Telemark University College Department of Electrical Engineering, Information Technology and Cybernetics Faculty of Technology, Postboks 203, Kjølnes ring 56, N-3901 Porsgrunn, Norway. Tel: +47 35 57 50 00 Fax: +47 35 57 54 01 Introduction to Visual Studio and C# HANS-PETTER HALVORSEN, 2012.08.17 2 Table of Contents 1 Introduction 5 1.1 Visual Studio 5 1.2 C# . 6 1.3 .NET Framework 6 1.4 Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) . 7 2 Visual Studio . 8 2.1 Introduction . Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change Bởi: OpenStaxCollege When people join together, such as these 2011 Egyptian protestors, they are engaging in collective behavior (Photo courtesy of Agent 021/Wikimedia Commons) In January 2011, Egypt erupted in protests against the stifling rule of longtime President Hosni Mubarak The protests were sparked in part by the revolution in Tunisia, and, in turn, they inspired demonstrations throughout the Middle East in Libya, Syria, and beyond This wave of protest movements traveled across national borders and seemed to spread like wildfire There have been countless causes and factors in play in these protests and revolutions, but many have noted the internet-savvy youth of these countries Some believe that the adoption of social technology—from Facebook pages to cell phone cameras—that helped to organize and document the movement contributed directly to the wave of protests called Arab Spring The combination of deep unrest and disruptive technologies meant these social movements were ready to rise up and seek change What Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA), the anti-globalization movement, and the Tea Party have in common? Not much, you might think But although they may be left-wing or right-wing, radical or conservative, highly organized or very diffused, they are all examples of social movements 1/3 Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change Social movements are purposeful, organized groups striving to work toward a common goal These groups might be attempting to create change (Occupy Wall Street, Arab Spring), to resist change (anti-globalization movement), or to provide a political voice to those otherwise disenfranchised (civil rights movements) Social movements, along with technology, social institutions, population, and environmental changes, create social change Consider the effect of the 2010 BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico This disaster exemplifies how a change in the environment, coupled with the use of technology to fix that change, combined with anti-oil sentiment in social movements and social institutions, led to changes in offshore oil drilling policies Subsequently, in an effort to support the Gulf Coast’s rebuilding efforts, new changes occurred From grassroots marketing campaigns that promote consumption of local seafood to municipal governments needing to coordinate with federal cleanups, organizations develop and shift to meet the changing needs of the society Just as we saw with the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, social movements have, throughout history, influenced societal shifts Sociology looks at these moments through the lenses of three major perspectives The functionalist perspective looks at the big picture, focusing on the way that all aspects of society are integral to the continued health and viability of the whole When studying social movements, a functionalist might focus on why social movements develop, why they continue to exist, and what social purposes they serve For example, movements must change their goals as initial aims are met or they risk dissolution Several organizations associated with the anti-polio industry folded after the creation of an effective vaccine that made the disease virtually disappear Can you think of another social movement whose goals were met? What about one whose goals have changed over time? The conflict perspective focuses on the creation and reproduction of inequality Someone applying the conflict perspective would likely be interested in how social movements are generated through systematic inequality, and how social change is constant, speedy, and unavoidable In fact, the conflict that this perspective sees as inherent in social relations drives social change For example, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was founded in 1908 Partly created in response to the horrific lynchings occurring in the southern United States, the organization fought to secure the constitutional rights guaranteed in the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, which established an end to slavery, equal protection under the law, and universal male suffrage (NAACP 2011) While those goals have been achieved, the organization remains active today, continuing to fight against inequalities in civil rights and to remedy discriminatory practices The symbolic interaction perspective studies the day-to-day interaction of social movements, the meanings individuals attach to involvement in such movements, and 2/3 Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change the individual experience of social change An interactionist studying social movements might address social movement norms and tactics as well as individual motivations For example, social movements might be generated through a feeling of deprivation or discontent, but people might actually join social movements for a variety of ... Embedded Systems Design: An Introduction to Processes, Tools, and Techniques by Arnold S. Berger ISBN: 1578200733 CMP Books © 2002 (237 pages) An easy-to-understand guidebook for those embarking upon an embedded processor development project. Table of Contents Embedded Systems Design—An Introduction to Processes, Tools, and Techniques Preface Introduction Chapter 1 - The Embedded Design Life Cycle Chapter 2 - The Selection Process Chapter 3 - The Partitioning Decision Chapter 4 - The Development Environment Chapter 5 - Special Software Techniques Chapter 6 - A Basic Toolset Chapter 7 - BDM, JTAG, and Nexus Chapter 8 - The ICE — An Integrated Solution Chapter 9 - Testing Chapter 10 - The Future Index List of Figures List of Tables List of Listings List of Sidebars TEAMFLY Team-Fly ® Embedded Systems Design—An Introduction to Processes, Tools, and Techniques Arnold Berger CMP Books CMP Media LLC 1601 West 23rd Street, Suite 200 Lawrence, Kansas 66046 USA www.cmpbooks.com Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. In all instances where CMP Books is aware of a trademark claim, the product name appears in initial capital letters, in all capital letters, or in accordance with the vendor’s capitalization preference. Readers should contact the appropriate companies for more complete information on trademarks and trademark registrations. All trademarks and registered trademarks in this book are the property of their respective holders. Copyright © 2002 by CMP Books, except where noted otherwise. Published by CMP Books, CMP Media LLC. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher; with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. The programs in this book are presented for instructional value. The programs have been carefully tested, but are not guaranteed for any particular purpose. The publisher does not offer any warranties and does not guarantee the accuracy, adequacy, or completeness of any information herein and is not responsible for any errors or omissions. The publisher assumes no liability for damages resulting from the use of the information in this book or for any infringement of the intellectual property rights of third parties that would result from the use of this information. Developmental Editor: Robert Ward Editors: Matt McDonald, Julie McNamee, Rita Sooby, and Catherine Janzen Layout Production: Justin Fulmer, Rita Sooby, and Michelle O’Neal Managing Editor: Michelle O’Neal Cover Art Design: Robert Ward Distributed in the U.S. and Canada by: Publishers Group West 1700 Fourth Street Berkeley, CA 94710 1-800-788-3123 www.pgw.com ISBN: 1-57820-073-3 This book is dedicated to Shirley Berger. Preface Why write a book about designing embedded systems? Because my experiences working in the industry and, more recently, working with students have convinced me that there is a need for such a book. For example, a few years ago, I was the Development Tools Marketing Manager for a semiconductor manufacturer. I was speaking with the Software Development Tools Manager at our major account. My job was to help convince the customer that they should be using our RISC processor in their laser printers. Since I owned the tool chain issues, I had to address his specific issues before we could convince him that we had the appropriate support for his design team. Since we didn’t CHAPTER I CHAPTER II CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IX CHAPTER X CHAPTER I CHAPTER II CHAPTER III CHAPTER IV CHAPTER V CHAPTER VI Part I, Rural Changes</em>. CHAPTER VII CHAPTER VIII CHAPTER IX CHAPTER X An Introduction to the Industrial and Social by Edward Potts Cheyney The Project Gutenberg eBook, An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England, by Edward Potts Cheyney An Introduction to the Industrial and Social by Edward Potts Cheyney 1 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England Author: Edward Potts Cheyney Release Date: June 1, 2007 [eBook #21660] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AN INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND*** E-text prepared by Peter Vachuska, Chuck Greif, Christine P. Travers, and the Project Gutenberg Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 21660-h.htm or 21660-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/1/6/6/21660/21660-h/21660-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.net/dirs/2/1/6/6/21660/21660-h.zip) Transcriber's note: Obvious printer's errors have been corrected, all other inconsistencies are as in the original. Author's spelling has been maintained. Bolded font has been represented encased between asterisks. The following sentence has been changed, from: the spring crop was taken now IT its turn would enjoy a fallow year. to: the spring crop was taken now IN its turn would enjoy a fallow year. An Introduction to the Industrial and Social History of England [Illustration: New Sixteenth Century Manor House with Fields still Open, Gidea Hall, Essex. Nichols: Progresses of Queen Elizabeth.] AN INTRODUCTION TO THE INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND by EDWARD P. CHEYNEY Professor of European History in the University of Pennsylvania New York The MacMillan Company London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd. 1916 All rights reserved Copyright, 1901, By The MacMillan Company. Set up and electrotyped. Published April, 1901. Reprinted January, October, 1905; November, 1906; October, 1907; July, 1908; February, 1909; January, 1910; April, December, 1910; January, August, December, 1911; An Introduction to the Industrial and Social by Edward Potts Cheyney 2 July, 1912; January, 1913; February, August, 1914; January, November, 1915; April, 1916. PREFACE This text-book is intended for college and high-school classes. Most of the facts stated in it have become, through the researches and publications of recent years, such commonplace knowledge that a reference to authority in each case has not seemed necessary. Statements on more doubtful points, and such personal opinions as I have had occasion to express, although not supported by references, are based on a somewhat careful study of the sources. To each chapter is subjoined a bibliographical paragraph with the titles of the most important secondary authorities. These works will furnish a fuller account of the matters that have been treated in outline in this book, indicate the 1 Introduction to Social Network Methods Table of Contents This page is the starting point for an on-line textbook supporting Sociology 157, an undergraduate introductory course on social network analysis. Robert A. Hanneman of the Department of Sociology teaches the course at the University of California, Riverside. Feel free to use and reproduce this textbook (with citation). For more information, or to offer comments, you can send me e-mail. About this Textbook This on-line textbook introduces many of the basics of forma l approaches to the analysis of social networks. It provides very brief overviews of a number of major areas with some examples. The text relies heavily on the work of Freeman, Borgatti, and Everett (the authors of the UCINET software package). The materials here, and their organization, were also very strongly influenced by the text of Wasserman and Faust, and by a graduate seminar conducted by Professor Phillip Bonacich at UCLA in 1998. Errors and omissions, of course, are the responsibility of the author. Table of Contents 1. Social network data 2. Why formal methods? 