CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA V05

— CONCHOLOGIA ICONICA ILLUSTRATIONS SHELLS OF MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS VOL V CONTAINING MONOGRAPHS OF THE GENEIi BULIMUS CASSIS ACHATINA TURRITELLA ONISCIA DOLIUM MESALIA EBURNA CASSIDARIA EGLISIA LOVELL AUGUSTUS REEVE, F.L.S., F.Z.S CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SOCIETY OF WURTEMBERG ; HONORARY MEMBER OF THE IPSWICH MUSEUM ' As the Snail wliose tender bonis being hit, Shrinis backwards in his sheliy cave with pain, And there, all Long smothered up, in shade doth after Icaring to creep forth again." L N JJ N sit, Shakspeare : UEEVE, BENHAM, AND REEVE, KING WILLIAM STREET, STRAND 1849 MONOGRAPH OF THE GENLfS B U L ' I M U S Thi' fertile bosom of the earth gives siiel< To myriads, who still grow beneatli her rare, Rewarding her with their piuf perfeetiiess."— S//.V/('i/ /iu/wais P/ / >^ ; BULIMUS Genus BULBfUS, Lamarck "It was Testa ovata, vel oblonga, vel turrita, anfractibits nunc perpaucis, ventricosis, nunc plurimis, contractis, aut fraffiUius et nape translucidis, aut cramuscwUs, epidermide interdum duplici indutk; columella recta, interdum, unipUcatd, hasinunqnam trmicatd; aperture! nonnunqtiam dentatd, plerumque integrd, iimrgiiii/mi diyiinctis, lahro Opercii/iim hhIIuih vel simplici, vel re/texo whorls sometimes very Shell ovate, oblong, or turreted, few and ventricose, sometimes either fragile thick, covered with, sometimes, a double diaphanous epi- dermis columella straight, sometimes one-plaited, ; never truncated at the base aperture in some in- ; stances toothed, generally entire, with the margins :Mr Spain, and aided by powerfid recommendations from her government, which opened to him the be interior of the islands, and caused him to received with a noble hospitaUty, equalled oidy by the warm interest which facilitated his amved and made himself known." pm-suits wherever he had but an imperfect knowledge, in consequence of the in contracted, and often transparent, or rather "that relates Mi- Broderip, Queen Eegent of bad condition many and 18.36," in Ciuning proceeded to the Philippine Islands by permission of the Species of which which a stray individual chanced we to reach our cabinets, were found in liixm-iant plenty, and many new kinds were discovered in their Had De equal abundance Hved admii-er of this tribe, aii-y solitude in Terussac, the enthusiastic to see the glorious series of Bull mi accumulated in the Cumingian collection in different stages of growth, and in the finest state of preservation, disjoined, lip either simple or reflected from the egg to the adult, he would have been indeed The beautiful forms and varieties of shells those aii'-breathing mollusks, BuUmus, appellation of of the gi-eat of Snails, have tribe interest especial to produced by which, under the generic constitute an important division the conchologist, with which a few enterprising become objects of owing It have scientific travellers them Sorry am win not allow me I that the limits of the present to illustrate more than two, work or occa- sionally three, of the typical varieties of each species, and of these but a single view the zeal to lately penetrated into tropical countries in pursuit of The genus BuUmus, as restricted by Lamarck, compre- hends an extremely natural group, though presenting important differences of growth and texture and these ; however, to the productive exertions of Mr Cuming variations are peculiarly local we as just described, the species are of large and rather soUd is, that amazed are mainly indebted for the newer and more attractive subjects of the present The monograph re- searches of this ardent naturalist in the arid plains on the west of the Andes, in the dense side woods of West Colmubia and Central America, and, more recently, in In the Philippine Islands, gi-owth with a remarkable hydrophanous epidermis, that is, one pei-meable by water or other evaporable On the barren of liUls Lima and fluid the sandy plains of Chili and Peru, they are mostly small and delicately formed the luxuriant open forests of the Philippine Islands, whilst in Brazil, the species are remarkable for having the aper- they present an instructive contrast, exceed any result ture the most sanguine collector could have anticipated In the dry and ban-en regions of Western Chili and Peru, the BuUmi structui-e; are mostly small and of comparatively favom- the growth of arboreal species, Blr the genus is Cuming must one transported to the fabled garden of when beholding the lofty trees of these laden with snails of such magnificent propor- Aladdin, in the Arabian tale, could not, sm-ely, have contemplated the rich clusters of vaii-coloured in the and in New New Hebrides, plaited Auricula-YikQ columella It is a curious featui-e in the Philippine species that the Hesperides, tions denticulated; Grenada, and exhibit, with equal peculiarity, a the varieties of pattern, which constitute then- chief