CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA V06

— ; : ; CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA ILLUSTRATIONS SHELLS OF MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS, VOL VI CONTAINING MOXOGRAPIIS OF THE GEN VOLUTA EISSURELLA ARTEMIS LUCINA PARTULA ACHATINELLA HEMIPECTEN STROMBUS PTEROCERA ROSTELLARIA STRUTHIOLARIA OLIVA LOVELL AUGUSTUS REEVE, v'DINti MEMBKI! C HISTUin VATUKAI, HISTOET V VOltK, AND UONC " Almighty Cause ! l; 'tis That keeps thy works Hence And life it F.Z.S., AND OF THE LYCKUM OF NATURA OF TIIL Il'SWKH MUSEUM thy preserving care, for ever fresh acknowledges matter owns F.L.S, IKTESIEEKG, its and fair glorious cause great disposer's laws Hence flow the forms and properties of things Hence rises hai-mony and order springs." Boyso LONDON: EKEVE AND BENHAM, HENIUETTA STREET, f:OVENT GARDEN, 1851 s^^ MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS L U T V " In A A frolic A convoluted sheU, placed upon wondrous labjriutli my shallop's side :— erst did dwell where creature of the Indian seas ;— a cell 1I""IFitted for Aphrodite."— iJoicrf A Volutu.Fl.I — V LUT ; vV Plate Genus Voluta, Linnaiis certain parts of the shell, such as the apex, the base, the general contour of the body-whorl, Testa ovata vel fusijhnnis, basi late emaryimdii, spirit nunc brevi, nunc acuminato-exsertd, apice plerumque plus minus oltuse papillari, interdum tenue nodulosd, anfractibus lavibtis vel tuberculatis, scepe rudi costatis, columella fortiter interdum auteni raro cancellatis, plicatd, plicis duabus ad quinque, interdum plicis tenuibns numerosis supra, aperturd subampld, labro put- rum incrassato, nunquam Shell ovate or fusiform, broadly emarginated at the base, spire now short, more or generally finely noduled, now acuminately exserted, apex sometimes less obtusely papillary, whorls smooth or tuberculated, often rudely ribbed, sometimes but rarely cancellated, columella strongly plaited, plaits two to five in number, with sometimes numerous fine plaits above, aperture rather large, lip but thickened, never crenated little Operculum horny writer the nobles of Testacea, just as LinnaBus, in his admiration of the Palms, called them the princes of the vegetable world, have always been "a fa/ourite genus among They collectors present an agreeable variety of form, a lively arrangement of colours, and many whose fauna and its peculiarly Australian is of our empire to the diffusion region, In are of eminent rarity graphical range the genus owing flora are that into ; geo- and distant marked with alike a character singularly distinct from those of any other part of the world, and we have become possessed varieties of species, which, rally accessible, European other may of many species, same Of four-and-twenty cabinets species and papillary be featm-e of the genus, —the are mostly four or five in winding round the directed to the first most permanent plaits of the columella These number, strongly developed and somewhat pillar obliquely In some few species they are reduced to two and three in number, and ai'e more rudely constructed Occasionally they vary a little in different individuals of the same others there strong plaits, and several finer are four or five rudimentary plaits in addition lutes are rather inconstant ; In species that ; the is, papillaris the apex ivory ball in in and nivosa tilio reticulata being it is and the closer and more contracted minently is The the shell raised in tubercles racters for the distinction of species are to more jiro- best cha- be found in broad and obtuse slightly papillary but up with enamel filled sharp, is and imperialis the apex still is it has the appearance of a small it in V scapha ; fulgetmm and ; and rupestris /estiva V ; /'' witliout nodidous yet in V vesper- ; in F volva ; and acuminated, the sutures in V liarpa ; very is and Guildingii any papillary structure and ; it these all modifications of the apex are accompanied with distinctive featm-es in other parts of the shell, serving to characterize groups, and so to divide the genus into subgenera or Except in the sections V abysslcola, the little first found living representative of a group of fossil species abundantly in the Tertiary Beds of Great Britain, there Linnseus included under the head of Voluta having a row of is this genus no transverse sculptm'e in shells all winding round the columella, plaits without considering the nature or habits of their animal The whose Tornatell/p, shells are entire at the the Auricula, which, inhabiting the banks of stag- ; nant water, are amphibious canaliculated ; ; the Turbinellre, which are and the Maryinella, whose enveloped by the soft parts, were shell is entirely associated in the all 'Systema Natura;' under the same generic the are ' Boats now ' and Melons,' ' ' Les Gondolieres of Lamarck, form a genus of them- ventricose form and texture, to selves Even type ' separated from the Volutes, on account of their Ci/mbium ; and some authors have gone so far as to divide this again into Ci/mba