Phát triển xuất khẩu hàng dệt may việt nam khi tham gia hiệp định đối tác xuyên thái bình dương (TPP) tt tiếng anh

1 HEADING Reason for choosing thesis topic The development of textile and garment exports has been a target of Vietnam's export development strategy Textiles isn’t only large export turnover, but also have export markets to many countries in the world However, Vietnam's textile and garment industry still has to produce mainly in export processing (accounting for 70% of turnover) Vietnam has participated in many Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) including the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP) was signed in February 2016 On March 9, the CPTPP (Comprehensive and Progression Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership) was signed to replace the TPP with the 11 member states after the US withdrawal As "comprehensive" and "progressive" demonstrates that CPTPP will be more feasible and comprehensive, CPTPP retains the content of the old TPP but allows some member countries to postpone the obligations Rules of origin in CPTPP is always the biggest challenge for Vietnamese textile and garment industry Rules of origin specified products exported from a member of the CPTPP to other members must have "internal" origin, which products use third country raw materials, in addition to CPTPP members don’t enjoy tax incentives In addition, the shortage of skilled workers, high professional skills, low labor productivity, lack of investment capital and technology, not reply the environmental standards, labor is one of the major challenges for the development of textile and garment exports Study content, criteria and factors are affecting the development of textile and garment export, analysis the current status of Vietnam's textile and garment export, and propose measures to develop Vietnam's textile and garment export Nam is an urgent issue for Vietnam's garment exports when participating in CPTPP Research objectives and tasks Objectives of the study: Proposed solutions for the development of Vietnam's textile and apparel exports when participating in the Comprehensive and Progression Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) from clarifying the scientific basis on theoretical and practical implications for the development of Vietnam's garment exports when participating in CPTPP Research tasks: To clarify the rationale for developing textile and garment export; analyzing and assessing the current status of Vietnam's garment export, assessing the successes, limitations and find out the reasons for developing Vietnam's textile and garment exports; Analyzing the context and prospects for Vietnam's textile and apparel exports, thereby introducing micro and macro orientations and solutions for the development of Vietnam's garment exports when participating in CPTPP Subjects and scope of study Research subjects: The thesis focuses on theoretical and practical development of Vietnam's textile and garment export, thus introducing solutions to develop Vietnam's garment export when participating in CPTPP Research scope Content: Studing the concept and content of textile and garment export development, to set up the system of criteria for appraisal of the development of garment export and analyzing the factors affecting the development of garment and textile export The situation of export of textiles and garments and the situation of factors affecting the development of Vietnam's textile and garment export; Introduce solutions to develop Vietnam's textile and garment exports when participating in CPTPP On space: Research on textile export of Vietnam to other countries About time: Studing the situation in the period 2011-2017, proposing solutions oriented to 2025, vision to 2030 Research Methodology Methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism; Method of collecting secondary data for analysis and evaluation; Survey method: Investigators are textile exporters; Comparative, synthesis and forecasting methods used in the study New contributions of the thesis Firstly, the thesis has systematized the theories of developing a textile and garment export of a country; Analysis of factors affecting the development of the textile and garment export of a country when joining a regional free trade agreement Secondly, Using theoretical framework to analyze the current status of Vietnam's textile and apparel export development, including the development of textile and garment exports to the CPTPP countries and the factors that affect to the export development of Vietnamese garment and textile when participating in CPTPP; Assessing the success, limitations and causes of the development of Vietnam's textile and garment exports Thirdly, Based on the assessment of the current status of Vietnam's textile and garment export, the ability of factors influencing the development of textile and apparel exports when participating in the CPTP, the thesis proposes the views and intentions the development of Vietnam's textile and garment export; At the same time, proposing the macro and micro solutions to develop Vietnam's garment exports when participating in CPTPP Structure of thesis Apart from the prescribed parts, the thesis includes the following main contents: Chapter 1: Theoretical bases for development of textile and garment export Chapter 2: The status of development of Vietnam's Textile and Garment Exports Chapter 3: Solutions for development of Vietnam's garment export when joining the Comprehensive and Progression Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) OVERVIEW OF DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN RESEARCH PROJECTS CONCERNING PROJECT THESIS Overview of the research situation abroad There are many overseas studies on the textile and garment industry in the world, the export of textiles and garments as well as commitments to export goods including textiles and garments when participating Trans Pacific Partnership Agreement, including 07 case studies Research in the country There are a number of national research projects on textiles and garments, textile products for export and