CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA V12

CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA: Sectional ybrary ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE SHELLS OF MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS VOL XII CONTAINING MONOGRAPHS OF THE GENERA ARGONAUTA MELANIA NAUTILUS TEREBBA ASPERGILLUM THRACIA HEMISINUS ANCULOTUS MELATOMA PIRENA MELANOPSIS SCARABUS TRIGONIA 10 MYOCHAMA BY LOVELL AUGUSTUS REEVE, F.L.S., F.G.S., CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF WURTEMBERG, AND OP THE LYCEUM OF NATUKA] HISTORY OF \i vi En le NEW YOKE ms bomcz done pas an seul plaisir des yeux, connoissant plus vous en jouirez raieus." De Lille LONDON LOVELL REEVE, HENRIETTA STREET, COVENT GARDEN 1860 ^ v ^1 LIB MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS ARGONAUT ' The Ocean- Mab, the fairy of the sea." Byron A /A A € % V- V I % vr tj -fho ARGONAUTA Plate AEGONAUTA, Genus a series of most interesting experiments and researches on Linnceus Testa navicularis, bicarinala, unilocirfaris, tenuis, papyra- minute granulata, spird discoided, in aperturam cea, involute immersd, alba, fusco-favescente sape tincta, fumeo-nigricante carina versus spirant plus minus ; la- teribus radiaiim rugatis, rugis vel continuis vel nodatis, ad carinam in luberculis plus minus conspicue mu- ship-shaped, one-chambered, thin, double-keeled, papyraceous, minutely granulated, spire discoid, involutely immersed in the aperture, white, often tinged with fuscous-yellow, keel smoky-black towards the spire sides radiately wrinkled, wrinkles either con- ; tinuous or noduled, terminating at the edges of the keel in more or less conspicuously prickly-scaled tu- Rafinesque, About twenty years since I had myself above a thousand specimens of A Argo, many with their Arthur Adams animals in Larking, Messina genus being merely the egg-cradles shells of this of a Cuttle-fish, constructed only by the female for the purposes of oviposition, great inconvenience has arisen through naming them in the Up absence of the animal to the present century the octopod or eight-legged Cuttle, one of the Polyps of Aristotle, usually found in these was thought to be a parasite The determined the question the early conchologists shell But no one had was simply called reception, and it its became known generally by the appellaIn 1817 some young speci- tion of the Paper Nautilus mens by Ovum Polypi and Domuncnla Po- Linnasus established the genus Argonauta for lypi of the animal and shell, captured in the Gulf of Guinea by Mr John Cranch, zoologist of the unfortunate Congo Expedition, were placed in the hands of Dr Leach, of the British Museum Convinced that the animal was no placed in my and the specimens ; hands by the Rev L B them during collected a temporary residence collected Adams during Belcher and Mr Arthur by Sir Edward the voyage of the Samarang, afforded me further means of examination " On our passage home across the South Atlantic," writes Mr Arthur Adams, " enjoyed numerous opportunities I of observing the animals of A Argo and gondola in the living large state, specimens having been captured by us numbers by means of a Numbers shells, spirits, who came trawl, as they in to the surface of the water at the decline of day in calm weather bercles The M Eang, MM Ferussae and D'Orbigny, M Madame Power, Professor Owen, and Mr the part of at ricalo-squamatis desinentibus Shell I parasite, he described in the it tions of the Royal Society ' ' Philosophical Transac- of that year as a of male Argonauts were taken by us, at the same time, without any of oviposition, may shells ; and this being the season account for the females, in such a num- ber of instances, being found embracing their calcareous shell-nests." One of the most conspicuous features in the natural his- tory of the Argonauts tion their is A Argo appears wide geographical distribu- to range within an area of forty degrees on either side of the Equator in both hemispheres The Mediterranean and the Indian, South Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans, are all recorded as habitats scription of this species under our de- and A tuberculosa ; is recorded from the Moluccas, from Tasmania, and from Brazil veral more on further research, be admitted by De Ferussae and and Se- species have been described than can, I think, six are the De The seven enumerated Blainville are reducible to four most that can even now be ; satisfactorily determined new genus, Ocythoe, and his paper was accompanied by an engraving of a specimen in six different positions The author was, Species (Mus Cuming.) however, mistaken in supposing that the parasitic nature attributed to the animal usually found in the Paper tilus Nau- the hinder pair of legs, The calcifying functions of which become modified in the fe- male into a pair of membranous webs, secreting the had been well established by Cuvier in the ' nodoso-tuberculatis tibus, Dictionnaire in testa orbiculari-invo- ; subdistantibus carina lata, tuberculis prominen; auriculis contraclis, interdum calloso-prolongatis The tubercled observations of Dr Leach served, however, to revive an interest Arg lutd, ventricosiusculu, lateribus convexis, rugis undique shell, des Sciences Naturelles' of Paris, thirteen years before The Argonauta tuberculosa had not been disproved the subject, and they have been followed by April, 1861 Argon.aut Shell orbicularly involute, rather ventricose, sides convex, with the wrinkles no- dosely tubercled throughout; keel broad, with the ARGONAUTA.