orna- felt like isles New vegetation combine to represented with prolific splendom- sunny imcommonly but in the beautifid islands of the Eastern Archipelago, where climate aud have truly fragile frequent instances in Caledonia, Venezuela, they not fruit garden of the African Magician with more astonish- ment, nor probably gathered it with more aWdity The ment, reside only in the epidermis shell rarely describe pattern is colours of the any sort of configuration mostly blended into a uniform tint, : they are over which a fanciful produced by the epidei-mis forming a double porous membrane in some places, and a single one only in others, developed, moreover, with the regularity as the textile This phenomenon shell in water, April, 184.8 is when same continuous marking of a Volute or Cone easily detected by immersing the the light portion or upper porous BULIMUS.— Plate becomes saturated, and the ground laver of epidermis colour of the shell seen through it; as the moisture is evaporates, the epidermis resumes DaWd Sir ou its light appearance Brewster, hi reply to a letter from Mr Broderip this subject, says and that appears to me, from very careful It two only the upper layer which is it " : the epidermis consists of observations, that wherever the pattern hanng been deprived parency to the membrane same manner in the ; as hydro- water of crystallization." There animal of BuUmus : the Chilian species are mostly of a bght colour, and a few in and the Columbian tliis a transparent of four and dwell in family groups, as it Out of a were, gi-oup more than three or living specimens not in an adult state with the lip of the They may be dislodged by shaking the disturbed by the heavy rains cliielly with wliich those islands are at times visited Mr preferred, however, to collect them in Cuming diy sunny weather, because he was sure of finding the objects of his search in shady places of retreat In the immense sandy tract on the west side of the Andes, the reverse of this conTlie Bulimi are here physically dition of nature prevails numerous some Cacti, reside all the year inclosed within their sheU ill tlie live in a state of torpor, by an epiphragm, and buried sand or under stones On the approach of the ilews, they revive to a state of animation, at in round upon the but during the dry season, which lasts months, they mostly for several The Bulimi vary species, with the : fragOe with a reflected lip are oviparous arboreal species of the Philippines deposit their eggs clusters on the trees, between two leaves which up one upon the the animal manages to curl to of propagation of the shell simple, are mostly \nvi- parous, whilst those The mode in their lip form a receptacle for their protection other, so as and, so far as ; Mr Cuming's observations go, they are all soft doroen-m, may be found ; in perfect aston- though a sexagenarian, ; snake's eggs, w^ith the single exception of the B branches, but are very distinct " I suppose you sombre shell reflected their : visible the shady foliage of the branches some dozen some having the dews come, and they will be The man, however, rains." through which the spots are olivaceous bro^vn, among district are spotted, it till Mr Cuming rejoined again." species are, without exception, of a shell The PhiUppine Upon state he had never heard of such a thing as rain in little variety in the is little " Ouly wait : ishment inquired what he meant or in phauous opal has become white, from the expulsion of its replied mean when of, one in a living scarcely remonstrating with him for his inattention, the native all alive never having possessed, the element which gives trans- quantity his Chilian collector had accumu- was lated, there greatly disappointed to find Cuming was among the layers, portions of the epidermis differ from the other parts of the upper layer only in that porous These white or porous wliite is is I excursion, Mr and crawl about night in quest of food which instance the eggs are in deposited upon the leaf in parallel rows, like Min- calcareous, each standing perpendicidarly on end, attached at the base by a glutinous substance The two widely remote habits of the Bulimi in the Cuming, having been treated of coimtries explored by Mr in the foregoing remarks, in other parts only remains to speak of it Turning to New pectedly sm-prised to find that the genus to an extremely limited extent than three species them Holland we are unex- am I hanng been found is represented not aware of more in this wide expanse of countiy, although several fine Helices have been dis- covered ; and in a region of which the Fauna and Flora exhibit so luxuriant of a genus of so remarkable fi-om and distinctive a character, the scarcity much importance The same observation in the Eastern Isles is applies to New Zealand, whence, so far as the interior of the islands of that group has been visited, no more than one or two species have been received In Africa the Bulimi are almost as great strangers