TEST BANK microbiology a systems approach cowan 3e chapter002

Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Multiple Choice Questions Anything that occupies space and has mass is called A Atomi c B Livin g C Matt er D Energ y E Spac e The electrons of an atom are A Always equal to the number of neutrons in an atom B Found in the nucleus C Used to determine atomic number D Positively charged E Moving in pathways called orbitals The electrons of an atom are A Always equal to the number of protons B Used to determine the atomic weight C Carrying a positive charge D Used to determine the atomic number E Always in full orbitals All of the following pertain to the atom carbon-14 except A Has protons B Has electrons C Has 14 neutrons D Is an isotope of carbon E All of the choices pertain to carbon-14 The subatomic particles that surround the nucleus are the A Electron s B Proton s C Neutron s D Protons and neutrons E Protons and electrons Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in their A Neutron number B Electron number C Proton number D Atomic number E Chemical properties What is the maximum number of electrons in the second energy shell of an atom? A B C D E What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy shell of an atom? A B C D E Protons and neutrons make up the atom's central core referred to as its A Valence number B Isotop e C Nucleu s D Center of gravity E None of the choices are correct 10 The valence number is the A Number of protons B Number of neutrons C Atomic weight D Number of inner most electrons E Number of outer most electrons 11 Two or more atoms bonded together are called a/an A Io n B Isotop e C Eleme nt D Electroly te E Molecul e 12 What would be the valence number of electrons in the sulfur (S) atom? A B C D E 13 Polar molecules are composed of covalently bonded A Identical atoms B Carbon atoms C Ion s D Atoms of different electro negativity E Atoms of identical electro negativity 14 Polar molecules A Have an equal charge distribution B Have an unequal charge distribution C Are insoluble in water D Always contain carbon E Always involve oxygen 15 Covalent bonds A Result from losing electrons B Are always polar C Are always nonpolar D Result from sharing electrons E Result from gaining electrons 16 Cations are a(n) A Charged subatomic particles B Atoms that have gained electrons C Atoms that have gained neutrons D Capable of forming ionic bonds with anions E Atoms without protons 17 A reaction where an electron is lost is called A Oxidatio n B Reductio n C Ionizatio n D Decompositi on E Dissoluti on 18 An atom has gained an electron It has been A Oxidize d B Reduce d C Ionize d D Deionize d E Neutraliz ed 19 Ionic bonds A Result from sharing electrons B Result from transferring electrons C Results from like charge attraction D Are the weakest chemical bonds E Always involve carbon 20 Hydrogen bonds A Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar covalent bonds B Result from attractive forces between molecules with polar ionic bonds C Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar covalent bonds D Result from attractive forces between molecules with non-polar ionic bonds E Are the strongest bonds between molecules 21 Atoms that gain or lose electrons become charged particles called A Cation s B Anion s C Ion s D Isotope s E All of the choices are correct 22 Substances that release ions when dissolved in water and conduct electricity are A Covale nt B Nonpol ar C Electron s D Electrolyt es E Solvent s 23 Which of the following represents a synthesis reaction? A AB ® A + B B A + B ® AB C AB + XY ® AX + BY D AB + XY « AX + BY E None of the choices are correct 24 Which of the following represents a reversible reaction? A AB ® A + B B A + B ® AB C AB + XY ® AX + BY D AB + XY « AX + BY E None of the choices are correct 25 The important solvent associated with living things is A Carbon dioxide B Sodium chloride C Ethyl alcohol D Benzen e E Wate r 26 Ionic compounds are A Hydrophob ic B Hydrophil ic C Are acidic in solution D Are basic in solution E Always form salts in solution 27 A solution is composed of one or more substances called _ that are uniformly dispersed in a dissolving medium called a _ A Solvent, solute B Solute, solvent C Neither solvent, solute nor solute, solvent D Both solvent, solute and solute, solvent 28 Which term does not belong in this list? A Lactic acid B Vinega r C Hydrogen ion donor D PH E Acidi c 29 A solution of pH compared to a solution of pH A Is more basic B Has no OHions C Has more H+ ions D Has a higher pH E All of the choices are correct 30 A solution of pH compared to a solution of pH A times more acidic B 20 times more acidic C 20 times more basic D 100 times more acidic E 100 times more basic 31 Which of the following functional groups is mismatched to the organic compound? A Phosphatecarbohydrates B Sulfhydrylproteins C Aminoproteins D Hydroxylalcohols E Carboxyl-fatty acids 71 Th e m os t im po rta nt ou tc o m e of po ly pe pti de int rach n bo nd in g an d fol di ng is th e un iq ue sh ap e of th e pr ot ei n TR UE Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 2.0 Expl ain pri mar y Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: sec ond ary Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: terti ary and qua tern ary stru ctur e as see n in prot eins 72 Nu cle ic aci ds ve pri m ar y, se co nd ar y, ter tia ry an d qu at er na ry lev els of or ga niz ati on FA LS E Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 2.0 Expl ain pri mar y Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: 2.0 Na me the nucl eoti des of DN A and of RNA Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: sec ond ary Lea rnin g Obj ecti ve: terti ary and qua tern ary stru ctur e as see n in prot eins Chapter 002 The Chemistry of Biology Summary Ca te go ry # of Qu est ion s Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Ex pl nt he rel ati on shi p be tw ee n at o m s an d el e m en ts Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Ex pl nt he rel ati on shi p be tw ee n at o m s an d el e m en ts Le 11 ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Lis ta nd de fin e 4t yp es of ch e mi ca lb on ds Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Di ffe re nti at e be tw ee n a sol ut e an d a sol ve nt Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Gi ve a bri ef de fin iti on of pH Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Gi ve a bri ef de fin iti on of pH Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Na m et he m nf a mi lie s of bi och e mi ca ls Le 11 ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Na m et he m nf a mi lie s of bi oc he mi ca ls Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Pr ov id e ex a m pl es of ce ll c o m po ne nt s m ad ef ro m ea ch of th ef a mi lie s of bi och e mi ca ls Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Pr ov id e ex a m pl es of ce ll c o m po ne nt s m ad ef ro m ea ch of th ef a mi lie s of bi oc he mi ca ls Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Pr ov id e ex a m pl es of ce ll c o m po ne nt s m ad ef ro m ea ch of th ef a mi lie s of bi oc he mi ca ls Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Ex pl n pri m ar y Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Lis tt he co m po ne nt s of nu cl ei c ac id s Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Na m et he nu cl eo tid es of D NA an d of R NA Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Na m et he nu cl eo tid es of D NA an d R NA Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 Lis tt he co m po ne nt s of AT P Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :2 1 Po int ou t3 ch ar ac ter ist ics all ce lls sh ar e Le 17 ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :n on e Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :s ec on da ry Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :t ert iar y an d qu at er na ry str uc tur e as se en in pr ot ei ns Le ar ni ng Ob je cti ve :t ert iar y an d qu at er na ry str uc tur e as se en in pr ot ei ns ... unequal charge distribution C Are insoluble in water D Always contain carbon E Always involve oxygen 15 Covalent bonds A Result from losing electrons B Are always polar C Are always nonpolar D... Result from sharing electrons E Result from gaining electrons 16 Cations are a( n) A Charged subatomic particles B Atoms that have gained electrons C Atoms that have gained neutrons D Capable of forming... bonded A Identical atoms B Carbon atoms C Ion s D Atoms of different electro negativity E Atoms of identical electro negativity 14 Polar molecules A Have an equal charge distribution B Have an unequal