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Bài tập ĐỌC HIỂU ĐIỀN TỪ EXERCISE 1: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to Ever since it was first possible to make a real robot, people have been hoping for the invention of a machine that would all the necessary jobs around the house If boring and repetitive factory work could be (1) _ by robots, why not boring and repetitive household chores too? For a long time the only people who really gave the problem their attention were amateur inventors And they came up against a major difficulty That is housework is (2) _ very complex It has never been one job, it has always been many A factory robot carries (3) _ one task endlessly until it is reprogrammed to something else It doesn't run the whole factory A housework robot, on the other hand, has to several different types of cleaning and carrying jobs and also has to cope with all the different shapes and positions of rooms, furniture, ornaments, cats and dogs (4) _, there have been some developments recently Sensors are available to help the robot locate objects and avoid obstacles We have the technology to produce the hardware All that is missing is the software - the programs (5) _ will operate the machine Question 1: A: managed B: made C: succeeded D: given Question 2: A: actually B: likely C: seriously D: hardly Question 3: A: away B: out C: over D: off Question 4: A: Moreover B: However C: Although D: Besides Question 5: A: who B: what C: that D: where EXERCISE 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to When we moved to our new house near the sea, I was eight years old Even before that I had spent every summer messing about on boats My dad had taught me to sail before I learnt to ride a bike so I knew how I wanted to spend my time at the new house- I was going to get my own boat and sail it everyday The house was only a few metres from the water’s edge, and in rough weather the waves would come crashing into the front garden I used to sit with my nose pressed to the glass, fascinated by the power of the ocean I grew up watching the skies to see if it was going to rain; would I be going sailing that afternoon or not? Of course I sometimes wished I could live in the town like my friends I used to get irritated with my parents, who had taken early retirement because they seemed incapable of getting anywhere on time Dad drove me the eight miles to school everyday, but I was often late because he had been walking on the cliffs earlier in the morning and had lost track of time When I was taking my university entrance exams, I used to stay over at a friend’s in town, just in case All in all, I was lucky to grow up by the sea and I still love to sail Question 1: At the age of eight, the writer’s house was A in the town B by the sea C on boat D under the mountain Question 2: The word “rough” is closest in meaning to _ A careful B forceful C easy D mild Question 3: The writer’s father retired early because A he walked on the cliffs every morning B he lost rack of time C he had to drive his kid to school everyday D he was unable to get anywhere on time Question 4: The following are true EXCEPT _ A the waves came crashing into the writer’s front garden in bad weather B the writer moved to a new house when he was C the writer didn’t know how to sail D the distance from the writer’s house to school was miles Question 5: Growing up by the sea, the writer felt A unlucky B irritated C excited D lucky Question 6: The writer learnt to sail _ A before learning to ride a bike B when his family moved to a new house C before going to school D When he/ she was eight Question 7: When taking the university entrance exams _, A the writer’s family moved to a new house by the sea B the writer had to live in a friend’s house C the weather was terrible D the writer’s father drove him/ her to university EXERCISE 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to Not very long ago, when people needed to find a job, there were several possible steps They might begin with a look through the classified ads in the newspaper They could go to the personne office at various companies and fill out an application, or they could go to an employment agency They could even find out about a job opening through word-of-mouth - from another person who had heard about it These days, job hunting is more complicated The first step is to determine what kind of job you want (which sounds easier than it is) and make sure that you have the right education for it Rapid changes in technology and science are creating many professions that never existed until recently It is important to learn about them because one might be the perfect profession for you The fastestgrowing areas for new jobs are in computer technology and health services Jobs in these fields usually require specific skills, but you need to find out exactly which skills and which degrees are necessary For example, it may be surprising to learn that in the sciences, an M.S is more marketable than a Ph.D! In other words, there are more jobs available for people with a Master of Science degree than for people with a doctorate (However, people who want to research still need a Ph.D.) How people learn about “hot” new professions? How they discover their “dream job”? Many people these days go to a career counselor In some countries, job hopping has become so common that career counseling is now “big business” People sometimes send large amounts of money for this advice In Canada, and the United Nations, high school and college students often have access to free vocational counseling service on campus There is even a career organization, the Five O’Clock Club, which helps members to set goals Members focus on this question: what sort of person you want to be years from now? The members then plan their careers around that goal All career counselors – private or public – agree on one basic point: it is important for people to find a career that they love Everyone should be able to think, “I’m having such a good time I can’t believe they’re paying me to this.” (Adapted from “Interactions Reading”, Pamela Hartmann & Elaine Kirn, Mc Graw Hill) Question 1: The phrase “through word-of-mouth” in the first paragraph probably means _ A via phone B visually C in person D orally Question 2: According to the