in as the locabties just spoken of; In illustration of the remarkable drought that prevails throughout the whole extent of land yet explored of this Northern vast continent, scarcely a dozen species Chili, and of am tempted to repeat, me by Mr Cuming On I its effect in brief, upon moUuscous life, an anecdote related to the arrival of our friend at the The Bulimi tained here are Such a phenomenon may islands of the Pacific Jiidimm Broderipii are replaced by the genus Achatinella, of the rocks that may be numbers, in the fissures seen here and there in the sandy Islands their place plains of that country Finding a large proportion of West them dead, with parts entirely decomposed, he prevail tlie soft requested a solitary iuhabitant of the place to collect as many specimens as he could pick out alive whilst he occupied himself with botanizing Returning from his ; is by Jcluitina also be obseiTcd in Port of Copiapo in 1829, he discovered the beautiful in considerable have been ob- replaced in the some of the Sandwich Islands the Bulimi and in the Society occupied by the ParlulrB In the Indies the genera Achatina and Glaiidiiia seem to Howsoever abundant the genus Bulimus in most of the islands of the Eastern Archipelago, few is species appear to inhabit the great territories of India Cliina, Ou the coast of Borneo a beautiful species and was BULIMUS.-Plate Mr Adams, of H.M.S Samarang, recently discovered by by the accidental huge falling of a woody islet So also, in the extensive region of where no more than Species (Pig a and and woody Columbia, that the genus BuUmtis magnificence they terdniii the of new to The oriental Bulimus ovate, whorls of immense tudinal and many more, no doubt, feet, continent It is Shell somewhat pyramidally number, six in convex, the last flatly ; purple-black, epider- streaks, apertui'e blueish columella wliite, pinkish piu-ple an altitude undisturbed solitude in the vast interior of this atriijatd, columt/ld nmnrro-purpu- mis sometimes simple, sometimes arranged in longi- by Mr Linden, an assiduous Botanical from 5000 to 8000 (tw(>U in ventricoso, loiiijilinViiiiiViti'r ventricose, columella straight entirely have been collected in Venezuela and science, New Granada Traveller, only within the last twelvemonth, at interdmil rasceiite Philippine Several fine species, ultimo piirpureo-niyrirnide, rpiJi'miide in- ; simplici, npertiird ctenilesceitte-albd, abundant to be roasted and eaten by the aborigines as a frequent article of food Mus Cuming.) b Bui testa subpyraviidali-ovatd, plano-convexis, senis, cohwielld recta district of enough and sufBciently large are anfractibm known represented with a is that to inferior little here ; Bulimus pythogastee North Ajnerica, a few insignificant species are It is in the riclily fertile to exist eminently distinguished is swoUen egg-shaped growth exposed to the vicissitudes of a colder climate, the Bulimi are mostly small and exhibit no brilliancy of Islands its In Em'ope, where are of rare occurrence in that locality colour by Banguey and Balambangan, but they situated between natui-e is in a tree, I the general form of the shell Ferussac, Lamarck, Anim sans Hub Fig /I, Island of Ticao ; extremely probable that a large The examples portion of South America yet remains to be explored by 33G vert, vol.viii p Fig b, Mount Isarog, Island of Luzon, Philippines (on leaves of trees) ; Cuming ofB.pi/iko//nster selected for representation the adventm-ous naturalist, where there is no doubt a fine vary so materially in form, as well as in the arrangement of expanse of forest country, grand in extent, rich in foliage, the epidermis, that one might consider them to belong to and possessing distinct species, all the elements favourable to the growth and beauty of arboreal moUusks ture were it Ticao, Fig a, the shell Species BuLiMUs (Mus Cuming.) Bid testa ovali, and the epidermis in that fi-om Luzon, Fig ; ,'jiiiln-ifiiili' iiiihdii iiiiizniKiIti, pnr- and is dark pm-ple, and the epidermis lahro whorls six in number, concentrically Bulimus lignarius Bid testa ovato-conoided, anfractibm senis, tmiiido-convexis veiitri; colit- €pid4'rmide lineis columella striated, purpureo-nigricante, melld recta; slightly twisted at the base (Mus Cuming.) ventricose, oval, cosisslmd, tumid, is velvety, uniformly distributed thi'oughout without Species Shell sUghtly abbreviated, convexly the base any description of pattern reflexo The wide-mouth Bulimus spu'c b, Injdrophand, in anfractu ultimo niii'iiurd cmruleacente-alhd, , arranged in convexo-tumicUs, setiis, soft piirvd-fii^iii is somewhat contracted, imparting a more pyramidal form ventricosd, ciilniiielld basi siibcontorta ; xtrhilis^ In the specimen from broader and more acutely ven- longitudinal streaks to the shcU, the apex yjirn sii/jfiUrerin/ri., mifradihis rniirriitrirr is tricose at the base, is jiac;rostom.