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1 E12 1. The role of the teacher 2 A MOTIVATOR - motivate ss - get ss involved in creating activity - help ss generate ideas A RESOURCE - provide information & language - offer advice & suggestions A FEEDBACK PROVIDER - give feedback on ss’ writing tasks with special care - respond positively & encouragingly to the content of ss’ written work 2. KINDS OF WRITING IN GRADE 12 3 CONTROLLED WRITING - gap-filling - re-ordering sentences - sentence- building FREE WRITING - letter writing - paragraph writing - report writing - giving instructions - describing chart / book / a sporting event 4 3. Some problems with free writing • A. Many students find it quite difficult because of 1. having no / lack of ideas 2. limited vocabulary to express opinions 3. disability of using structures ,style or language in English standards • B. Students would probably approach the task in different ways and produce a wide variety of different paragraphs 4. Approaching the free-writing task 5 SELECTING THE CONTENT - analyze the topic (instruction/ key terms / the aspect of the topic) - find & select IDEAS (brainstorming// finding more ideas) ORGANIZING IDEAS - classify ideas - select relevant ideas - rank ideas SELECTING THE LANGUAGE - select simple & correct English vocabulary in terms - prepare some common clauses / sentence connectors / expressions - ensure to have a good grasp of the essential grammar points (tenses / passive / parts of speech / structure) FACILITATING WRITING TASKS Tasks adaptation and implementation 1- Making tasks easier: - Breaking down tasks - Scaffoldoing - Lowering requirements 2- Making tasks more challenging/more interesting Solutions: Teachers should help students progress beyond very controlled writing to freer writing by guiding their writing ( GUIDED WRITING) + Giving cues. + Giving a short text as a model. + Doing oral preparation for the writing. MODELLING • 1. Reading a model and noticing certain grammatical features / vocabulary / useful expressions / text organisation / style… • 2. Putting different parts of the text onto a writing frame • 3. Sequencing a jumbled text • 4. Comparing and contrasting two forms of text of the same genre • discussing • brainstorming • observing and interpreting photos or artwork • watching video clips • using writing templates/ frames / cloze exercises • mapping • Brain writing • Using matrix Some examples of oral preparation for the writing