Bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn sử ( phần 4 )

TUYỂN TẬP ĐỀ THI TÀI LIỆU ÔN THI MÔN LỊCH SỬ B S I dLT&n^ HSG L/ch Si} 12 - Ths Truong Ngpc Thai Ke hoach n a m c6 n h i e m v u "phat trien t h e m m p t buoc, sap xe'p lai ca ca'u + Cai tao quan h§ san xua't C o n g cuQC cai tao xa h p i chu nghla d u p e day m a n h v d i toe d p n h a n h t r o n g cac v u n g m o i giai p h o n g m i e n N a m Giai cap t u san m a i ban b i xoa bo D a i bp p h a n n o n g dan m i e n N a m d i vao d u o n g l a m an tap the, t h a m gia nhCrng h i n h thuc to chuc san xua't p h u h p p , n h u to doan ke't san xua't, tap doan san xua't, h p p tac xa san xua't Van hoa, gido due, y tc: , , N g a n h giao due m a u giao, giao due thong, giao due d a i hpc va t r u n g hoc chuyen n g h i f p phat trien m a n h , p h o n g trao b i n h d a n hpc v u da t h u h u t dupe nhieu n g u o i t h a m gia M a n g l u o i cac benh v i ^ n , p h o n g k h a m ehCra b?nh, t r a m y te, nha hp sinh, eo so dieu d u o n g d u p e m a r p n g Cac hoat d p n g van hoa, van nghe, the d y e the thao da tao t h a n h p h o n g trao quan c h i i n g t r o n g cac dja p h u o n g , x i n g h i ^ p , a day m a n h cai tai xa h p i chu nghia nen k i n h te quo'c d a n " n h a m ca ban o n ^ j n h t i n h h i n h k i n h te - xa h p i , dap u n g yeu cau cap bach thie't ye'u nha't cua i " H p c thuyet K a i p h u " Thii tu6ng"Kaiphu dua nam 1991 la s y phat trien tiep tuc Hpc tuyet Phucuda dieu ki?n Ijch s u moi Nhat Ban thie't lap quan h^ ngoai giao voi Vi^t N a m 21 - -1973 d Tit nam 1991 den nam 2000 Vekinh te, thap nien 90, dii c6 suy thoai kinh te nhung Nh|it Ban van la mpt ba trung tam kinh te - tai chinh ciia the gioi Vekhao hoc - ki thuqt, Nhat Ban tiep tuc phat trien trinh dp cao, tap trung vao linh v y c san xuat phuc vu nhu cau dan dung Trong cong cupc chinh phyc v u tru, tinh den nam 1992 Nhat da phong 49 v^ tinh va hpp tac c6 hi^u qua voi Mi, Nga cac chuong trinh vii try quoc te Ve chinh tri, sau 38 nam Dang Dan chii T y (LDP) lien tyc cam quyen (1955 - 1993), tij nam 1993 den nam 2000 cac dang doi lap hoac lien minh cac dang phai khac da tham gia chap chinh, tinh hinh xa hpi Nhat c6 phan khong on djnh C h i nam, tu 1993 den 1996, Nhat Ban da c6 toi Ian thay doi npi cac Ve doi ngoqi: tiep tyc tri lien minh chat che voi MI Coi trpng quan h? voi Tay A u va mo rpng hoat dpng doi ngoai voi cac doi tac khac tren pham vi toan cau V o i khu v y c chau A - Thai Binh Duong, ke tu dau thap nien 90 den nay, cac quan h^ hpp tac kinh te giiia Nhat Ban voi cac nuoc N I C s va A S E A N tiep tuc gia tang voi toe dp cang manh me eSi dLf&ng HSG Ljch 5u 12 - The Tnrong N^pc Thai V I I I C A C H M A N G K H O A HQC - Lam cho nang sua't lao dpng cang tang len, nang cao khong ngung C O N G N G H ? V A X U THE T O A N muc song va chat lupng cupc song nguoi T u dan den nhiing thay doi CAU HOA Ian ve co ca'u dan cu, chat lupng nguon nhan lyc, nhirng doi hoi moi ve giao Nguon goc va dac diem ciia each mang khoa hpc - cong ngh^ dye va dao tao nghe nghiep, sy hinh mpt thj truong the'gioi voi xu the * Nguon goc: Cupc each mang khoa hpc - k l thuat dien la toan cau hoa Lam thay doi cac ye'u to ciia san xuat, tao buoe nhay vpt ve luc lupng san nhung doi hoi cua cupc song, cua san xuat nham dap ung nhu cau vat chat va