3. Using graphs to represent social relations 4. Using matrices to represent social relations 5. Basic properties of networks and actors 6. Centrality and power 7. Cliques and sub-groups 8. Network positions and social roles: The analysis of equivalence 9. Structural equivalence 10. Automorphic equivalence 11. Regular equivalence A bibliography of works about, or examples of, social network methods 2 1. Social Network Data Introduction: What's different about social network data? On one hand, there really isn't anything about social network data that is all that unusual. Networkers do use a specialized language for describing the structure and contents of the sets of observations that they use. But, network data can also be described and understood using the ideas and concepts of more familiar methods, like cross-sectional survey research. On the other hand, the data sets that networkers develop usually end up looking quite different from the conventional rectangular data array so familiar to survey researchers and statistical analysts. The differences are quite important because they lead us to look at our data in a different way and even lead us to think differently about how to apply statistics. "Conventional" sociological data consists of a rectangular array of measurements. The rows of the array are the cases, or subjects, or observations. The columns consist of scores (quantitative or qualitative) on attributes, or variables, or measures. Each cell of the array then describes the score of some actor on some attribute. In some cases, there may be a third dimension to these arrays, representing panels of observations or multiple groups. Name Sex Age In-Degree Bob Male 32 2 Carol Female 27 1 Ted Male 29 1 Alice Female 28 3 The fundamental data structure is one that leads us to compare how actors are similar or dissimilar to each other across attributes (by comparing rows). Or, perhaps more commonly, we examine how variables are similar or dissimilar to each other in their distributions across actors (by comparing or correlating columns). "Network" data (in their purest form) consist of a square array of measurements. The rows of the array are the cases, or subjects, or observations. The columns of the array are and note the key difference from conventional data the same set of cases, subjects, or observations. In each cell of the array describes a relationship between the actors. 3 Who reports liking whom? Choice: Chooser: Bob Carol Ted Alice Bob 0 1 1 Carol 1 0 1 Ted 0 1 1 Alice 1 0 0 We could look at this data structure the same way as with MATERNAL & CHILD HEALTH Technical Information Bulletin A Review of the Medical Benefits and Contraindications to Breastfeeding in the United States Ruth A. Lawrence, M.D. October 1997 Cite as Lawrence RA. 1997. A Review of the Medical Benefits and Contraindications to Breastfeeding in the United States (Maternal and Child Health Technical Information Bulletin). Arlington, VA: National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health. A Review of the Medical Benefits and Contraindications to Breastfeeding in the United States (Maternal and Child Health Technical Information Bulletin) is not copyrighted with the exception of tables 1–6. Readers are free to duplicate and use all or part of the information contained in this publi- cation except for tables 1–6 as noted above. Please contact the publishers listed in the tables’ source lines for permission to reprint. In accordance with accepted publishing standards, the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health (NCEMCH) requests acknowledg- ment, in print, of any information reproduced in another publication. The mission of the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health is to promote and improve the health, education, and well-being of children and families by leading a nation- al effort to collect, develop, and disseminate information and educational materials on maternal and child health, and by collaborating with public agencies, voluntary and professional organi- zations, research and training programs, policy centers, and others to advance knowledge in programs, service delivery, and policy development. Established in 1982 at Georgetown University, NCEMCH is part of the Georgetown Public Policy Institute. NCEMCH is funded primarily by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services through the Health Resources and Services Administration’s Maternal and Child Health Bureau. Published by National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health 2000 15th Street, North, Suite 701, Arlington, VA 22201-2617 (703) 524-7802 (703) 524-9335 fax Internet: info@ncemch.org World Wide Web: http://www.ncemch.org Single copies of this publication are available at no cost from: National Maternal and Child Health Clearinghouse 2070 Chain Bridge Road, Suite 450 Vienna, VA 22182-2536 (703) 356-1964 (703) 821-2098 fax This publication has been produced by the National Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health under its cooperative agreement (MCU-119301) with the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. A Review of the Medical Benefits and Contraindications to Breastfeeding in the United States 3 Preface In its report Breastfeeding: WIC’s Efforts to Promote Breastfeeding Have Increased (1993), the U.S. General Accounting Office (GAO) recom- mended that the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) develop written policies defining the condi- tions that would contraindicate breastfeeding and determining how and when to communi- cate this information to all pregnant and breastfeeding participants of the Special Supplemental Introduction to Social Stratification in the United States Introduction to Social Stratification in the United States Bởi: OpenStaxCollege 1/3 Introduction to Social Stratification in the United States The car a person drives can be seen as a symbol of ... individuals attach to involvement in such movements, and 2/3 Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change the individual experience of social change An interactionist studying social movements might.. .Introduction to Social Movements and Social Change Social movements are purposeful, organized groups striving to work toward a common goal These groups might be attempting to create change. .. integral to the continued health and viability of the whole When studying social movements, a functionalist might focus on why social movements develop, why they continue to exist, and what social