VI Relative pronouns ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆĐại từ quan hệ trong tiếng Anh là who, whom, whose, which, và that Who Whom Which That Whose Of which Where When Chỉ người và làm chủ từ trong mệnh đề
Trang 1(VI) Relative pronouns ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ
Đại từ quan hệ trong tiếng Anh là who, whom, whose, which, và that
Who
Whom
Which
That
Whose
Of which
Where
When
Chỉ người và làm chủ từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
Chỉ người và làm túc từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ
Chỉ vật ,làm chủ ,túc từ gì cũng được
Chỉ người ,vật hoặc cả người lẫn vật trong mệnh đề có giới hạn
Chỉ sự sở hữu của người cho tất cả các danh từ
Chỉ sự sở hữu của vật cho tất cả các danh từ
Chỉ nơi chốn Chỉ thời gian
EXERCISE 1: Fill in the blanks with relative pronouns or relative adverbs :
1. Let me see all the letters……….you have written
1. Is there anyone ……….can help me do this ?
2. Mr Brown, ……….is only 34,is the director of this company.
3. I know a place……….roses grow in abundance
4. It was the nurse………told me to come in .
5. The teacher with ………we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.
6. They showed me the hospital………building had been destroyed by U.S bombings.
7. We saw many soldiers and guns………were moving to the front
8. Dr.Fleming , ………discovered penicillin,was awarded the Nobel for medicine in 1945.
9. We must find the time………we can meet and the place………we can talk
EXERCISE 2:Use a Relative Pronoun to combine each pair of sentences below:
1)The student is from China.He sits next to me
………
………
2)I thanked the woman.This woman had helped me
………
………
3)The professor is excellent.I am taking his course
………
………
4)The man is my father.I respect his opinion most.
………
………
5)I saw a lot of people and horses.They went to market
………
………
6)That car belongs to Dr.Clark.Its engine is very good
………
………
7)Do you know the building ? The window of the building are painted green
………
………
EXERCISE 3: Use a relative pronoun preceded by a preposition to combine
each pair of sentences below:
1)This is a rare opportunity You should take advantage of it to get a better job
………
………
2)The boy is my cousin You made fun of him.
………
Trang 23)This matter is of great importance.You should pay attention to it
………
………
4)The woman lives next door to me.You gave place to her on the bus
………
………
5)The examination lasted two days.I was successful in this examination.
………
………
6)This is the result of our work.I ‘m pleased with it
………
………
7)There is a No parking sign I do not take notice of it
………
………
8)Do you see my pen? I have just written the lesson with it
………
………
9)We are crossing the meadow We flew kites over it in our childhood.
………
………
EXERCISE 4: Change the adjective clauses to adjective phrases :
1. Do you know the woman who is coming toward us ?
………
………
1. I come to the city that is located in the southern part of the country
………
………
3)The children who attend that school receive a good education
………
………
4)The fence which surrounds our house is made of wood.
………
………
5)Be sure to follow the instructions that are given at the top of the page.
………
………
6)They live in the house that was built in 1890
………
………
7)The papers that are on the table belong to Patrica.
………
………
8)The man who talked to the policeman is my uncle.
………
………
9)The number of students who have been counted is quite high.
………
………
10) George is the man who was chosen to represent the committee at the convention.
………
………
EXERCISE 5:Replace the underlined clauses by an infinitive or infinitive phrase:
Trang 31. I don’t like him playing in the street.I wish we had a garden that he could play in.