xuat va nang sua't lao dpng tinh than cang cao ciia nguoi, nhat la tinh hinh bung no dan so the'gioi va su voi can nghiem trpng cac nguon tai nguyen thien nhien, dac biet Dua loai nguoi ehuyen sang nen van minh moi la "van minh tri tu^" tir sau Chien tranh the'gioi thu hai NhOng doi hoi biic thiet dat cho cupc Lam cho sy giao luu kinh te^ van hoa, khoa hpc - ki thuat cang dupe each mang khoa hpc - ki thuat phai giai quyet, trude he't la che tao va tim kiem quo'c te'hoa nhung cong cu san xuat moi c6 kl thuat va nang sua't cao, tao nhirng vat li^u moi Xu the toan cau hoa a Nhung bieu hi^n chu yen cua xu the toan cau hod la: * Dac diem: Khoa hoc tro luc lupng san xuat true tie'p, khae voi cupc Su phat trien nhanh chong cua quan he thuong mai quoc te each mang cong nghiep the'ki XVIII Trong cupc each mang kho hpc - ki thuat Sy phat trien va tac dpng to Ion ciia cac cong ti xuyen quo'c gia hif n dai, mpi phat minh k l thuat deu bat nguon tir nghien ciiu khoa hpc Khoa Sy sap nhap va hop nhat cac cong ti nhung tap doan Ion hpc gSn lien voi k i thuat, khoa hpc di truoc mo duang cho san xuat N h u vay Sy doi ciia cac to chiic lien ke't kinh te^ thuong mai, tai chinh quoc te'va khoa hpc da tham gia true tie'p vao san xuat, tro nguon goc chinh cua khu vue nhihig tien bp ki thuat va cong nghe Cac to chue co vai tro cang quan trpng viee giai quyet N h u n g t u u va y nghia eua each mang khoa hpc - cong ngh? nhiing van de kinh te ehung ciia the'gioi va khu vue * Ihcmh tim: b Toan cau hod vita Id co hoi, vita la thdch thitc dot vai cdc nuac dang phat trien: Trai qua hon nua the'ki, nhat la nhCrng nam 70, cupc each mang khoa hpc - *Vecahoi: kl thuat da thu dupe nhihig tien bp phi thuong nhirng tuu ki di^u Trong linh vue khoa hpc co ban, loai ngudi da dat dupe nhirng tuu Tu sau chien tranh lanh, hoa binh the gioi dupe ciing co', nguy co chien he't sue to Ion, nhOng buac nhay vpt chua tung tha'y ljch su cac nganh tranh the'gioi bj day liii Xu the ehung ciia the'gioi la hoa binh on dinh va hpp Toan hpc Vat l i hpc, Hoa hpc, Sinh hpc Dua vao nhiing phat minh Ion cua cac tac phat trien nganh khoa hpc co ban, ngudi da ung dung vao k l thuat va san xuat phuc vy cupc song cua minh Trong linh vue cong nghf da xuat hi?n nhirng phat minh quan trpng, M Cac quo'c gia deu sue dieu chinh chien lupc phat trien va lay kinh te lam trpng diem, cung sy tang euang hpp tac va tham gia cac lien minh kinh te khu vyc va quoc te nhiing tuu to Ion cac linh vue: nhirng cong cu san xuat moi (may Cac quo'c gia dang phat trien co the khai thae cac nguon von dau tu, kt thuat tinh d i f n tu, may t u dpng va hf thong may t u dpng, nguoi may ro bot ); cong ngh^ va kinh nghiem quan l i t u ben ngoai, nhat la cac tien bp khoa hpc - nhCrng nguon nang lupng moi (nang lupng mat troi, nang lupng gio va nhat la ;ki thuat de co the " d i tat don dau" riit ngSn thoi gian xay dung va phat trien nang lupng nguyen tu ); nhung vat li^u moi nhu (polime - chat deo voi nhieu dat nuoe loai hinh khae nhau, cac loai vat lieu sieu sach, sieu cung, sieu ben, sieu dan ); * Ve thdch thitc: cong ngh§ sinh hpc voi nhi>ng dot pha phi thuong cong ngh| di truyen, \c nuoe dang phat trien can nhan thiic day d i i sy can thiet tat ye'u va tim cong ngh$ tebao, cong ngh^ vi sinh va cong nghe enzim; nhiing tien bp than ki kiem ducmg, each thue hpp l i nhat qua trinh