second paragraph, why is it important for us to learn about various professions? A since more jobs are available for people with a Master of Science degree B as technological advances have created new professions C because jobs in computer technology and health services are popular D so as not to miss the profession that is perfect for us Question 3: Why does the author mention the steps of job hunting in the past in the first paragraph? A To define the process of job hunting B To indicate that the process of job hunting stays the same over time C To emphasize that job hunting is becoming more complex at present D To explain the importance of a job opening Question 4: According to the last paragraph, career counseling is now a “big business” due to A the increasing popularity of job hunting B the large amount of money of job advice C the appearance of “hot” new professions D the discovery of “dream jobs” Question 5: The word “marketable” as used in the second paragraph could be best replaced by A wanted B well-paid C beneficial D profitable Question 6: The word “them” in the second paragraph refers to A degrees B skills C areas D professions Question 7: According to the second paragraph, all of the following steps are mentioned in job hunting today EXCEPT _ A getting information about necessary skills or degrees B doing a Ph.D degree C deciding on a profession D learning about different professions Question 8: It can be inferred from the passage that what determines one’s success in job hunting is _ A his or her degrees or skills B his or her choices of employment agencies C discovery of his or her own dream job D his or her career counselors EXERCISE 4: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to The Town of Aylesbury Aylesbury is a bustling market town whose modern shopping facilities include the recently opened Friars Square shopping centre The market has been an (1) part of Aylesbury life since they early 13th century Nowadays, regular markets are held on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays The town has a (2) and varied history, many clues to which can be seen in the conversation are to the north of the market square In this area (3) the 15Ih century King's Head Public House which over the years has played host to many famous names These have included King Henry Will, who regularly visited the Inn whilst courting Anne Boleyn and Oliver Cromwell, on his visit to Aylesbury in 1651 Now a National Trust property, the King's Head is at present undergoing extensive refurbishments to (4) the building to its former glory and is expected to re-open in the autumn Other (5) buildings in the conversation area include the Saxon Church of St Mary and the Buckingharnshire County Museum Question A expensive B essential C expected D impossible Question A poor B nearby C Perfect D rich Question A lives B happens C stands D shows Question A restore B refresh C Recall D remind Question A reliable B annual C Excitable D notable EXERCISE 5: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to Birds that feet in flocks commonly retire together into roosts The reasons for roosting communally are not always obvious, but there are some likely benefits In winter especially, it is important for birds to keep warm at night and conserve precious food reserves One way to this is to find a sheltered, roost Solitary roosters shelter indense vegetation or enter a cavity - horned larks dig holes in the ground and ptarmigan burrow into snow banks - but the effect of sheltering is magnified by several birds huddling together in the roosts, as wrens, swifts, brown creepers, bluebirds, and anis Body contact reduces the surface area exposed to the cold air, so the birds keep each other warm Two kinglets huddling together were found to reduce their heat losses by a quarter, and three together saved a third of their heat The second possible benefit of communal roosts is that they act as "information centers” During the day, parties of birds will have spread out to feed over a very large area When they return in the evening some will have fed well, but others may have found little to eat Some investigators have observed that when the birds set out again next morning, those birds that did not feed well on the previous day appear to follow those that did The behavior of common and lesser kestrels may illustrate different feeding behaviors of similar birds with different roosting habits The common kestrel hunts vertebrate animals in a small, familiar hunting ground, whereas the very similar lesser kestrel feeds on insects over a large area The common kestrel roosts and hunts alone, but the lesser kestrel roosts and hunts in flocks, possibly so one bird can learn from others where to find insect swarms Finally, there is safety in numbers at communal roosts since there will always be a few birds awake at any given moment to give the alarm But this increased protection is partially counteracted by the fact that mass roosts attract predators and are especially vulnerable if they are on the ground Even those in trees can be attacked by birds of prey The birds on the edge are at greatest risk since predators find it easier to catch small birds perching at the margins of the roost Question What does the passage mainly discuss? A How birds find and store food B How birds maintain body heat in the winter C Why birds need to establish territory D Why some species of birds nest together Question The word "conserve" is closest in meaning to A retain B watch C Locate D share Question Ptarmigan keep warm in the winter by A building nests in trees B huddling together on the ground with other birds C digging tunnels into the snow D burrowing into dense patches of vegetatiotnir Question The word "magnified" in line is closest in meaning to A combined B caused C modified D intensified Question The author mentions kinglets in line as an example of birds that A nest together for warmth B usually feed and nest in pairs C protect themselves by nesting in holes D nest with other species of birds Question Which of the following statements about lesser and common kestrels is true? A The common kestrel nests in larger flocks than does the lesser kestrel B The lesser kestrel and the common kestrel have similar diets C The lesser kestrel feeds sociably but the common