the conditions were stipulated in the TPP Agreement on textiles and garments for export, including 18 research works Study space and research direction of thesis In general, the gap that the thesis needs to study is as follows: - Previous studies have studied some theoretical aspects of textile and apparel exports, but the thesis will clarify the framework for the development of the textile and garment exports of a country - Previous studies have studied the situation of Vietnam's garment export in certain angles The thesis will study the development of Vietnamese textile and apparel exports with specific criteria and analysis of factors influencing participation, including new and stronger commitments CPTPP affects the export of textiles (rules of origin, environment, labor, trade union ) - The development trend of textile export with the current evolution of CPTPP and solutions for development of Vietnam's garment export when participating in CPTPP is also studied in detail in the thesis The thesis will study in depth: systematize theories of developing a textile export of a country; Analyze and evaluate the current status of Vietnam's textile and garment export development and the current status of factors affecting the development of textile and apparel exports when participating in CPTP Find out the success, limitations and causes of the development of Vietnam's textile and garment exports; Proposed scientifically based macro and micro solutions to develop Vietnam's garment exports when participating in CPTPP CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL FOUNDATION ON DEVELOPMENT OF TEXTILE GARMENT EXPORTS 1.1 The concept and role of textile export development 1.1.1 The concept of export development 1.1.1.1 Export concept With a lot of concepts on export of goods, the thesis selected in the process of studying the definition of goods export under the 2005 Commercial Law of Vietnam as follows: Export of goods means that the goods are taken out of the territory of Vietnam or put into a special area located in the territory of Vietnam is considered a separate customs area in accordance with the law [8] 1.1.1.2 The concept of export development The author proposes the concept of export development as follows: Export development is the process of change in both quantity and quality in export This is an increase in the size of exports, the development of export markets, export products associated with quality improvement and structural shift Promoting the efficiency of production and export business 1.1.2 Garment export characteristics - The export of textiles and garments depends on the specific characteristics of each country - The export of textiles and garments also depends on the fashion trend of the countries - Export of textiles and garments related to seasonality of products - Creating a brand for textiles and clothing exports is also a determining factor for a country's textile exports - The trend of consumption of textiles and garments for export in the countries also depends on the per capita income and consumption structure of the garment of the people in that country - The textile and garment export market is wide because almost all countries and regions in the world import textiles and garments to meet the needs of the majority of people - Exports of textiles and garments also depend on the tariffs and nontariffs of importing countries 1.1.3 Classification of textiles Classification according to statistics: Currently, goods are traded worldwide with a system of codes used to regulate the classification system of goods With the HS code can easily avoid confusion on the classification Classification by product category for garments: for example, coats, suits and uniforms, jackets, long skirts and loose skirts, shirts, trousers, T-shirt, baby outfit, sportswear Sorting by weave for textiles: Knitting: Knitted or crocheted knitted or crocheted fabrics are formed by bonding a set of loops; Woven: Woven fabrics that use woven fibers consisting of warp and weft are bundled together at right angles to form a piece of cloth 1.1.4 The concept of development of textile and garment export The development of textile and garment exports is a process of changing both in terms of quantity and quality in garment export including the increase in export scale, export product development, export market development, Develop export business methods to improve production efficiency and export business 1.1.5 The role of textile export development The development of textile exports has become increasingly important in the economy of each country 5 Firstly, the development of textiles and clothing exports will bring in foreign currency for the country, reduce the trade deficit, accumulate production and efficiently exploit the country's resources Secondly, the development of textile and garment exports will help expand the export scale, improve export efficiency and maintain sustainable growth in a certain period Thirdly, textile and garment industry is a labor-intensive sector, so the development of textile and apparel exports will create more direct and indirect employment, increase incomes and improve living conditions for workers social stability Fourthly, the development of textile and garment exports will increase the efficiency the use of capital in the textile and garment industry, stimulating and renovating the technology Fifthly, the development of textile and apparel exports has an important role in tapping the available resources of the country as well as enterprises Sixth, the development of textile and garment exports contributes to enhance the competitiveness of the industry, enterprises and products Seventh, develop textile and garment export to create conditions for enterprises to expand production, develop the market, improve product quality, capture information and establish business cooperation Eighth, the development of textile and apparel exports has also a role in boosting international economic relations among nations, contributing to the current intensive integration process 1.2 The content of textile export development 1.2.1 Develop export