluation scores on a scale of 10 Evaluation Results: Thus, all the standards and 25 criteria that were surveyed received good evaluation from experts and scientists The evaluation scores ranging for 9.4 to 9.5 showed very high consistency in the evaluation of the experts and scientists in the evaluation board Conclusion for Chapter 26 The sudy has proposed measures to develop college-level training programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach and measures to develop university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach The research results will serve as a basis for universities and colleges to develop training programs and transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology in CDIO approach to train students into comprehensive engineers, who understand, know and employ the learned knowledge to meet the requirements of society and international integration 27 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS Conclusion Transfer training in the education system in general and college-to-university transfer training in particular is, nowadays, considered an important strategy to develop human resources and an urgent need in all countries, especially in developing countries The development of transfer programs in CDIO approach with solutions to improve the quality of training will contribute to improving the quality of training of the university/college, especially improving the qualifications of Vietnamese engineers so that they are well-prepared to work to meet the requirements of domestic and international businesses On the basis of studying and analyzing the theoretical basis of transfer training in the education system, the scientific basis for the development of training programs according to CDIO approach, and the current state of domestic and foreign transfer training, the dissertation has developed measures to develop the college-level training program in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach and the measures to develop college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach These measures will be researched by colleges and universities to develop the most appropriate training programs Recommendations Through the development of a college-to-university transfer programs in machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach, the following recommendations are made: 2.1 For the Government The Government requests the Ministry of Education and Training to coordinate with the Ministry of Labour - Invalids and Social Affairs and related ministries, branches and training 28 institutions to research and develop CDIO-based training programs for major group of engineering technology and policy mechanisms to create favorable conditions for transfer training in the national education system 2.2 For ministries Research, review, build and complete the system of legal documents related to transfer training in the system of Vocational Education and Higher Education Direct the development of CDIObased college-to-university transfer programs Establish transfer training councils by major groups to guide training institutions in the Vocational Education and Higher Education system develop training programs and CDIO-based transfer programs for these major groups 2.3 For training institutions in the Vocational Education and Higher Education systems Develop transfer programs for major groups and create favorable conditions for lifelong learners to create jobs and seek jobs in the market mechanism Develop training programs and transfer programs in CDIO approach to improve the qualifications of Vietnamese engineers so that they are well-prepared to work to meet the requirements of domestic and international businesses Prepare conditions; implement credit-based training; innovate teaching methods, assessment methods and management work in accordance with the credit training system in the competency-based approach Develop the managerial and teaching staff, build facilities, and enhance the competitiveness of the training institutions by ensuring the quality of training and meeting the needs of the labor market ... manufacturing technology in CDIO approach scientifically, practically and feasibly? New contributions of the research 9.1 Theoretical contributions The thesis has: - systematized the theoretical basis... technology under CDIO approach - Chapter 3: Measures to develop university transfer programs for the major of machinery manufacturing technology according to CDIO approach 7 Chapter THEORETICAL BASIS... according to CDIO approach The development of training programs under the CDIO approach bases on output standards: Graduate students need to have the required knowledge, skills, qualities, attitudes