\ not for the similarity in the struc- and colouring of the aperture purple-brown, covered ; with a hydrophauous epidermis, marked with a single fasciiMjne in anfractu ultimo, et interdum penultimo, Hotatd; aperturd caridescente-albd, columeUd Uvido- zone on the last whorl ; aperture blueish white, lip piirpurascente reflected Pfeiffer, Pro The wooden Bulimus Zool Soc, 1843, 152 p tricose, Hab Sual, Province of Pangasinan, Philippines (on leaves of trees) TJiis species ; Island of Luzon, Cuming approaches the B rnfogaster, by a similar zone round the last whorl ; is it charac- does not however exhibit the vacant patches beneath the sutures The columella uf B iiiacrostoma is straight ; purple-black, epidei-mis bands or lines on the partakes it of the same shades of colour, and the epidermis terised meUa slightlv twisted, and Shell ovately conoid, very ven- whorls six in number, timiidly convex timate whorl ; last ; colu- marked with and sometimes the penul- aperture blueish-white, columella livid purple Pfeiffer, Pro Zool Soc, 1843 Hah Gattarang, Province of Cagayan, Island of Luzon, Philippines (on leaves of trees) ; Cuming BULBIL'S.— Plate L This of the is The columella most ventricose proportions number is of the base columella slightly twisted ; epidennis disposed in obliquely concentric streaks, aperture blueish wliite, columella pale pinkish purple tending around the and penultimate whorls last ; tiie specimen figured, in which the bands are confined to the last whorl, is rather Pfeiffer, Pro Zool Soc, 1846 Luzon and Marinduque, Philippines (on Islands of JIab an exceptional variety the leaves of trees) There little is B pijlhoganler Species (Mus Cuming.) ; it to Ciuning ; distingiiish BuLiMUS RUFOGASTER Bid testd ovato-comided, sub- veiitricosd, anfractibtis ; convexin, columella suli- senis, nigricante-purpured, interdum rufescente, to species this from the has a somewhat angular inclination of growth around the lower intortd blackish-brown, ; and the epidermal pattern consists of circidar bands or lines, frequently ex- a livid blueish purple, of a convex, last whorl somewhat obscurely angled towards the largest of the Philippine species, and that part, but this is not a character which much importance can be attached, seeing that the typical varieties above figured of that species present almost as great a difference of form epidermide basin versus ttnifasciatd, strigis longitudinaliius nigricantibus, prope tatd, ad suturas latiorihus, no- aperturd columelldgue cwrulescente-albidis The red Bclimus ovately conoid, Shell (Mus Cuming.) somewhat BULIMUS Reevii number, convex, columella ventricose, whorls six in senis, tumidiusculis, somewhat twisted; blackish purple, sometimes reddish, ; same blueish white hue is slightly twisted, short, interrupted streaks This rich Shell oblong-ovate, first IkLiMUs PuiLiPPiNENSis ba.u subplanulatd, basin versus Bul anfractibm testd senis, subobscure angulaio ; ovnto-conoidcd, Luhban, Province of Tayabas, Island of Luzon, flattened at species of Bulimus, ; Cuming and I believe the which Mr Cuming unpacked from his vast on his return from the Philippines, and, being columella leviler the impression caused by the sight of so superb an example lida rosaceo-purpurascente what collection first present at this exciting moment, I shall not easily forget aperturd candescente-albd, columella pal- TiiK Philiim'Ine Bulimcs the is shell, convexis, ultimo intortd; nigricanie-fuscd, epidermide in strigis oblique concentricis, fine lines, apcr- Helix Reevii, Broderip, Pro Zool Soe., lS-11 IM This (Mus Cuming.) in in Cuming, MSS., Mus Cuming Philippines (on the leaves of trees) Species whorls six burnt-brown, with the epidermis together with the pcritreme, of a h^id purple hue last have not observed in any other species livido-purpuras- blueish white, columella sc;u-cely twisted, and, tui-e band round and a row of broad, around the sutures peritremate remarkable rather broad bands and and of as the interior of the shell the lower part of the last whorl, I intortd, nimiber, rather swollen, last whorl ventricose and effused; TJie pattern of the cpidei-mis exhibits a single mentioned design dark and Cuming In this species the columella the (in intense cenlibus Reeve's Bulimus Hab Province of Baie, Island of Luzon lofty forests) cohmieUd vix aperture and columella blueish white ejf'uso ; remotis lineisque subtilibus, aperturd candescente-albd, band, and with dark longitudinal streaks, wliich are sutures, ultimo ventricoso, ustulato-fuscd, epidermide infaseiis insignibm laliuscidis epidermis marked towards the base with a single broader near the Bul testd oblongo-ovatd, aiifraciibux of an arboreal Snail The remarkable disposition of the epidermis was quite a matter of astonishment, nothing of the kind had been observed before, nor had any specimen Shell ovately conoid, some- the base, whorls six in number of the 7? pi/tliogaster been collected in a state of preser- vation by wliich this iihenomeiion could be unilcrstood CASSIDARIA Cassidea TgrrJiena, Bruguiere Genus Cassidaria, Lamarck