— "Plate tubercles prominent traoted, and rather distant l.wi MiiK, Auini sans vert vol auricles >\n\- xi p 357 Tasmania, or Brazil, from each of which ming possesses specimens, range of habitation, — the — and it localities may havo shell is of the Mr Cu- a still wider same elegant orbi- Linnnus cularly involuted form, with the sides ventricoscly convex, Argonavta nodosa, Solander, MS contracted about the auricles, of which the callous margin Argonauta tuberculata, Shaw is iHtutia Ilii/i ; sometimes callously prolonged Irgo {part), Moluccas, Tasmania, Brazil a Tin- characters hibit little or of tins species arc well-defined, and ex- no variation Whether from the Moluccas, sometimes sinuously prolonged gured in our Plate, in an uncleancd The fine state, (ilmy yellowish tissue of animal matter, mania specimen fi- enveloped with is from Tas- / ' J Scarabiis fl- J7f- 21 >&>' 22 Zlr Z3 2J U Vjncent Brool MYOCHA M A Plate Genus MYOCHAMA, This species varies in form from ovate to transversely Stutchbury Testa inaquivalvis, adherens, valde irregularis, valvd dextrd affixd, sinistra libera, ventricosd, I ambabus dentibus duo- bus marginalibus divergentibns, foveold trigond inter- media ligamentnm, appendice testaced convexum, acci- oblong, and extremely irregular in it is its growth It is of a dull colour, compared with the other species of the genus, and generally more or is less decussately mal- leated piente Shell inequivalve, adhering, very irregular, right valve affixed, left valve free, ventricose, (Mus Cuming.) Species both valves with two marginal divergent teeth, having an intermediate pit Myochama Keppeliana Myoc subquadralo- tesld ovatd, ventricosd, circa umbones tumide products, pos- receiving the ligament, in connection with a shelly tice appendage angulato-truncatd, radiatim costatd, costis planu- lalis conftrtis irregularibus, nonnullis dichotomis, su- Myochama to Australia, is a parasitic ossicle-hinged bivalve peculiar and mostly found adhering to other bi- it is The specimens valves perficialiter arcuatim squamidatis Keppel's Myochama selected for illustration are at- teriorly and on two of them are two flattened, close-set, irregular, the The hinge same two species on each composed of two divergent marginal Myochama, Myochama of teeth, of is somewhat rude construction, enclosing between them a pit for the re- angularly truncated, radiately ribbed, perficially arcuately scaled Adams, Pro Hab Bass's ovate, produced about the umboes, pos- ventricose, tumidly tached to shells of Pectunculus, Crassatella, and Trigonia, different species of earned ; somewhat squarely Shell ; ribs some dichotomous, su- flesh-colour Zool Soc 1852, p 90 Straits, Australia (in pi 15 f deep water) Keppel ; ception of an internal ligament, which, like the Anathia tribe, has a small testaceous appendage or ossicle in con- nection with left is The it more or right valve less ventricose is and according ; larity of the surface of its place of more or The specimens on the Pectunculus at Fig Fig c, to the irregu- attachment, so does less participate in that irregularity, apart natural sculpture ides the adhering valve, the b, of from it will figured of this species attached to a Pec- Captain Keppel, is, I believe, the only one known ; Hon but it appears to be well distinguished in form and sculpture it from its nearest ally its M Anomioides Myochama Anomio- and on the Trigonia are finely ridged alike in radiations from the but the diagonal ribs vary, The specimen tunculus, collected at Bass's Straits, Australia, by the be seen, at umbo Species (Fig 3, left specimen Fig ; b, upper specimen.) j in bulk, accord- ing to the bulk of the ribs of the shell on which each spe- Myochama tabida truncatd, cimen has grown Myoc trigond, postice snb- testa radiatim liratd, liris tenuibus, numerosis, conferlis, nonnullis dichotomis; sordide alba The consumptive Myochama Mus Sowerby Mus Cuming.) Species (Fig a, My oc Myochama Strangei testa ; Fig numerous, ovaid vel transverse oblongd, tumide dichotome corrugato-liratd, plerumque plus minus malleatd ; sordide luted vel earned Strange's Myochama Shell triangular, pos- teriorly a little truncated, radiately ridged, ridges fine, b, Hab Australia some dichotomous ; dull-white Strauge This appears to Cuming Shell ovate or transversely ob- close-set, ; me to be a well-marked possesses several specimens, all species Mr characterized alike by a triangular outline of form, by a more numerous radi- long, tumidly dichotomously wrinkle-ridged, generally ation of fine close-set ridges, and by a uniform dull-white, more though perfectly fresh, appearance Crassatella and Pectunculus, represented at Fig and or less malleated ; dull yellow or flesh Adams, Pro Zool Soc 1850, p 23 Myochama transversa, Adams Hah Port Jackson, Australia Australia ; ; pi Strange f Fig Cape Upstart, b, ides Jukes September, 1860 M tabidus occurs in On the specimens of company with M Anomio- MYOCHAMA.— Plate Species (Pig a, b, lower specimen, and I Myochama Hab Australia Myochama Anomioides cosd, Myoc ovatd, testa, ventri- umbonibus subrostratis, lateribus rotundatis, ra- diatim liratd, liris irregularibus, tumidkisculis, plus minus obscure dichotomis ; cameo-rosed The Anomia-like Myochama Shell ovate, ventricose, somewhat swollen, more or scurely dichotomous Stutchbury, ; flesh-rose Zool Journ vol v pi 42 ; This species never has the triangular development of the preceding species the umboes ; it is more ventricose aud distinctly inclined to less ob- waved ribs Hence 1-4 tunculi ovate, with become beaked It is The diagonally on the specimens figured are caused by the ribbed surface of the shell on which the Myochama grows the specimen attached to the Trigonia has broader and larger diagonal f Adams Stutchbury, Strange moreover always of a flesh-rose colour uraboes rather beaked, sides rounded, radiately ridged, ridges irregular, Stutchburyi, c.) ribs than those attached to the Pec-