and Melo The animal of Voluta difi'ers little from that of Cpn- hium, except in being smaller, less expansile, and more tion of the respiratory ; smooth and polished, In of a very rude, uncouth growth is it and sometimes shorter and contracted The same species is often smooth or tubercled, just as a Cone is the growth of an individual, the thicker and blunt is has a peculiar rudely acuminated twist V ancilla brilliantly coloured smooth or granulated the pencil of in two or three whorls, con- ance of any pattern or sculpture times elongately convoluted, the spire proportionably exserted, first in forming what has been called a papilla, before the appear- In form the Yo- the same species being some- may be and manner of its palette stituting the nucleus of the shell, are base In reviewing the various modifications of character, our species a In most species of the genus Voluta the apex occupants Lamarck a species more constancy is the Volute, than in the colours of known attention should There distribution truly ascertained to be from that locality, only seven were to and however variable ; colour, there is but one idea in its pattern from a country more gene- would have been more equally shared by in the all, in its plan of convolution, the parts referred to diil'er are the regularly formed, but The Volutes, termed by an accomplished However much general design of painting Operculum corneum crenato texture aud sub- its stance, the outUue of the aperture, and, above It has the same peculiar lobed dilasijjhon, and the eyes, as genus, are rather distant from the tentacles hitherto figured in a living state but there is November, ISiii that in species are brilliantly coloured, no similarity between the pattern or colour of the animal and vellow, The its shell The V vespertilio is of a bright marked with longitudinal interrupted black Inic? ; VOLUTA.— Plate marked with dark of a rusty orange, the V angulata, spots like a leopard whilst the V uivosa ; purple, is with unequal black spots edged with white is the only species in which an operculum has been observed oblong, thin, and horny, taken by Mr It is small, Cuming from the living animal The geographical of careful A thick solid shell, in which the columellar plaits are (di-edged at the depth of nine fathoms) Externally the shell Of species sixty-one is worthy which colom-ing toothed within row of swollen The noduled round the upper part are present at Seven are from different Japan, only twelve are found parts of the coast of Africa, (Mus Brit.) Species including Madagascar, VoLUT.A MAGNiFicA cidd, six Of West Indies and the Gulf of Mexico eight species the locality is not known Southern Hemisphere, two of which, F Magellauiea and ancilla, of large latifasciatd, maculis pallidis transversis lanceolato-an- size, The MAGNIFICENT Volute rather thin, inhabit the coast and Hudson's Bay Yet the Volutes not approach the Medi- terranean or any part of Europe and ; it is the only species found in the West wide open, the coast of Honduras ; and it is believed on simple, light and more darkly broad-banded with pale spots, columella orange-carnelion Chemnitz, Conch Cab vol.xi p pl.174-5 Rose Bay, Port Jackson, AustraUa good authority that the celebrated F Junonia, of which only a few specimens are known, is from the Gulf of Mexico, probably the northern shore, near the mouth of species Only two small species have con- little thickened; scarcely rusty chestnut, leaving transverse lanceolately angled EaJj the Appalachicola Eiver lip fulvous, clouded is Indies, except the F guttata, a small species allied to F Guildingii this, inhabits mudca spire rather tracted at the base, columella four-plaited, aperture curious to observe that the fine and beautifully coloured V Shell ovately ventricose, largely inflated, the apex, whorls smooth, slightly concavely angled round the upper part, a in the opposite latitude with Scotland somewhat short, papillary at of Patagonia and Tierra del Puego, in the same parallel of hemisphere con- guadri- columella gulatis intermittente, columelld aurantio-carneold north of the equator, whilst there are thirty-seven in the apice leviter fulvescente,ferrugineo-castatteo nebulatd et saturatiore Only sixteen have peculiarly a southern range species are found superne pUcatd, aperturd patuld, labro simplici, vix incrassatd; observed, from this statement, that the Vo- may be Iambus, sidicontractis, basi tenui- spird brevinscuta, iiiflatd, aiifructihus cavo-aiignlatis, the remaining Fol testd ovato-ventricosd, subampliter papillari, from South America, east and west, and four inhabit the little lip faintly In the great eastern ocean, from Java to of Australia lutes and the of a mixed pattern of black, blue, and brown stated, inhabit the coast known, twenty-four, as already It is is Cuming ; characterized by a transversely sculptured, ribs distribution of the Volutes attention Gulf of Ponseca, San Salvador, Central America marked V mitsica I Hab Well known by Chemnitz's ; f 1693-4 Stutchbrny admirable this