Testa ovoidea, ventricosa, ad Buccinum echinophorum, aUeiwata, in caualem basin Buccinum curvum,postice ascendentem, desinens, apertttrd longi- Cassidaria echinophora, Deshayes tudinali, labro columellari lavi, latissime effiiso, lahro eiterno rejlexo, intus crenato Operculum corneum Hab Mediterranean Dr Philippi and Shell ovoid, ventricose, attenuated at the base, ending in a ascending posteriorly longitudinal, recurved columellar aperture canal, very widely within Oper- smooth, lip effused, outer lip reflected, crenated The genus Cassidaria is one of the very few to which no species have been added since the time of Lamarck It is, indeed, reduced within narrower limits of which Chemnitz is others, M Deshayes there is representation vol x p 153 in 1461-2, f a smooth variety of the well-known C echinophora which It remarkably distinguished by is angular its pyriform growth, and I have not seen any specimen which may be said to represent a state intermediate between this and the commoner form, of which specimens with few no nodules are frequently mistaken for oi- it compassing the four quarters of the globe, have failed to discover any new species ; the Lamarckian genus has been reduced, on the other hand, by the distribution of two to form the genus Oniscia, and Species (Fig a and b, Cassidaria echinophora tenuiliratd, costis plamdatis, a matter of opinion amongst it is parvd intermedia, labro authors whether two of these, both inhabiting the shores crenato of the jMediterranean, are not varieties of the same Mus Cuming.) Cass, testa oviformi, vel globoso-ovatd, transversim medio costatd, supra et infra Three recent species only of another to the genus Triton remain to the genus, and are of opinion that this an accurate Conchylien Cabinet,' ' for whilst, ; on the one hand, the researches of Cuming, Quoy, Belcher, D'Orbigny and shell, follows culum horny var Gmelin ochroleucum., Gmelin ; plus mimisve nodosis, lira externa subincrassato, intus fulvescente-albd,ferrugineo-fusco plus minusre specific tinctd type The The prickly Cassidaria Cassidaria nearly aUied, by and diil'ers Cassis, to which it is most Shell egg-shaped or glo- oval inflated growth, projecting spire, efl'used aperture, The from bosely ovate, transversely ribbed in the middle, finely its ridged above and below, ribs rather flattened, more ending in a slightly recurved canal locality of the third species is or less nodose, with a small intermediate ridge, outer not known lip somewhat thickened, crenated within ; light ful- vous white, more or less stained with rusty brown Species Lamarck, Anim (Mus Cuming.) sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol x p Buccinum echinophortim, Linnaeus Cassidaria Tyrrhena Cass, testa, superiw veutricosd, anfractibus liris snbpyriformi-ovatd, regidaribus widique crehre fanicidatis, ultimo superne angulato, compress!; nodoso, supra Echinora tuberculosa, Schumacher ad angulum Buccinum strigosum, Gmelin exiliter oblique plicate, aper- turd elongato-oblongd, labris obsolete crenatis ; Shell Buccinum nodosum, DOlwyn fulves- cente-spadiced, aperturd alba The Tuscan Cassidaria ovate, ventricose Cassidea echinophora, Bruguiere Cassidaria Tyrrhena, var., Philippi Hab Mediterranean somewhat pyramidally round the upper The part, whorls closely corded throughout with regular ridges, last whorl angled at the ujiper part, compressly noduled at the angle, faintly obliquely plicated above, aperture elon- gately oblong, lips obsoletely crenulated; light ful- large noduled specimen represented at Fig sufficiently shows that the growth of tremely variable ; still, b, this species is ex- I have not observed in any variety the peculiar angulated pe;u:-shape which distinguishes the C Tyrrhena vous bay, aperture white Lamarck, Anim sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol Tgrrhmum, Chemnitz Species vii p Cassidaria \ugust, 184.9 striata (Mus Cuss, Brit.) testa subpyriformi-ovatd, CASSIDARIA.— Plate basin versus pracipue attenuald, vix recurvd, tram- dinal engraved striaj, sutures of the spii-e excavated, versim creberritnc elevato-striatd, striis longitudinaliius incisis versus labru incrassatis, inius foriiier crenato-liratis, effusis ; pallide fulvescente areoMd scarcely particularly attenuated white, sometimes brownish, marked Lamaeck, Anim sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol x p 10 habitat of ? somewhat pyriformly towards the base, recurved, transversely very closely elevately striated, decussated effused: with faint brownish squares above the columella, Hab Shell thickened, strongly crenately ridged within, but little parum alba, interdum fulvescente, supra columellani "he striated Cassidaria ovate, lips apicem decussalis, spira suturu excavatis, towards the apex with longitu- An which extremely I am rare shell, concerning tiie unable to procure any information — MONOGRAPH N (J? THE GENUS I S C Under the salt waves bright and On moss and Lies many sand and I A cleai' soft