hpi nhap quoc te - phat giao thong van tai (cap spi thuy tinh quang dan, may bay sieu am khong buy the'manh; han che'toi muc tha'p nhat nhCrng rCii ro, bat Ipi va ea sai lam; co 16, tau hoa toe dp cao ); chinh phuc vu tru (v^ tinh nhan tao, du hanh vu try ) nhirng buoe d i thich hpp, kjp thoi *Ynghia: 285 Phan Ion cac nude dang phat trien deu t u diem xua't phat thap ve kinh te^ trinh dan tri thap, nguon nhan luc dao tao c6 chat lug-ng nhieu han che Sv canh tranh quyet liet ciia thi truong thegioi va cac quan h$ kinh tequoc te nhieu bat binh dSng, gay nhieu thi?t hai doi voi cac nuoc dang phat trien Van de su dung c6 hi^u qua cac nguon von vay no van bat hgp h' Tu sau Chien tranh the gioi thu hai den nay, eupc each mang khoa hpe ki thuat khoi dau t u nuoc M i , da Ian nhanh toan the gioi N h u mpt h§ qua ciia each mang khoa hpe - ki thuat, xu the toan eau hoa da dien nhu mpt Ian song nhanh the gioi Co the noi toan eau hoa doi hoi cac quoc gia phai c6 loi giai dap va su thich ung de vua kip thoi, vua khon ngoan, tranh vi^e bo 15 co hpi va tut hau he't sue nguy hiem Van de giu gin va bao ve ban sac van hoa dan tpc, ket hgip hai hoa giua truyen thong va hi^n dai can dupe luu y Cac xu the phat trien ciia the gioi hi?n Nhung thoi co va nhihig thach thuc doi v o i cac dan tpc IX LICH Sir THE GI61 T l / SAU CHIEN T R A N H THE GI61 THU" H A I DEN N A M 2000 * Cac xu the phat trim: N h u n g npi dung chii yeu ciia lich su the gioi tir sau Chien tranh the gioi Mot la, sau Chien tranh lanh, hau nhu tat ca cac quoc gia deu sue dieu chinh chien lupc phat trien lay kinh te'lam trpng diem, boi kinh te da thijr hai den tro npi dung can ban quan h$ quoc te Xay dung sue manh tong Sau Chien tranh the gioi thu hai, mot trat t v the gioi da dupe xac lap Do la trat t u the gioi hai eve lanta voi dac trung noi bat la the gioi nhu phan doi, chia hpp ciia quoc gia thay the cho chay dua vu trang da tro hinh thuc chii hai phe t u ban chii nghla va xa hpi chii nghia hai sieu cuong M i va yeu eupc canh tranh giua cac cuong quoc Sue manh ciia moi quoc gia la Lien X6 dung dau moi phe dvra tren mpt nen san xua't phon vinh, mpt nen tai chinh Voi thang Ipi cvia cac eupc each mang dan chii nhan dan cae nuoc Dong viJTig chac, mpt nen cong nghf co trinh dp cao cung voi mpt lye lupng quoc phong manh A u , chii nghia xa hpi da vupt khoi pham v i mpt nuoc, tro mpt h^ Hai la, sau chien tranh, quan hf giiia cac nuoc Ion theo chieu huong doi thong the gioi Thang Ipi ciia each mang Vi?t Nam (1945), each mgng Trung thoai, thoa h i f p , tranh xung dpt tryc tiep nham tao nen mpt moi truong quoc Quoc (1949) va each mang Cuba (1959) da mo rpng khong gian dia l i ciia h^ te thuan Ipi giiip hp vuon len manh me, xac lap mpt vj tri uu the trat t y thong cac nuoc xa hpi chii nghta - mpt dai dat rpng Ion trai dai t u phia dong the gioi moi M61 quan h^ giua cac nuoc Ion mang tinh hai mat noi chau A qua Lien bang X6 viet toi phan phia dong chau A u va Ian sang Cuba vung bien Caribe ciia khu vuc M I Latinh Ngay sau Chien tranh the gioi thu hai, mpt cao trao giai phong dan tpc da day len manh me cac nuoc A, Phi va M I Latinh D u o i nhung don da kich manh li^t ciia cao trao giai phong, h? thong thupc dja va che dp phan bi?t chiing tpc Apaethai kep dai t u nhieu the ki da bj sup hoan toan Trong niia sau the ki XX, h? thong de quoc chii