figures, remains unapproached by any other It is of comparatively light growth, and never tubercled been found on the western coast of South America, F harpa and Cumingii ; and of the African species the pre- of Madagascar, and the beautifully cancellated F aigssicola, dredged from a bank of dead depth of 133 fathoms, at the off the shells Species (Mus Cuming.) F Belessertiana unknown, excepting the cise localities are VoLUTA HARPA Cape of Good Hope miimte vel late Species plicatd, (Mus Cuming.) siiiia, Sjiird basi recurvd, intus et costis The haep Volute smooth or minutely obtuse dentato liic illic rudely varicose, obtusely toothed slanting round the upper part, then nodose, nodules and middle filleted ; columella three-plaited, whitish, clouded with blue and brown, with black, interior of the aperture orange Brodeeip, Pro chestnut Barnes, Annals Zool Soc, 1832, p 33 of the Lyceum Xat Hist, of New York, vol.i.p 139 pi 9.f contracted and obtiisely toothed here and there in an interrupted lip fulvous orange, ; clouded and variegated throughout with blue and spire acuminated, sharp at the apex, whorls concavely little broadly transversely three- plaited, recurved at the base, aperture narrow, Shell ovately pyramidal, very thick, ribs, striated, longitudinally grooved, columella interrupts nigro-vittatd, apertura fauce aurautid descending in swollen Shell oblong-ovate, very thick, spire rather short, sharply acuminated at the apex, whorls superficially albidd, caruteo spadiceoque nehdosd, in the rude labro fulvescente-aurautid, aviihi, (nifnirlihiis siipenie cra.imto, intus medio subcontracto thickened, a obtuse dentato; caruleo-castaneoque undique nebulatd et variegatd acuminata, apice tmiudis descendentilius, eoliinuUd Iriidicatd, lahro in- lip aperturd angnstd, Fol testa ova/o-pgmmicJali, crassis- coticm-o-dc'divibus, deinde tiodnln.sis, uiiilnHs, in Cuming's Volute longitudinaliter convexo-tumidis, slrlatis, snperficialiter sulcatis, colunielld transversim tri- varicoso, \'()LUTA Cumingii Fol testd oblongo-ovatd, crassissimd, spird breviuscidd, apice acute acuminatd, anfractibus lavibus and iron stones, Hab St Elena, West Columbia (from sandy mud depth of eight fathoms) manner A ; at the Cuming sharply ridged acuminated species, of the same type, colour, and general aspect, as F Cumingii Vfilu.^/ I'LJI '^^-\ R.B.S: R-.imp, KOSTELLARIA.— Plate Jj!orr/iaiipes-carlioiiis,Bi-ongniari,Ten pi f du Viucpiit, p 75 dance, I This well-known species, which is characterized well is by foimd in great abunstout its growth and cm-ved canal Rostellaria Seiresiana, Micliaud Eostellaria pes-pelicani, var., Kiener Chenopus pes-carbonis, Dcsliayes Species (Mus Cuming.) Chenopus Serresianus, Philippi Eai Zetland fathoms) (at a ; depth of from seventy tn a Inindred Eostellaria pes-pelecani M'Andrew acuminato-turritd, Distinguished mainly from R pes-pelecani by its more atis, slender and delicate p^-owth, and in having an additional suturis datis, iiato, claw tylis transversim tenuistri- ultimo tricari- anfraciu maiyitiatis, carinis duabus centralibus prominentibus, obliqm alam quadridactylam expanso, dac- plicato-nodatis, in Species (Mus Cuming.) Rost testdfusiformi, spira anfractibus medio angulatis, ad amjuluni oblique plicato-no- incrassatis, acuminatis albidd, pallidi ; fulm tinctd Eod RosTELLAKiA cURViKosTKis ritd, lestd fusifomii-tur- obesd, ponderosd, apird valde acuminatd, cauali curvaio, anfractibus subplanatis, paucis primis irevi, longitudinaliter costatis, cxterk leeviius, crasdmculd indutd, columella arcuatd, epidermide eallosd, labro sex-septemderitatu, swperne ecmspicue canaliculato-pro- ducto fulvo-fucescente, columella et apertura fauce ; alhis foot Eostellaria Shell fu.siform, spire acuminately turreted, whorls transversely finely striated, angled in the middle, obliquely pUcately noduled at the angle, sutures margined, three-keeled, the two last whorl central keels being prominent and obliquely noduled, expanded into a foui'-clawed wing, claws thickened, sharp-pointed ; whitish, tinged with light fulvous colour The curved-beak Eostellaria reted, The pelican's heavy, stout, spire Shell fusiforndy tur- very Sirombus pes-pelecani, Linnseus, Syst Nat (12th much acuminated, p canal short, curved, whorls rather flattened, a few early whorls longitudinally ribbed, the rest smooth, covered with a arched, callous, rather Up thick six- to epidermis, columella seven-dentate, conspicn- ously canaUeidately produced above ; light fulvous- brown, columella and interior of the aperture white Lamarck, Anim sans vert.(Deshayes' edit.) vol ix p 654 edit.) 1207 Rostellaria pes-pelicani, Lamarck Aporrhais quadrifidus Da Costa Tritonium pes-pelicani, Miiller Chenopus pes-pelecani, Philippi Aporrhais pes-pelecani, Swainson Hab Coasts of Europe (from a depth of from ibur hundred fathoms) ; to a Fori)es Rostellaria brevirostra, Schumacher Rostellaria fuaus, Sowerby Hab Red Sea This species more thickened differs mainly from R pes-carbonis in solid growth, and in having one claw its less Iio.