sea-weed, a gift of ocean rare Freilic/ratli 0///.nra, f 'IB •.; •: I rtiit}, 11 J N Genus Oxiscia, Testa oblongo-ovata, hrevi, basi I latias/m' ad spiram ttsque extensd, labro di'uticiihifo, iiwrassato, pleiiimgiie Shell oblong-ovate, emarginated spu'c sometimes columellari labro externa medio subcoarctato little recurved at acuminated, sometimes and a of Shells, Oniscia, f Strombus oniscus, Linnajus mb- et (jranulato, dilatato-reflem A C^ I Sowerby, Genera Soicerhij emarginata, nunc acuminata, nunc depresM, aperturd elongatil, angmtd, S Eadem Hub Jamaica The Gosse ; sli.ll s(l,M-ted \L to uliiili wliiir Till' Strombus Lamarckii, Deshayes var for illustration is the pink-lip variety -liayes has given the |i( \ariiiu's are usually name Lamarckii of smaller dimensions, but the characters are in aU respects the same depressed, aperture elongated, narrow, extending as far as the spire, columellar lip very reflected and granulated, outer broadly dilately lip denticulated, Species i (Mus Cuming.) thickened, generally sUglitly contracted in the middle Strombiformis Onisci.\ The genus • Otdscia founded by Mr Sowerby his in Genera of Shells' on the Linnaean Strombus oniscus {Cassi- perne angulatis, daria oniscus, Lamarck) has been universally adopted, as They were China Seas, and their importance has been fully rufo-fusco miicnluld I'f The OuiscifP are closely related to confirmed more The outer known the localities of with lip is with a short interrupted ridge ridges, interstices from Reeve, the Western, two from the Eastern world p (Mus Cuming.) Oitisc testa the Pro Zool Soc, 1812 p 91 Conch Syst vol 310.pl 353 ; f ii Dyson Distinguished from the preceeding species by Species oniscus in white, spotted and dotted with red brown, ; Hab Honduras Onisci.\ encolu- ridges, lips white Oniscice three are tlie tri- mellar lip minutely granidated, outer lip denticulated also peculiar in being denticulated within Of many narrow nodulous circled with and remarkably distinguished by elaborate sculpture, alba, ; somewhat apex, whorls angidated round the upper part, solid growth, with a wide-spread dilation of the columellar Shell angularly pear-shaped, spire elevated, pointed at the the Camidari/c, but more cinctis, hdiris albis piiiictiilii, The stkombvs-shaped Oniscia by the discovery of several interesting new species are uniformly of smaller size, of lini lim-i inlcrriip/ii lnh-rreidente denticulato, remarked on the first appearance of the well-known Oniscia cancellata of the numerosis angustis nodosis costis labro columdlari hiinuli- ijraiuihito, labro e.derno tirato- representing a very characteristic and well-defined assem- blage of characters Onisc testa subtriyono-pyri- formi, spird elevatd, apice mucronatd, anfractibus su- its sUghter growth, more elevated spire, and finely nodided narrow ollongo-ovatd, crassu, apice mine oblusd, nunc mucronatd, costis fribiis vet quatuor tuberculatis cinctd, tuberculis titis, iiili-nlidit hipar- Species labro iucrassato, tumido, liris iii/rrriiptix in-niii- laribits intus deutictdato albidd, ; niKvidix jH'rpmn'i'i OiNlsciA ExauisiTA punctisqtte numerosis ca/'uleo-niffris aut fuscis aspersd, labris interdum albis, encircled with three or fom- tuberculated ribs, divided into two, lip whitish, sprinkled lips superne concavo-depressis, columellari late expanse, granulis valde irrcijiilarihiis, Inbro liris brcribns tu- thickened, with a few spots and numerous dots of brown or blue-black, anfractibus intervenii'nte, labro sometimes externo hicrassatim refkxo, ilcntiformibus irregulariter mtmito albidd, aiirautio-fusco hie illic sparsim punctata et swollen, denticulated within with irregular interrupted ridges; acuta, tuberculis papiUaribus tmdique cingulatis, lira obseurd Shell oblong-ovate, thick, sometimes obtuse, sometimes pointed at the apex, bercles sometimes brevi, interdum eximie rosaceis The wood-louse Oniscia (Mus Dennison.) Onisc testa subtrigono-ovatd, spird ; pone labrum trimaculatd, labris pallide purpureo-rosaceis, apice rufo The exquisite Oniscia white, sometimes delicate pink Shell somewhat triangularly ovate, spire short, sharp, whorls concavely depresssed, August, 18-19 ; ONISCIA.— Pl.vtf eiicirded throughout with papillary tubercles, with obscure ridge interveiiiug, eolumellar ati furnished reflected, with short lip dentiform whitish, sparingly dotted, and, behind the ridges lip, three- intus dentictdalo coarctato, thick, spire apex red flattened, pointed at fig 3, a and Zool Voy Samarang, Moll pi tuberculated, interstices faintly finely gi-anulated, outer lip contracted in the middle, denticulated within ; deep black, dotted irregularly with white, interior of the aperture white, sometimes bright saffron Belcher ; apex, whorls five-ribbed, the ridged, eolumellar lip sixteen to twenty fathoms) oblong, Shell cylindrically sometimes convex, sometimes depressly rather distant, ribs h Hab Sooloo Archipelago (outside a coral reef near the city of Sooloo, in sandy