nghia da c6 nhung bien chuyen quan trpng M I da vuon len tro nuoc de quoc giau manh nhat Tiep theo la Nhat Ban va cac nuoc Tay Au, the gioi Ian lupt xua't hi?n ba trung tam kinh te, tai chinh Mac dii c6 s\f phat trien nhu the^ chii nghia t u ban b$t la: mau thuan va hai hoa, canh tranh va hpp tac, tiep xiic va kiem che , Ba la, hoa binh va on dinh la xu the ehii dao ciia tinh hinh the gioi sau pchien tranh lanh, nhung nhieu khu vyc van dien npi chien va xung dpt Nguy CO cang tro nen tram trpng o nhieu noi lai dien nhung chii nghia l i khai, chii nghia khiing bo Nhung mau thuan sac tpc, ton giao va tranh chap lanh tho thuong co nhung can nguyen Ijeh su nen vi^c giai quyet khong de dang thuong keo dai Bon la, nhCrng n5m 90 sau chien tranh lanh, the gioi da va dang chung kien xu the toan cau hoa dien cang manh me * Thai ca va thach thuc: van khong the kh^c phue dupe nhung mau thuan von c6 ciia no - Thai ca: So voi cac giai doan Ijeh sii the gioi truoc day, chua bao gio cac quan h? quoc te'lai mo rpng va da dang nhu niia sau the ki XX Tinh trang doi dau gay gat giita hai sieu cuong, hai phe ma dinh cao la tinh trang "chien tranh lanh" keo dai toi hon bon thap k i Tuy nhien, cac quoc gia van cung ton tai hoa btnh, vita dau tranh, vita hap tdcCuoi cung, chien tranh lanh cham dut, the gioi chuyen dan sang xu the hoa hoan va hoa dju, do'i thogi va hpp tac phat trien 286 Cac quoc gia deu sue dieu chinh chien lupc phat trien va lay kinh te'lam trpng diem, cung sy tang cuong hpp tac va tham gia cac lien minh kinh te khu vyc va quo'c te Cac quoc gia co the khai thac cac nguon von dau tu, k l thuat cong ngh^ va kinh nghi?m quan If t u ben ngoai, nhat la cac tien bp khoa hpe - k l thuat de dua dat nuoc phat trien k 287 "zrty Cac d a n tgc cang c6 tie'ng noi chung, doan ke't c i i n g n h a u dau t r a n h v i 2) 1991 -2000 m p t the g i o i hoa b i n h o n d i n h , h g p tac phat trien v i cong bang h a n h phuc cho m////Am-'pi-v/Kh/injwr - Trat t y hai cue lanta tan ra, cac quoc gia d a n g sue v u o n len de cd v i the tren t r u d n g quoc te m o i n g u a i , cho m o i d a n tgc tren hanh t i n h - Cac nude d a n g sue dieu chinh chien luge phat trien, tap - Vethdch thiic: t r u n g vao phat trien san xuat, tang t r u d n g k i n h te va m d D o i v i cac n u d e d a n g phat t r i e n : Can nhan thuc day d u sv can thiet tat ye'u r g n g h g p tac v d i va t i m k i e m d u o n g , each thuc h g p l i nha't t r o n g qua t r i n h h g i nhap quoc te - phat h u y t h e m a n h ; han che'tdi m u c thap nhat n h i r n g r i i i ro, bat I g i va ca sal - X u the'toan cau hoa c6 anh h u d n g to Idn va thuc day su l a m ; c6 n h i r n g buoe d i thich h g p , k i p t h o i Phan Ion cac n u d e d a n g phat trien d d i ciia cac lien m i n h kinh t e ' k h u v u c va quoc te Cac dan deu t u d i e m xuat phat thap ve k i n h te^ t r i n h d g dan t r i thap, n g u o n n h a n luc tgc d a n g cd n h i r n g thdi co Idn xen Ian v d i cac n g u y eo dao tao cd chat l u g n g n h i e u han che Sv canh t r a n h quyet liet ciia thj - V a n cd n h i r n g eugc chien t r a n h x u n g d g t d nhieu k h u t r u d n g the g i d i va cac q u a n h? k i n h te quoc te n h i e u bat b i n h dang, gay vyc nhieu thi#t hai d o i v d i cac n u d e d a n g phat trien V a n de s u d u n g cd h i ^ u qua Q u a t r i