kestrel does not D The common kestrel nests in trees; the lesser kestrel nests on the ground Question Which of the following is a disadvantage of communal roosts that is mentioned in the passage? A Diseases easily spread among the birds B Food supplies are quickly depleted C Some birds in the group will attack the others D Groups are more attractive to predators than individual birds are Question The word "they" in the third paragraph refers to A a few birds B mass roosts' C predators D trees EXERCISE 6: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to In the American colonies there was little money England did not supply the colonies with coins and it did not allow the colonies to make their own coins, except for the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which received permission for a short period in 1652 to make several kinds of silver coins England wanted to keep money out of America as a means of controlling trade: America was forced to trade only with England if it did not have the money to buy products from other countries The result during this pre-revolutionary period was that the colonists used various goods in place of money: beaver pelts, Indian wampum, and tobacco leaves were all commonly used substitutes for money The colonists also made use of any foreign coins they could obtain Dutch, Spanish, French, and English coins were all in use in the American colonies During the Revolutionary War, funds were needed to finance the world, so each of the individual states and the Continental Congress issued paper money So much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the war, almost no one would accept it As a result, trade in goods and the use of foreign coins still flourished during this period By the time the Revolutionary War had been won by the American colonists, the monetary system was in a state of total disarray To remedy this situation, the new Constitution of the United States, approved in 1789, allowed Congress to issue money The individual states could no longer have their own money supply A few years later, the Coinage Act of 1792 made the dollar the official currency of the United States and put the country on a bimetallic standard In this bimetallic system, both gold and silver were legal money, and the rate of exchange of silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen to one Question The passage mainly discusses A the effect of the Revolution on American money B American money from past to present C the American money system of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries D the English monetary policies in colonial America Question The passage indicates that during the colonial period, money was A used extensively for trade B scarce C supplied by England D coined by colonists Question The word "it" in paragraph refers to which of the following? A The Continental Congress B Trade in goods C The War D Paper money Question The word "remedy" in paragraph is closest in meaning to A resolve B medicate C renew D understand Question How was the monetary system arranged in the Constitution? A The US officially went on a bimetallic monetary system B The dollar was made official currency of the US C Only the US Congress could issue money D Various state governments, including Massachusetts, could issue money Question According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the bimetallic monetary system? A Either gold or silver could be used as official money B It was established in 1792 C Gold could be exchanged for silver at the rate of sixteen to one D The monetary system was based on two matters Question The word "fixed" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A discovered B repaired C valued D Set EXERCISE 7: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from to Television has changed the lifestyle of people in every industrialized country in the world In the United States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made TV, although not essential, has become a(n) (1) part of most people’s lives It has become a babysitter, an initiator of conversations, a major transmitter of culture, and a keeper of traditions Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that TV is not a teacher but a sustainer The poor quality of programs does not elevate people into greater (2) , but rather maintains and encourages the status quo The (3) reason for the lack of quality in American TV is related to both the history of TV development and the economics of TV TV in American began with the radio Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with TV Therefore, the close relationship, which the advertisers had with radio programs, but many actually produced the programs Thus, (4) from the capitalistic, profitoriented sector of American society, TV is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society (5) than innovating and experimenting with new ideas Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible; TV in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago The hope for some evolution and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system Question 1: A integral Question 2: A preconception B mixed C fractional D superior B knowledge C Understanding D feeling Question 3: A adequate B unknown C inexplicable D primary Question 4: A going B leaving C coming D getting Question 5: A more B rather C less D Better EXERCISE 8: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to In the very distant geological past, all animals were aquatic The very first vertebrates or animals with backbones, of which we have any fossil record, lived in water These vertebrates, the fish, were adapted to underwater living Their streamlined bodies were covered with scales to reduce surface friction: they had muscular tails so that they could swim swiftly in such a dense medium as water; and they were endowed with gills for breathing underwater Descendants of fish-type ancestors crossed the seashore barrier and accommodated themselves to life on land As amphibians, they possessed limbs instead of fins and lungs instead of gills But they never became completely free of the bonds that tied them to the water; even today many amphibians return to the water to lay their eggs Millions of years after the first clumsy amphibians crawled over the land, newer