mud at the depth of from Sowerby, Genera The irregu- vivide croced The tubercled Oniscia spotted with orange-brown, lips light pm-ple-pink, Adams and Beeve, medio intense nigra, ; apertures Jance alba, interdum albipunctaid, lariter granidato, externo exiliter coltimellari labro broadly outer lip thickly expanded, gramdcs very irregular, I of Shells, Oniscia, p Reeve, Conch surface of this very characteristic species, collected Syst vol by Captain Sir Edward Belcher during the voyage of the Samarang, covered with papillary tubercles in rows of is Sab Kg a water) ; 211, p ii pi 253, Gallapagos Island Cuming Fig f to (in clefts of b rocks at low Gulf of California about ten, the same number longitudinally as transversely livid purplish Of outer Ups are delicately enamelled of a The eolumellar and the two specimens here figiu-ed from Mr Cuming's granulated, the spire ture Species (Mus Cuming.) Oniscia cancellata but indistinctly collection, that represented at Fig a is pink colour of bright sented at Fig testa oUongo-ovatd, Otiisc is had attemiatd, plus minusve pyriformi, spird eleoatittsctdd, is is depressly flattened, and the aper- b, the spire no indication of colour are In the specimen repre- safii-on colour eonvexly raised, and there is The granules in the apertm'e numerous, but extremely superficial acuta, anfractitms superne rotundatis, longitudinaliter compresse plicatk, costis tramveisim nnmerom angustis crenulatis ad juncturas squamatk, cancellatis, costis labro columdlari fortiter granulato, Species (Mus Dennison.) Oniscia Dennisoni Onisc testa trigono-ovatd, spird externo fortiter acuta, anfractibtis superne angulatis, longitndinaliter dentato ; albidd aiitfuscescente-alid,fuscotrifasciatd The cancellated Oniscia compresse plicatis, costis numerosis angitstis cancellatis, Shell oblong-ovate, atten- uated at the base, more or less pear-shaped, spire ad juncturas squamatis, costis expan-so, labro coltimellari late minute granulato, externo liris subirregularibus rather elevated, sharp, whorls rounded at the upper dentictdalo albidd, fusco subobscure tri-qtiadrifasciatd, ; part, longitudinally eompressly plicated, cancellated transversly with intense columellari labro numerous narrow crenulated granulis sangidneo-rutilo, ribs, albidis, labro externo rufescente, liris, albidis ribs squaniate at the crossing, eolumellar lip strongly granulated, outer Up strongly toothed ; Dennison's Oniscia whitish or sharp, whorls angled brownish white, encircled with three brown bands SowERBY, Genera of f round the upper narrow China Seas cancellata of with which it Lamarck is ribs, numerous which are squamate at the crossing, mellar lip — p Oniscia tuberculosa Mus Cuming.) Hab Onisc testa cylindraceo-oblongd nunc convexd, nunc depresso-pland, apice 211 iiregular ridges; granules whitish, able on columella liralis Zool Soe., 1842 p 21 pi 253 f and Conch Syst vol ii 15 ? This species approaches very closely in form and detail distantibus, interstitiis subtiliter deep blood-red, of sculpture to the cancellata, but acnte mueronatd, aufractilius quinquecostatis, costis subtuberculatis, very outer lip light red, with the ridges whitish Reeve, Pro A, somewhat whitish, rather obscurely three- or four-banded, eolu- fossil a difl'erent species from has been usually identified Species (Fig a and crassd, spird spire part, longitudi- eolumellar lip broadly expanded, minutely granulated, outer lip denticulated with this, ovate, to According to the testimony of M Deshayes, the Camdaria triangularly nally eompressly plicated, cancellated with Shells, Onkcia, Cassidaria cancellata, Kiener (not of Lamarck) liab Shell is especially remark- account of the intensely red colouring of the MONOGRAPH OF THE GENUS E B U R N A Now is it pleasant in the summer eve, When a broad shore retiring waters leave saud, Awhile to wait upon the firm fair When aU is calm at sea, aU still on laud explore.— CVaWf there the ocean's produce to And J'Jh !.\^piLLARY forated, spire raised, aperturd viiniiUvulatis, iirufiititVi- siiluris The testil Shell ovately conoid, umbilicated, papillary at oblongo-conoklcd, sii/i- apex, sutures simple, smooth, very slightly depressed the upper part whitish, encircled with ; close-set semilunar or imperforatil, spird elevatd, apice papillaris suturis the whorls convex, interstices at two rows of oblong fulvous bay spots, the between which are marked with Mumerou- small spots ranging diagouidly ; EBURNA.— Plate pi 271 Japan ffab Allied and Zool Pro iii:r.