n h h i n h t h a n h va tan ciia trat t y the g i d i h a i eye l a n t a cac n g u o n v o n vay n g v a n bat h g p l i Van de giir g i n va bao ve ban sac van hoa dan tgc, ke't h g p hai hoa giua t r u y e n t h o n g va h i ^ n d a i can d u g e l u u y D o i v d i cac n u d e phat trien: Can l a m cho cac v a n de xa h g i d u g e on dinh,nha't la s u p h a n hoa giau ngheo va n h i r n g m a u t h u a n n g i tai cua da't nude Can d i e u c h i n h cac ehinh sach d o i ngo^i cho p h i i h g p v d i x u the hoa - Qua trinh hinh thanh: " Den n a m 1945, Chien tranh the g i d i Ian thir hai bude vao giai doan cuo'i v d i Icugc tan cong n h u v u bao ciia H o n g quan L i e n X6 dang tien nhanh ve Beclin N h i e u v a n de cap thiet dat cho cac nude D o n g m i n h : N h a n h ehdng d a n h bai b i n h d a n g la n h u cau dat cho n h a n loai hoan toan cac n u d e phat xit To chue lai t h e g i d i m d i sau chien t r a n h Phan chia Cac giai doan cua lich s u the gidi tu nam 1945 den nam 2000 jthanh qua chien t r a n h giij-a cac nude thang tran Sy ki^n G i a i do^n - Sy xae lap trat t y hai cue lanta d o L i e n X6 va M l d u n g d a u m o i cue - T h a n g I g i cua each m a n g dan tgc d a n c h u d D o n g A u va 1) 1945 -1991 m g t so nude chau A - M I v u o n len m g t n u d e t u ban g i a u m a n h va t h y c h i ^ n m u u d o ba chii the g i d i - Tay A u va N h a t Ban Ian l u g t t r d t h a n h t r u n g t a m k i n h te'tai c h i n h cua the g i d i , sue canh t r a n h v d i M I - Phong trao giai p h d n g dan tgc d a n g cao m a n h m e a chau A, Phi va k h u v u c M I L a t i n h jngay 04 den 11 - 02 - 1945 H g i n g h i da d i den n h i r n g quyet d j n h sau day: Mot la, xae d j n h m u c tieu ehung la tieu di?t tan goe chii nghia phat xit D u e va chu nghTa q u a n p h i f t N h a t De nhanh ehdng ke't thiic chien t r a n h L i e n X6 se t h a m chien chong N h a t d chau A sau k h i chien tranh da ke't thiic d chau Au Hai la, lap to chirc L i e n hgp quoc n h a m d u y t r i hoa b i n h va an n i n h e gidi Ba la, thoa t h u a n ve viee d d n g quan tai cac nude n h a m giai giap quan d g i phat xit va phan chia p h a m v i anh h u d n g d chau Au va chau A N h i r n g quyet d j n h ciia H g i nghj lanta da dan t d i sy h i n h t h a n h m g t trat t y - The g i d i p h a n d o i , chia hai phe Xa h g i c h u nghla va (the g i d i m d i , d u g e ggi la: " t r a t t y hai eye l a n t a " Trat t y hai eye lanta d d i T u ban chii nghla H a i phe dau n h a u gay gSt t r o n g t i n h iam cho the g i d i p h a n chia hai h? thong d o i lap M g t eye cua L i e n X6 dai trang Chien tranh lanh keo dai n h i e u th^p k i idi^n cho cac n u d e xa h g i chii nghia va m g t eye ciia M l dai d i f n cho cac nude t u - Cage each m a n g khoa hgc - cong n g h ^ d u a lai n h i m g tien ban chu nghia T r o n g qua t r i n h ton tai ciia hai eye l a m cho q u a n h# quoc te b g p h i t h u d n g , n h i i n g t u u k i d i ? u cho tat ca cac quoc pd sy d o i dau giira hai phe: Xa hgi chii nghla va T u ban chu nghla gia d a n tgc 288 T r o n g boi canh d d , h g i nghj quoc te duge trieu tap tai lanta (Lien X6) tir ' ' ' - Qua trinh Ian ra: nuoc I o n la U y vien t h u o n g true H o i d o n g bao an Lien H i e p Quo'c tien hanh + Sau nhieu nam t r i tr§ va k h u n g hoang