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The 15th Vietnam National Congress of Cardiology, Oct 9, 2016 Pulmonary Hypertension in Congenital Heart Diseases: Treat and Repair Approach Clinical Pharmacy Kobe Pharmaceutical University Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine Noriaki Emoto, M.D., Ph.D PAH in ASD patients PAH may occur in up to 5% to 10% of adult patients with an untreated ASD Closure of the septal defect for such patients had been contraindicated because the closure may induce further elevation of PH and reduction of cardiac output Clinical Classification of CHD-PAH Eisenmenger’s syndrome PAH associated with prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary shunt • Correctable • Non-correctable PAH with small/coincidental defects PAH after defect correction 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension Correction of CHD with prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary shunt Recommendations Class Level PVRI PVR Correctable (WU・ m2) (WU) 8 > 4.6 No Ⅱa C 4-8 2.3-4.6 Individual patient evaluation in tertiary centers Ⅱa C 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension Correction of CHD with prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary shunt Recommendations Class Level PVRI PVR Correctable (WU・ m2) (WU) 8 > 4.6 No Ⅱa C 4-8 2.3-4.6 Individual patient evaluation in tertiary centers Ⅱa C No clear criteria is available! 2015 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension Treat and Repair Case Case 34 yr Female Case:34 y.o Female The patient is a 34-year-old woman with a chief complaint of syncope and severe shortness of breath The patient was in her good health until three months prior to admission She presented with a worsening of exertional dyspnea, exertional syncope, and bilateral lower limb edema She had never been pointed out cardiac disease in the past and successfully underwent pregnancies and normal vaginal deliveries Taniguchi Y., Emoto N., et al Heart Vessels 2014, 29: 282-285 Case:34 y.o Female Chest X-ray CTR 55% ECG HR 72 bpm Taniguchi Y., Emoto N., et al Heart Vessels 2014, 29: 282-285 TTE ASD + severe PH TR PR severe: TR-PG 103 moderate: PR-PG 19 estimated PAP 113/29 mmHg RA/RV dilatation ASD (Secundum) defect=15 mm x 13.5 mm L→R shunt (++) R→L shunt (+) Qp/Qs = 1.1 Taniguchi Y., Emoto N., et al Heart Vessels 2014, 29: 282-285 Diagnosis? Eisenmenger’s syndrome PAH associated with prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary shunt • Correctable • Non-correctable PAH with small/coincidental defects PAH after defect correction 背景 ・肺高血圧症はASD患者の重要な予後規定因子であり、肺高血圧発症を早期に診断 することは予後改善に重要である。 JACC 2011;58:538-46 Heart 2007;93:682-687 ・これまで肺高血圧発症リスク因子として欠損孔サイズ・年齢・遺伝的素因が挙げら れているが、異なる医療環境間でのリスク因子比較の報告はない。 <これまでに報告されている肺高血圧発症リスク因子> Pakistan: China: Belgium: Norway 年齢, 欠損孔サイズ(not gender) 年齢, 欠損孔サイズ, 標高 (not gender) 根治術導入時年齢(PAH after ASD closure) BMPR2 mutation Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011; 59(5),:281-6 Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2012;40(10):874-7 Int J Cardiol 2014, 176(3):833-40 Scand Cariovasc J 2010;44(6):331-6 目的 ・学校心臓検診システムが整備された日本と未整備なインドネシアにおける 成人未根治ASD患者の肺高血圧合併率を疫学的に比較調査する。 ・肺高血圧発症に対する年齢・欠損孔サイズ・性別のリスク要因を両国で 比較評価する。 解析方法 対象患者: 右心カテーテルにて血行動態評価を行ったASD患者 ガジャマダ大学 2013年~2015年4月 144人のASD患者 神戸大学 vs 2000年~2015年4月 163人のASD患者 ・解析方法: ・診断時の年齢、性別、WHO機能分類、6分間歩行距離 経食道心エコーにより測定した欠損孔サイズ、 右心カテーテルによる血行動態指標を両国間で比較する(t検定)。 ・肺高血圧症発症のリスク因子として年齢、性別、欠損孔サイズの影響 を多変量解析にて両国間比較する。 両国間ASD患者の年齢・性別 ガジャマダ大学 神戸大学 (n=144) (n=163) 女性 (%) 117 (81.3%) 101 (62.0%) 診断時年齢 (歳) 35.3±1.1 58.6±1.4 p-value (unpaired t-test)