\E, less painting 1842, Soc Conch ; Syst Hub Mindanao, Philippines Isle of Dr Siebold form to Very Zeylanica, but less umbilicatL'd, A' whilst the de sharply acuminated; of the Ebukna abstralis (Mus Cuming.) Ebiirn spird breviusculd, testa, suluris leviter sulcata, sulcis quinque; ovatd, imperforala, depresso-cmmliculatis, late quinque ml maculis lutescente-albidd, fuscisjuxta sttturas, perparicis The southern Ebukna sex, delude sulco grandibus rufu- minoriius infra Shell ovate, its smaller size, darker colour, and more with nelled, sculptm-ed at the base or six light five then with a single rather deep one, above gi-ooves, striated with fine punctures, whorls five in number yellowish white, with a row of red-brown spots next Illustrations, f ; channelled, scarcely angidated slightly with rows of large circled waved reddish-chestnut Lamarck, Anim The upon the M Deshayes goes two shell in 25 and Eburna, f 5.), suiting the configui'ation of the columella in each instance is not the case Cancellaria spirata and the tliree-plaited are Such two veiy Eburna distinct shells, the latter being of The aiisfralis more solid growth, smooth towards the apex, and furnished with an arched callous columella, characteristic of the genus to which it but the whorl, by the superposition last other so far as to say Sowerby has represented the same to the character of the genus var., Bruguiere spots are disposed in three rows, the lowest being all f white, en- Swainson tessellata, concealed in be identical ; oblong-square slightly spots sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol x p 23.5 Buccinum spiratum of one whorl to Shell ovately ventricose, and largely umbiMcated, convex, smooth, obtusely depressed round the upper part, been confounded by many places (Conch Illus Cancellaria, convexis, longo-quadratiis subundatis seriatim ciiictd The square-spotted Eburna authors with the Cancellaria spirata of Lamarck, bcUeviug australis has umbilicatd, albd, macnlis rufo-ca,staneis graiidibus ob- Hub Ceylon Australia The Eburna testa ovato-ventricosd, spird ampliter et lavibus, superne obtuse depresses, stchcanaliciilatis, vix angulatis Eburna the sutures, and a very few smaller ones beneatli SovvERBY, Conch Ebum profundi elevatd, (Mus Cuming.) spu-e elevated, deeply imperforated, spire rather short, sutures broadly depressly chan- that Mr at the closely clouded spots Eburna abeolata unico suipro/mido, supra punctato-striatd, anfractihis them nmd closely allied to the E spirata, but always readily distinguished by Species ffab sandy very characteristic Species hmi (in depth of twelve fathoms); Cuming f ; in is 200 p has been referred in the absence of any more suitable place Species (Mus Cuming.) Eburna Eburn testa ovatd, parum umbilicatd, spirata spird acutd, suturis profundi canaliculatis, anfractibus subplano-convexia ; albd, fulvescente-spadiceo viaculatd, maculis medianis minoribus, apice cdBrideo-uigricante The spiral Eburna Shell ovate, but little umbilicated, spire sharp, sutures deeply channelled, whorls rather flatly convex ; white, spotted mth fulvous bay, middle spots the smaller, apex bluish black Lamarck, Anim sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol x p 234 interesting variety of this well-known species was Buccinum, spiratum, Linnaeus Species Kburna ambulacrum Uab Ceylon (Mus Cuming.) Eburn testa ovatd, umbilicatd, An Philippines spira Huturis profundi canaliculalis, anfractibus sub- collected plano-convexis, the spots were smaller and of creberrime lavibus maculatd et ; albidd, fuscescente-spadiceo nclmlato-tiiictd, apici; during the voyage of the Samarang, in which much darker coloui' niyri- cante The gallery Eburna convex, smooth ; whitish, very closely spotted and clouded with brownish bay, ape.\ blackish Sowerby, Species Shell ovate, umbilicatcd, sutures of the spire deeply channelled, whorls rather flatly Tankerville Catalogue, App p xxii Eburna Zeylanica et (Mus Cuming.) Eburn testa ovato-cotiicd, profundi ampliter umbilicatd, spird acuminatd, suturis nun- quam gatis ; canaliculatis, anfractibus convexo-declivibus, lavialia, maculis grandibus simtalis fuho-spadicek EBURNA.— Plate infra suiuras, maculis ovatis umbiliro violascente, apice nigricante The Ceylon Eburna Species (Mus Cuming.) Ebukna Valentiana and Shell ovately conic, ilceply channelled, whorls convexly slanting, smooth ; painted beneath the sutures with large sinuated violet, same colour, umbilicus funde canaliculatk, apice white, tinged lavibus ful- vous-bay blotches, in the middle with smaller oval sans vert (Deshayes' edit.) vol x p 333 perforated, spire channelled, apex longitudinally sinuated Swainson, Zoological its regidar conical growth, without the sutures being in any degree caualiculated Shell globose, rather thick, impeculiarly sharp, sunk, deeply sutures whorls rounded, smooth ; white, painted with fulvous-bay spots, promiscuously Bucciinnu Zaylanicum, Bruguiere Distinguished by suturis pro- anfractibus rotundatis, tudinaliter miuatis et undatis, pictd with Hab Ceylon ; aciito, albd, maculis fulvo-spadiceis, promiictM tongi- Valentia's Eburna apex blackish Lamarck, Anim Ebttrn testa globoid, crassiuscidd, imperforatd, spird peculiarittr demend, largely umbilicated, spire acuminated, sutures never spots of the T mvioribus medio pictd, and waved Illustrations, vol iii pi 14-1 Hah Red Sea A very distinct species, Valentia, afterwards Earl of named Mount in honour Norris of Lord