………
………
2)He simply loves the parties.He is always the first who comes and the last who leaves ………
………
3)The last person who leaves the room must turn off the lights ………
………
4)The first man who was interviewed was entirely unsuitable ………
………
5)I ‘ve got a bottle of wine but I haven’t got anything that I could open it with ………
………
EXERCISE 6 : Rewrite these sentences using a relative clause in place of the infinitive or infinitive phrases 1. The floor is dusty but I haven’t got a brush to sweep it ………
………
2)The pilot was the only man to survive in the crash ………
………
3)He was the second person to be killed in this way ………
………
4)I have just found a river to swim in ………
………
5)This is a form for you to fill in ………
………
EXERCISE 7:Relative clause and Non-defining relative clause: * Underline the Relative clause in the sentence.Then add commas to separate the Non-defining relative clause from the rest of the sentence. 1. Viet Nam which is in South-east Asia exports rice 1. Kangaroos which come from Australia have long tails 2. Ba who lives on Trang Tien street likes playing the guitar 3. The novel which you gave me on my birthday has been lost 4. Neil Armstrong who first walked on the moon lived in USA 5. The chair which I bought yesterday is broken 6. Miss Lien who sings very well is my English teacher 7. The dog which is playing with the ball is very intelligent 8. Nguyen Du who wrote Kieu ‘s story is a great Vietnamese poet 9. The man whom you talked about is my uncle ● Use relative pronoun THAT to replace the other ones if possible: ………
………
………
………
………
………
………
………
Trang 4………
Correct the relative pronouns where necessary: Sửa đại từ quan hệ nếu cần:
1 The artist whom exhibit we saw last week is a concert pianist also
2 The gold that you saw was mined from the sea
3 It was your school counselor whom called you
4 The devastation which the tornado had brought about was unbelievable
5 Some scientists believe that the Americas were populated by groups of Siberian hunters which crossed the Bering Strait
6 The professor which you spoke to yesterday is not here today
7 The condors whom live in California are becoming extinct
8 The student whose paper you have read is sitting there
TOPIC 14 : RELATIVE CLAUSES (ADJECTIVE CLAUSES)
1. EXERCISE 1:
1) Jack is the one ………… I miss most
2) It was a kind of computer with……… I was not familiar
3) Do you get on with the person ……… lives next door ?
4) There is one person to ………… I owe more than I can say
5) The teacher with ……we studied last year no longer teaches in our school.
6) saw many soldiers and guns………were moving to the front
7) Fleming , ………discovered penicillin,was awarded the Nobel for medicine in 1945.
8) “Do you have the book………….the teacher?” “Yes, I do.”
A that it belongs to B to which belongs to C to which belongsD that belongs to
9) “Do you remember Mrs Goddard,…….taught us English composition?” “I certainly do”
10) He said something and I understood it He said something…………I understood
11) The girls and flowers ……… he painted were vivid
12) The man ……… you saw this morning is from Manchester
13) That was the year ……… I was born
A where B into which C in which D at which 14) She bought the dress ……… she had first asked for
15) The police must try to catch those men ……… drive dangerously
16) Mr Smith is the landlord ……… we rent the house
17) My uncle, ……… you met yesterday, is a lawyer
18) He heard a noise ……… coming from the bar
A which was B who was C that is D which is 19) She is the one ……… did it
Trang 5A which B that C whom D by whom
20) The express train, ……… much shorter time, doesn’t stop at this station
21) The boy ……… bicycle you borrowed wanted it back
22) The man ……… told me not to go there
A I spoke to B to who I spoke C that I spoke D whom I spoke 23) A burglar is someone who ………
C breaks into houses to steal things D steals from shops
24) The people ……… we are working are very nice and helpful
25) The office building ………… hundreds of people are working is in very bad condition
26) Nancy was the last applicant………
C to be interviewed D to have interviewed
27) Her little son was very naughty, made her crazy
28) “Have you ever know the pretty girl ……over there?”- “No, Who is he?”
A standing B who is standing C is standing D A and B
29) The ideas……….in that book are interesting
30) The fence……… our house is made of wood
31) The school…………I studied when a child has been closed for a long time
32) There are many people……….lives have been spoiled by that factory
33) The year…………we came to live here was 1975
34) I have just read a good book about Pus-kin,………
A is a very famous Russian poet B who a very famous Russian poet
C a very famous Russian poet D that is a very famous Russian poet
35) I always want to visit London , of England
36) The dictionary was rather expensive, but it was useful for my learning English
A that I bought B I bought C was bought D that buying
37) “Excuse me, but there is something about……… immediately” “ Certainly”
A which I must speak to you B which I must speak to you it
C that I must speak to you about D that I must speak it to you
Exercise 2: Say if the relative pronoun in each sentence can be omitted or not If it can be omitted, write possible, if it can not be omitted, write impossible The first ones have been done
as examples.