types of land dwellers appeared, these animals give rise to the present-day reptiles and mammals They were completely converted for land dwelling, with bodies and biological activities far different from those of fish With these special adaptations, mammals have been able to colonize the woods and meadows, the deserts and high mountains, often far removed from the sea Question 1: Of the animals with backbones, the first to appear were A fish B amphibians C birds D mammals Question 2: Fish are suited to underwater life because of their A Gills B All of the answers C Streamlines shapes D Scales Question 3: The passage suggests that the first amphibians used their limbs to A jump B run C swim D crawl Question 4: The word “descendants” is closest in meaning to A Grandchildren B Ancestors C Descenders D Off spring Question 5: An example of an amphibian’s incomplete adaptation to land life is A need to keep its skin wet B return to water to lay eggs C inability to breathe air D Scales-covered skin Question 6: Animals found desert living possible only A when they were fully adapted to land B after they could walk on two feet C when they became amphibious D if they migrated to sea periodically Question 7: The seashore was a barrier for descendants of fish-type because A crossing it required bodily changes B every attempt to cross it ended in death C the land once rose much higher above the sea D once they crossed, there was no return Question 8: The adaptation process described in the article was completed A By the receding of the sea B Through biological changes C Over millions of years and through biological changes D Over millions of years EXERCISE 9: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from to Some animal behaviorists argue that certain animals can remember past events, anticipate future ones, make plans and choices, and coordinate activities within a group These scientists, however, are cautious about the extent to which animals can be credited with conscious processing Explanations of animal behavior that leave out any sort of consciousness at all and ascribe actions entirely to instinct leave many questions unanswered One example of such unexplained behavior: Honeybees communicate the sources of nectar to one another by doing a dance in a figure-eight pattern The orientation of the dance conveys the position of the food relative to the sun's position in the sky, and the speed of the dance tells how far the food source is from the hive Most researchers assume that the ability to perform and encode the dance is innate and shows no special intelligence But in one study, when experimenters kept changing the site of the food source, each time moving the food 25 percent farther from the previous site, foraging honeybees began to anticipate where the food source would appear next When the researchers arrived at the new location, they would find the bees circling the spot, waiting for their food No one has yet explained how bees, whose brains weigh four tenthousandths of an ounce, could have inferred the location of the new site Other behaviors that may indicate some cognition include tool use Many animals, like the otter who uses a stone to crack mussel shells, are capable of using objects in the natural environment as rudimentary tools One researcher has found that mother chimpanzees occasionally show their young how to use tools to open hard nuts In one study, chimpanzees compared two pairs of food wells containing chocolate chips One pair might contain, say, five chips and three chips, the other our chips and three chips Allowed to choose which pair they wanted, the chimpanzees almost always chose the one with the higher total, showing some sort of summing ability Other chimpanzees have learned to use numerals to label quantities of items and simple sums Question 1: What does the passage mainly discuss? A Observations that suggest consciousness in animal behavior B The use of food in studies of animal behavior C The role of instinct in animal behavior D Differences between the behavior of animals in their natural environments and in laboratory experiments Question 2: Which of the following is NOT discussed as an ability animals are thought to have? A Communicating emotions B Remembering past experiences C Selecting among choices D Anticipating events to come Question 3: What did researchers discover in the study of honeybees discussed in paragraph 2? A Bees are able to travel at greater speeds than scientists thought B The bees were able to determine in advance where scientists would place their food C Changing the location of food caused bees to decrease their dance activity D The bees could travel 25% farther than scientists expected Question 4: It can be inferred from the passage that brain size is assumed to _ A be an indicator of cognitive ability B be related to food consumption C correspond to levels of activity D vary among individuals within a species Question 5: Why are otters and mussel shells included in the discussion in paragraph 3? A To provide that certain species demonstrate greater ability in tool use than other species B To provide an example of tool use among animals C To show that animals are very good at using objects in their habitat D To provide an example of the use of weapons among animals Question 6: The word “rudimentary” is closest in meaning to _ A technical B basic C superior D original Question 7: Scientists concluded from the experiment with chimpanzees and chocolate chips that chimpanzees A prefer to work in pairs or groups B have difficulty selecting when given choices C lack abilities that other primates have D exhibit behavior that indicates certain mathematical abilities ... shopping centre The market has been an (1) part of Aylesbury life since they early 13 th century Nowadays, regular markets are held on Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays The town has a (2) and varied... visited the Inn whilst courting Anne Boleyn and Oliver Cromwell, on his visit to Aylesbury in 16 51 Now a National Trust property, the King's Head is at present undergoing extensive refurbishments... United States, approved in 17 89, allowed Congress to issue money The individual states could no longer have their own money supply A few years later, the Coinage Act of 17 92 made the dollar the