scale The export scale is expressed in terms of total volume and value of exports, the export scale expands while total volume or value of exports increase 1.2.2 Development of export markets Export market development is reflected in market restructuring Market restructuring include: Develop new markets Change market share in a given market Scaling up in export markets The export market structure is determined, current and future export values can be calculated by analyzing the markets and the factors that affect the export of textiles and clothing to that market Shifting export markets should be directed towards potential export markets, which are likely to consume large quantities of export commodities and bring about optimal efficiency in the export of textiles 1.2.3 Development of export products Development of export products is reflected in the restructuring of exports including: - Change, improve product quality - New product development - Creating brand name for export - Changes in the structure of quantity and types of existing items Thus, developing the export of textiles and garments, it is necessary to shift the product structure in a rational manner It should be directed at the textile products that the exporting country has the advantage, bring high added value in the export, develop the products are designed and produced directly, branding for the goods textiles and garments for export 1.3 The system of criteria for evaluating the development of the export of textiles and garments 1.3.1 Developing the export scale of textiles and garments - Total turnover of extile and garment export Export turnover is the measure of the total value of exported goods, which is recorded quarterly or yearly Determination method: E = P x Q E: export turnover; P: selling price on the export market; Q: The number of export goods - The total export turnover of textiles and garments compared to the total export turnover of the country E D (%)  dm x100% Ehh Determining methods: D (%): share of textile and garment export turnover in relation to export turnover; Edm: total textile and garment export turnover; Ehh: total export turnover of goods - The growth rate of textile and garment export turnover E  E0 g (%)  t x 100% E Determining methods: g(%): growth rate of export; Et: yearly export turnover; E0: Year of export base - The growth rate of textile and garment export compared with the growth rate of the country f (%) S g (%) Determining methods: S: Index compares the growth rate of textile and garment export with the growth rate of total export turnover of the country; f: Growth rate of textile and garment export; g: The growth rate of export turnover of the whole country 1.3.2 Developing the textile and garment export market - The market structure is reflected in the structure of the export turnover of textiles and garments in a market compared with the total export turnover of textiles and garments 7 Et 100% ME Determining methods: T: share of textile and garment export to a market compared to total export of textile and garment; Et: turnover of textile and garment export to a market; ME: Total textile and garment output - The growth rate of the market is reflected in the growth rate of the textile and garment export turnover in one market compared to the growth rate of the total textile and garment export turnover f (%) I n f (%) Determining methods: T (%)  I: The index compares the growth rate of textile and garment to one market with the growth rate of total output of textile and garment; fn: Growth rate of textile and garment in the market; f: Growth rate of total output of textile and garment - The market structure shift coefficient reflects the change in market share expressed by the share of textile and garment export turnover in a particular market over a given year or period T (i ) t (i )  n T0 (i ) Determination of market structure: t (i): The shift coefficient of the export market structure of textile and garment; Tn (i): proportion of textile and garment export to i in year n over total export value of textile and garment; T0 (i): The proportion of textile and garment export to i in the base year compared to the total export value of textile and garment 1.3.3 Develop textile and garment exports Develop textile and garment exports through the development of commodity structure, the growth rate of the commodity and the shift of textile and garment export structure - The structure of commodity items is shown by the proportion of export turnover of a textile and garment item to the total export turnover of textile and garment items E H (%)  h x100% ME Determining methods: H: The ratio of export value of textile and garment to total textile and garment export turnover; Eh: export of textiles; ME: Total export turnover of textiles and garments - The growth rate of the commodity is shown by the growth rate of the textile and garment export turnover compared to the growth rate of the total textile and garment export turnover k (%) N (%)  h f (%) Determining methods: N: The index compares the growth rate of textile export with the growth rate of total export turnover of textile and garment; kh: the growth rate of export of textile and garment; f: Growth rate of total output of textile and garment - Restructuring textile and garment exports reflects the change in the proportion of export turnover of a particular textile or garment category over a given year or period M ( j) h ( j)  n M ( j) Determining methods: h (j): coefficient of shift of textile and garment export structure; M n (j): share of textile and garment export in commodity j in year n over total export value of textile and garment; M (j): The proportion of textile and garment exported in year j compared to the total export value of textile and garment 1.3.4 Competitive Advantage (RCA) The RCA evaluates the potential of a country's textile exports Determination method (according to ITC data source): RCAij = (xij / Xit) / (xwj / Xwt) xij and xwj are the export values of j commodity of i country and j commodity of the world; Xit and Xwt are the total export of the country and total exports of the world + RCA