Trang 6
1 Isn’t that the man who you are waiting for? …p………
2 Is that the boy who they were talking about? ………
3 I don’t know where he hides the bike that he stole. ………
4 That’s the dog that bit me ………
5 Cannes is the city where the International Film Festivals are held ………
6 The people from whom we borrowed the tent have left ………
7 The equipment which she broke is expensive to repair ………
8 Minh, whom I admire the most, is a kind person ………
9 My mother is the person who I speak to most often. ………
10 Do you know the girl to whom Joe is married? ………
EXERCISE 3 Choose the sentence (A, B C or D) that best describes each of the sentence or pairs
of sentences given in bold.
1) Mr Brown’s son who has graduated from university is talented in music
A Mr Brown has only one son who is talented in music
B Mr Brown has more than one son and one of them is talented in music
C Mr Brown has more than one son and they are talented in music
D Mr Brown has only one son who has graduated from university
2) Joe was standing on the ladder It began to slip
A Joe was standing on the ladder which began to slip
B The ladder which Joe was standing began to slip
C The ladder on which Joe was standing began to slip
D The ladder on that Joe was standing began to slip
3) The people watched the game None of them will ever forget it
A None of the people that watched the game will ever forget it
B The people watched the game none of whom will ever forget it
C Nobody that watched the game will ever forget it
D Both A and C are correct
4) Quang is very good at drawing His father is famous painter
A Quang whose father is a famous painter is very good at drawing
B Quang, whose father is a famous painter is very good at drawing
C Quang’s father, who is a famous painter, is very good at drawing
D Quang, whose father is a famous painter, is very good at drawing
5) The man told you the news He must have told lies
A The man telling you the news must have told lies
B The man whom told you the news must have told lies
C The man that telling you the news must have told lies
D The man to tell you the news must have told lies
EXERCISE 5: Choose the underlined part ( A,B,C or D) in each sentence that is
grammatically incorrect and needs to be changed
1) I liked the dress which Mary was wearing it her birthday party last night
A B C D
2) The artist whom exhibit we saw last week is a concert pianist also
A B C D 3) Some scientists believe that the Americas were populated by groups of Siberian
hunters which crossed the Bering Strait
D 4) The professor which you spoke to yesterday is not here today
5) Nguyen Du ,that wrote Kieu Story ,was a great Vietnamese poet
Trang 7A B C D 6) I need the book whom I lent you last week
A B C D
7) Neil Armstrong was the fist person setting foot on the moon
A B C D
8) The bridge, building just last year, is now in bad condition
9) Her classmates, most of them are boys, are very naughty
10) Mike, for whom I am working, is most generous person I’ve ever met
11) All the children needed medical attention are invited to visit the clinic
EXERCISE 6: multiple choice
1. “Do you have the book………….the teacher?” “Yes, I do.”
A that it belongs to B to which belongs to C to which belongs D that belongs to
2 The voters were overwhelmingly against the candidate…………proposals called for higher taxes
3 “Do you remember Mrs Goddard,……….taught us English composition?” “I certainly do”
4 I have three brothers,……… are businessmen
A that all of them B who they all C all of whom D who all of them
5 He said something and I understood it He said something…………I understood
6 The girls and flowers ……… he painted were vivid
7 The man ……… you saw this morning is from Manchester
8 The “taxi” is a small Swiss aeroplane ……… called a “Pilatus Porter”
9 Those were the soldiers ……… to save the town
A whose responsibility was B in whom there was a responsibility
C whose was the responsibility D from whom the responsibility came
10 The fact ……… we have inflation makes it hard for families to buy the food they need
A of B that C about D since
11 That was the year ……… I was born
A where B into which C in which D at which