keo dai, toi n h u n g n5m 1989 -1991 che xa hpi chu nghia da bj tan a cac nuoc Dong A u va Lien bang X6 vie't + N g a y 28 - - 9 , H p i d o n g t u o n g irq k i n h te (SEV) t u y e n bo giai the va t h u o n g l u p n g , thoa hiep va h o p tac v o i nhnii vice d u y t r i trat t y the g i o i ; tat ca cac quo'c gia dan toe deu dang d u n g truoc n h u n g t h u thach n h u n g thai CO de d u a van m e n h da't nuoc m i n h tien len k j p v o i t h o i dai sau - - 1991, to chuc H i ? p uoc Vacsava c h a m d u t boat d p n g V o i "cue" Lien X6 tan ra, thong the g i o i cua eac n u o c xa hoi chii nghia k h o n g ton tai va trat t u the g i o i hai eye lanta da syp The " h a i eye" cua hai sieu c u o n g k h o n g nOa, M I la "eye" d u y nhat Igi Pham v i anh h u o n g cua L i e n X6 chau A u va chau A da bj mat, anh h u a n g eua M I cung bi t h u h ^ p o nhieu n o i Cac t h a i k i cua q u a n h? quoc te tir sau C h i e n t r a n h the g i o i t h u h a i a) Thai ki tit 1945 den 1989 Tren the g i o i da h i n h "trat t y hai eye lanta" va t u 1947 la t h a i k i chien tranh lanh M i phat d p n g lam cho tinh h i n h the g i o i t r o n g t i n h trang cang thang, gay g a t , p h u c tap v o l cac cuoe dau tranh dan toe, dau tranh giai cap va dau tranh giCra hai eye d o i lap X6 - M i va hai k h o i D o n g Tay b) Thai ki tH cuoi 1989 den 1991 Cupe Chien tranh lanh keo dai tren 40 nam da chain d i i t (cu6"i 1989), quan h ^ quo'c t e t u x u the'dol thoai, hgp tac tren ca so hai ben cung c6 I p i , ton t r p n g Ian c i m g ton tai hoa b i n h T i n h h i n h the g i o i t r o nen d i u han, cac eupc t r a n h chap va x u n g d p t k h u v y c da va dang d a n dan d u p e giai quyet (vy x u n g d p t N a m Phi c6 lien quan den N a m i b i a va cupe npi chien keo dai a Angola, van de A p g a n i t x t a n , van de Campuchia, van de Nicaragoa T r u n g M i , van de hoa b i n h va on d i n h d T r u n g Can D o n g v.v c) Thai ki tit 1991 den " Trat t y hai eye lanta" bj sup M i sue v u o n len "the m p t eye" trat t y the g i o i m a i , cac c u o n g quo'c khae eo gang d u y t r i " the da eye", t r o n g D u e va N h a t Ban dang d o i hoi t r o hai eye n u a t'-ong the gioi "da eye" T u dau n h i r n g n a m 90, m p t trat t y the g i o i m o i , dang dan dan h i n h va da xua't hi?n m p t so dae d i e m va xu the phat trien X u the d o i thoai h p p tac tren eo so hai ben cung c6 I p i , t o n trpng Ian t r o n g cung ton tai hoa b i n h d a n g n g a y c a n g t r o t h a n h x u the chu ye'u t r o n g cac m o i q u a n h ^ q u o e te; CAU HOI ON TAP C(iH H a y neu n h u n g quyet nghj ciia H o i nghi Linta (thang - 1945) va phan ti'eh he qua ciia n h u n g quyet nghj Ciiii Neu muc dich, nguyen tac cua Lien hop quo'c NhCing to chuc cua LitMi hiep quoe tai Viet N a m Can H a y t r i n h bay sy h i n h hai he thong T u ban chii nghia va Xa hoi chu nghia sau Chien tranh the giai t h u hai Vai tro cua M I va Lien X6 doi v o i hai he thong Can So sanh Lien m i n h p h o n g thu Vacsava va H i e p uoc Bac Dai Tay D u o n g ( N A T O ) ve: sy lap, muc tieu, tinh chat, vai tro - tac d u n g va neu nhan xet Can N g u y e n nhan dan den cupe Chien tranh lanh sau Chien tranh the g i o i t h u hai N h u n g bieu hien cua Chien tranh lanh Can 6: V i cupe Chien tranh lanh cham diit? Sau k h i Chien tranh lanh cham d u t , tinh tinh t h e g i o i dien n h u the'nao? Clin So sanh n h u n g t u u o Lien X6 t r o n g thai k i k h o i phue k i n h te (1946 - 1950) v o i n h u n g t u u thoi k i xay d u n g eo so vat chat k l t h u a t t u n a m 1950- 1970 Clin S N e u n h u n g t u u c h i n h ma nhan dan cac n u o c D o n g A u dat dupe eong cupe xay d y n g ehii nghia xa hoi t u nam 1950 den nira dau n h u n g nam 70 N h a n xet ve n h u n g t u u Can H a y cho biet sy d o i va hoat d o n g ciia H o i d o n g t u o n g t r o kinh te va ciia To chuc H i e p uoc Vacsava Vai tro ciia Lien X6 d o i v o i hai to chuc Can 10 T r i n h bay nguyen nhan dan den sy tan cua che'dp xa hpi chu nghia Lien X6 va cac nuoc Dong A u Phan tieh nguyen nhan quyet d j n h nhat Can 11 N p i d u n g ca ban ciia d u o n g loi cai each va n h u n g t u u chinh cua T r u n g Quoe t u sau nam 1978 la gi? So sanh eong cupe cai each ciia T r u n g Quoe v o i eong cupe cai to Lien X6 Thai L a n 1959; 1959 - 1978; 1978 - 2000 Riit nhan xet ve c h i n h sach do'i ngoai cua 10 Brunay T r u n g Quoc 11 Dong Timo Cdu 12 Neu cac chi'nh sach d o l ngoai ciia T r u n g Quoc cac thai k i : 1949 - Cdu 13 H a y p h a n chia cac giai doan phat trien ciia each m a n g giai p h o n g Cdu 18 NiiCrng qua ciia cuoc dau tranh gianh dpc lap ciia n h a n dan dan toe Lao t u n a m 1945 den n a m 1975 va neu npi d u n g c h i n h ciia t u n g giai chau Phi sau Chien tranh the'gioi t h u hai N e u nhCrng dac d i e m ciia p h o n g trao doan M o i q u a n he gii>a each m a n g V i ^ t N a m va each m a n g Lao t r o n g n h i i n g n a m 1945 - Cdu 19 Tai g p i k h u v u c M I L a t i n h sau Chien tranh the g i o i t h u hai la Cau 14 H a y chpn s u k i ^ n c h i n h lieh su Campuchia t u n a m 1945 den n a m 1993 va neu noi d u n g cua s u kien |j,"Lyc dia b i i n g chay"? NhiJ-ng net chinh ve cupe each m a n g Cuba n a m 1959 Cdu 20 Tai t r o n g khoang 20 n a m sau Chien tranh the'gioi t h u hai, M I t r a Cau 15 So sanh cac chien luoc k i n h te h u o n g noi va h u o n g ngoai evia n h o m sang lap A S E A N N o i d u n g , t u u va han checua t u n g chien lug-c T i e u chi so sanh I giai p h o n g dan toe chau Phi C h i e n luoc k i n h te C h i e n Ixxgc k i n h te huong npi h u o n g ngoai ^ujlhanh t r u n g tarn k i n h te - tai chinh i o n nhat the'gioi? [ Cdu 21 T u sau Chien tranh the'gioi t h u hai den nay, M I da thuc hien "Chien liupe toan cau" n h u the nao? H a y neu nhan xet ve ket qua thuc hien chien lupe [ M I da thuc hien "Chien lupe toan cau" tai chau A t u 1945 -1947 n h u thenao? Cdu 22 N e u nhii-ng sir k i ^ n chinh t r o n g qua t r i n h h i n h t h a n h va phat trien T h a i gian bat dau I ciia L i e n m i n h chau A u (EU) Qua t r i n h lien m i n h g i i i a cac n u o c t u ban chau M u c tieu A u va he qua ciia no V i n o i L i e n m i n h chau A u la to ehuc lien ke't k h u v y e N o i d u n g Ion nhat tren t h e ' g i o i T h a n h t u u Cdu 23 N e u n h i i n g n h a n to thiic day su phat trien "than k i " ciia nen k i n h te H a n che N h a t Ban Cdu 16 N g u y e n n h a n d o i ciia to chiie A S E A N la gi? H a y cho biet n p i d u n g N h i r n g thach thuc d o i v o i nen k i n h t e ' N h a t Ban t u n a m 1950 den 1973 la gi? c h i n h ciia H i e p uoe Bali n a m 1976 Quan h ^ g i i i a V i ^ t N a m v a i A S E A N qua I Cdu 24 T r i n h bay c h i n h sach d o i ngoai ciia cac nuae M i , A n h , Tay D u e , N h a t cac t h o i k i Heh su t u sau Chien tranh t h e ' g i o i t h u hai (1945) den 1991 va tae d p n g ciia cac chinh Cdu 17 L a p nien bieu ve cac su k i ^ n chinh qua t r i n h d a u tranh gianh pach d o d o i v a i t i n h h i n h the'gioi? dpc lap va xay d y n g dat nude ciia nhan dan D o n g N a m A (1945 - 2000) Cdu 25 Lieh s u xa h p i loai n g u o i da trai qua cac cupe each m a n g l a n nao? So Npi dung sxf k i ? n v o i cupe each m a n g cong nghiep truoc day, cupe each m a n g khoa hpc - k y TT Nuoc Indonexia Mien Dien M a Lai Philippin Xingapo Viet N a m Lao Campuchia 2Q9 Thang, nam thuat h i f n c6 n h u n g d i e m khae co ban gi? Cupe each m a n g khoa hpc - k l thuat h i ^ n da c6 n h u n g tac d p n g gi d o i v o i s u phat t r i e n cua xa h p i loai nguoi? Cdu 26 Cho biet n p i d u n g , dac d i e m , t u u va tac d p n g ciia cupe each m a n g khoa hpc k l thuat lan t h u hai Tir do, anh (chj) co suy n g h i g i ve n h i ^ m !vv cong nghiep hoa ma D a n g Cpng san Viet N a m da neu t r o n g s u nghiep xay d y n g chii nghia xa h p i o nuoc ta h i ^ n ? BSiduSne H50 Ljch Sur 12 - Tha Trtrong N^pc Thai Caii 27 T ? i n o i : Toan cau hoa v u a la co h g i , vira la thach t h i i c d o i v o i cac M U C L U C nuoc dang phat t r i e n Cau 28 So sanh H i ^ p h p i cac nuoc D o n g N a m A ( A S E A N ) v o i L i e n m i n h chau A u (EU), r i i t d i e m g i o n g va khac giua hai to chuc ? Cau 29 L a p bang ke cac lien m i n h k i n h te^ c h i n h t r j : SEV, A S E A N va EEC theo cac n p i d u n g sau : N Q I dung Phan 1: H u o n g d a n l a m bai t h i hpc sinh gioi m o n ljch sir Phan 2: L j c h sir V i ^ t N a m h i ^ n d a i SEV ASEAN EEC C h u y e n de : V i ^ t N a m tir n a m 1919 den n a m 1920 10 Boi canh lich sir C h u y e n de 2: Vi?t N a m Kr n a m 1930 d e n n a m 1945 46 Q u a t r i n h t h a n h lap C h u y e n de 3: V i ^ t N a m tir n a m 1945 den n a m 1954 97 M y c tieu \ C h u y e n de 4: Vi?t N a m tir n a m 1954 den n a m 1975 133 V a i tro, ta^ d y n g C h u y e n de 5: V i ^ t N a m tir n a m 1975 den n a m 2000 179 Cau 30 H l y t r i n h bay va phan tich net c h i n h ciia ba s y ki?n ljch sir co anh C h u y e n de 6: T o n g ket lich sir Vi?t N a m 1919 - 2000 190 h u a n g I a n d e n sir phat trien ciia xa h o i loai n g u o i tir sau C h i e n tranh the g i o i Ian t h u hai den Phan 3: L j c h sir the g i o i h i ^ n d a i N h i i n g v a n de co ban ciia ljch sir the g i o i h i ^ n d a i (tir n a m 1917 den n a m 1945) 217 L j c h sir the g i o i h i ^ n dai (tir n a m 1945 den n a m 2000) I 237 ... ,5 n a m (1 976 - 1980 va 1981 - 198 5) D a i hgi I V (thang 12 -197 6) va D a i hgi V Cugc k h a n g chien chong Phap (1 945 - 19 5 4) tien hanh t r o n g d i e u k i ^ n nude (thang - 198 2) ciia D... nuoc nam (va dang thuc hi?n ke hoach nam laVi thu t u 2001 - 200 5) Dai hoi V I (thang 12 -198 6), Dai hpi V I I (thang - 199 1), Dai hpi VIII (thang - 199 6) va Dai Hpi IX (thang - 200 1) cua Dang... c6 (1 4 - - 1 941 ) C i r u quoc quan phat d p n g chien tranh d u Ipi cho each m a n g Vi?t N a m N g a y 28 - - 1 941 , N g u y e n A i k i c h t r o n g thang (tir thang -1 941 den thang - 1 942 )