12 His boat, ……… is Topsail”, is famous
C of whom the name D the name of which
13 She bought the dress ……… she had first asked for
14 It was the first man – powered aircraft ……… half a mile
A who ever fly B which ever fly C which ever flew D that ever fly
15 There is the boy ……… mother won the prize
16 The police must try to catch those men ……… drive dangerously
17 There are about 55 million people in the UK, approximately 3 million are “immigrants”
A of whom B of which C of there are D whom there are
18 Mr Smith is the landlord ……… we rent the house
19 My uncle, ……… you met yesterday, is a lawyer
Trang 820 He heard a noise ……… coming from the bar
A which was B who was C that is D which is
21 She is the one ……… did it
22 He would be able to reach the Pole ……… was 300 miles away
Object pronouns Đại từ túc từ
You You Him/Her/it Them Possessive pronouns Đại từ sở hữu Mine Ours Yours Yours His/Hers/its Theirs
P R O N O U N S
Relative pronouns Đại từ quan hệ Who/Whom/Whose Which/That Subject pronouns Đại từ chủ ngữ
You You He/She/It They Possessive adjectives Tính từ sở hữu
Yours Your His/Her/Its Their Reflexive pronouns
Trang 9Đại từ phản thân Myself Ourselves Yourself Yourselves Himself/Herself/Itself Themselves
Tiếng Anh có 5 dạng đại từ: Đại từ chủ ngữ, đại từ túc từ, đại từ sở hữu, đại từ phản thân và đại từ quan hệ Tính từ sở hữu, mặc dù không phải là đại từ, có cùng dạng thức tương tự như đại từ sở hữu và vì như vậy sẽ được gộp vào loại này
(I) Subject pronouns ĐẠI TỪ CHỦ NGỮ
He/She/It They
Đại từ chủ ngữ được dùng :
(i) Khi nó làm chủ ngữ của một động từ:
She went to Los Angeles
We, the contestants, were searched
(ii) Sau động từ to be:
(hiện nay dạng trịnh trọng này không được dùng phổ biến, người ta thường dùng dạng thân mật hơn)
It is he in the picture (formal) trịnh trọng
It’s him in the picture (informal) thân mật
It could not have been they under the circumstances (formal) trịnh trọng
It could not have been them uder the circumstances (informal) thân mật
(iii) Khi chủ ngữ của hai mệnh đề được so sánh:
We are better than they (are) at baseball
You speak louder than I (do)
(iv) Sau as và that
They say that she controls him
He is not as resourceful as she (is)
EXERCISE 1 : Đặt những đại từ chủ ngữ vào chỗ trống của những đôi câu sau :
1) The window is open ………is not shut
2) The policeman is standing in the street ………is a tall man
3) The pencils are in the box ……….are red pencils
4) The girl is at home ……… is cooking
5) The children are in the garden ……….are playing
EXERCISE 2 : Circle the correct pronoun: khoanh tròn đại từ đúng:
Trang 101 Mary is heavier than me/I.
2 It must be her/she
3 John and I/me went to the movies
4 Is it true that he/him is here?
5 Who is at the door? It is I/me
6 She is not as fast as he/him
7 He/Him and his father are both very tall
8 It was they/them who told us
(II) Object pronouns Đại từ túc từ
The object pronoun is used:
Đại từ túc từ được dùng:
(i) Khi nó là túc từ trực tiếp của một động từ
She gave him her card
We saw her in class
(ii) Khi túc từ của hai mệnh đề được so sánh
She worries about you more than him
The office staff helped you more than (they helped) me
(iii) Sau giới từ
John studies English with us
It did not sound like a good idea to me
Ghi chú: Nếu giới từ giới thiệu một mệnh đề mới, đại từ chủ ngữ pải được dùng vì
nó chủ ngữ của mệnh đề mới: ex : They are thinking about what he did
EXERCISE 1 : Chọn từ đúng trong dấu ngoặc của những câu sau :
1. I often see ( they / them ) on the bus
2. She lives near ( we / us )
3. I know both of (they /them ) well
4. What is the matter with ( he / him ) today ?
5. There are some letters here for you and ( me / I )
Correct the pronouns in these sentences where necessary:
Sửa các đại từ trong các câu sau nếu cần:
1 Could you please explain this exercise to her?
2 John sat between Helen and I
3 She went with they to the movies
4 He understands her better than him
5 Between you and I, I didn’t like the food
6 What is the matter with she?
7 He told Mary and me about his trip
8 She gets along with him better than me
(III) Possessive adjectives TÍNH TỪ SỞ HỮU
His/Her/Its Their